Jonathan Tudge
Biographic Data
| ID | 195047 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Jonathan Tudge |
| GIVEN NAMES | Jonathan |
| FAMILY NAME | Tudge |
| SIGNATURE | TUDGE J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Greensboro |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4242-8067 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 45 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 246 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 43 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Parental Appreciation Socialization and Child Development of Appreciation Versus Gratitude
Based on cultural-ecological theory, the development of appreciation depends on culture (e.g., China), everyday activities and interactions (e.g., parenting goals and behaviors), personal characteristics (e.g., parental education), and time, and their interconnected associations. However, previous studies focusing on children’s appreciation have not been adequately based on theory, have conflated appreciation and gratitude, and have mismatched co…
Chinese Parents’ Understanding and Socialization of Gratitude
Extant research on parents’ understanding of gratitude and the socialization of gratitude in children has primarily been conducted in Western cultural contexts. To address this gap, this interview‐based qualitative study explored the perspectives of 50 Chinese parents (25 mothers and 25 fathers) regarding their understanding of gratitude, their socialization strategies for gratitude, and potential gender‐differentiated approaches to teaching grat…
Parental socialization goals and behaviors for appreciation, parents’ own appreciation, and children’s appreciation
Most extant research on parental socialization for child appreciation has either conflated appreciation and gratitude or fallen foul of a conceptual-operational mismatch, yielding theoretical controversies and inconsistent results. Using a matched conceptualization and operationalization of appreciation and based on three waves of data from 496 Chinese parent–child dyads (child age M = 10.25, SD = .69; 53.6% girls at Wave 1), this study examines:…
Technologizing Bronfenbrenner
Gratitude as a moral virtue
Gratitude has been previously defined as a tendency to appreciate positives in life, thus conflating gratitude and components of well-being. Accordingly, current measures assessing “gratitude” are primarily based on this conflated conceptualization, and do not adequately assess gratitude as a moral virtue. The Gratitude Assessment Questionnaire (GAQ-C) was developed to assess child virtuous gratitude (VG). This study evaluates the psychometric pr…
Bored of the rings
Bronfenbrenner's ecological (and later bioecological) theory has been a mainstay in the theoretical wheelhouse of developmental and family sciences since its inception in the 1970s. However, few studies accurately operationalize Bronfenbrenner's process‐person‐context‐time (PPCT) research model. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical guide to the design, implementation, and analysis of PPCT research studies. Using recent qualitative and …
How weird is the development of children’s gratitude in the United States? Cross-cultural comparisons
Our interest is in the development of gratitude as a moral virtue, and its variability across different cultural contexts. Given psychology's overreliance on samples collected from the United Sates, Western Europe, and Australasia, we contrasted patterns of age-related expressions of gratitude among a sample of U.S. 7- to 14-year-old children with those from same-age samples from Brazil, China, Russia, South Korea, and Turkey ( N = 2,540, 54.7% f…
Life purpose and sibling care in adolescence
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relations between sibling care level and the areas of interest in adolescents’ life purposes. Participants were 113 adolescents. The instruments were a record of socio-demographic data, the household tasks and Sibling Care Questionnaire, and a written testimony on life purpose. We identified 347 life projects, which were grouped into the following categories: career, family, possessions, happi…
Using cultural‐ecological theory to construct a mid‐range theory for the development of gratitude as a virtue
Gratitude scholarship, whether in the close relationships or developmental literature, currently lacks a coherent framework. The term gratitude is used for a wide variety of constructs, and there is rarely a clear link between conceptualization and operationalization. We think that gratitude should be considered a moral virtue, involving the desire to reciprocate in some kind or helpful way to one's intentional benefactors. Our goal is thus to pr…
Operationalizing Urie Bronfenbrenner’s Process-Person-Context-Time Model
Urie Bronfenbrenner spent much of his academic life designing and then refining what came to be known as the bioecological theory of human development. During this process, he came to a working operationalization of his theory – what he termed the process-person-context-time (PPCT) model. However, for all of the effort that he put into refining the theory, he provided very little information on how to apply the theory, or even the PPCT model, in …
What Is Gratitude? Ingratitude Provides the Answer
Current scholarship on “gratitude” has largely ignored its opposite – ingratitude. As a result, gratitude is no longer distinguishable from constructs such as appreciation and happiness. This was not the case over previous centuries – ingratitude was viewed as something monstrous, a failure to reciprocate would loosen the bonds holding society together. The opposite, gratitude, was seen as a virtue. Reciprocity has come under attack because “obli…
Processing Proximal Processes
Although Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory is heavily cited, one of its major concepts—proximal processes—has received relatively little attention. We explore the definition and properties of proximal process as the “engines of development,” analyze how proximal processes are distinguished from Bronfenbrenner's discussions of “process,” and consider whether proximal processes are always positive. Bronfenbrenner viewed proximal processes as ha…
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory
Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory was developed between the 1970s and early in the 21st century. Although it has been most commonly thought of as a theory of the contexts of human development, from the start it was a theory of individual–context relatedness, fully justifying the use of ecological in its name. Despite the fact that three distinct phases can be seen in the development of this theory, its ecological foundation remains clearly …
The Development of the Virtue of Gratitude
The expression of gratitude by children and young adolescents in different societies is the topic of this special issue. We introduce the concept of gratitude as a virtue, explaining its differences from gratitude viewed as a positive emotion. Although most research on gratitude uses samples from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies (primarily from the United States), we discuss the importance of studying the …
Methods for Studying the Virtue of Gratitude Cross-Culturally
Considering gratitude as a virtue, rather than a positive emotion, requires measures different from those more commonly used and which conflate gratitude with appreciation. We here describe those measures, explaining why they are appropriate to the study of gratitude as a virtue. We then discuss how each measure was coded for this special issue, the manner of recruitment of our participants across the seven research sites (Brazil, Guatemala, the …
The Development of Gratitude in Brazilian Children and Adolescents
This study aimed to examine age-related changes in gratitude expression and spending preferences and the associations between children’s greatest wish and gratitude expression. Participants were 285 children of ages 7 to 14 ( M = 10.87, SD = 2.27, 54% girls) from public and private schools in Porto Alegre, a large urban center of Brazil. We found that verbal gratitude was the most common type of gratitude expression. Older children were more like…
The Development of Gratitude in Seven Societies
This study aimed to examine children’s expression of gratitude in Brazil, China, Guatemala, Russia, South Korea, Turkey, and the United States. Participants ( N = 2,265) consisted of 7- to 14-year-olds ( M = 10.56, SD = 2.09; 54.4% girls). Using hierarchical cluster analysis, we found four clusters of gratitude expression: (a) Russia and Turkey (moderate–high expression of connective, low concrete, and moderate verbal gratitude), (b) Brazil and t…
Wishes, Gratitude, and Spending Preferences in Russian Children
Gratitude is an important virtue in any cultural group. In Russian culture, gratitude is a salient and highly promoted trait that is seen as one of the cornerstones of social cohesion. In this study, we investigate wishes, expressions of gratitude, and self-reported spending preferences in 305 Russian 7- to 14-year-olds. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that the younger Russian children were more likely to express concrete gratitude, …
Implicit versus Explicit Ways of Using Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory
Still Misused After All These Years? A Reevaluation of the Uses of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Human Development
A theoretical review published in 2009 revealed that scholars who stated that their research was based on Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory of human development rarely used it appropriately. To what extent has the situation changed since then? We used the same methods to identify relevant articles as had been used in the 2009 article and found 20 publications whose authors explicitly claimed that Bronfenbrenner provided the theoretical f…
The Virtue of Gratitude
There has been a burgeoning interest in gratitude in adults, adolescents, and children, with most scholars examining the relations between variations in level of gratitude, treated largely as an emotional state, and measures of well-being. In this paper we explain why we think that gratitude should be defined as a virtue, as discussed by neo-Aristotelian virtue ethicists, rather than simply as an emotional state. Defining gratitude as a virtue ha…
Social Class, Workplace Experience, and Child-Rearing Values of Mothers and Fathers in Southern Brazil
We investigated associations among social class, parents' work experiences, and their child-rearing values in a sample of mothers and fathers drawn from southern Brazil, testing Kohn's hypothesis that parents who experience greater decision-making autonomy at work and who perceive their jobs to be more complex will be more likely to value self-direction and less likely to value conformity in their children. We also tested the hypothesis that the …
Expressions of Gratitude in Children and Adolescents
Gratitude is a socially desirable virtue that is related to well-being at both personal and societal levels. The present study took a developmental perspective to examine changes with age in types of wishes and gratitude in two societies. The samples consisted of 357 children, aged 7 to 14 years, from a medium-sized city in the southeast United States, and 334 children from a metropolitan area in southern China. Results showed that the expression…
Urie Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Human Development
We describe the evolution, over three phases, of Bronfenbrenner's theory from an ecological to a bioecological theory. Phase 1 (1973–1979) culminated in the publication of The Ecology of Human Development (1979). Phase 2 (1980–1993) saw almost immediate modifications to the theory, with more attention paid to the role of the individual and greater concern with developmental processes. In Phase 3 (1993–2006), proximal processes were defined and pl…
Child-Rearing Values in Southern Brazil
The authors examine social-class differences in parents' child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children's characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn's Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age.…
Urie Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Human Development
We describe the evolution, over three phases, of Bronfenbrenner's theory from an ecological to a bioecological theory. Phase 1 (1973–1979) culminated in the publication of The Ecology of Human Development (1979). Phase 2 (1980–1993) saw almost immediate modifications to the theory, with more attention paid to the role of the individual and greater concern with developmental processes. In Phase 3 (1993–2006), proximal processes were defined and pl…
Uses and Misuses of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Human Development
This paper evaluates the application of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory as it is represented in empirical work on families and their relationships. We describe the “mature” form of bioecological theory of the mid‐1990s and beyond, with its focus on proximal processes at the center of the Process‐Person‐Context‐Time model. We then examine 25 papers published since 2001, all explicitly described as being based on Bronfenbrenner's theory, and …
Still Misused After All These Years? A Reevaluation of the Uses of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Human Development
A theoretical review published in 2009 revealed that scholars who stated that their research was based on Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory of human development rarely used it appropriately. To what extent has the situation changed since then? We used the same methods to identify relevant articles as had been used in the 2009 article and found 20 publications whose authors explicitly claimed that Bronfenbrenner provided the theoretical f…
The Development of the Virtue of Gratitude
The expression of gratitude by children and young adolescents in different societies is the topic of this special issue. We introduce the concept of gratitude as a virtue, explaining its differences from gratitude viewed as a positive emotion. Although most research on gratitude uses samples from Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) societies (primarily from the United States), we discuss the importance of studying the …
Early mathematical experiences
The impact of the west on post‐Soviet Russian education
In this paper we draw on Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development in order to examine western influences upon Russian education. We argue that while some have embraced western ideas about education and schooling, reflecting both the influence of specific educational theorizing and that of broader globalizing trends, many teachers have continued to rely on traditional practices and values and have shown resistance to these changes. We examine …
Processing Proximal Processes
Although Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory is heavily cited, one of its major concepts—proximal processes—has received relatively little attention. We explore the definition and properties of proximal process as the “engines of development,” analyze how proximal processes are distinguished from Bronfenbrenner's discussions of “process,” and consider whether proximal processes are always positive. Bronfenbrenner viewed proximal processes as ha…
Expressions of Gratitude in Children and Adolescents
Gratitude is a socially desirable virtue that is related to well-being at both personal and societal levels. The present study took a developmental perspective to examine changes with age in types of wishes and gratitude in two societies. The samples consisted of 357 children, aged 7 to 14 years, from a medium-sized city in the southeast United States, and 334 children from a metropolitan area in southern China. Results showed that the expression…
Methods for Studying the Virtue of Gratitude Cross-Culturally
Considering gratitude as a virtue, rather than a positive emotion, requires measures different from those more commonly used and which conflate gratitude with appreciation. We here describe those measures, explaining why they are appropriate to the study of gratitude as a virtue. We then discuss how each measure was coded for this special issue, the manner of recruitment of our participants across the seven research sites (Brazil, Guatemala, the …
Beyond politeness
We present results from a study about the expression of gratitude in children and adolescents. Four hundred and thirty children, aged 7 to 14 years old (58% female), answered the questions: "What is your greatest wish?" and "What would you do for the person who granted you this wish?" The responses to the second question were content-analyzed and coded into four types of gratitude: verbal, concrete, connective and finalistic. Subsequently we cond…
The Development of Gratitude in Seven Societies
This study aimed to examine children’s expression of gratitude in Brazil, China, Guatemala, Russia, South Korea, Turkey, and the United States. Participants ( N = 2,265) consisted of 7- to 14-year-olds ( M = 10.56, SD = 2.09; 54.4% girls). Using hierarchical cluster analysis, we found four clusters of gratitude expression: (a) Russia and Turkey (moderate–high expression of connective, low concrete, and moderate verbal gratitude), (b) Brazil and t…
Bored of the rings
Bronfenbrenner's ecological (and later bioecological) theory has been a mainstay in the theoretical wheelhouse of developmental and family sciences since its inception in the 1970s. However, few studies accurately operationalize Bronfenbrenner's process‐person‐context‐time (PPCT) research model. The aim of this paper is to provide a practical guide to the design, implementation, and analysis of PPCT research studies. Using recent qualitative and …
How weird is the development of children’s gratitude in the United States? Cross-cultural comparisons
Our interest is in the development of gratitude as a moral virtue, and its variability across different cultural contexts. Given psychology's overreliance on samples collected from the United Sates, Western Europe, and Australasia, we contrasted patterns of age-related expressions of gratitude among a sample of U.S. 7- to 14-year-old children with those from same-age samples from Brazil, China, Russia, South Korea, and Turkey ( N = 2,540, 54.7% f…
Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Theory
Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory was developed between the 1970s and early in the 21st century. Although it has been most commonly thought of as a theory of the contexts of human development, from the start it was a theory of individual–context relatedness, fully justifying the use of ecological in its name. Despite the fact that three distinct phases can be seen in the development of this theory, its ecological foundation remains clearly …
Internacionalização, globalização e cultura
Este artigo tem por objetivo contribuir para o debate sobre o valor da internacionalização, inserindo-o em um quadro teórico mais amplo. A partir de exemplos da psicologia do desenvolvimento, examinamos diversos paradigmas, ou visões de mundo, para mostrar como concepções sobre internacionalização diferem se as ideias dos pesquisadores alinham-se ao paradigma neo-positivista ou a paradigmas não-positivistas. As suas diferentes posições ontológica…
Can young children benefit from collaborative problem solving? Tracing the effects of partner competence and feedback
This research was designed to ascertain the extent to which and the conditions under which 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds benefit from collaborative problem‐solving. We were interested in the impact of (a) repeated collaborative sessions, with the problem difficulty tied to the current independent ability of the target children; (b) working with a more competent partner, an equally competent partner, or with no partner; and (c) immediate feedback from the mat…
Relations between the everyday activities of preschoolers and their teachers’ perceptions of their competence in the first years of school
Chinese Parents’ Understanding and Socialization of Gratitude
Extant research on parents’ understanding of gratitude and the socialization of gratitude in children has primarily been conducted in Western cultural contexts. To address this gap, this interview‐based qualitative study explored the perspectives of 50 Chinese parents (25 mothers and 25 fathers) regarding their understanding of gratitude, their socialization strategies for gratitude, and potential gender‐differentiated approaches to teaching grat…
Child-Rearing Values in Southern Brazil
The authors examine social-class differences in parents' child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children's characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn's Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age.…
O envolvimento paterno durante a gestação
O período de gestação da companheira exige uma série de adaptações por parte do pai, que precisa se preparar para os novos papéis que deverá assumir frente ao bebê e à sua nova família. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar como se dá o envolvimento paterno durante o 3o trimestre de gestação. Participaram deste estudo 35 pais que esperavam seu primeiro filho, com idades entre 21 e 40 anos. Os pais foram entrevistados ind…
Using cultural‐ecological theory to construct a mid‐range theory for the development of gratitude as a virtue
Gratitude scholarship, whether in the close relationships or developmental literature, currently lacks a coherent framework. The term gratitude is used for a wide variety of constructs, and there is rarely a clear link between conceptualization and operationalization. We think that gratitude should be considered a moral virtue, involving the desire to reciprocate in some kind or helpful way to one's intentional benefactors. Our goal is thus to pr…
Wishes, Gratitude, and Spending Preferences in Russian Children
Gratitude is an important virtue in any cultural group. In Russian culture, gratitude is a salient and highly promoted trait that is seen as one of the cornerstones of social cohesion. In this study, we investigate wishes, expressions of gratitude, and self-reported spending preferences in 305 Russian 7- to 14-year-olds. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that the younger Russian children were more likely to express concrete gratitude, …
Quando eles crescem, eles voam
O presente estudo visou investigar as percepções e sentimentos maternos diante das aquisições de desenvolvimento da criança dos 18 aos 20 meses. Participaram 14 mães primíparas, com idades entre 20 e 37 anos, de níveis socioeconômicos variados, residentes com o marido na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Foi realizada e submetida à análise qualitativa de conteúdo uma entrevista semiestruturada que abordava a experiência da maternidade e o des…
When collaboration leads to regression
Piagetian scholars have argued that cognitive development is fostered by peer social interaction, brought about by ‘socio‐cognitive conflict’ between conserver‐non‐conserver pairs. The nonconservers often attain conservation after having discussed their different opinions with conserving peers, whereas the conservers do not regress to non conservation. These results are generally taken to indicate the beneficial impact of such peer interaction. I…
News Media Use and Adolescents' Attitudes about Nuclear Issues
Both Soviet and American youth show a great concern about the possible effects of nuclear war, with heavy media users in both countries more optimistic, but the relation was stronger among Soviet students
When collaboration leads to regression
Piagetian scholars have argued that cognitive development is fostered by peer social interaction, brought about by ‘socio‐cognitive conflict’ between conserver‐non‐conserver pairs. The nonconservers often attain conservation after having discussed their different opinions with conserving peers, whereas the conservers do not regress to non conservation. These results are generally taken to indicate the beneficial impact of such peer interaction. I…
Can young children benefit from collaborative problem solving? Tracing the effects of partner competence and feedback
This research was designed to ascertain the extent to which and the conditions under which 5‐ to 6‐year‐olds benefit from collaborative problem‐solving. We were interested in the impact of (a) repeated collaborative sessions, with the problem difficulty tied to the current independent ability of the target children; (b) working with a more competent partner, an equally competent partner, or with no partner; and (c) immediate feedback from the mat…
Ecological Perspectives in Human Development
In this chapter we provide a brief overview of ecological perspectives as they relate to human development, as the background to more extensive discussion of the perspectives taken by two theorists, James Gibson and Urie Bronfenbrenner. Despite their very different foci (Gibson being concerned primarily with perception, Bronfenbrenner with social contexts) and their different levels of analysis, they share basic assumptions and, we shall argue, t…
The Everyday Experiences of North American Preschoolers in Two Cultural Communities
An understanding of everyday lived experience, as well as of the culture that underlies it, shapes it, and is simultaneously shaped by it, is important for the study of human development. Traditional psychological methods, such as observation or experimentation in controlled laboratory and laboratory–like settings, or the use of questionnaires and surveys, have yielded data regarding how people perform in certain circumstances, what they say they…
Comparisons in Human Development
Studying Comparisons and Development Comparisons are perhaps the fundamental heuristic tool with which developmentalists generate knowledge. Since the sine qua non of developmental phenomena is the passing of time, developmental knowledge will always involve comparisons across time points. However, given the multiple time frames that often characterize this change, temporal comparisons can be complex. How do patterns of change over ontogenetic ti…
Comparisons in Human Development
This important volume deals with the challenges posed by comparative strategies in human development, challenges that reflect the dynamic and multilevel nature of development. Comparative strategies represent basic heuristic tools for studying the change and stability of both people and their environments. Yet developmentalists make comparisons that focus on the magnitude of differences between groups (based, for example, on age or gender), often…
Comparisons in Human Development
This important volume deals with the issue of how to make comparisons in the field of human development. In their comparisons of various social groups, social scientists generally focus on what the differences are, rather than elucidating how and why the groups differ. Comparisons in Human Development examines ways in which different disciplines have treated comparisons and development and provides empirical examples that take a comparative, deve…
Relations between the everyday activities of preschoolers and their teachers’ perceptions of their competence in the first years of school
Early mathematical experiences
O envolvimento paterno durante a gestação
O período de gestação da companheira exige uma série de adaptações por parte do pai, que precisa se preparar para os novos papéis que deverá assumir frente ao bebê e à sua nova família. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo investigar como se dá o envolvimento paterno durante o 3o trimestre de gestação. Participaram deste estudo 35 pais que esperavam seu primeiro filho, com idades entre 21 e 40 anos. Os pais foram entrevistados ind…
The impact of the west on post‐Soviet Russian education
In this paper we draw on Bronfenbrenner's theory of human development in order to examine western influences upon Russian education. We argue that while some have embraced western ideas about education and schooling, reflecting both the influence of specific educational theorizing and that of broader globalizing trends, many teachers have continued to rely on traditional practices and values and have shown resistance to these changes. We examine …
The Everyday Lives of Young Children
Where do young children spend their time? What activities are they involved in and who do they interact with? How do these activities and interactions vary across different societies and cultural groups? This book provides answers to these questions, by describing the lives of three-year-olds in the United States, Russia, Estonia, Finland, South Korea, Kenya and Brazil. Each child was followed for the equivalent of one complete waking day, whethe…
Uses and Misuses of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Human Development
This paper evaluates the application of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory as it is represented in empirical work on families and their relationships. We describe the “mature” form of bioecological theory of the mid‐1990s and beyond, with its focus on proximal processes at the center of the Process‐Person‐Context‐Time model. We then examine 25 papers published since 2001, all explicitly described as being based on Bronfenbrenner's theory, and …
Quando eles crescem, eles voam
O presente estudo visou investigar as percepções e sentimentos maternos diante das aquisições de desenvolvimento da criança dos 18 aos 20 meses. Participaram 14 mães primíparas, com idades entre 20 e 37 anos, de níveis socioeconômicos variados, residentes com o marido na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Foi realizada e submetida à análise qualitativa de conteúdo uma entrevista semiestruturada que abordava a experiência da maternidade e o des…
Vygotsky, Piaget, and Bandura
In this article we examine the theories of Vygotsky, Piaget, and Bandura as they deal with the relation between the social world and cognitive development. The prevailing belief is that these theories are quite different from each other. We consider a number of factors that contribute to this belief. One is the easy categorization afforded by current ‘world views’ in psychology – root conceptualizations of the nature of development that are belie…
Beyond politeness
We present results from a study about the expression of gratitude in children and adolescents. Four hundred and thirty children, aged 7 to 14 years old (58% female), answered the questions: "What is your greatest wish?" and "What would you do for the person who granted you this wish?" The responses to the second question were content-analyzed and coded into four types of gratitude: verbal, concrete, connective and finalistic. Subsequently we cond…
Estabilidade e mudança nas práticas educativas maternas e paternas ao longo dos anos pré-escolares da criança
O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar a estabilidade e mudança nas práticas educativas maternas e paternas, em particular o uso de práticas indutivas, coercitivas e de não interferência aos 24, 36 e 72 meses de vida da criança. Participaram 24 mães e pais que tinham um único filho e residiam na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Quando as crianças completaram 24 e 72 meses de vida, os participantes responderam a uma entrevista para a a…
Sentimentos maternos frente ao desenvolvimento da criança entre 24 e 28 meses
O presente estudo visou investigar os sentimentos maternos frente às aquisições de desenvolvimento da criança entre os 24 e 28 meses. Participaram16 mães primíparas, com idade entre 21 e 36 anos, de nível socioeconômico, escolaridade e status ocupacional variados, residentes na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, com o companheiro. Foi realizada entrevista semiestruturada, submetida à análise qualitativa de conteúdo, abordando a experiência da …
Internacionalização, globalização e cultura
Este artigo tem por objetivo contribuir para o debate sobre o valor da internacionalização, inserindo-o em um quadro teórico mais amplo. A partir de exemplos da psicologia do desenvolvimento, examinamos diversos paradigmas, ou visões de mundo, para mostrar como concepções sobre internacionalização diferem se as ideias dos pesquisadores alinham-se ao paradigma neo-positivista ou a paradigmas não-positivistas. As suas diferentes posições ontológica…
Urie Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Human Development
We describe the evolution, over three phases, of Bronfenbrenner's theory from an ecological to a bioecological theory. Phase 1 (1973–1979) culminated in the publication of The Ecology of Human Development (1979). Phase 2 (1980–1993) saw almost immediate modifications to the theory, with more attention paid to the role of the individual and greater concern with developmental processes. In Phase 3 (1993–2006), proximal processes were defined and pl…
Child-Rearing Values in Southern Brazil
The authors examine social-class differences in parents' child-rearing values for autonomy, self-direction, and conformity and the extent to which their values are influenced by their perceptions of their developing children's characteristics. Parents from 25 middle-class or working-class families in a Brazilian city participated in interviews, observations, and completed Kohn's Q-Sort measure when their children were 3, 36, and 72 months of age.…
The Virtue of Gratitude
There has been a burgeoning interest in gratitude in adults, adolescents, and children, with most scholars examining the relations between variations in level of gratitude, treated largely as an emotional state, and measures of well-being. In this paper we explain why we think that gratitude should be defined as a virtue, as discussed by neo-Aristotelian virtue ethicists, rather than simply as an emotional state. Defining gratitude as a virtue ha…
Social Class, Workplace Experience, and Child-Rearing Values of Mothers and Fathers in Southern Brazil
We investigated associations among social class, parents' work experiences, and their child-rearing values in a sample of mothers and fathers drawn from southern Brazil, testing Kohn's hypothesis that parents who experience greater decision-making autonomy at work and who perceive their jobs to be more complex will be more likely to value self-direction and less likely to value conformity in their children. We also tested the hypothesis that the …
Expressions of Gratitude in Children and Adolescents
Gratitude is a socially desirable virtue that is related to well-being at both personal and societal levels. The present study took a developmental perspective to examine changes with age in types of wishes and gratitude in two societies. The samples consisted of 357 children, aged 7 to 14 years, from a medium-sized city in the southeast United States, and 334 children from a metropolitan area in southern China. Results showed that the expression…
Psychology (42 works) · Developmental psychology (27 works) · Social Psychology (25 works) · Sociology (21 works) · Political science (17 works) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (16 works) · Social Psychology (16 works) · Gratitude (15 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (13 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (12 works)