Bernard Rimé
Biographic Data
| ID | 198382 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bernard Rimé |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bernard |
| FAMILY NAME | Rimé |
| SIGNATURE | RIMÉ B |
| AFFILIATIONS | UCLouvain |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8487-575X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 45 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 205 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 45 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Anxiety and the social sharing of emotion at the core of collective crises
Collective crises – such as natural disasters, terrorist attacks, and pandemics – profoundly disrupt the symbolic and social frameworks that normally sustain everyday life. Sociological research has long shown that such crises often trigger waves of solidarity, communication, and collective mobilization. However, the psychological forces driving these social dynamics remain insufficiently understood. This article addresses this gap by proposing t…
Contributions of group identification and emotional synchrony in understanding collective gatherings: A meta-analysis of 13 studies
The present research aims to explore the relationship between group identification and emotional synchronization in a series of collective gatherings and evaluate their respective effects on key social-psychological variables. Thirteen studies were conducted in highly varied contexts, studying naturally happening phenomena, and focusing on a wide range of collective gatherings ( N = 2,260 participants). The results of factor analyses and a random…
Why We Gather: A New Look, Empirically Documented, at Émile Durkheim’s Theory of Collective Assemblies and Collective Effervescence
For Durkheim, individuals’ survival and well-being rest on cultural resources and social belonging that must be revived periodically in collective assemblies. Durkheim’s concern was to clarify how these assemblies achieve this revitalization. An intensive examination of primitive religions led him to identify successive levels of engagement experienced by participants and to develop explanatory principles relevant to all types of collective gathe…
Religious and secular collective gatherings, perceived emotional synchrony and self-transcendent emotions: Two longitudinal studies
Personal and Interpersonal Factors Moderate the Relation Between Human-Made Trauma and Hypertension: A Path Analysis Approach
BACKGROUND: Although the link between trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and hypertension is established, its underlying mechanisms remain underexplored. OBJECTIVE: This study tested a theoretical model exploring the moderating influence of psychological (emotion regulation) and interpersonal (social support) factors on the mediation between trauma and hypertension, through PTSD. METHODS: We measured these variables through self-report…
Quality of social sharing of emotions alleviates job burnout: The role of meaning of work
Past research has demonstrated that finding meaning in work is a dynamic process during interactions with colleagues and supervisors and protects against job burnout. At the same time, past studies have shown that the need to achieve meaning motivates people to share their emotions. Building on this, we hypothesized that workers who have more experience of quality social sharing of emotions about their work with relatives, colleagues, and supervi…
Collective emotions during the Covid-19 outbreak
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the world's population to unprecedented health threats and changes to social life. High uncertainty about the novel disease and its social and economic consequences, together with increasingly stringent governmental measures against the spread of the virus, likely elicited strong emotional responses. We analyzed the digital traces of emotional expressions in tweets during 5 weeks after the start of outbreaks in 1…
Intrapersonal, interpersonal, and social outcomes of the social sharing of emotion
The association between Truth Commissions evaluation, emotional climate and institutional trust: Comparison and meta-analysis of surveys in six South American countries (La relación entre la evaluació…
This article analyses the assessments of Truth Commissions (TCs) and their association with positive socio-emotional climate and trust in institutions in six South American countries The sample consisted of 4,442 participants (53.3% women), 13 to 90-years-old ( M = 37.4, SD = 15.7). Participants answered a questionnaire comprised of scales that evaluated their knowledge, evaluation, emotions and social sharing about the TC, as well as the socio-e…
A social psychological perspective on World War II collaboration in the 21st century: A Belgian case
The present study addresses antecedents and consequences of attitudes towards collaboration in the context of World War II (WWII) in Belgium. A survey conducted on 922 Belgian French‐ and Dutch‐speaking participants shows that, on overall, Dutch‐speakers perceive collaboration as more moral and support amnesty of the former collaborators at a higher level than their Francophone counterparts. In addition, we show that these attitudes are predicted…
Collective Emotions and Social Resilience in the Digital Traces After a Terrorist Attack
After collective traumas such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks, members of concerned communities experience intense emotions and talk profusely about them. Although these exchanges resemble simple emotional venting, Durkheim’s theory of collective effervescence postulates that these collective emotions lead to higher levels of solidarity in the affected community. We present the first large-scale test of this theory through the analysis…
Collective Emotions and Social Resilience in the Digital Traces After a Terrorist Attack
After collective traumas such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks, members of concerned communities experience intense emotions and talk profusely about them. Although these exchanges resemble simple emotional venting, Durkheim’s theory of collective effervescence postulates that these collective emotions lead to higher levels of solidarity in the affected community. We present the first large-scale test of this theory through the analysis…
Lexical Profile of Emotional Disclosure in Socially Shared Versus Written Narratives
To disclose emotional experiences, people can either talk or write. Our research was intended to address content differences between social sharing of emotion and expressive writing. In the first study, 92 participants either talked to an experimenter or wrote alone about an emotional experience. In the second study, after watching an emotion-inducing film, 112 participants were asked to disclose their emotions by either writing, talking alone to…
How Transitional Justice Processes and Official Apologies Influence Reconciliation: The Case of the Chilean ‘Truth and Reconciliation’ and ‘Political Imprisonment and Torture’ Commissions
Perceptions of the ‘Truth and Reconciliation’ and ‘Political Imprisonment and Torture’ commissions and related beliefs, emotions and socio‐emotional climate were analysed in people affected and unaffected by past political violence in Chile ( N = 1278). People directly affected regard institutional apologies as less sincere and effective, and they were more critical of the commissions. Those who have a positive appraisal of the commissions, compa…
When collective memories of victimhood fade: Generational evolution of intergroup attitudes and political aspirations in Belgium
Collective memory theories propose that groups' remembrances of their past depend upon their current social situation. In Belgium, a significant proportion of Dutch speakers share a collective memory of past victimisation by French speakers and fight for an ever‐larger autonomy of their region. Yet, as the respective economic, political and social situations of the linguistic regions of Belgium recently evolved with a reversal of fortunes, the cu…
Psychosocial effects of perceived emotional synchrony in collective gatherings
In a classic theory, Durkheim (1912) predicted that because of the social sharing of emotion they generate, collective gatherings bring participants to a stage of collective effervescence in which they experience a sense of union with others and a feeling of empowerment accompanied by positive affect. This would lead them to leave the collective situation with a renewed sense of confidence in life and in social institutions. A century after Durkh…
Motives for the social sharing of an emotional experience
Previous studies demonstrated that people socially share both their positive and negative emotional experiences. This article reports two studies aimed to clarify and assess the motives underlying this human propensity to share emotions. A large number of motives were collected from 182 participants (Study 1). A content analysis resulted in 8 categories of motives; 72 representative items were retained to create a Social Sharing Motives Scale (SS…
To share, or not to share? Examining the emotional consequences of social sharing in the case of anger and sadness
Previous research has shown the relation between social sharing and emotional processing to be notoriously complex. In the present study, we unraveled this complexity by, for the first time, taking 3 key aspects of this relation into account simultaneously: the nature of the emotion, the timing of possible sharing effects, and the multicomponential character of emotions. Using the day reconstruction method, we first identified an intense anger or…
Trust, Individual Guilt, Collective Guilt and Dispositions Toward Reconciliation Among Rwandan Survivors and Prisoners Before and After Their Participation in Postgenocide Gacaca Courts in Rwanda
A field experiment compared the level of personal and collective guilt in survivors (N = 200) and accused perpetrators (N = 184) of the Rwandan genocide before and after participation in Gacaca community courts and in control groups of survivors (N = 195) and prisoners (N = 179) who did not participate in Gacaca. Participation in Gacaca led to a marked reduction in survivors’ personal and collective guilt and to an increase in prisoners' personal…
Negative emotional experiences arouse rumination and affect working memory capacity
Following an emotional experience, individuals are confronted with the persistence of ruminative thoughts that disturb the undertaking of other activities. In the present study, we experimentally tested the idea that experiencing a negative emotion triggers a ruminative process that drains working memory (WM) resources normally devoted to other tasks. Undergraduate participants of high versus low WM capacity were administered the operation-word m…
The social sharing of emotions in HIV/Aids: A comparative study of HIV/Aids, diabetic and cancer patients
Studies have shown that chronic illness patients encounter difficulties in the social sharing of emotions. Do HIV/AIDS patients present distinguishing traits in the inhibition of illness and non-illness-related emotions? The differences in the social sharing of emotion between 35 HIV/AIDS, 35 diabetic and 34 cancer outpatients were studied. A questionnaire assessed illness-related emotions, social sharing of emotion and emotional inhibition. The …
The temporal evolution of social sharing of emotions and its consequences on emotional recovery: A longitudinal study
After an emotional episode individuals need to talk about their experiences in a repetitive process called social sharing of emotions. In the present study we adopted a longitudinal design over a 9-month period to achieve 2 main goals: First, we aimed to investigate the relationship between social sharing and recovery from an initial emotional experience; second, we tested a model of prediction of the perpetuation of social sharing over time. Fin…
Beyond the myth of venting: Social sharing modes determine the benefits of emotional disclosure
When individuals experience an emotion, they talk about it afterwards. A popular ‘emotional venting’ belief claims that doing so dissolves the emotional impact. This study tested a model of when and how sharing emotions is beneficial. It predicts that benefits vary according to the listener's response mode. A socio‐affective (empathic) mode was expected to buffer emotional distress temporarily. A cognitive (reframing) mode was anticipated to gran…
The impact of Gacaca tribunals in Rwanda: Psychosocial effects of participation in a truth and reconciliation process after a genocide
Victims ( N = 200) of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and prisoners ( N = 184) accused of genocidal acts reported their genocide‐related emotions and outgroup perceptions before and after their participation to Truth and Reconciliation Gacaca trials. So did control groups of victims ( N = 195) and prisoners ( N = 176) not yet exposed to Gacaca. The data supported Durkheim's model of social rituals as cultural tools for transforming emotions, reassert…
Social sharing of emotion, post‐traumatic growth, and emotional climate: Follow‐up of Spanish citizen's response to the collective trauma of March 11th terrorist attacks in Madrid
A questionnaire measuring social sharing of emotion, coping, intensity of emotions and rumination related to March 11th (2004) terrorist attacks in Madrid, emotional climate, social integration, and post‐traumatic growth was completed by 644 students and their relatives (38%) in 5 Spanish regions and 8 universities 1 week, 3 weeks, and 8 weeks after the terrorist act. Results supported a two‐sided model of the effects of social sharing of emotion…
The Social Sharing of Emotion as an Interface Between Individual and Collective Processes in the Construction of Emotional Climates
The study of private emotional experiences reveals that an emotion is typically followed by social sharing. Additionally, the target's responses stimulate the sharing person's emotional expression. The reciprocal stimulation of interactants favors empathy and emotional communion. Consequences are two‐fold: (1) the sharing process reactivates emotional arousal in both agent and target, and (2) it strengthens social bonds. Sharing targets also shar…
Psychosocial effects of perceived emotional synchrony in collective gatherings
In a classic theory, Durkheim (1912) predicted that because of the social sharing of emotion they generate, collective gatherings bring participants to a stage of collective effervescence in which they experience a sense of union with others and a feeling of empowerment accompanied by positive affect. This would lead them to leave the collective situation with a renewed sense of confidence in life and in social institutions. A century after Durkh…
Beyond the myth of venting: Social sharing modes determine the benefits of emotional disclosure
When individuals experience an emotion, they talk about it afterwards. A popular ‘emotional venting’ belief claims that doing so dissolves the emotional impact. This study tested a model of when and how sharing emotions is beneficial. It predicts that benefits vary according to the listener's response mode. A socio‐affective (empathic) mode was expected to buffer emotional distress temporarily. A cognitive (reframing) mode was anticipated to gran…
Social sharing of emotion, post‐traumatic growth, and emotional climate: Follow‐up of Spanish citizen's response to the collective trauma of March 11th terrorist attacks in Madrid
A questionnaire measuring social sharing of emotion, coping, intensity of emotions and rumination related to March 11th (2004) terrorist attacks in Madrid, emotional climate, social integration, and post‐traumatic growth was completed by 644 students and their relatives (38%) in 5 Spanish regions and 8 universities 1 week, 3 weeks, and 8 weeks after the terrorist act. Results supported a two‐sided model of the effects of social sharing of emotion…
Stereotypes of emotional expressiveness of Northerners and Southerners: A cross-cultural test of Montesquieu's hypotheses
Montesquieu argued that residents of warmer climates are more emotionally expressive than those living in cooler ones. More than 2,900 college students from 26 countries completed a brief questionnaire assessing the degree to which they considered Northerners and Southerners within their own countries to be emotionally expressive. In addition, individuals rated themselves on their own degree of expressiveness. In partial confirmation of Montesqui…
When collective memories of victimhood fade: Generational evolution of intergroup attitudes and political aspirations in Belgium
Collective memory theories propose that groups' remembrances of their past depend upon their current social situation. In Belgium, a significant proportion of Dutch speakers share a collective memory of past victimisation by French speakers and fight for an ever‐larger autonomy of their region. Yet, as the respective economic, political and social situations of the linguistic regions of Belgium recently evolved with a reversal of fortunes, the cu…
Motives for the social sharing of an emotional experience
Previous studies demonstrated that people socially share both their positive and negative emotional experiences. This article reports two studies aimed to clarify and assess the motives underlying this human propensity to share emotions. A large number of motives were collected from 182 participants (Study 1). A content analysis resulted in 8 categories of motives; 72 representative items were retained to create a Social Sharing Motives Scale (SS…
Collective Rituals, Emotional Climate and Intergroup Perception: Participation in “Gacaca” Tribunals and Assimilation of the Rwandan Genocide
Fifty survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and 50 prisoners accused of being responsible of genocidal acts completed four scales 45 days before and 45 days after their participation to a gacaca trial. The scales assessed (1) negative emotions presently felt with regard to the genocide, (2) perceived emotional climate, (3) negative stereotypes of the outgroup, and (4) perceived similarity among outgroup members. Building upon Durkheim's (1912)…
The impact of Gacaca tribunals in Rwanda: Psychosocial effects of participation in a truth and reconciliation process after a genocide
Victims ( N = 200) of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and prisoners ( N = 184) accused of genocidal acts reported their genocide‐related emotions and outgroup perceptions before and after their participation to Truth and Reconciliation Gacaca trials. So did control groups of victims ( N = 195) and prisoners ( N = 176) not yet exposed to Gacaca. The data supported Durkheim's model of social rituals as cultural tools for transforming emotions, reassert…
The social sharing of emotions in HIV/Aids: A comparative study of HIV/Aids, diabetic and cancer patients
Studies have shown that chronic illness patients encounter difficulties in the social sharing of emotions. Do HIV/AIDS patients present distinguishing traits in the inhibition of illness and non-illness-related emotions? The differences in the social sharing of emotion between 35 HIV/AIDS, 35 diabetic and 34 cancer outpatients were studied. A questionnaire assessed illness-related emotions, social sharing of emotion and emotional inhibition. The …
Keeping Emotional Memories Secret: Health and Subjective Well-being when Emotions are not Shared
The present study investigated two predictions derived from inhibition theory. It was hypothesized that emotional secrecy has a negative impact on (1) physical and (2) subjective well-being. Also, the study examined whether the relation holds when controlling for negative affectivity (NA), a variable that can be assumed to mediate the relation between emotional secrecy and physical and subjective well-being. Consistent with the hypothesis, emotio…
Verbalization of Emotion in Chronic Pain Patients and their Psychological Adjustment
Little attention has been paid to the issue of emotional verbalization in people undergoing chronic situations. We addressed this issue in the present study focusing on chronic pain patients. Our study investigated the verbalization of their health-related emotions, as well as the role of interpersonal variables on patients' disclosure, and their relation to their psychological adjustment. Results indicate that chronic pain patients talk more fre…
Social schemata of peripheral changes in emotion
Psychophysiological research failed to establish consistent physiological patterns differentiating emotion. Recent data showed that people verbally report experiencing peripheral changes that differ among emotions. The present studies tested the hypothesis that these reports originate in social schemata. Study 1 showed that Ss' reports of peripheral changes experienced during actual emotion do not differ from those defined in social schemata. Stu…
The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables
The study intended to test a number of implications of the alleged communicative functions of nonverbal behaviours. Four sets of specific hypotheses were defined under the general expectation of important effects of the suppression of visible behaviours from a channel of communication. Pairs of subjects were requested to interact either face‐to‐face or through a wooden screen depriving them of reciprocal visibility. Dependent variables comprised …
Trust, Individual Guilt, Collective Guilt and Dispositions Toward Reconciliation Among Rwandan Survivors and Prisoners Before and After Their Participation in Postgenocide Gacaca Courts in Rwanda
A field experiment compared the level of personal and collective guilt in survivors (N = 200) and accused perpetrators (N = 184) of the Rwandan genocide before and after participation in Gacaca community courts and in control groups of survivors (N = 195) and prisoners (N = 179) who did not participate in Gacaca. Participation in Gacaca led to a marked reduction in survivors’ personal and collective guilt and to an increase in prisoners' personal…
Predicting Cognitive and Social Consequences of Emotional Episodes: The Contribution of Emotional Intensity, the Five Factor Model, and Alexithymia
Quality of social sharing of emotions alleviates job burnout: The role of meaning of work
Past research has demonstrated that finding meaning in work is a dynamic process during interactions with colleagues and supervisors and protects against job burnout. At the same time, past studies have shown that the need to achieve meaning motivates people to share their emotions. Building on this, we hypothesized that workers who have more experience of quality social sharing of emotions about their work with relatives, colleagues, and supervi…
A social psychological perspective on World War II collaboration in the 21st century: A Belgian case
The present study addresses antecedents and consequences of attitudes towards collaboration in the context of World War II (WWII) in Belgium. A survey conducted on 922 Belgian French‐ and Dutch‐speaking participants shows that, on overall, Dutch‐speakers perceive collaboration as more moral and support amnesty of the former collaborators at a higher level than their Francophone counterparts. In addition, we show that these attitudes are predicted…
How Transitional Justice Processes and Official Apologies Influence Reconciliation: The Case of the Chilean ‘Truth and Reconciliation’ and ‘Political Imprisonment and Torture’ Commissions
Perceptions of the ‘Truth and Reconciliation’ and ‘Political Imprisonment and Torture’ commissions and related beliefs, emotions and socio‐emotional climate were analysed in people affected and unaffected by past political violence in Chile ( N = 1278). People directly affected regard institutional apologies as less sincere and effective, and they were more critical of the commissions. Those who have a positive appraisal of the commissions, compa…
Social Sharing of Emotion in Anticipation of Cardiac Surgery: Effects on Preoperative Distress
This study examined associations between social sharing of emotions, social support and preoperative psychological distress. Social sharing was operationalized in terms of quantity and quality. Quantity of social sharing was measured daily using a diary method. Quality of social sharing was measured with the Quality of Sharing Inventory. Participants were 157 hospitalized Greek patients. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that controlling fo…
Contributions of group identification and emotional synchrony in understanding collective gatherings: A meta-analysis of 13 studies
The present research aims to explore the relationship between group identification and emotional synchronization in a series of collective gatherings and evaluate their respective effects on key social-psychological variables. Thirteen studies were conducted in highly varied contexts, studying naturally happening phenomena, and focusing on a wide range of collective gatherings ( N = 2,260 participants). The results of factor analyses and a random…
Visual Behaviour in Social Interaction: The Validity of Eye‐contact Assessments Under Different Conditions of Observation
On each session of the experiment, each of five subjects was assigned to act as either gaze‐sender (GS), gaze‐receiver (GR), direct‐sight observer (DSO), TV observer (TVO) or one‐way mirror observer (OWO). The GS had to look into the GR's eyes each time he received prerecorded signal through earphones. The GR and the three observers recorded GS's eye‐gaze behaviour. Two conditions of distance between GR and GS were included. Results showed that (…
Overt and covert personality traits associated with coronary heart disease
Some authors suggested the existence of contradictory traits in the personality pattern associated with coronary heart disease: while presenting overt, active, adult‐like traits, coronary subjects would be, at a more covert or repressed level, characterized by passive and infantile tendencies. To test this hypothesis, coronary and control subjects were submitted to three types of personality questionnaire, each of them measuring the same four per…
The elimination of visible behaviour from social interactions: Effects on verbal, nonverbal and interpersonal variables
The study intended to test a number of implications of the alleged communicative functions of nonverbal behaviours. Four sets of specific hypotheses were defined under the general expectation of important effects of the suppression of visible behaviours from a channel of communication. Pairs of subjects were requested to interact either face‐to‐face or through a wooden screen depriving them of reciprocal visibility. Dependent variables comprised …
The growing field of nonverbal behaviour: A review of twelve books on nonverbal behaviour and nonverbal communication
This book review covers two monographs and ten edited books, mostly psychological in orientation and centered on current research questions about nonverbal behaviour or nonverbal communication. The edited books comprised 213 contributors. In each case, the reader is informed about the origin of the book, its main emphasis, the kind of topics covered, the nature of the material presented (whether theoretical discussions, reviews of research, resea…
Recherches sur les facteurs émotionnels et comportementaux impliqués dans l'étiologie des troubles des coronaires
Social schemata of peripheral changes in emotion
Psychophysiological research failed to establish consistent physiological patterns differentiating emotion. Recent data showed that people verbally report experiencing peripheral changes that differ among emotions. The present studies tested the hypothesis that these reports originate in social schemata. Study 1 showed that Ss' reports of peripheral changes experienced during actual emotion do not differ from those defined in social schemata. Stu…
Beyond the emotional event: Six studies on the social sharing of emotion
We argue that emotion cannot only be conceived of as a short-lived and intrapersonal phenomenon. Rather, based on five theoretical arguments, we propose that the social sharing of an emotional experience forms an integral part of the emotional processes. A series of six studies investigated different aspects of this hypothesis. Study 1 showed that an overwhelming majority of people reported sharing their emotional experiences and that the memorie…
Long-lasting Cognitive and Social Consequences of Emotion: Social Sharing and Rumination
It is proposed that emotion has long-lasting cognitive and social consequences as it is observed for traumatic events. Indeed, emotion, like trauma, is characterized by a sudden disruption of the normal course of events, challenging people's belief systems about themselves and the world and calling for extensive cognitive and social processing. We propose that mental rumination and social sharing constitute fundamental aspects of this processing.…
Stereotypes of emotional expressiveness of Northerners and Southerners: A cross-cultural test of Montesquieu's hypotheses
Montesquieu argued that residents of warmer climates are more emotionally expressive than those living in cooler ones. More than 2,900 college students from 26 countries completed a brief questionnaire assessing the degree to which they considered Northerners and Southerners within their own countries to be emotionally expressive. In addition, individuals rated themselves on their own degree of expressiveness. In partial confirmation of Montesqui…
Exposure to the social sharing of emotion: Emotional impact, listener responses and secondary social sharing
In line with evidence showing that emotion involves a social sharing process in which the subject communicates about emotional experience, this article examines the impact of being exposed to such communications. First, it was predicted that being exposed to the social sharing of an emotion is emotion-inducing. Second, it was reasoned that if this holds true, then the listener should later engage in socially sharing with other persons the emotion…
Social Sharing of Emotion: New Evidence and New Questions
Rimé et al. (1992) showed that most emotional experiences are shared with others shortly after they occurred. They proposed that social sharing represents an integral part of emotional experiences. The present chapter examines the generalizability of the phenomenon across various research procedures that overcome the limits of previous studies. Existing findings are extended to children and older populations, and individual and cultural differenc…
Keeping Emotional Memories Secret: Health and Subjective Well-being when Emotions are not Shared
The present study investigated two predictions derived from inhibition theory. It was hypothesized that emotional secrecy has a negative impact on (1) physical and (2) subjective well-being. Also, the study examined whether the relation holds when controlling for negative affectivity (NA), a variable that can be assumed to mediate the relation between emotional secrecy and physical and subjective well-being. Consistent with the hypothesis, emotio…
Predicting Cognitive and Social Consequences of Emotional Episodes: The Contribution of Emotional Intensity, the Five Factor Model, and Alexithymia
Faut-il parler de ses émotions
La culture militaire prédispose, dans un contexte donné, à la formation d’une culture stratégique. Cette dernière, parce qu’elle est un système vivant, dynamique, ouvert au monde, apparaît hybride. Cet article saisit le processus de formation d’une culture stratégique postcoloniale, et s’interroge sur son harmonie avec le concept de défense secrété
Avec qui partageons-nous nos émotions
A qui nous confions-nous lorsque nous traversons un evenement qui nous marque emotionnellement? Un certain nombre de travaux psychologiques montrent que le partage social des emotions varie fortement selon notreâge et notre sexe
Verbalization of Emotion in Chronic Pain Patients and their Psychological Adjustment
Little attention has been paid to the issue of emotional verbalization in people undergoing chronic situations. We addressed this issue in the present study focusing on chronic pain patients. Our study investigated the verbalization of their health-related emotions, as well as the role of interpersonal variables on patients' disclosure, and their relation to their psychological adjustment. Results indicate that chronic pain patients talk more fre…
Social Sharing of Emotion in Anticipation of Cardiac Surgery: Effects on Preoperative Distress
This study examined associations between social sharing of emotions, social support and preoperative psychological distress. Social sharing was operationalized in terms of quantity and quality. Quantity of social sharing was measured daily using a diary method. Quality of social sharing was measured with the Quality of Sharing Inventory. Participants were 157 hospitalized Greek patients. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that controlling fo…
Collective Rituals, Emotional Climate and Intergroup Perception: Participation in “Gacaca” Tribunals and Assimilation of the Rwandan Genocide
Fifty survivors of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and 50 prisoners accused of being responsible of genocidal acts completed four scales 45 days before and 45 days after their participation to a gacaca trial. The scales assessed (1) negative emotions presently felt with regard to the genocide, (2) perceived emotional climate, (3) negative stereotypes of the outgroup, and (4) perceived similarity among outgroup members. Building upon Durkheim's (1912)…
The Social Sharing of Emotion as an Interface Between Individual and Collective Processes in the Construction of Emotional Climates
The study of private emotional experiences reveals that an emotion is typically followed by social sharing. Additionally, the target's responses stimulate the sharing person's emotional expression. The reciprocal stimulation of interactants favors empathy and emotional communion. Consequences are two‐fold: (1) the sharing process reactivates emotional arousal in both agent and target, and (2) it strengthens social bonds. Sharing targets also shar…
Emotion Elicits the Social Sharing of Emotion: Theory and Empirical Review
This review demonstrates that an individualist view of emotion and regulation is untenable. First, I question the plausibility of a developmental shift away from social interdependency in emotion regulation. Second, I show that there are multiple reasons for emotional experiences in adults to elicit a process of social sharing of emotion, and I review the supporting evidence. Third, I look at effects that emotion sharing entails at the interperso…
Social sharing of emotion, post‐traumatic growth, and emotional climate: Follow‐up of Spanish citizen's response to the collective trauma of March 11th terrorist attacks in Madrid
A questionnaire measuring social sharing of emotion, coping, intensity of emotions and rumination related to March 11th (2004) terrorist attacks in Madrid, emotional climate, social integration, and post‐traumatic growth was completed by 644 students and their relatives (38%) in 5 Spanish regions and 8 universities 1 week, 3 weeks, and 8 weeks after the terrorist act. Results supported a two‐sided model of the effects of social sharing of emotion…
The impact of Gacaca tribunals in Rwanda: Psychosocial effects of participation in a truth and reconciliation process after a genocide
Victims ( N = 200) of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and prisoners ( N = 184) accused of genocidal acts reported their genocide‐related emotions and outgroup perceptions before and after their participation to Truth and Reconciliation Gacaca trials. So did control groups of victims ( N = 195) and prisoners ( N = 176) not yet exposed to Gacaca. The data supported Durkheim's model of social rituals as cultural tools for transforming emotions, reassert…
The temporal evolution of social sharing of emotions and its consequences on emotional recovery: A longitudinal study
After an emotional episode individuals need to talk about their experiences in a repetitive process called social sharing of emotions. In the present study we adopted a longitudinal design over a 9-month period to achieve 2 main goals: First, we aimed to investigate the relationship between social sharing and recovery from an initial emotional experience; second, we tested a model of prediction of the perpetuation of social sharing over time. Fin…
Beyond the myth of venting: Social sharing modes determine the benefits of emotional disclosure
When individuals experience an emotion, they talk about it afterwards. A popular ‘emotional venting’ belief claims that doing so dissolves the emotional impact. This study tested a model of when and how sharing emotions is beneficial. It predicts that benefits vary according to the listener's response mode. A socio‐affective (empathic) mode was expected to buffer emotional distress temporarily. A cognitive (reframing) mode was anticipated to gran…
Negative emotional experiences arouse rumination and affect working memory capacity
Following an emotional experience, individuals are confronted with the persistence of ruminative thoughts that disturb the undertaking of other activities. In the present study, we experimentally tested the idea that experiencing a negative emotion triggers a ruminative process that drains working memory (WM) resources normally devoted to other tasks. Undergraduate participants of high versus low WM capacity were administered the operation-word m…
Psychology (41 works) · Social Psychology (35 works) · Developmental psychology (17 works) · Social Psychology (17 works) · Mental Health via Writing (12 works) · Political science (11 works) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (11 works) · Cognitive psychology (10 works) · Cultural Differences and Values (9 works) · Emotions and Moral Behavior (9 works)