James C Garand
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 198639 |
|---|---|
| NOME | James C Garand |
| PRENOMES | James C |
| SOBRENOME | Garand |
| ASSINATURA | GARAND J C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Louisiana State University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 43 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 849 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1984 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 17 |
Examining the Validity of Financial Knowledge Measures in a Context of Racialized Financial Market
Partisanship, Trump favorability, and changes in support for trade
Why has the relationship between partisan identification and Americans' trade attitudes shifted in recent years? We suggest that recent shifts in trade attitudes among partisans are driven by Donald Trump, who staked out a position on trade that is at odds with the position on trade traditionally held by Republicans. Using panel data from the Voter Study Group (VSG) surveys from 2011, 2016, and 2017, we conduct cross‐sectional analyses showing th…
Examining academic entitlement through the lens of field education
Scant literature exists on the topic of academic entitlement in the social work discipline, especially within the context of social work experiential learning, also known as field education. This dearth of literature prompted the present exploratory study examining the prevalence and identifying predictors of academic entitlement through the lens of field education. This study collected data via online surveys completed by master of social work (…
Trade‐Induced Job Loss and Support for Free Trade
Objective In this paper we consider the possible effects of contextual economic conditions (i.e., job losses attributed to trade, general unemployment) and subjective economic evaluations on how Americans think about international trade. Methods We use data from the 2016 Voter Study Group survey and from the 2016 American National Election Study, and we supplement these survey data with data on state contextual variables from the Bureau of Labor …
Kept Together by Faith
This study examines how religious beliefs, practices, and faith communities influence marriage and family life strengths in American Catholic and Orthodox Christian families. Qualitative, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 families (N = 47 individuals). Qualitative data analysis revealed themes categorized under the domains of general life strengths, marital strengths, and parenting strengths. Findings suggest that for th…
On the Gender Gap in Financial Knowledge
Objectives Past studies have consistently shown that women have lower levels of financial knowledge than men, and hence there is a noticeable gender gap in financial knowledge. We reconsider the conventional measures of financial knowledge by disentangling don't know (DK) responses and incorrect answers and comparing the effect of these two disparate responses’ on the gender gap in financial knowledge. Methods Using data from the 2012 National Fi…
Immigration Attitudes and Support for the Welfare State in the American Mass Public
In this article, we explore the relationship between Americans’ attitudes toward immigrants and immigration and their attitudes toward welfare. Using data from the Cumulative American National Election Study from 1992 to 2012, we find ample evidence of the influence of immigration attitudes on both individuals’ attitudes toward welfare recipients and their attitudes toward increased welfare spending. These immigration effects persist even in the …
Science, Scientists, and Local Weather
Objective To explore the effects of long‐term climate trends and short‐term weather fluctuations, evaluations of scientists and science, political predispositions, religious affiliation, the information environment, and demographic attributes on individuals’ views about whether global warming exists and, if so, whether it is a result of natural cycles or human activity. Methods We use data from the 2009 Pew General Public Science Survey, along wi…
Imported Inequality? Immigration and Income Inequality in the American States
In this article, we use data from the American states from 1996 to 2008 to explore the effects of immigration on income inequality. Empirical evidence from both static and dynamic models shows that the foreign-born population has a strong positive effect on state-level income inequality, even when we control for a range of federal and state political and economic contextual variables. We also find that the positive relationship between immigratio…
Religion and Attitudes toward Redistributive Policies among Americans
Scholars have devoted considerable attention to understanding how individuals’ political and economic attitudes shape their views toward government policies designed to alleviate growing income inequality in the United States. However, much less attention has been paid to the question of how religion shapes Americans’ attitudes toward income inequality and redistributive policies. Using data drawn from the 2013 Economic Values Survey conducted by…
Skin Tone and Individuals' Perceptions of Commonality and Competition with Other Racial and Ethnic Groups
Weather, Climate, and the Economy
Two series of national survey datasets (2001–10), supplemented with monthly temperature and precipitation data and unemployment data, are used to examine how weather and climate, economic performance, and individuals’ sociodemographic backgrounds and political orientations affect public perceptions of global warming. Consistent with previous studies, political orientations play a key role in determining public perceptions of global warming. Democ…
Political learning during the 2000 U.S. presidential election
Ranking Scholarly Publishers in Political Science
Previous research has documented how political scientists evaluate and rank scholarly journals, but the evaluation and ranking of scholarly book publishers has drawn less attention. In this article, we use data from a survey of 603 American political scientists to generate a ranking of scholarly publishers in political science. We used open-ended questions to ask respondents to identify those scholarly publishers (1) to which they would submit “a…
Income Inequality, Party Polarization, and Roll-Call Voting in the U.S. Senate
McCarty, Poole, and Rosenthal (2006) demonstrate that political parties—both in the electorate and in government—become more ideologically polarized during periods of high income inequality, while differences between the parties wane during periods of relative equality of incomes. I suggest that the processes described by McCarty, Poole, and Rosenthal at the national level are applicable to the American state electorates and their elected represe…
Economic Context and Americans' Perceptions of Income Inequality
Objectives. The increase in income inequality in the United States over the past three decades has been well documented, though Americans differ in their perceptions of rising inequality. In this article we investigate the degree to which context shapes individuals' perceptions of rising income inequality in the United States. Methods. Using objective data on state‐level income inequality and survey data from the 2004 American National Election S…
Divided Loyalties? Understanding Variation in Latino Attitudes Toward Immigration
Objective. In this article, we develop and test a model of competing theoretical explanations of Latino attitudes toward immigration; specifically examining their policy preferences on legal immigration, illegal immigration, and a proposed policy for dealing with illegal immigrants. We also consider whether Latino attitudes toward legal and illegal immigration are related and comprise a single coherent structure. Method. Using data from a 2004 na…
Morality, Equality, or Locality
In this article, the authors develop a model in which they depict individuals’ support for same-sex marriage as a function of several clusters of independent variables, including symbolic politics, moral and religious attitudes and attachments, feelings toward gays and lesbians, women’s rights and gender roles, concern for minority and civil rights, demographic attributes, and the local context. Using data from the 2004 American National Election…
Comparative Journal Ratings
The expert survey and bibliometric methods of assessing the quality of work in political science are complementary. This project builds on previous surveys of academic political science journals conducted among US political scientists. The current wave extends the survey to political scientists in Canada and the UK. Preliminary results suggest both similarities and differences across the three countries. These results matter for policy debate in …
Ranking Political Science Journals
Academic journals play a key role in the dissemination of scholarly knowledge in the social sciences. Hence, publication in journals is critical evidence of scholarly performance for both individuals and the departments that they populate. While in the best of worlds each scholar's performance would be evaluated based on a close reading of his/her published journal articles, in the actual practices of hiring, tenure and promotion review, and depa…
Determinants of invalid voting in Latin America
Legislative Activity and the 1994 Republican Takeover
Is sponsorship and cosponsorship behavior by U.S. House members responsive to which party controls the chamber? The Republican takeover of the U.S. House in 1995 provides an ideal natural experiment to test whether House members are more or less likely to sponsor and cosponsor legislation as a function of their majority or minority party status. We suggest that changes in control of the House created a set of institutional incentives that shifted…
Integration and Fragmentation in Political Science
Political science is generally thought of as a discipline with strong divisions and often intense patterns of disagreement, most of which are driven by political scientists’ subfield and methodological orientations. In this address I explore subfield and methodological cleavages in political science as they relate to patterns of scholarly communication—in particular, in how political scientists differ in the value that they give to various politi…
Horizontal Diffusion, Vertical Diffusion, and Internal Pressure in State Environmental Policymaking, 1989-1998
Throughout the 1980s, states developed policies to address the growing problem of abandoned and uncontrolled hazardouswaste sites. Not surprisingly, some states have adopted stringent policies that are similar to the federal Superfund program, whereas others have developed different approaches. In this article, we develop and test empirically a model of the strength of state hazardouswaste programs, which we depict as a function of both internal …
Explaining Voter Turnout in Latin America, 1980 to 2000
Previous cross-national research on voter turnout has focused attention primarily on Western industrial democracies, with relatively little attention paid to turnout in developing countries. In this article, the authors extend the research program on comparative voter turnout to presidential and legislative elections held in Latin American countries from 1980 to 2000. Building on previous research, the authors estimate a series of models that rep…
Explaining Voter Turnout in Latin America, 1980 to 2000
Previous cross-national research on voter turnout has focused attention primarily on Western industrial democracies, with relatively little attention paid to turnout in developing countries. In this article, the authors extend the research program on comparative voter turnout to presidential and legislative elections held in Latin American countries from 1980 to 2000. Building on previous research, the authors estimate a series of models that rep…
Immigration Attitudes and Support for the Welfare State in the American Mass Public
In this article, we explore the relationship between Americans’ attitudes toward immigrants and immigration and their attitudes toward welfare. Using data from the Cumulative American National Election Study from 1992 to 2012, we find ample evidence of the influence of immigration attitudes on both individuals’ attitudes toward welfare recipients and their attitudes toward increased welfare spending. These immigration effects persist even in the …
Determinants of invalid voting in Latin America
Explaining Government Growth in the U.S. States
Despite the explosive increase in the research program on government growth in recent years, little work has been done on government growth disaggregated to the subnational level. I examine the empirical validity of five competing models of government growth for the fifty U.S. states from 1945 to 1984: Wagner's Law, fiscal illusion, party control, bureau voting, and intergovernmental grant. Government size is defined in terms of state government …
Homo Economus? Economic Information and Economic Voting
Although retrospective economic voting does not require voters to have precise information about recent economic conditions, it is arguably the case that the quality of retrospective voting as a democratic accountability mechanism hinges on the degree to which citizens have reasonably accu rate perceptions of the state of the economy In this paper we test a model of the accuracy of individuals' perceptions of national economic condi tions. Utiliz…
Changes in the Vote Margins for Congressional Candidates
Recent research on House elections has focused on the decline in congressional competition since the mid-1960s. However, this body of research suffers from three major problems: 1) an imprecise specification of the nature of change in the degree of congressional competition, 2) its exclusive reliance on a limited time frame, which calls into question the generalizability and adequacy of its explanations, and 3) its overemphasis on incumbency-orie…
Horizontal Diffusion, Vertical Diffusion, and Internal Pressure in State Environmental Policymaking, 1989-1998
Throughout the 1980s, states developed policies to address the growing problem of abandoned and uncontrolled hazardouswaste sites. Not surprisingly, some states have adopted stringent policies that are similar to the federal Superfund program, whereas others have developed different approaches. In this article, we develop and test empirically a model of the strength of state hazardouswaste programs, which we depict as a function of both internal …
Morality, Equality, or Locality
In this article, the authors develop a model in which they depict individuals’ support for same-sex marriage as a function of several clusters of independent variables, including symbolic politics, moral and religious attitudes and attachments, feelings toward gays and lesbians, women’s rights and gender roles, concern for minority and civil rights, demographic attributes, and the local context. Using data from the 2004 American National Election…
Economic Context and Americans' Perceptions of Income Inequality
Objectives. The increase in income inequality in the United States over the past three decades has been well documented, though Americans differ in their perceptions of rising inequality. In this article we investigate the degree to which context shapes individuals' perceptions of rising income inequality in the United States. Methods. Using objective data on state‐level income inequality and survey data from the 2004 American National Election S…
Electoral Marginality in State Legislative Elections, 1968-86
Divided Loyalties? Understanding Variation in Latino Attitudes Toward Immigration
Objective. In this article, we develop and test a model of competing theoretical explanations of Latino attitudes toward immigration; specifically examining their policy preferences on legal immigration, illegal immigration, and a proposed policy for dealing with illegal immigrants. We also consider whether Latino attitudes toward legal and illegal immigration are related and comprise a single coherent structure. Method. Using data from a 2004 na…
Legislative Activity and the 1994 Republican Takeover
Is sponsorship and cosponsorship behavior by U.S. House members responsive to which party controls the chamber? The Republican takeover of the U.S. House in 1995 provides an ideal natural experiment to test whether House members are more or less likely to sponsor and cosponsor legislation as a function of their majority or minority party status. We suggest that changes in control of the House created a set of institutional incentives that shifted…
Localism and Regionalism in Presidential Elections
NE major tenet of folk wisdom in American national politics suggests the importance of geographic considerations in the determination of presidential nominations and final election outcomes. According to the conventional wisdom, presidential and vice-presidential nominees of the two major political parties must be selected with great attention paid to potential home state and regional advantages that might be brought to the party presidential tic…
Comparative Journal Ratings
The expert survey and bibliometric methods of assessing the quality of work in political science are complementary. This project builds on previous surveys of academic political science journals conducted among US political scientists. The current wave extends the survey to political scientists in Canada and the UK. Preliminary results suggest both similarities and differences across the three countries. These results matter for policy debate in …
Journals in the Discipline
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at
Religion and Attitudes toward Redistributive Policies among Americans
Scholars have devoted considerable attention to understanding how individuals’ political and economic attitudes shape their views toward government policies designed to alleviate growing income inequality in the United States. However, much less attention has been paid to the question of how religion shapes Americans’ attitudes toward income inequality and redistributive policies. Using data drawn from the 2013 Economic Values Survey conducted by…
Integration and Fragmentation in Political Science
Political science is generally thought of as a discipline with strong divisions and often intense patterns of disagreement, most of which are driven by political scientists’ subfield and methodological orientations. In this address I explore subfield and methodological cleavages in political science as they relate to patterns of scholarly communication—in particular, in how political scientists differ in the value that they give to various politi…
Race, Roll Calls, and Redistricting
The congressional redistricting following the 1990 Census resulted in the creation of a number of majority-minority congressional districts. While the descriptive representation of various minority groups in the U.S. House was increased as a result, there is some question about how these changes affected the roll-call behavior of incumbent House members whose districts underwent a change in racial composition following redistricting. We explore t…
Imported Inequality? Immigration and Income Inequality in the American States
In this article, we use data from the American states from 1996 to 2008 to explore the effects of immigration on income inequality. Empirical evidence from both static and dynamic models shows that the foreign-born population has a strong positive effect on state-level income inequality, even when we control for a range of federal and state political and economic contextual variables. We also find that the positive relationship between immigratio…
The Vanishing Marginals, 1824-1980
Recent research on House elections has focused on the decline in marginal districts since the mid-1960s. However, this body of research suffers from two major problems: (1) its exclusive reliance on a limited time frame which calls into question the generalizability and adequacy of its explanations; and (2) its overemphasis on incumbency-oriented explanations. Using aggregate electoral data to examine trends in electoral safety from 1824 to 1980,…
Expenditure Tradeoffs in the American States
Over the years, numerous scholars have explored the degree to which there are tradeoffs between defense and domestic (mostly welfare) spending in the United States and other Western democracies (Russett 1970, 1982; Perroff and Podalak-Warren 1979; Domke, Eichenberg, and Kelleher 1983; Fischer and Kamlet 1984; Kamlet and Mowery 1987; Mintz 1989). While there is substantial scholarly disagreement about how tradeoffs among expenditure categories are…
Ranking Political Science Journals
Academic journals play a key role in the dissemination of scholarly knowledge in the social sciences. Hence, publication in journals is critical evidence of scholarly performance for both individuals and the departments that they populate. While in the best of worlds each scholar's performance would be evaluated based on a close reading of his/her published journal articles, in the actual practices of hiring, tenure and promotion review, and depa…
Notes and Comments
In recent years the study of divided government has been a growth industry. Numerous scholars have sought to explain patterns of divided government in the United States, while others have attempted to explore the consequences of the phenomenon. No doubt this scholarly interest in the subject is due in large part to the attention paid by the political media to divided control of the presidency and Congress during the 1980s, as well as the resultin…
Political learning during the 2000 U.S. presidential election
Kept Together by Faith
This study examines how religious beliefs, practices, and faith communities influence marriage and family life strengths in American Catholic and Orthodox Christian families. Qualitative, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 families (N = 47 individuals). Qualitative data analysis revealed themes categorized under the domains of general life strengths, marital strengths, and parenting strengths. Findings suggest that for th…
The Vanishing Marginals, 1824-1980
Recent research on House elections has focused on the decline in marginal districts since the mid-1960s. However, this body of research suffers from two major problems: (1) its exclusive reliance on a limited time frame which calls into question the generalizability and adequacy of its explanations; and (2) its overemphasis on incumbency-oriented explanations. Using aggregate electoral data to examine trends in electoral safety from 1824 to 1980,…
Changes in the Vote Margins for Congressional Candidates
Recent research on House elections has focused on the decline in congressional competition since the mid-1960s. However, this body of research suffers from three major problems: 1) an imprecise specification of the nature of change in the degree of congressional competition, 2) its exclusive reliance on a limited time frame, which calls into question the generalizability and adequacy of its explanations, and 3) its overemphasis on incumbency-orie…
Handbook of Legislative Research. Gerhard Loewenberg , Samuel C. Patterson , Malcolm E. Jewell
Explaining Government Growth in the U.S. States
Despite the explosive increase in the research program on government growth in recent years, little work has been done on government growth disaggregated to the subnational level. I examine the empirical validity of five competing models of government growth for the fifty U.S. states from 1945 to 1984: Wagner's Law, fiscal illusion, party control, bureau voting, and intergovernmental grant. Government size is defined in terms of state government …
The Socialization to Partisan Legislative Behavior
James C. Garand, The Socialization to Partisan Legislative Behavior: An Extension of Sinclair's Task Force Socialization Thesis, The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Jun., 1988), pp. 391-400
Localism and Regionalism in Presidential Elections
NE major tenet of folk wisdom in American national politics suggests the importance of geographic considerations in the determination of presidential nominations and final election outcomes. According to the conventional wisdom, presidential and vice-presidential nominees of the two major political parties must be selected with great attention paid to potential home state and regional advantages that might be brought to the party presidential tic…
An Alternative Interpretation of Recent Political Science Journal Evaluations
In their recent article in PS, Giles, Mizell, and Patterson (1989) provide a long-awaited update of an earlier article (Giles and Wright, 1975) on subjective evaluations by political scientists of a wide range of social science journals. In both articles, Giles and his collaborators sent questionnaires to a random sample of political scientists, asking them to rate each of the journals with which they were familiar on a scale from 0 to 10 with 0 …
Representation, Swing, and Bias in U.S. Presidential Elections, 1872-1988
In this paper we extend the research program on the seats-votes relationship to the U.S. electoral college. Borrowing liberally from the work of King and Browning (1987), we develop measures of representational form and partisan bias in the relationship between popular vote proportions and electoral vote proportions for each presidential election from 1872 to 1988. Two major findings emerge from our analysis: (1) the electoral college is dominate…
Electoral Marginality in State Legislative Elections, 1968-86
Expenditure Tradeoffs in the American States
Over the years, numerous scholars have explored the degree to which there are tradeoffs between defense and domestic (mostly welfare) spending in the United States and other Western democracies (Russett 1970, 1982; Perroff and Podalak-Warren 1979; Domke, Eichenberg, and Kelleher 1983; Fischer and Kamlet 1984; Kamlet and Mowery 1987; Mintz 1989). While there is substantial scholarly disagreement about how tradeoffs among expenditure categories are…
Changing Patterns of Relative State Economic Growth over Time
James C. Garand, Changing Patterns of Relative State Economic Growth over Time: Limitations on Cross-Sectional Tests of Olson's Thesis, The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 45, No. 2 (Jun., 1992), pp. 469-483
Homo Economus? Economic Information and Economic Voting
Although retrospective economic voting does not require voters to have precise information about recent economic conditions, it is arguably the case that the quality of retrospective voting as a democratic accountability mechanism hinges on the degree to which citizens have reasonably accu rate perceptions of the state of the economy In this paper we test a model of the accuracy of individuals' perceptions of national economic condi tions. Utiliz…
Ranking Political Science Departments
Notes and Comments
In recent years the study of divided government has been a growth industry. Numerous scholars have sought to explain patterns of divided government in the United States, while others have attempted to explore the consequences of the phenomenon. No doubt this scholarly interest in the subject is due in large part to the attention paid by the political media to divided control of the presidency and Congress during the 1980s, as well as the resultin…
Race, Roll Calls, and Redistricting
The congressional redistricting following the 1990 Census resulted in the creation of a number of majority-minority congressional districts. While the descriptive representation of various minority groups in the U.S. House was increased as a result, there is some question about how these changes affected the roll-call behavior of incumbent House members whose districts underwent a change in racial composition following redistricting. We explore t…
Race-Based Redistricting, Core Constituencies, and Legislative Responsiveness to Constituency Change
Race‐Based Redistricting, Core Constituencies, and Legislative Responsiveness to Constituency Change
Objective. Fenno (1978), Wright (1989), and other scholars suggest that legislators will be particularly responsive to various subgroups in their constituency, i.e., what might be termed the “core constituency.” We explore the degree to which Republican and Democrat House incumbents respond differently to changes in the racial composition of their districts brought about by redistricting. We speculate that (1) Democrat House incumbents will be mo…
Journals in the Discipline
Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at
Explaining Voter Turnout in Latin America, 1980 to 2000
Previous cross-national research on voter turnout has focused attention primarily on Western industrial democracies, with relatively little attention paid to turnout in developing countries. In this article, the authors extend the research program on comparative voter turnout to presidential and legislative elections held in Latin American countries from 1980 to 2000. Building on previous research, the authors estimate a series of models that rep…
Integration and Fragmentation in Political Science
Political science is generally thought of as a discipline with strong divisions and often intense patterns of disagreement, most of which are driven by political scientists’ subfield and methodological orientations. In this address I explore subfield and methodological cleavages in political science as they relate to patterns of scholarly communication—in particular, in how political scientists differ in the value that they give to various politi…
Horizontal Diffusion, Vertical Diffusion, and Internal Pressure in State Environmental Policymaking, 1989-1998
Throughout the 1980s, states developed policies to address the growing problem of abandoned and uncontrolled hazardouswaste sites. Not surprisingly, some states have adopted stringent policies that are similar to the federal Superfund program, whereas others have developed different approaches. In this article, we develop and test empirically a model of the strength of state hazardouswaste programs, which we depict as a function of both internal …
Legislative Activity and the 1994 Republican Takeover
Is sponsorship and cosponsorship behavior by U.S. House members responsive to which party controls the chamber? The Republican takeover of the U.S. House in 1995 provides an ideal natural experiment to test whether House members are more or less likely to sponsor and cosponsor legislation as a function of their majority or minority party status. We suggest that changes in control of the House created a set of institutional incentives that shifted…
Ranking Political Science Journals
Academic journals play a key role in the dissemination of scholarly knowledge in the social sciences. Hence, publication in journals is critical evidence of scholarly performance for both individuals and the departments that they populate. While in the best of worlds each scholar's performance would be evaluated based on a close reading of his/her published journal articles, in the actual practices of hiring, tenure and promotion review, and depa…
Determinants of invalid voting in Latin America
Comparative Journal Ratings
The expert survey and bibliometric methods of assessing the quality of work in political science are complementary. This project builds on previous surveys of academic political science journals conducted among US political scientists. The current wave extends the survey to political scientists in Canada and the UK. Preliminary results suggest both similarities and differences across the three countries. These results matter for policy debate in …
Political science (36 obras) · Law (29 obras) · Economics (27 obras) · Politics (25 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (18 obras) · Law (15 obras) · Psychology (15 obras) · Political economy (14 obras) · Demographic economics (13 obras)