Barbara A Sommer
Biographic Data
| ID | 201511 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Barbara A Sommer |
| GIVEN NAMES | Barbara A |
| FAMILY NAME | Sommer |
| SIGNATURE | SOMMER B A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Gettysburg College |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 11 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 28 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 11 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1983 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Jesuit Missionary Cartography of the Upper Amazon, 1689 to 1789, written by Irina Saladin
To Be at Peace: Indigenous Women, Interethnic Marriages, and Cunhamenas in Northwestern Amazonia, 1730-1755
Exogamous marriage among Northwest Amazonian peoples structured exchange networks, interethnic relations, and settlement patterns during eighteenth-century European imperial expansion. Exchange and reciprocity offered a path to social stability within a highly conflictive environment characterized by warfare and slaving. Arawakan, Cariban, and Tukanoan leaders and outsiders, among them men from Belém, the Portuguese capital of the State of Maranh…
The Admirable Adventures and Strange Fortunes of Master Anthony Knivet: An English Pirate in Sixteenth-Century Brazil
In 1591, young Anthony Knivet sailed west from London with the fleet of English privateer Thomas Cavendish bound for the Pacific to capture Spanish ships. En route, they sacked Santos and raided sugar plantations along coastal Brazil. Forced back by brutal weather in the Strait of Magellan, Cavendish, reduced to a single vessel, abandoned 20 sick sailors, Knivet among them, on the island of São Sebastião. Found there by the Portuguese, Knivet, a …
Amazons, Wives, Nuns, and Witches: Women and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822
This study provides a useful synthesis of scholarship on Roman Catholic Church institutions, policies, and values in relation to women in colonial Brazil. Ambitious in scope, it considers the ways in which church authorities, over the course of three centuries, promoted ideal Christian virtues and education for women, enforced expectations for their marriage or seclusion, and insisted on their religious conformity. Each of the six topical chapter…
Why Joanna Baptista Sold Herself into Slavery: Indian Women in Portuguese Amazonia, 1755–1798
In 1780, in Belém, Brazil, Joanna Baptista sold herself into slavery. This article probes Joanna's motives and situates her actions not only in the milieu of slaveholding Brazil, but also in the more specific context of Portuguese Amazonia during the Directorate (1758–1798). Indians, especially former slaves and their descendants, faced forced resettlement and increased labor demands. Joanna's case and contemporary petitions demonstrate how women…
Zoomorphy: Animal Metaphors for Human Personality
We conducted three studies on the use of nonhuman animals as metaphors (zoomorphs) for human personality characteristics. In Study 1 (n = 51) university students rated gender, age, and favorableness of 36 mammal names when applied metaphorically to a person. In Study 2, we searched 14 dictionaries of colloquial English and three dictionaries of animal phrases to locate zoomorphic use of these 36 animal species in describing human personality. In …
The Forbidden Lands: Colonial Identity, Frontier Violence, and the Persistence of Brazil's Eastern Indians, 1750-1830; Landscapes of Power and Identity: Comparative Histories in the Sonoran Desert and…
Book Review| October 01 2008 The Forbidden Lands: Colonial Identity, Frontier Violence, and the Persistence of Brazil's Eastern Indians, 1750-1830; Landscapes of Power and Identity: Comparative Histories in the Sonoran Desert and the Forests of Amazonia from Colony to Republic By Hal Langfur. (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006. $68.00 cloth.) By Cynthia Radding. (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005. $89.95 cloth; $24.95 paper.) Ba…
Cracking Down on the Cunhamenas: Renegade Amazonian Traders under Pombaline Reform
The 1750 Treaty of Madrid prompted Portuguese civil and ecclesiastical authorities under Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (later the Marquis of Pombal) to strengthen crown control of the Brazilian Amazon. Pombal's brother, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, governor and captain-general of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, and Bishop Fr. Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa sought to supplant the missionaries, especially the Jesuits, and rein in auton…
Colony of the Sertão: Amazonian Expeditions and the Indian Slave Trade
After expelling their European rivals from the Amazon in the early–seventeenth century, the Portuguese set about exploiting the principal assets of the vast basin—the indigenous inhabitants. As allies, converts, and slaves the native population provided the labor and much of the social fabric of the developing colony. While a variety of canoe-borne expeditions ventured ever farther up the main river and its tributaries seeking elusive gold, harve…
Mystery in Milwaukee: Early intervention, IQ, and psychology textbooks
Mystery in Milwaukee: Early intervention, IQ, and psychology textbooks
Le projet a debute en 1960. Il s'agissait d'un programme d'intervention pour des enfants presentant de graves risques d'arrieration mentale
Colony of the Sertão: Amazonian Expeditions and the Indian Slave Trade
After expelling their European rivals from the Amazon in the early–seventeenth century, the Portuguese set about exploiting the principal assets of the vast basin—the indigenous inhabitants. As allies, converts, and slaves the native population provided the labor and much of the social fabric of the developing colony. While a variety of canoe-borne expeditions ventured ever farther up the main river and its tributaries seeking elusive gold, harve…
Zoomorphy: Animal Metaphors for Human Personality
We conducted three studies on the use of nonhuman animals as metaphors (zoomorphs) for human personality characteristics. In Study 1 (n = 51) university students rated gender, age, and favorableness of 36 mammal names when applied metaphorically to a person. In Study 2, we searched 14 dictionaries of colloquial English and three dictionaries of animal phrases to locate zoomorphic use of these 36 animal species in describing human personality. In …
Cracking Down on the Cunhamenas: Renegade Amazonian Traders under Pombaline Reform
The 1750 Treaty of Madrid prompted Portuguese civil and ecclesiastical authorities under Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (later the Marquis of Pombal) to strengthen crown control of the Brazilian Amazon. Pombal's brother, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, governor and captain-general of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, and Bishop Fr. Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa sought to supplant the missionaries, especially the Jesuits, and rein in auton…
Why Joanna Baptista Sold Herself into Slavery: Indian Women in Portuguese Amazonia, 1755–1798
In 1780, in Belém, Brazil, Joanna Baptista sold herself into slavery. This article probes Joanna's motives and situates her actions not only in the milieu of slaveholding Brazil, but also in the more specific context of Portuguese Amazonia during the Directorate (1758–1798). Indians, especially former slaves and their descendants, faced forced resettlement and increased labor demands. Joanna's case and contemporary petitions demonstrate how women…
Mystery in Milwaukee: Early intervention, IQ, and psychology textbooks
Mystery in Milwaukee: Early intervention, IQ, and psychology textbooks
Le projet a debute en 1960. Il s'agissait d'un programme d'intervention pour des enfants presentant de graves risques d'arrieration mentale
Colony of the Sertão: Amazonian Expeditions and the Indian Slave Trade
After expelling their European rivals from the Amazon in the early–seventeenth century, the Portuguese set about exploiting the principal assets of the vast basin—the indigenous inhabitants. As allies, converts, and slaves the native population provided the labor and much of the social fabric of the developing colony. While a variety of canoe-borne expeditions ventured ever farther up the main river and its tributaries seeking elusive gold, harve…
Cracking Down on the Cunhamenas: Renegade Amazonian Traders under Pombaline Reform
The 1750 Treaty of Madrid prompted Portuguese civil and ecclesiastical authorities under Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (later the Marquis of Pombal) to strengthen crown control of the Brazilian Amazon. Pombal's brother, Francisco Xavier de Mendonça Furtado, governor and captain-general of the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, and Bishop Fr. Miguel de Bulhões e Sousa sought to supplant the missionaries, especially the Jesuits, and rein in auton…
The Forbidden Lands: Colonial Identity, Frontier Violence, and the Persistence of Brazil's Eastern Indians, 1750-1830; Landscapes of Power and Identity: Comparative Histories in the Sonoran Desert and…
Book Review| October 01 2008 The Forbidden Lands: Colonial Identity, Frontier Violence, and the Persistence of Brazil's Eastern Indians, 1750-1830; Landscapes of Power and Identity: Comparative Histories in the Sonoran Desert and the Forests of Amazonia from Colony to Republic By Hal Langfur. (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006. $68.00 cloth.) By Cynthia Radding. (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005. $89.95 cloth; $24.95 paper.) Ba…
Zoomorphy: Animal Metaphors for Human Personality
We conducted three studies on the use of nonhuman animals as metaphors (zoomorphs) for human personality characteristics. In Study 1 (n = 51) university students rated gender, age, and favorableness of 36 mammal names when applied metaphorically to a person. In Study 2, we searched 14 dictionaries of colloquial English and three dictionaries of animal phrases to locate zoomorphic use of these 36 animal species in describing human personality. In …
Why Joanna Baptista Sold Herself into Slavery: Indian Women in Portuguese Amazonia, 1755–1798
In 1780, in Belém, Brazil, Joanna Baptista sold herself into slavery. This article probes Joanna's motives and situates her actions not only in the milieu of slaveholding Brazil, but also in the more specific context of Portuguese Amazonia during the Directorate (1758–1798). Indians, especially former slaves and their descendants, faced forced resettlement and increased labor demands. Joanna's case and contemporary petitions demonstrate how women…
Amazons, Wives, Nuns, and Witches: Women and the Catholic Church in Colonial Brazil, 1500-1822
This study provides a useful synthesis of scholarship on Roman Catholic Church institutions, policies, and values in relation to women in colonial Brazil. Ambitious in scope, it considers the ways in which church authorities, over the course of three centuries, promoted ideal Christian virtues and education for women, enforced expectations for their marriage or seclusion, and insisted on their religious conformity. Each of the six topical chapter…
The Admirable Adventures and Strange Fortunes of Master Anthony Knivet: An English Pirate in Sixteenth-Century Brazil
In 1591, young Anthony Knivet sailed west from London with the fleet of English privateer Thomas Cavendish bound for the Pacific to capture Spanish ships. En route, they sacked Santos and raided sugar plantations along coastal Brazil. Forced back by brutal weather in the Strait of Magellan, Cavendish, reduced to a single vessel, abandoned 20 sick sailors, Knivet among them, on the island of São Sebastião. Found there by the Portuguese, Knivet, a …
Jesuit Missionary Cartography of the Upper Amazon, 1689 to 1789, written by Irina Saladin
To Be at Peace: Indigenous Women, Interethnic Marriages, and Cunhamenas in Northwestern Amazonia, 1730-1755
Exogamous marriage among Northwest Amazonian peoples structured exchange networks, interethnic relations, and settlement patterns during eighteenth-century European imperial expansion. Exchange and reciprocity offered a path to social stability within a highly conflictive environment characterized by warfare and slaving. Arawakan, Cariban, and Tukanoan leaders and outsiders, among them men from Belém, the Portuguese capital of the State of Maranh…
Colonialism, slavery, and trade (6 works) · History (6 works) · Law (6 works) · Political science (6 works) · History of Colonial Brazil (5 works) · Portuguese (5 works) · Amazon rainforest (4 works) · Archaeology (4 works) · Colonialism (4 works) · Ethnology (4 works)