J D Wright
Biographic Data
| ID | 20354 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J D Wright |
| GIVEN NAMES | J D |
| FAMILY NAME | Wright |
| SIGNATURE | WRIGHT J D |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tulane University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6004-6949 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 35 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1960 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
The Development of AI Ethics in Japan: Ethics-washing Society 5.0
This paper examines how AI ethics has been developed at the national level in Japan, and what this process reveals about broader Japanese state imaginaries of how advanced technology should be developed and used, and what a future with these technologies should look like. Key developments in the Japanese government's approach to AI ethics and governance between 2014 and 2023 are laid out, based on an analysis of official reports and policy docume…
An Introduction to Robots and Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare in Japan and South Korea
Robots Won't Save Japan: An Ethnography of Eldercare Automation
Robots Won't Save Japan addresses the Japanese government's efforts to develop care robots in response to the challenges of an aging population, rising demand for elder care, and a critical shortage of care workers. Drawing on ethnographic research at key sites of Japanese robot development and implementation, James Wright reveals how such devices are likely to transform the practices, organization, meanings, and ethics of care-giving if implemen…
Robots Won't Save Japan: An Ethnography of Eldercare Automation
This book addresses the Japanese government's efforts to develop care robots in response to the challenges of an aging population, rising demand for eldercare, and a critical shortage of care workers. Drawing on ethnographic research at key sites of Japanese robot development and implementation, the book reveals how such devices are likely to transform the practices, organization, meanings, and ethics of caregiving if implemented at scale. This n…
Suspect AI: Vibraimage, Emotion Recognition Technology and Algorithmic Opacity
Vibraimage is a digital system that quantifies a subject’s mental and emotional state by analysing video footage of the movements of their head. Vibraimage is used by police, nuclear power station operators, airport security and psychiatrists in Russia, China, Japan and South Korea, and has been deployed at two Olympic Games, a FIFA World Cup and a G7 Summit. Yet there is no reliable empirical evidence for its efficacy; indeed, many claims made a…
The Alexafication of Adult Social Care: Virtual Assistants and the Changing Role of Local Government in England
Voice controlled virtual assistants, delivered via consumer devices such as smart speakers and tablets, are being trialled by local authorities across England as a convenient and low-cost supplement or potential alternative to "traditional" telecare. Few papers have explored this increasingly widespread phenomenon, despite its growing importance. This article looks at choices by some local authorities to trial Alexa, within the context of the ong…
Comparing public funding approaches to the development and commercialization of care robots in the European Union and Japan
Faced with ageing populations, escalating care needs, and growing shortages of care workers, Japanese and EU governments have pursued large, publicly-funded research projects to develop and commercialize care robots. Yet despite their global leadership in this field, Japan and the EU have rarely been compared directly in studies of care robotics. This paper explores similarities in their approaches to the public funding and planning of care robot…
Overcoming political distrust: The role of ‘self-restraint’ in Japan’s public health response to Covid-19
Political trust has long been presented as a key social determinant of pandemic resilience in public health by facilitating public cooperation with government instructions. During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, countries where citizens had relatively low levels of trust in government tended to see higher numbers of infections and deaths. Yet Japan's public health response to COVID-19 complicates a straightforward relationship …
Robots vs migrants? Reconfiguring the future of Japanese institutional eldercare
Japan faces a large and rapidly growing care labor shortage. A common assumption is that the government has a choice between alternatives that will shape the future of its institutional elderly care provision: increase the number of migrant caregivers, or use robots and other emergent technologies to substitute for human carers. This article, based on data from seven months’ ethnographic fieldwork at an elderly care home in Japan that was introdu…
Tactile care, mechanical Hugs: Japanese caregivers and robotic lifting devices
This article explores the attempted introduction of a lifting robot called “Hug” into an elderly care home in Japan. As demand for institutional elderly care in Japan escalates due to population aging and a move away from familial care, the shortage of professional care staff is also intensifying. Attributing this shortage partly to carers’ endemic back pain, the Japanese government and corporations have poured resources into developing high-tech…
Creativity and innovation in Iceland: Individual, environmental, and cultural variables
This comprehensive literature review (CLR) is an analysis and synthesis of literature, observations, interviews, and artifacts as a means to answer the question, “Why is Iceland so innovative?” Iceland is considered by international indices as a leading nation in innovation in many fields, including design, music, art, and literature. A team of doctoral-level students and master’s-level counselors studying the psychology of creativity collected i…
The health of the homeless
Studies of homelessness and health date back to at least the 1970s. The current paper presents a summary on the state of the literature on homelessness and health since the onset of Housing First initiatives. Housing First initiatives represent a change in the previously used model used by social services providers and government agencies from recovery first to housing first, a recognition that homeless people should be housed before contending w…
Food at checkouts in non-food stores: A cross-sectional study of a large indoor shopping mall
Objective To investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height. Design Cross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the …
Public Housing
Public housing policy in the United States emerged in the 1930s out of economic necessity rather than to redress a collective housing need. In response to ideological, economic, sociopolitical, and demographic forces that emerged during the Great Depression and continue into the present, public housing now functions as a system of economic reinvestment, contemporary gentrification, increasingly formalized privatization, and on occasion, affordabl…
The Founding Fathers of Sociology: Francis Galton, Adolphe Quetelet, and Charles Booth: Or What Do People You Probably Never Heard of Have to Do with the Foundations of Sociology
The theme of the 2008 meeting of the Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology was “Engaging Sociology: Applied Sociology's Past, Present, and Promise.” The theme suggests that applied sociology has a past that is different from the parent discipline of sociology, and given how the history of sociology has come to be taught and remembered, that is an understandable suggestion. The argument of this paper, however, is that the discipline of so…
The Campus Affiliates Program: Universities Respond to Troubled Times
Although other universities have established partnerships with inner-city communities in many forms of service learning, few institutions of higher learning have aggressively attempted to revitalize the most severely impoverished sectors of their cities with large outlays of time, resources, and personnel. The Campus Affiliates Program, a collaborative venture among Tulane and Xavier universities, the Housing Authority of New Orleans, the Departm…
Les sans-domicile aux États-Unis. Leçons tirées de quinze années de recherche
Cet article résume quinze ans de recherche sur les sans-domicile aux USA. Les nouveaux sans-domicile forment un groupe diversifié et hétérogène; y sont surreprésentées des personnes assez jeunes, très pauvres, appartenant aux minorités ethniques, et en très mauvaise santé. Plus que par le passé, les femmes et les enfants en constituent une part non négligeable. La plupart des sans-abri le sont seulement par épisodes, et non de façon chronique, ce…
Paths to Homelessness: Extreme Poverty and the Urban Housing Crisis
Overview Understanding Homelessness: Industrial and Urban Decline The Root Causes of Homelessness in American Cities Paths To Homelessness The Old Homeless: Sam Sheldon and Henry Walsh Work Versus WelfareA False Choice: Sue Jackson The Economic Marginality of Young Families: Sara, Dave, Elizabeth, and Joshua Left Behind in a De-industrialized, Low-Wage Economy: Bob and Nancy Shagford and Their Children Eviction: Debbie Jones and Her Children Soci…
Women and Handguns: Evidence From National Surveys, 1973-1991
Capital punishment and public opinion in thepost-Furmanera: Trends and analyses
An analysis of public opinion polls shows a pronounced trend of increased support for the use of capital punishment since this sanction's ban and subsequent reinstatement in the 1970s. This support is frequently cited in political arenas as justification for the retention of this criminal justice practice despite its rejection by virtually all other culturally and economically similar societies. However, further examination of data from the Gener…
Hypertension management in health care for the homeless clinics: Results from a survey
BACKGROUND. With the exception of alcohol abuse, hypertension is the most common chronic physical health problem encountered among homeless persons. The material conditions of homelessness greatly complicate the management of this disorder. Some of the complications and their solutions are discussed here, based on the experiences of health clinics for the homeless in large US cities. METHODS. In 1988, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance A…
The Works of John Dryden, Vol. 5: Poems; The Works of Virgil in English; 1697
"The Works of John Dryden, Vol. 5: Poems; The Works of Virgil in English; 1697" published on by University of California Press.
Work Satisfaction and Age: Some Evidence for the 'Job Change' Hypothesis
Previous research on work satisfaction has consistently shown that older people are more satisfied with their jobs than younger people. The present paper addresses three possible explanations for this tendency: (1) the “now generation” of workers subscribes to a set of post-material values that contradict the demands of the industrial system and cause greater work discontent; (2) the standards of the old are systematically eroded by their years i…
Coming of Age – A Comparison of the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany / Volljährigkeit und Schulabschluß – Ein Vergleich zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und der Bundesrepublik Deutsch…
Die Studie untersucht das Verhalten der westdeutschen und amerikanischen Jugend der frühen 60er Jahre und stellt es dem derselben Alterskohorte zu Ende des Jahrzehnts gegenüber. Hinsichtlich der Berufs- und Beschäftigungsmuster, die jeweils zur Ausprägung kamen, konnten für die entsprechenden Länder erstaunliche Gleichförmigkeiten aufgezeigt werden; die Prozesse hingegen, die dieses Ergebnis bewirkten, erwiesen sich als von auffälliger Unterschie…
Attitudes belliqueuses en matière de politique étrangère. Quels sont les véritables partisans des solutions dures au Vietnam
Richard F. Hamilton, James Wright, Attitudes belliqueuses en matière de politique étrangère. Quels sont les véritables partisans des solutions dures au Vietnam?, Revue française de sociologie, Vol. 13, Supplément (1972), pp. 691-706
Women and Handguns: Evidence From National Surveys, 1973-1991
Comparing public funding approaches to the development and commercialization of care robots in the European Union and Japan
Faced with ageing populations, escalating care needs, and growing shortages of care workers, Japanese and EU governments have pursued large, publicly-funded research projects to develop and commercialize care robots. Yet despite their global leadership in this field, Japan and the EU have rarely been compared directly in studies of care robotics. This paper explores similarities in their approaches to the public funding and planning of care robot…
Les sans-domicile aux États-Unis. Leçons tirées de quinze années de recherche
Cet article résume quinze ans de recherche sur les sans-domicile aux USA. Les nouveaux sans-domicile forment un groupe diversifié et hétérogène; y sont surreprésentées des personnes assez jeunes, très pauvres, appartenant aux minorités ethniques, et en très mauvaise santé. Plus que par le passé, les femmes et les enfants en constituent une part non négligeable. La plupart des sans-abri le sont seulement par épisodes, et non de façon chronique, ce…
The Campus Affiliates Program: Universities Respond to Troubled Times
Although other universities have established partnerships with inner-city communities in many forms of service learning, few institutions of higher learning have aggressively attempted to revitalize the most severely impoverished sectors of their cities with large outlays of time, resources, and personnel. The Campus Affiliates Program, a collaborative venture among Tulane and Xavier universities, the Housing Authority of New Orleans, the Departm…
Hypertension management in health care for the homeless clinics: Results from a survey
BACKGROUND. With the exception of alcohol abuse, hypertension is the most common chronic physical health problem encountered among homeless persons. The material conditions of homelessness greatly complicate the management of this disorder. Some of the complications and their solutions are discussed here, based on the experiences of health clinics for the homeless in large US cities. METHODS. In 1988, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance A…
Overcoming political distrust: The role of ‘self-restraint’ in Japan’s public health response to Covid-19
Political trust has long been presented as a key social determinant of pandemic resilience in public health by facilitating public cooperation with government instructions. During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, countries where citizens had relatively low levels of trust in government tended to see higher numbers of infections and deaths. Yet Japan's public health response to COVID-19 complicates a straightforward relationship …
The health of the homeless
Studies of homelessness and health date back to at least the 1970s. The current paper presents a summary on the state of the literature on homelessness and health since the onset of Housing First initiatives. Housing First initiatives represent a change in the previously used model used by social services providers and government agencies from recovery first to housing first, a recognition that homeless people should be housed before contending w…
Capital punishment and public opinion in thepost-Furmanera: Trends and analyses
An analysis of public opinion polls shows a pronounced trend of increased support for the use of capital punishment since this sanction's ban and subsequent reinstatement in the 1970s. This support is frequently cited in political arenas as justification for the retention of this criminal justice practice despite its rejection by virtually all other culturally and economically similar societies. However, further examination of data from the Gener…
The Founding Fathers of Sociology: Francis Galton, Adolphe Quetelet, and Charles Booth: Or What Do People You Probably Never Heard of Have to Do with the Foundations of Sociology
The theme of the 2008 meeting of the Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology was “Engaging Sociology: Applied Sociology's Past, Present, and Promise.” The theme suggests that applied sociology has a past that is different from the parent discipline of sociology, and given how the history of sociology has come to be taught and remembered, that is an understandable suggestion. The argument of this paper, however, is that the discipline of so…
Coming of Age – A Comparison of the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany / Volljährigkeit und Schulabschluß – Ein Vergleich zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und der Bundesrepublik Deutsch…
Die Studie untersucht das Verhalten der westdeutschen und amerikanischen Jugend der frühen 60er Jahre und stellt es dem derselben Alterskohorte zu Ende des Jahrzehnts gegenüber. Hinsichtlich der Berufs- und Beschäftigungsmuster, die jeweils zur Ausprägung kamen, konnten für die entsprechenden Länder erstaunliche Gleichförmigkeiten aufgezeigt werden; die Prozesse hingegen, die dieses Ergebnis bewirkten, erwiesen sich als von auffälliger Unterschie…
A Hydrographic Survey Unit in British Antarctica: Discussion
Attitudes belliqueuses en matière de politique étrangère. Quels sont les véritables partisans des solutions dures au Vietnam
Richard F. Hamilton, James Wright, Attitudes belliqueuses en matière de politique étrangère. Quels sont les véritables partisans des solutions dures au Vietnam?, Revue française de sociologie, Vol. 13, Supplément (1972), pp. 691-706
Coming of Age – A Comparison of the United States and the Federal Republic of Germany / Volljährigkeit und Schulabschluß – Ein Vergleich zwischen den Vereinigten Staaten und der Bundesrepublik Deutsch…
Die Studie untersucht das Verhalten der westdeutschen und amerikanischen Jugend der frühen 60er Jahre und stellt es dem derselben Alterskohorte zu Ende des Jahrzehnts gegenüber. Hinsichtlich der Berufs- und Beschäftigungsmuster, die jeweils zur Ausprägung kamen, konnten für die entsprechenden Länder erstaunliche Gleichförmigkeiten aufgezeigt werden; die Prozesse hingegen, die dieses Ergebnis bewirkten, erwiesen sich als von auffälliger Unterschie…
Work Satisfaction and Age: Some Evidence for the 'Job Change' Hypothesis
Previous research on work satisfaction has consistently shown that older people are more satisfied with their jobs than younger people. The present paper addresses three possible explanations for this tendency: (1) the “now generation” of workers subscribes to a set of post-material values that contradict the demands of the industrial system and cause greater work discontent; (2) the standards of the old are systematically eroded by their years i…
The Works of John Dryden, Vol. 5: Poems; The Works of Virgil in English; 1697
"The Works of John Dryden, Vol. 5: Poems; The Works of Virgil in English; 1697" published on by University of California Press.
Hypertension management in health care for the homeless clinics: Results from a survey
BACKGROUND. With the exception of alcohol abuse, hypertension is the most common chronic physical health problem encountered among homeless persons. The material conditions of homelessness greatly complicate the management of this disorder. Some of the complications and their solutions are discussed here, based on the experiences of health clinics for the homeless in large US cities. METHODS. In 1988, the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance A…
Capital punishment and public opinion in thepost-Furmanera: Trends and analyses
An analysis of public opinion polls shows a pronounced trend of increased support for the use of capital punishment since this sanction's ban and subsequent reinstatement in the 1970s. This support is frequently cited in political arenas as justification for the retention of this criminal justice practice despite its rejection by virtually all other culturally and economically similar societies. However, further examination of data from the Gener…
Women and Handguns: Evidence From National Surveys, 1973-1991
Paths to Homelessness: Extreme Poverty and the Urban Housing Crisis
Overview Understanding Homelessness: Industrial and Urban Decline The Root Causes of Homelessness in American Cities Paths To Homelessness The Old Homeless: Sam Sheldon and Henry Walsh Work Versus WelfareA False Choice: Sue Jackson The Economic Marginality of Young Families: Sara, Dave, Elizabeth, and Joshua Left Behind in a De-industrialized, Low-Wage Economy: Bob and Nancy Shagford and Their Children Eviction: Debbie Jones and Her Children Soci…
Les sans-domicile aux États-Unis. Leçons tirées de quinze années de recherche
Cet article résume quinze ans de recherche sur les sans-domicile aux USA. Les nouveaux sans-domicile forment un groupe diversifié et hétérogène; y sont surreprésentées des personnes assez jeunes, très pauvres, appartenant aux minorités ethniques, et en très mauvaise santé. Plus que par le passé, les femmes et les enfants en constituent une part non négligeable. La plupart des sans-abri le sont seulement par épisodes, et non de façon chronique, ce…
The Campus Affiliates Program: Universities Respond to Troubled Times
Although other universities have established partnerships with inner-city communities in many forms of service learning, few institutions of higher learning have aggressively attempted to revitalize the most severely impoverished sectors of their cities with large outlays of time, resources, and personnel. The Campus Affiliates Program, a collaborative venture among Tulane and Xavier universities, the Housing Authority of New Orleans, the Departm…
The Founding Fathers of Sociology: Francis Galton, Adolphe Quetelet, and Charles Booth: Or What Do People You Probably Never Heard of Have to Do with the Foundations of Sociology
The theme of the 2008 meeting of the Association for Applied and Clinical Sociology was “Engaging Sociology: Applied Sociology's Past, Present, and Promise.” The theme suggests that applied sociology has a past that is different from the parent discipline of sociology, and given how the history of sociology has come to be taught and remembered, that is an understandable suggestion. The argument of this paper, however, is that the discipline of so…
Public Housing
Public housing policy in the United States emerged in the 1930s out of economic necessity rather than to redress a collective housing need. In response to ideological, economic, sociopolitical, and demographic forces that emerged during the Great Depression and continue into the present, public housing now functions as a system of economic reinvestment, contemporary gentrification, increasingly formalized privatization, and on occasion, affordabl…
Food at checkouts in non-food stores: A cross-sectional study of a large indoor shopping mall
Objective To investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height. Design Cross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the …
Creativity and innovation in Iceland: Individual, environmental, and cultural variables
This comprehensive literature review (CLR) is an analysis and synthesis of literature, observations, interviews, and artifacts as a means to answer the question, “Why is Iceland so innovative?” Iceland is considered by international indices as a leading nation in innovation in many fields, including design, music, art, and literature. A team of doctoral-level students and master’s-level counselors studying the psychology of creativity collected i…
The health of the homeless
Studies of homelessness and health date back to at least the 1970s. The current paper presents a summary on the state of the literature on homelessness and health since the onset of Housing First initiatives. Housing First initiatives represent a change in the previously used model used by social services providers and government agencies from recovery first to housing first, a recognition that homeless people should be housed before contending w…
Tactile care, mechanical Hugs: Japanese caregivers and robotic lifting devices
This article explores the attempted introduction of a lifting robot called “Hug” into an elderly care home in Japan. As demand for institutional elderly care in Japan escalates due to population aging and a move away from familial care, the shortage of professional care staff is also intensifying. Attributing this shortage partly to carers’ endemic back pain, the Japanese government and corporations have poured resources into developing high-tech…
Robots vs migrants? Reconfiguring the future of Japanese institutional eldercare
Japan faces a large and rapidly growing care labor shortage. A common assumption is that the government has a choice between alternatives that will shape the future of its institutional elderly care provision: increase the number of migrant caregivers, or use robots and other emergent technologies to substitute for human carers. This article, based on data from seven months’ ethnographic fieldwork at an elderly care home in Japan that was introdu…
The Alexafication of Adult Social Care: Virtual Assistants and the Changing Role of Local Government in England
Voice controlled virtual assistants, delivered via consumer devices such as smart speakers and tablets, are being trialled by local authorities across England as a convenient and low-cost supplement or potential alternative to "traditional" telecare. Few papers have explored this increasingly widespread phenomenon, despite its growing importance. This article looks at choices by some local authorities to trial Alexa, within the context of the ong…
Comparing public funding approaches to the development and commercialization of care robots in the European Union and Japan
Faced with ageing populations, escalating care needs, and growing shortages of care workers, Japanese and EU governments have pursued large, publicly-funded research projects to develop and commercialize care robots. Yet despite their global leadership in this field, Japan and the EU have rarely been compared directly in studies of care robotics. This paper explores similarities in their approaches to the public funding and planning of care robot…
Overcoming political distrust: The role of ‘self-restraint’ in Japan’s public health response to Covid-19
Political trust has long been presented as a key social determinant of pandemic resilience in public health by facilitating public cooperation with government instructions. During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, countries where citizens had relatively low levels of trust in government tended to see higher numbers of infections and deaths. Yet Japan's public health response to COVID-19 complicates a straightforward relationship …
Robots Won't Save Japan: An Ethnography of Eldercare Automation
Robots Won't Save Japan addresses the Japanese government's efforts to develop care robots in response to the challenges of an aging population, rising demand for elder care, and a critical shortage of care workers. Drawing on ethnographic research at key sites of Japanese robot development and implementation, James Wright reveals how such devices are likely to transform the practices, organization, meanings, and ethics of care-giving if implemen…
Robots Won't Save Japan: An Ethnography of Eldercare Automation
This book addresses the Japanese government's efforts to develop care robots in response to the challenges of an aging population, rising demand for eldercare, and a critical shortage of care workers. Drawing on ethnographic research at key sites of Japanese robot development and implementation, the book reveals how such devices are likely to transform the practices, organization, meanings, and ethics of caregiving if implemented at scale. This n…
Suspect AI: Vibraimage, Emotion Recognition Technology and Algorithmic Opacity
Vibraimage is a digital system that quantifies a subject’s mental and emotional state by analysing video footage of the movements of their head. Vibraimage is used by police, nuclear power station operators, airport security and psychiatrists in Russia, China, Japan and South Korea, and has been deployed at two Olympic Games, a FIFA World Cup and a G7 Summit. Yet there is no reliable empirical evidence for its efficacy; indeed, many claims made a…
The Development of AI Ethics in Japan: Ethics-washing Society 5.0
This paper examines how AI ethics has been developed at the national level in Japan, and what this process reveals about broader Japanese state imaginaries of how advanced technology should be developed and used, and what a future with these technologies should look like. Key developments in the Japanese government's approach to AI ethics and governance between 2014 and 2023 are laid out, based on an analysis of official reports and policy docume…
Political science (15 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Psychology (10 works) · Economics (9 works) · Business (8 works) · Computer Science (8 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Public relations (8 works) · Law (7 works) · Economic growth (6 works)