J Whittaker
Biographic Data
| ID | 20575 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Whittaker |
| GIVEN NAMES | J |
| FAMILY NAME | Whittaker |
| SIGNATURE | WHITTAKER J |
| AFFILIATIONS | Swansea University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7342-6369 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 18 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 16 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 18 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1972 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Catch 22: Institutional ethics and researcher welfare within online extremism and terrorism research
Drawing from interviews with 39 online extremism and terrorism researchers, this article provides an empirical analysis of these researchers’ experiences with institutional ethics processes. Discussed are the harms that these researchers face in the course of their work, including trolling, doxing, and mental and emotional trauma arising from exposure to terrorist content, which highlight the need for an emphasis on researcher welfare. We find th…
The Unintended Consequences of the Removal of Terrorist Content and the Case of Bitchute
Drilling a Telegram-YouTube Pipeline: Cross-Platform Affordances of German Anti-Government Extremist Networks
The Dual Pathways Hypothesis of Incel Harm: A Model of Harmful Attitudes and Beliefs Among Involuntary Celibates
Incels (involuntary celibates) are an online subculture of men who form their identity around a perceived inability to form sexual or romantic relationships. This community operates almost exclusively online, often serving as an outlet for misogynistic hostility. Concerns about violence from incels have positioned them as a growing (inter)national security threat. This study, the largest primary investigation of incel harmful attitudes and belief…
Resilient non-radicalisers: Beating the odds through non-radicalisation despite significant suffering
This study explores how and why some individuals are resilient to radicalisation by focusing on individuals who were labelled “terrorists” for their alleged involvement or support for an attempted coup that took place in Turkey on 15 July 2016, yet who have shown no sign of violent radicalisation since. Drawing from 15 interviews, it assesses both the potential radicalisation risk factors that the participants display, such as political persecuti…
Online Radicalisation: Moving Beyond a Simple Dichotomy
Online radicalisation to terrorism has become a pervasive policy concern over the last decade. However, as a concept it lacks clarity and empirical support. In this article, we add an empirical and theoretical lens to this problem by analysing the trajectories of 231 Islamic State terrorists. We use cluster analyses to create typologies of individuals’ different online and offline antecedent behaviours, including the ways in which they engaged in…
Social media use in disaster recovery: A systematic literature review
The Role of Financial Technologies in US-Based Isis Terror Plots
This study explores how terrorists use financial technologies in their plots. Using a database of 231 US-based Islamic State actors, it analyses how they move money and make purchases, as well as whether the use of technology affects success. Fundamentally, terrorists opt for simplicity; there is little evidence of sophisticated financial plots. Terrorists tend to use the Internet in two ways: to make purchases and to coordinate transactions. Tra…
Recommender systems and the amplification of extremist content
Recommendation algorithms potentially amplifying extremist content has become a policy concern in recent years. We conduct a novel empirical experiment on three platforms (YouTube, Reddit, and Gab) to test this phenomenon. We find that YouTube’s “Recommended for you” system does promote extreme content. We synthesise the findings into the policy debate and argue that co-regulation may provide some solutions
The online behaviors of Islamic state terrorists in the United States
Research Summary This study offers an empirical insight into terrorists’ use of the Internet. Although criminology has previously been quiet on this topic, behavior‐based studies can aid in understanding the interactions between terrorists and their environments. Using a database of 231 US‐based Islamic State terrorists, four important findings are offered: (1) This cohort utilized the Internet heavily for the purposes of both networking with co‐…
Playing for Hate? Extremism, Terrorism, and Videogames
Although the production of videogames by extremist and terrorist groups has markedly declined since a high point in the 2000s, game-based interventions remain highly significant, whether through the adoption of gaming-based iconography in extremist and terrorist social media campaigns or through the activity of modders and groups’ supporters who continue to make games championing extremists and terrorists. Building on Conway’s 2017 call to look a…
XII * Literature 1780-1830: The Romantic Period
This chapter has five sections: 1. General; 2. Prose; 3. The Novel; 4. Poetry; 5. Drama. Section 1 is by Orianne Smith; section 2 is by Kyriaki Hadjiafxendi; section 3 is by Felicity James and Eliza O’Brien; section 4 is by David Stewart, Jason Whittaker, and Christopher Machell; section 5 is by Jeremy Davies
Anything to Declare? The Struggle for Inclusive Education and Children's Rights
This paper argues for a clear and unequivocal message from those who advocate Inclusive Education. It suggests that the compulsory segregation of children with 'special needs' will continue until the Law underwrites their right to an equal choice of education. The message to advocates is to make the affirmation of children's rights their primary goal, before resorting to detailed educational debates. It also highlights the plight of David McKibbe…
Monetary policy: Its scope and limitations
Based on observation of the institutional practices of the Reserve Bank, this paper argues that domestic monetary policy is nothing more nor less than setting the interest rate for short term loans. The effects in South Africa of recent interest rate changes are then studied, and it is deduced that whilst the rate of price inflation can be successfully controlled by suitable choice of interest rates, this objective has not been satisfactorily ful…
The Greek Commentaries on Plato's Phaedo
Posidonius. Volume 1: The Fragments
Apuleius Philosophus Platonicus: Untersuchungen zur Apologia (De Magia) und zu De Mundo
A Cross-Cultural Study of Geocentrism
College students in the United States, Argentina, Fiji, India, and New Zealand were asked to draw a map of the world in 10 minutes, putting in as much detail as possible. Maps were examined for number of countries noted, accuracy in shape and placement of continents and countries, and other details. Geocentrism seems to be reflected in the fact that one's own country is almost always disproportionately large, and it also seems to be reflected in …
Anything to Declare? The Struggle for Inclusive Education and Children's Rights
This paper argues for a clear and unequivocal message from those who advocate Inclusive Education. It suggests that the compulsory segregation of children with 'special needs' will continue until the Law underwrites their right to an equal choice of education. The message to advocates is to make the affirmation of children's rights their primary goal, before resorting to detailed educational debates. It also highlights the plight of David McKibbe…
Playing for Hate? Extremism, Terrorism, and Videogames
Although the production of videogames by extremist and terrorist groups has markedly declined since a high point in the 2000s, game-based interventions remain highly significant, whether through the adoption of gaming-based iconography in extremist and terrorist social media campaigns or through the activity of modders and groups’ supporters who continue to make games championing extremists and terrorists. Building on Conway’s 2017 call to look a…
The Dual Pathways Hypothesis of Incel Harm: A Model of Harmful Attitudes and Beliefs Among Involuntary Celibates
Incels (involuntary celibates) are an online subculture of men who form their identity around a perceived inability to form sexual or romantic relationships. This community operates almost exclusively online, often serving as an outlet for misogynistic hostility. Concerns about violence from incels have positioned them as a growing (inter)national security threat. This study, the largest primary investigation of incel harmful attitudes and belief…
The Role of Financial Technologies in US-Based Isis Terror Plots
This study explores how terrorists use financial technologies in their plots. Using a database of 231 US-based Islamic State actors, it analyses how they move money and make purchases, as well as whether the use of technology affects success. Fundamentally, terrorists opt for simplicity; there is little evidence of sophisticated financial plots. Terrorists tend to use the Internet in two ways: to make purchases and to coordinate transactions. Tra…
The online behaviors of Islamic state terrorists in the United States
Research Summary This study offers an empirical insight into terrorists’ use of the Internet. Although criminology has previously been quiet on this topic, behavior‐based studies can aid in understanding the interactions between terrorists and their environments. Using a database of 231 US‐based Islamic State terrorists, four important findings are offered: (1) This cohort utilized the Internet heavily for the purposes of both networking with co‐…
A Cross-Cultural Study of Geocentrism
College students in the United States, Argentina, Fiji, India, and New Zealand were asked to draw a map of the world in 10 minutes, putting in as much detail as possible. Maps were examined for number of countries noted, accuracy in shape and placement of continents and countries, and other details. Geocentrism seems to be reflected in the fact that one's own country is almost always disproportionately large, and it also seems to be reflected in …
A Cross-Cultural Study of Geocentrism
College students in the United States, Argentina, Fiji, India, and New Zealand were asked to draw a map of the world in 10 minutes, putting in as much detail as possible. Maps were examined for number of countries noted, accuracy in shape and placement of continents and countries, and other details. Geocentrism seems to be reflected in the fact that one's own country is almost always disproportionately large, and it also seems to be reflected in …
Apuleius Philosophus Platonicus: Untersuchungen zur Apologia (De Magia) und zu De Mundo
Posidonius. Volume 1: The Fragments
The Greek Commentaries on Plato's Phaedo
Monetary policy: Its scope and limitations
Based on observation of the institutional practices of the Reserve Bank, this paper argues that domestic monetary policy is nothing more nor less than setting the interest rate for short term loans. The effects in South Africa of recent interest rate changes are then studied, and it is deduced that whilst the rate of price inflation can be successfully controlled by suitable choice of interest rates, this objective has not been satisfactorily ful…
Anything to Declare? The Struggle for Inclusive Education and Children's Rights
This paper argues for a clear and unequivocal message from those who advocate Inclusive Education. It suggests that the compulsory segregation of children with 'special needs' will continue until the Law underwrites their right to an equal choice of education. The message to advocates is to make the affirmation of children's rights their primary goal, before resorting to detailed educational debates. It also highlights the plight of David McKibbe…
XII * Literature 1780-1830: The Romantic Period
This chapter has five sections: 1. General; 2. Prose; 3. The Novel; 4. Poetry; 5. Drama. Section 1 is by Orianne Smith; section 2 is by Kyriaki Hadjiafxendi; section 3 is by Felicity James and Eliza O’Brien; section 4 is by David Stewart, Jason Whittaker, and Christopher Machell; section 5 is by Jeremy Davies
Recommender systems and the amplification of extremist content
Recommendation algorithms potentially amplifying extremist content has become a policy concern in recent years. We conduct a novel empirical experiment on three platforms (YouTube, Reddit, and Gab) to test this phenomenon. We find that YouTube’s “Recommended for you” system does promote extreme content. We synthesise the findings into the policy debate and argue that co-regulation may provide some solutions
The online behaviors of Islamic state terrorists in the United States
Research Summary This study offers an empirical insight into terrorists’ use of the Internet. Although criminology has previously been quiet on this topic, behavior‐based studies can aid in understanding the interactions between terrorists and their environments. Using a database of 231 US‐based Islamic State terrorists, four important findings are offered: (1) This cohort utilized the Internet heavily for the purposes of both networking with co‐…
Playing for Hate? Extremism, Terrorism, and Videogames
Although the production of videogames by extremist and terrorist groups has markedly declined since a high point in the 2000s, game-based interventions remain highly significant, whether through the adoption of gaming-based iconography in extremist and terrorist social media campaigns or through the activity of modders and groups’ supporters who continue to make games championing extremists and terrorists. Building on Conway’s 2017 call to look a…
Social media use in disaster recovery: A systematic literature review
The Role of Financial Technologies in US-Based Isis Terror Plots
This study explores how terrorists use financial technologies in their plots. Using a database of 231 US-based Islamic State actors, it analyses how they move money and make purchases, as well as whether the use of technology affects success. Fundamentally, terrorists opt for simplicity; there is little evidence of sophisticated financial plots. Terrorists tend to use the Internet in two ways: to make purchases and to coordinate transactions. Tra…
Online Radicalisation: Moving Beyond a Simple Dichotomy
Online radicalisation to terrorism has become a pervasive policy concern over the last decade. However, as a concept it lacks clarity and empirical support. In this article, we add an empirical and theoretical lens to this problem by analysing the trajectories of 231 Islamic State terrorists. We use cluster analyses to create typologies of individuals’ different online and offline antecedent behaviours, including the ways in which they engaged in…
Resilient non-radicalisers: Beating the odds through non-radicalisation despite significant suffering
This study explores how and why some individuals are resilient to radicalisation by focusing on individuals who were labelled “terrorists” for their alleged involvement or support for an attempted coup that took place in Turkey on 15 July 2016, yet who have shown no sign of violent radicalisation since. Drawing from 15 interviews, it assesses both the potential radicalisation risk factors that the participants display, such as political persecuti…
Catch 22: Institutional ethics and researcher welfare within online extremism and terrorism research
Drawing from interviews with 39 online extremism and terrorism researchers, this article provides an empirical analysis of these researchers’ experiences with institutional ethics processes. Discussed are the harms that these researchers face in the course of their work, including trolling, doxing, and mental and emotional trauma arising from exposure to terrorist content, which highlight the need for an emphasis on researcher welfare. We find th…
The Unintended Consequences of the Removal of Terrorist Content and the Case of Bitchute
Drilling a Telegram-YouTube Pipeline: Cross-Platform Affordances of German Anti-Government Extremist Networks
The Dual Pathways Hypothesis of Incel Harm: A Model of Harmful Attitudes and Beliefs Among Involuntary Celibates
Incels (involuntary celibates) are an online subculture of men who form their identity around a perceived inability to form sexual or romantic relationships. This community operates almost exclusively online, often serving as an outlet for misogynistic hostility. Concerns about violence from incels have positioned them as a growing (inter)national security threat. This study, the largest primary investigation of incel harmful attitudes and belief…
Political science (10 works) · Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence (8 works) · Law (7 works) · Terrorism (7 works) · Computer Science (6 works) · Law (6 works) · Psychology (6 works) · Sociology (5 works) · Public relations (4 works) · The Internet (4 works)