Mario Schootman
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 2085175 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Mario Schootman |
| NOMBRES | Mario |
| APELLIDO | Schootman |
| FIRMA | SCHOOTMAN M |
| AFILIACIONES | Washington University in St. Louis |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1162-8824 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 41 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 41 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1993 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Integrating Artificial Intelligence with Manual Coding of Qualitative Data
Colorectal cancer survival disparities in persistent poverty areas
PURPOSE: We examined whether living in persistent poverty census tracts was associated with disparities in colorectal cancer (CRC) survival and whether the association varied between urban and rural settings. METHODS: Using 2013-2019 state-wide cancer registry and 2013-2021 death records data, CRC patients were classified by tract-level persistent poverty and rural/urban status. Overall and CRC-specific survival were compared using Kaplan-Meier e…
Residential segregation, housing cost, and smoking behaviors in Black Americans
Influence of built environment on quality of life changes in African-American patients with non-metastatic breast cancer
Disparities in Utilization of Medical Specialists for Colonoscopy
Purpose: Colonoscopy is the preferred screening modality for colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention. The quality of the procedure varies although medical specialists such as gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons tend to have better outcomes. We aimed to determine whether there are demographic and clinical differences between those who received a colonoscopy from a specialist versus those who received a colonoscopy from a nonspecialist. Methods:…
Should Measures of Health Care Availability Be Based on the Providers or the Procedures? A Case Study with Implications for Rural Colorectal Cancer Disparities
PURPOSE: Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) living in rural areas have lower survival rates than those in urban areas, potentially because of lack of access to quality CRC screening and treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare traditional physician density (ie, colonoscopy provider availability per capita) against a new physician density measure using an example case of colonoscopy volume and quality. The latter is particularly rele…
Testing the Feasibility of Using Ecological Momentary Assessment to Collect Real-Time Behavior and Mood to Predict Technology-Measured HIV Medication Adherence
Who Performs Colonoscopy? Workforce Trends Over Space and Time
PURPOSE: With the increased availability of colonoscopy to average risk persons due to insurance coverage benefit changes, we sought to identify changes in the colonoscopy workforce. We used outpatient discharge records from South Carolina between 2001 and 2010 to examine shifts over time and in urban versus rural areas in the types of medical providers who perform colonoscopy, and the practice settings in which they occur, and to explore variati…
Obtaining contextually relevant geographic data using Facebook recruitment in public health studies
Potential High-Risk Areas for Zika Virus Transmission in the Contiguous United States
Objectives. To understand where transmission of Zika virus has the highest likelihood to occur in the contiguous United States with regard to its transmission both sexually and via Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. Methods. We evaluated the 2 routes of transmission risk with predictors of sexually transmitted infections (percentage women of childbearing age, birthrate, gonorrhea and chlamydia rates, concentrated disadvantage) as a surrogate for unpro…
Explaining large mortality differences between adjacent counties
Examining differences in mortality rates and associated risk factors between adjacent counties provides additional insight for future interventions to reduce geographic disparities
Influence of neighborhood-level factors on social support in early-stage breast cancer patients and controls
Breakfast intake among adults with type 2 diabetes
Objective To assess the association between breakfast energy and total daily energy intake among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Design Cross-sectional study. Daily energy intake was computed from a 24 h dietary recall. Multiple regression models were used to estimate the association between daily energy intake (dependent variable) and quartiles of energy intake at breakfast (independent variable), expressed in either absolute or relative (perc…
Using Google Street View to Audit the Built Environment
BACKGROUND: Observational field audits are recommended for public health research to collect data on built environment characteristics. A reliable, standardized alternative to field audits that uses publicly available information could provide the ability to efficiently compare results across different study sites and time. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess inter-rater reliability of built environment audits conducted using Google Street View i…
Observer ratings of neighborhoods
Enhanced field protocols and rater training did not improve measurement quality. Specifically, retest reliability and interviewer variability remained problematic. Measurement error partially reduced, but did not eliminate concurrent validity, suggesting there are robust associations between neighborhood characteristics and health outcomes. We conclude that the 5-item AAH NAS has sufficient reliability and validity for further use. Additional res…
Association Between Childhood School Segregation and Changes in Adult Sense of Control in the African American Health Cohort
AAH participants receiving the majority of their primary and secondary educations in segregated schools appeared to have been protected, in part, from age-related declines in the sense of control
Childhood school segregation and later life sense of control and physical performance in the African American Health cohort
Childhood school desegregation was adversely associated with the sense of control of African Americans in later life, and this reduced sense of control appears, in part, to account for their poorer physical performance. The etiologic mechanism through which childhood school segregation at the time that this cohort experienced it improved the sense of control in later life, which subsequently led to better physical performance, has not been identi…
Characteristics of Sexually Active Teenage Girls Who Would Be Pleased with Becoming Pregnant
Reliability of perceived neighbourhood conditions and the effects of measurement error on self-rated health across urban and rural neighbourhoods
BACKGROUND: Limited psychometric research has examined the reliability of self-reported measures of neighbourhood conditions, the effect of measurement error on associations between neighbourhood conditions and health, and potential differences in the reliabilities between neighbourhood strata (urban vs rural and low vs high poverty). We assessed overall and stratified reliability of self-reported perceived neighbourhood conditions using five sca…
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
Neighborhood foreclosures and self-rated health among breast cancer survivors
Neighborhood conditions, diabetes, and risk of lower-body functional limitations among middle-aged African Americans
Adverse neighborhood conditions appear to exacerbate the detrimental effects on lower-body functioning associated with diabetes
Number of Sexual Partners and Associations with Initiation and Intensity of Substance Use
Predictors of Change in Grip Strength Over 3 Years in the African American Health Project
Results can be used to design interventions to improve strength outcomes
Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions and Inflammatory Markers among Middle-Aged African Americans
The association of sidewalk walkability and physical disorder with area-level race and poverty
INTRODUCTION: There are significant differences in physical inactivity in various geographical areas and among demographic groups. Previous research suggests that walking is the most common form of physical activity; however, not all built environments support walking for recreational or transportation purposes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which area-level factors, poverty rate and racial distribution, are ass…
Concordance of Commercial Data Sources for Neighborhood-Effects Studies
Self-Rated Health
The decline in SRH levels among 49- to 65-year-old African Americans is comparable to that of Whites
Effect of area poverty rate on cancer screening across US communities
Study objective: To analyse the contextual effect of area poverty rate on never having been screened for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer by (1) describing the extent of the variation in screening behaviours among 98 US metropolitan areas; (2) determining if the variation in lack of screening can be explained by differences in the characteristics of the persons who resided in these areas; and (3) determining if living in a metropolitan are…
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
Reliability of perceived neighbourhood conditions and the effects of measurement error on self-rated health across urban and rural neighbourhoods
BACKGROUND: Limited psychometric research has examined the reliability of self-reported measures of neighbourhood conditions, the effect of measurement error on associations between neighbourhood conditions and health, and potential differences in the reliabilities between neighbourhood strata (urban vs rural and low vs high poverty). We assessed overall and stratified reliability of self-reported perceived neighbourhood conditions using five sca…
The Garden of Eden
Geographic assessments indicate that the selection of produce in local supermarkets varies by both area-level income and racial composition. These differences make it particularly difficult for low-income African American families to make healthy dietary choices. The Garden of Eden produce market was created to improve access to high-quality, affordable produce for these communities. The Garden of Eden is housed in a church in an economically dep…
Influence of built environment on quality of life changes in African-American patients with non-metastatic breast cancer
Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions and Inflammatory Markers among Middle-Aged African Americans
Neighbourhood environment and the incidence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged African Americans
Aim: To investigate the association between attributes of subject location and incidence of clinically relevant levels of depressive symptoms (CRLDS), and to investigate whether an association remained after adjusting for individual-level factors using data from the population-based African American Health Study. Methods: An 11-item depression scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale) was obtained at baseline and 3 years later thr…
Obtaining contextually relevant geographic data using Facebook recruitment in public health studies
Potential High-Risk Areas for Zika Virus Transmission in the Contiguous United States
Objectives. To understand where transmission of Zika virus has the highest likelihood to occur in the contiguous United States with regard to its transmission both sexually and via Aedes aegypti mosquito bites. Methods. We evaluated the 2 routes of transmission risk with predictors of sexually transmitted infections (percentage women of childbearing age, birthrate, gonorrhea and chlamydia rates, concentrated disadvantage) as a surrogate for unpro…
Influence of neighborhood-level factors on social support in early-stage breast cancer patients and controls
Association Between Childhood School Segregation and Changes in Adult Sense of Control in the African American Health Cohort
AAH participants receiving the majority of their primary and secondary educations in segregated schools appeared to have been protected, in part, from age-related declines in the sense of control
Predictors of Change in Grip Strength Over 3 Years in the African American Health Project
Results can be used to design interventions to improve strength outcomes
Safety behavior among Iowa junior high and high school students
The goal of this study was to determine demographic factors associated with reported safety behavior by studying 2250 Iowa junior high and high school students via a self-administered questionnaire. Students attending rural schools used front seat belts and helmets less frequently than urban students. Seat belt and helmet use and swim safety decreased dramatically with age. Occurrences of driving or riding while drunk or high increased with age. …
Utilization of Cancer Early Detection Services Among Farm and Rural Nonfarm Adults in Iowa
An increase in the proportion of advanced malignancies among rural residents has been noted and may be due to a combination of factors, including availability of screening services, demographic characteristics, and access to health care facilities. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in 33 nonmetropolitan Iowa counties among randomly selected middle‐aged farm and rural nonfarm adults to compare utilization of cancer early detection services. A …
Rural‐Urban Differences in Ductal Carcinoma in Situ as a Proxy for Mammography Use Over Time
Context : With emphasis on increasing use of mammography, the rate of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast has increased dramatically in the United States starting in the; early 1980s. It is unclear if rural and urban women have experienced similar increases. Purpose: To describe differences in incidence of DCIS between rural and urban women 50 to 69 years of age over time. This may be a proxy indicator of mammography use for the early d…
Effect of area poverty rate on cancer screening across US communities
Study objective: To analyse the contextual effect of area poverty rate on never having been screened for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer by (1) describing the extent of the variation in screening behaviours among 98 US metropolitan areas; (2) determining if the variation in lack of screening can be explained by differences in the characteristics of the persons who resided in these areas; and (3) determining if living in a metropolitan are…
The Garden of Eden
Geographic assessments indicate that the selection of produce in local supermarkets varies by both area-level income and racial composition. These differences make it particularly difficult for low-income African American families to make healthy dietary choices. The Garden of Eden produce market was created to improve access to high-quality, affordable produce for these communities. The Garden of Eden is housed in a church in an economically dep…
Self-Rated Health
The decline in SRH levels among 49- to 65-year-old African Americans is comparable to that of Whites
Neighbourhood environment and the incidence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged African Americans
Aim: To investigate the association between attributes of subject location and incidence of clinically relevant levels of depressive symptoms (CRLDS), and to investigate whether an association remained after adjusting for individual-level factors using data from the population-based African American Health Study. Methods: An 11-item depression scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale) was obtained at baseline and 3 years later thr…
The association of sidewalk walkability and physical disorder with area-level race and poverty
INTRODUCTION: There are significant differences in physical inactivity in various geographical areas and among demographic groups. Previous research suggests that walking is the most common form of physical activity; however, not all built environments support walking for recreational or transportation purposes. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which area-level factors, poverty rate and racial distribution, are ass…
Geographic variation and effect of area-level poverty rate on colorectal cancer screening
Large geographic variation of CRC screening exists in Missouri. Area-level poverty rate, independent of individual-level characteristics, is a significant predictor of CRC screening, but it only explains a small portion of the geographic heterogeneity of CRC screening. Individual-level factors we examined do not mediate the effect of the area-level poverty rate on CRC screening. Future studies should identify other area- and individual-level char…
Area-level poverty and preterm birth risk
Women residing in socioeconomically deprived areas are at increased risk of preterm birth, above other underlying risk factors. Although the risk increase is modest, it affects a large number of pregnancies
Rating neighborhoods for older adult health
Observer ratings show promise in understanding the effect of neighborhood on health outcomes. The AAH Neighborhood Assessment Scale and other rating systems should be tested further in diverse settings
Racial and Geographic Differences in Mammography Screening in St. Louis City
Age of sexual debut among US adolescents
Three-Year Measured Weight Change in the African American Health Study
Objective: This study examines 3-year weight change in African Americans. Method: Nine hundred and ninety-eight participants 49 to 65 years old were assessed at baseline and 3 years later. Weight was measured, and weight change was defined as clinically meaningful increases or decreases (± 5 kg). Potential risk factors were investigated using multinomial logistic regression. Results: In-home measured weights were available for 752 participants (7…
Antecedents of Global Decline in Health-Related Quality of Life Among Middle-Aged African Americans
Although these risk factors are for the most part nonmalleable, they can serve as markers of impending global HRQoL declines among late-middle-aged African Americans
Neighborhood conditions, diabetes, and risk of lower-body functional limitations among middle-aged African Americans
Adverse neighborhood conditions appear to exacerbate the detrimental effects on lower-body functioning associated with diabetes
Number of Sexual Partners and Associations with Initiation and Intensity of Substance Use
Predictors of Change in Grip Strength Over 3 Years in the African American Health Project
Results can be used to design interventions to improve strength outcomes
Adverse Housing and Neighborhood Conditions and Inflammatory Markers among Middle-Aged African Americans
Concordance of Commercial Data Sources for Neighborhood-Effects Studies
Neighborhood foreclosures and self-rated health among breast cancer survivors
Childhood school segregation and later life sense of control and physical performance in the African American Health cohort
Childhood school desegregation was adversely associated with the sense of control of African Americans in later life, and this reduced sense of control appears, in part, to account for their poorer physical performance. The etiologic mechanism through which childhood school segregation at the time that this cohort experienced it improved the sense of control in later life, which subsequently led to better physical performance, has not been identi…
Characteristics of Sexually Active Teenage Girls Who Would Be Pleased with Becoming Pregnant
Reliability of perceived neighbourhood conditions and the effects of measurement error on self-rated health across urban and rural neighbourhoods
BACKGROUND: Limited psychometric research has examined the reliability of self-reported measures of neighbourhood conditions, the effect of measurement error on associations between neighbourhood conditions and health, and potential differences in the reliabilities between neighbourhood strata (urban vs rural and low vs high poverty). We assessed overall and stratified reliability of self-reported perceived neighbourhood conditions using five sca…
Health Status, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context, and Premature Mortality in the United States
Objectives. We examined whether the risk of premature mortality associated with living in socioeconomically deprived neighborhoods varies according to the health status of individuals. Methods. Community-dwelling adults (n = 566 402; age = 50–71 years) in 6 US states and 2 metropolitan areas participated in the ongoing prospective National Institutes of Health–AARP Diet and Health Study, which began in 1995. We used baseline data for 565 679 part…
Medicine (37 obras) · Demography (27 obras) · Gerontology (24 obras) · Environmental health (23 obras) · Population (19 obras) · Internal Medicine (18 obras) · Demography (17 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (17 obras) · Psychology (11 obras) · Public health (11 obras)