John E Newhagen
Biographic Data
| ID | 210843 |
|---|---|
| NAME | John E Newhagen |
| GIVEN NAMES | John E |
| FAMILY NAME | Newhagen |
| SIGNATURE | NEWHAGEN J E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Maryland, College Park |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 21 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 51 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 20 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1989 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Hypernews, biological authenticity, and the mediation of what's important
A subtle but important shift is unfolding in the capture and distribution of news events brought about largely due to advances in ubiquitous communication technology. This shift has spawned a new kind of witnessing, or firsthand observation, that has the potential to change the very notion of public affairs news. To understand this shift the idea of news has to be grounded on a functional, biological foundation, first for what will be called “har…
How Journalists Think While They Write
This study explored how U.S. and Chinese journalists (N = 120) made news decisions in a transcultural context. It proposed a model of news decision making, drawing on 3 intellectual traditions—media effects, study, cognitive psychology, and decision making. To test the model, it employed a 2×2×3 factorial repeated-measures design, where the factors were nationality (United States or China), beat (overseas or domestic), and repeated measure (story…
Why Communication Researchers Should Study the Internet
Report
Interactivity, Dynamic Symbol Processing, and the Emergence of Content in Human Communication
A major step in resolving conceptual ambiguity surrounding interactivity involves making a distinction between micro-level psychological processes and the macro-level societal effects that emerge from them. The proposition cuts against the epistemological grain of social sciences, such as psychology and sociology, which have ontological commitments to a particular level of analysis. The position advanced here suggests theories where processes ope…
Routes to Media Access
Politicians, civic leaders, and a host of other good-minded citizens agree that Internet access is good. Some go so far as to see access to the Internet as a key to the reinvigoration of democratic society (e.g., Rheingold, 2000).1 Although the topic receives a great deal of public attention, discussions frequently omit the critical question, “Access to what?” One approach would reduce the issue of access to a simple discussion of power (Marx, 18…
Media Access
Conceptual Elasticity of the Public Sphere
The concept of access to a public sphere is central to any notion of a democratic society. In a real sense, the very notion of access to the public sphere defines the texture of a society’s political fabric. It can be argued that such a sphere exists even in the most repressive regimes, where ideas deemed acceptable by the authorities are debated and discussed openly-and illicit ones whispered. The concept of a public sphere has, however, been th…
Colloquy
The Emotional Appropriateness Heuristic
This study introduces the concept of the emotional appropriateness heuristic. An experiment investigated the effects of televised presidential reactions to compelling news events on memory, thought elaboration, and appropriateness evaluations made by subjects. Assessment of the news story-presidential reaction message sequences was conceptualized as an interactive cognitive process that uses the heuristic to categorize and evaluate the nonverbal …
The micro‐ and macrodrama of politics on television
A series of focus groups conducted during the 1992 presidential campaign were shown four clips of then‐candidate Bill Clinton in different political communication settings. Analysis of the focus group discourse reveals that viewers process media formats featuring close‐ups in terms of individual candidate attributes, while they regard political advertising and televised town meetings with multiple actors (candidate, audience members, and journali…
TV news images that induce anger, fear, and disgust
An experiment tested memory and approach‐avoidance ratings for television news images that induce anger, fear, and disgust. Participants rated the ¡mages by moving a computer paddle toward or away from the screen during the stimulus presentation. Anger images received the rating closest to the screen, followed by images inducing fear, and images inducing disgust. Images that induce anger were found to be the most memorable on a latency‐to‐respons…
Negative video as structure
This paper uses a limited capacity information processing theory of television viewing to investigate the effects of graphic negative video at four levels of processing (attention, capacity, encoding, and retrieval) and on two dimensions of emotional experience (arousal and valence). Results indicate that the presence of negative video in news stories increases attention, increases the amount of capacity required to process the message, increases…
Why Communication Researchers Should Study the Internet
[email protected]
A content analysis looked at 650 Internet mail messages sent to NBC Nightly News in response to an invitation during a series dealing with the impact of new technologies. Message indexes were created to reflect the scope of the audience they addressed. Macro-scopic messages were formal, dealt with political issues, and either did not mention technology or mentioned mass media. These messages resembled a letter to a newspaper editor. Mezzoscopic m…
The Expression of Emotion and Social Status in the Language of Bumper Stickers
A content analysis of a Washington, D.C., suburb looked at the emotional tone of bumper stickers in neighborhoods preselected for their racial mix and economic status. Analysis showed bumper-sticker usage was highest in low-income neighborhoods, regardless of race. High-income White neighborhoods had the most positive and intense stickers. Results are discussed in terms of the apparent discrete nature of the four groups studied. High-income Afric…
Self-Efficacy and Call-in Political Television Show Use
A survey examines call-in political television show use prior to the 1992 presidential election in a large racially and economically diverse suburb of Washington, D.C. Self-efficacy, or the sense of being able to cope with the political system, predicts call-in use. This is true even after other media use is taken into account. Social class is not a strong predictor of call-in use, despite evidence that it is important to other news media use. Bl…
Revealing the Black Box
Seth Geiger, John Newhagen; Revealing the Black Box: Information Processing and Media Effects, Journal of Communication, Volume 43, Issue 4, 1 December 199
The Evening's Bad News
This study examined the relationship between compelling negative images in television news and memory for information in the stories. Memory differences were found before, during, and after the presence of negative compelling images. Memory was worse for material that preceded the negative scenes. During negative scenes, memory was worse for semantically intact audio information such as speech than for nonsemantic aural information such as scream…
Negative and Positive Television Messages
Differential Criteria for Evaluating Credibility of Newspapers and TV News
People use different criteria to judge credibility of TV news than they do to judge newspaper credibility. Television news credibility has relentlessly out-scored newspaper credibility for nearly three decades. By 1984, respondents asked by the Roper organization which medium they would select when confronted with conflicting news reports chose television 46% of the time versus 22% for newspapers.1 The idea that television is perceived as a more …
Self-Efficacy and Call-in Political Television Show Use
A survey examines call-in political television show use prior to the 1992 presidential election in a large racially and economically diverse suburb of Washington, D.C. Self-efficacy, or the sense of being able to cope with the political system, predicts call-in use. This is true even after other media use is taken into account. Social class is not a strong predictor of call-in use, despite evidence that it is important to other news media use. Bl…
How Journalists Think While They Write
This study explored how U.S. and Chinese journalists (N = 120) made news decisions in a transcultural context. It proposed a model of news decision making, drawing on 3 intellectual traditions—media effects, study, cognitive psychology, and decision making. To test the model, it employed a 2×2×3 factorial repeated-measures design, where the factors were nationality (United States or China), beat (overseas or domestic), and repeated measure (story…
Why Communication Researchers Should Study the Internet
The micro‐ and macrodrama of politics on television
A series of focus groups conducted during the 1992 presidential campaign were shown four clips of then‐candidate Bill Clinton in different political communication settings. Analysis of the focus group discourse reveals that viewers process media formats featuring close‐ups in terms of individual candidate attributes, while they regard political advertising and televised town meetings with multiple actors (candidate, audience members, and journali…
Negative and Positive Television Messages
The Expression of Emotion and Social Status in the Language of Bumper Stickers
A content analysis of a Washington, D.C., suburb looked at the emotional tone of bumper stickers in neighborhoods preselected for their racial mix and economic status. Analysis showed bumper-sticker usage was highest in low-income neighborhoods, regardless of race. High-income White neighborhoods had the most positive and intense stickers. Results are discussed in terms of the apparent discrete nature of the four groups studied. High-income Afric…
Hypernews, biological authenticity, and the mediation of what's important
A subtle but important shift is unfolding in the capture and distribution of news events brought about largely due to advances in ubiquitous communication technology. This shift has spawned a new kind of witnessing, or firsthand observation, that has the potential to change the very notion of public affairs news. To understand this shift the idea of news has to be grounded on a functional, biological foundation, first for what will be called “har…
Report
Differential Criteria for Evaluating Credibility of Newspapers and TV News
People use different criteria to judge credibility of TV news than they do to judge newspaper credibility. Television news credibility has relentlessly out-scored newspaper credibility for nearly three decades. By 1984, respondents asked by the Roper organization which medium they would select when confronted with conflicting news reports chose television 46% of the time versus 22% for newspapers.1 The idea that television is perceived as a more …
Negative and Positive Television Messages
The Evening's Bad News
This study examined the relationship between compelling negative images in television news and memory for information in the stories. Memory differences were found before, during, and after the presence of negative compelling images. Memory was worse for material that preceded the negative scenes. During negative scenes, memory was worse for semantically intact audio information such as speech than for nonsemantic aural information such as scream…
Revealing the Black Box
Seth Geiger, John Newhagen; Revealing the Black Box: Information Processing and Media Effects, Journal of Communication, Volume 43, Issue 4, 1 December 199
Self-Efficacy and Call-in Political Television Show Use
A survey examines call-in political television show use prior to the 1992 presidential election in a large racially and economically diverse suburb of Washington, D.C. Self-efficacy, or the sense of being able to cope with the political system, predicts call-in use. This is true even after other media use is taken into account. Social class is not a strong predictor of call-in use, despite evidence that it is important to other news media use. Bl…
[email protected]
A content analysis looked at 650 Internet mail messages sent to NBC Nightly News in response to an invitation during a series dealing with the impact of new technologies. Message indexes were created to reflect the scope of the audience they addressed. Macro-scopic messages were formal, dealt with political issues, and either did not mention technology or mentioned mass media. These messages resembled a letter to a newspaper editor. Mezzoscopic m…
The Expression of Emotion and Social Status in the Language of Bumper Stickers
A content analysis of a Washington, D.C., suburb looked at the emotional tone of bumper stickers in neighborhoods preselected for their racial mix and economic status. Analysis showed bumper-sticker usage was highest in low-income neighborhoods, regardless of race. High-income White neighborhoods had the most positive and intense stickers. Results are discussed in terms of the apparent discrete nature of the four groups studied. High-income Afric…
Negative video as structure
This paper uses a limited capacity information processing theory of television viewing to investigate the effects of graphic negative video at four levels of processing (attention, capacity, encoding, and retrieval) and on two dimensions of emotional experience (arousal and valence). Results indicate that the presence of negative video in news stories increases attention, increases the amount of capacity required to process the message, increases…
Why Communication Researchers Should Study the Internet
TV news images that induce anger, fear, and disgust
An experiment tested memory and approach‐avoidance ratings for television news images that induce anger, fear, and disgust. Participants rated the ¡mages by moving a computer paddle toward or away from the screen during the stimulus presentation. Anger images received the rating closest to the screen, followed by images inducing fear, and images inducing disgust. Images that induce anger were found to be the most memorable on a latency‐to‐respons…
The Emotional Appropriateness Heuristic
This study introduces the concept of the emotional appropriateness heuristic. An experiment investigated the effects of televised presidential reactions to compelling news events on memory, thought elaboration, and appropriateness evaluations made by subjects. Assessment of the news story-presidential reaction message sequences was conceptualized as an interactive cognitive process that uses the heuristic to categorize and evaluate the nonverbal …
The micro‐ and macrodrama of politics on television
A series of focus groups conducted during the 1992 presidential campaign were shown four clips of then‐candidate Bill Clinton in different political communication settings. Analysis of the focus group discourse reveals that viewers process media formats featuring close‐ups in terms of individual candidate attributes, while they regard political advertising and televised town meetings with multiple actors (candidate, audience members, and journali…
Colloquy
Routes to Media Access
Politicians, civic leaders, and a host of other good-minded citizens agree that Internet access is good. Some go so far as to see access to the Internet as a key to the reinvigoration of democratic society (e.g., Rheingold, 2000).1 Although the topic receives a great deal of public attention, discussions frequently omit the critical question, “Access to what?” One approach would reduce the issue of access to a simple discussion of power (Marx, 18…
Media Access
Conceptual Elasticity of the Public Sphere
The concept of access to a public sphere is central to any notion of a democratic society. In a real sense, the very notion of access to the public sphere defines the texture of a society’s political fabric. It can be argued that such a sphere exists even in the most repressive regimes, where ideas deemed acceptable by the authorities are debated and discussed openly-and illicit ones whispered. The concept of a public sphere has, however, been th…
Interactivity, Dynamic Symbol Processing, and the Emergence of Content in Human Communication
A major step in resolving conceptual ambiguity surrounding interactivity involves making a distinction between micro-level psychological processes and the macro-level societal effects that emerge from them. The proposition cuts against the epistemological grain of social sciences, such as psychology and sociology, which have ontological commitments to a particular level of analysis. The position advanced here suggests theories where processes ope…
Report
Why Communication Researchers Should Study the Internet
How Journalists Think While They Write
This study explored how U.S. and Chinese journalists (N = 120) made news decisions in a transcultural context. It proposed a model of news decision making, drawing on 3 intellectual traditions—media effects, study, cognitive psychology, and decision making. To test the model, it employed a 2×2×3 factorial repeated-measures design, where the factors were nationality (United States or China), beat (overseas or domestic), and repeated measure (story…
Hypernews, biological authenticity, and the mediation of what's important
A subtle but important shift is unfolding in the capture and distribution of news events brought about largely due to advances in ubiquitous communication technology. This shift has spawned a new kind of witnessing, or firsthand observation, that has the potential to change the very notion of public affairs news. To understand this shift the idea of news has to be grounded on a functional, biological foundation, first for what will be called “har…
Psychology (14 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Media Influence and Health (8 works) · Political science (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Business (6 works) · Media studies (6 works) · Media Studies and Communication (6 works) · Advertising (5 works)