Gary N Marks
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 211379 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Gary N Marks |
| PRENOMES | Gary N |
| SOBRENOME | Marks |
| ASSINATURA | MARKS G N |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7380-5243 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 92 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 461 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 92 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
Why are students attending fee-charging second-level schools in Ireland more likely to progress to high-demand university degree courses? Evidence from the Growing Up in Ireland longitudinal survey
A small minority of Irish students attend fee-charging second-level schools. However, media analyses of the backgrounds of those students who go on to more sought-after tertiary educational institutions or degree courses suggest that a disproportionate number of them were attendees at fee-charging schools. There are a few reasons why this might be the case. In this analysis, the longitudinal data points of the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) study ar…
The importance of parental ability for cognitive ability and student achievement
How much do students’ scores in Pisa reflect general intelligence and how much do they reflect specific abilities
International Large-Scale Assessments (LSA) allow comparisons of education systems’ effectiveness in promoting student learning in specific domains, such as reading, mathematics, and science. However, it has been argued that students’ scores in International LSAs mostly reflect general cognitive ability (g). This study examines the extent to which students’ scores in reading, mathematics, science, and a Raven’s Progressive Matrices test reflect g…
School socioeconomic-background effects are generally small
Recently in this journal, Sciffer, Perry, and McConney (2020 Sciffer, Michael G., Laura B. Perry, and Andrew McConney. 2020. “Critiques of Socio-Economic School Compositional Effects: Are They Valid?” British Journal of Sociology of Education 41 (4): 462–475. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2020.1736000.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) argued that school socioeconomic-background (SES) compositional effects ar…
Should value‐added school effects models include student‐ and school‐level covariates? Evidence from Australian population assessment data
There is an enduring issue on whether student‐ and school‐level covariates should be included in value‐added school effects models, in addition to prior achievement. Proponents argue that the addition of covariates allows fairer comparisons of schools, whereas opponents argue that it excuses poorly performing schools and obscures policy‐relevant school differences. School‐level covariates are problematic statistically, but it has been argued that…
Occupational mobility and cognitive ability
This commentary critiques Betthäuser, Bourne and Bukodi's (2020) paper which finds that cognitive ability does not substantially mediate class of origin effects on educational and occupational outcomes. From these results, they conclude that cognitive ability is only of minor importance for social stratification, reasserting their view of the primacy of class origins for social stratification. The central issue surrounding cognitive ability in so…
Accounting for language background differences in the Australian National Assessments – Literacy and Numeracy
This study examines language background differences in the Australian National Assessments – Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN), and the extent that language background differences are accounted for by socioeconomic background, schools and contemporary influences. There are sizable, sometimes very large, differences in performance by language background. Students with Eastern and Southern Asian language backgrounds exhibited high, sometimes very high…
Socioeconomic background, education, cognitive ability and genetics
Evaluation of a computer-based and counseling support intervention to improve HIV patients’ viral loads
We sought to integrate a brief computer and counseling support intervention into the routine practices of HIV clinics and evaluate effects on patients' viral loads. The project targeted HIV patients in care whose viral loads exceeded 1000 copies/ml at the time of recruitment. Three HIV clinics initiated the intervention immediately, and three other HIV clinics delayed onset for 16 months and served as concurrent controls for evaluating outcomes. …
Education Systems and Inequalities
Family Income Has Only Weak Effects on Cognitive Scores in Australia
A recent Demography article by Khanam
Social and psychological correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among Hispanic-American women
Heterosexual anal intercourse is associated with increased risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Research on the social and psychological risk factors associated with heterosexual unprotected anal intercourse among Hispanic women in the USA is limited. We examined demographic, mental health, relationship power, sexual self-efficacy, self-esteem, acculturation and HIV knowledge as correlates of unprotected anal intercourse among …
The declining influence of family background on educational attainment in Australia
Education and Income Distribution
Multilevel Governance and the State
Experience of Forced Sex and Subsequent Sexual, Drug, and Mental Health Outcomes
OBJECTIVES: = 1,509) self-reports of unwanted forced sex and its association with behavioral and mental health outcomes after the event. METHODS: Twenty percent of the women had experienced forced sex (1st occurrence at age 15 years or younger for 10%, 1st occurrence at older than 15 years of age for 10%). RESULTS: Regardless of when forced sex 1st occurred, women were more likely to have engaged in unprotected vaginal and anal sex, to have had m…
Withdrawn
Evaluating Effectively Maintained Inequality
Measuring Retention in HIV Care
BACKGROUND: Measuring retention in HIV primary care is complex, as care includes multiple visits scheduled at varying intervals over time. We evaluated 6 commonly used retention measures in predicting viral load (VL) suppression and the correlation among measures. METHODS: Clinic-wide patient-level data from 6 academic HIV clinics were used for 12 months preceding implementation of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Health Resources a…
Homophobia is Associated with Sexual Behavior that Increases Risk of Acquiring and Transmitting HIV Infection Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men
Having Supportive Social Relationships is Associated with Reduced Risk of Unrecognized HIV Infection Among Black and Latino Men who Have Sex with Men
Sexual Risk Behaviors among African-American and Hispanic Women in Five Counties in the Southeastern United States
Issues in the Conceptualisation and Measurement of Socioeconomic Background
Meritocracy, modernization and students’ occupational expectations
Rise of Regional Authority
Adverse effects of acculturation
Accounting for immigrant non-immigrant differences in reading and mathematics in twenty countries
Both national and international studies of education often show that the performance of immigrant students is substantially lower than that of non-immigrant students. This article investigates the contribution of socio-economic, sociocultural and school factors to the relative performance of first- and second-generation immigrant students in twenty countries using data from the OECD's 2000 Program for International Student Assessment. In most cou…
Cross-National Differences and Accounting for Social Class Inequalities in Education
This article focuses on two questions relating to social class inequalities in education: cross-national differences and the contribution of material, cultural and school factors in accounting for the relationship. These questions are addressed using the EGP measure of occupational class and student performance in reading literacy in 30 countries. The pattern of cross-national differences is more closely associated with indicators of modernizatio…
Are Father's or Mother's Socioeconomic Characteristics More Important Influences on Student Performance? Recent International Evidence
Influences and Consequences of Well-being Among Australian Young People
Issues in the Conceptualisation and Measurement of Socioeconomic Background
Health risk behaviors of Hispanics in the United States
With data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES), we examined several health risk behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, dietary practices, and recency of health screening) of Mexican American, Cuban American, and Puerto Rican adults (ages 20-74). For each sample, a greater percentage of men than women smoked cigarettes and used alcohol. Heavy smoking (20+ cigarettes per day) was most prevalent for Cuban American m…
Sources of electoral support for minor parties
The Formation of Materialist and Postmaterialist Values
Self-disclosure of HIV infection to sexual partners
Self-disclosure of HIV infection to current sexual partners was examined in 138 seropositive men, mostly lower income Hispanics, from Los Angeles. Forty-five percent had been sexually active since learning their serostatus. Of these, 52% had kept their infection secret from one or more partners. The likelihood of disclosure decreased in direct proportion to the number of partners. Nondisclosure occurred in conjunction with unprotected receptive a…
Health behavior of elderly Hispanic women
The role of cultural assimilation in Hispanic health behavior has received little empirical examination. Prior studies have operationalized assimilation primarily in terms of language preference and have obtained weak or no effects. We interviewed 603 elderly Hispanic women residing in Los Angeles to evaluate the usefulness of cultural factors as predictors of preventive health behavior (e.g., physical examination, screening for breast cancer) mo…
Partisanship and the vote in Australia
The Measurement of Socio-Economic Inequalities in Education
The question of declines of socio-economic inequalities in education is an important issue to both sociologists and policy-makers. There are two schools of thought one maintaining that declines in socio-economic inequalities have occurred, and the opposing school maintaining that such inequalities have remained stable. The no-decline argument is exemplified by Shavit and Blossfeld in their (1993) book Persistent Inequality, where they conclude th…
Sexual Risk Behaviors of HIV-Positive, HIV-Negative, and Serostatus-Unknown Black Men Who Have Sex with Men and Women
Family Size, Family Type and Student Achievement
This paper examines the effects of family size and family type on student achievement in reading and mathematics using data from 30 countries. In most countries, socioeconomic background accounts for a sizable part of the effects of family size on student achievement. There was little evidence for the resource dilution explanation to account for the effects of family size. Socioeconomic background and, in many countries, material resources accoun…
The Mass Media, Election Campaigning and Voter Response
Focusing on `capital-intensive politics', election campaign advertising in the `paid' and `unpaid' media is analysed for its impact on voters, as part of a suite of influences commonly seen to affect voter behaviour. The Australian experience from the 1990 federal election campaign supports a `modest impact' thesis, that campaign news, advertising and related activities reported in the mass media are significant among a number of secondary determ…
Forecasting Australian elections
The link between economic conditions and election outcomes is a pillar of social science. Voters prefer ‘better times’ to worse and reward or punish incumbents accordingly. We investigate the extent to which this truism holds in the Australian context, with particular emphasis on the 1993 result. While Australian election outcomes are generally not well predicted by prevailing economic conditions, we are impressed by the extent to which the 1993 …
Consideration of Future Consequences and Unprotected Anal Intercourse Among Men Who Have Sex with Men
This study of men who have sex with men (MSM) examined whether tendencies to consider the future consequences of one's actions were associated with sexual behaviors that place oneself at risk for HIV infection. A total of 339 HIV-negative MSM responded to the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC; Strathman et al., 1994) and to questions about their anal intercourse practices in the past year. In bivariate analyses, men with a stronger …
Declining inequality? The changing impact of socio-economic background and ability on education in Australia
The paper addresses several debates surrounding the reproduction of socio-economic inequality: (i) the persistent inequality thesis, which maintains that despite the increases in educational participation socio-economic inequalities in education have not declined; (ii) the related thesis of maximally maintained inequality, which proposes that socio-economic inequalities decline only when participation levels for the most privileged socio-economic…
Appraisal of health risks
The study examined the relationship between gender role orientation and appraisals of health risks. A random sample of college students from a U.S. university responded to the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). Subjects also were presented with sets of scenarios that depicted health-threatening events. They rated the extent to which different environmental events and the degree to which immediate illness symptoms posed a threat to their health. The r…
Modernization Theory and Changes Over Time in the Reproduction of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Australia
Journal Article Modernization Theory and Changes Over Time in the Reproduction of Socioeconomic Inequalities in Australia Get access Gary N. Marks Gary N. Marks Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research Direct correspondence to Gary N. Marks, Research Associate-Associate Prof essor, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, Level 7 161 Barry St., University of Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia. E-mail: gmarks@…
Role of health locus of control beliefs and expectations of treatment efficacy in adjustment to cancer
We examined the effects of health locus of control beliefs (self-, doctor, and chance control) and expectations of treatment efficacy on short-term psychological adjustment in a sample of newly diagnosed cancer patients. The role of these beliefs and expectations in moderating the relation between (perceived and actual) disease severity and depression was also examined. The data were collected within one week of diagnosis. The relation between pe…
The importance of parental ability for cognitive ability and student achievement
Evaluating Effectively Maintained Inequality
The declining influence of family background on educational attainment in Australia
Effect of targets' physical attractiveness on assumptions of similarity
Assumed Similarity Between Self and Other
This experiment examined the effect of expecting to interact socially with another person upon the degree of attitudinal similarity assumed to exist between oneself and that person. Male and female undergraduates were tested individually along with a same-sex undergraduate confederate who posed as a naive subject. The subject and confederate independently examined a written account of factual evidence ostensibly presented during an actual courtro…
Role of health locus of control beliefs and expectations of treatment efficacy in adjustment to cancer
We examined the effects of health locus of control beliefs (self-, doctor, and chance control) and expectations of treatment efficacy on short-term psychological adjustment in a sample of newly diagnosed cancer patients. The role of these beliefs and expectations in moderating the relation between (perceived and actual) disease severity and depression was also examined. The data were collected within one week of diagnosis. The relation between pe…
Ten years of research on the false-consensus effect
Ten years of research on the false-consensus effect
Ten years of research on the false-consensus effect (Ross, Greene, & House, 1977) and related biases in social perception (e.g., assumed similarity and overestimation of consensus) are examined in the light of four general theoretical perspectives: (a) selective exposure and cognitive availability
Health behavior of elderly Hispanic women
The role of cultural assimilation in Hispanic health behavior has received little empirical examination. Prior studies have operationalized assimilation primarily in terms of language preference and have obtained weak or no effects. We interviewed 603 elderly Hispanic women residing in Los Angeles to evaluate the usefulness of cultural factors as predictors of preventive health behavior (e.g., physical examination, screening for breast cancer) mo…
Semi-Peripheries or Particular Pathways
The paper deals comparatively with the class structures of Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Four hypotheses, which could account for the similarities and differences in class structure, are identified. The first is based on their semi-peripheral status in the world economy; the second, pertaining particularly to Canada, argues for an 'Americanisation effect'; the third is based on their similar heritage in the context of dominion capitalism; wh…
Health risk behaviors of Hispanics in the United States
With data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HHANES), we examined several health risk behaviors (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, dietary practices, and recency of health screening) of Mexican American, Cuban American, and Puerto Rican adults (ages 20-74). For each sample, a greater percentage of men than women smoked cigarettes and used alcohol. Heavy smoking (20+ cigarettes per day) was most prevalent for Cuban American m…
Adverse effects of acculturation
Self-disclosure of HIV infection to sexual partners
Self-disclosure of HIV infection to current sexual partners was examined in 138 seropositive men, mostly lower income Hispanics, from Los Angeles. Forty-five percent had been sexually active since learning their serostatus. Of these, 52% had kept their infection secret from one or more partners. The likelihood of disclosure decreased in direct proportion to the number of partners. Nondisclosure occurred in conjunction with unprotected receptive a…
Language Acculturation and Screening Practices of Elderly Hispanic Women
The present study examined the hypothesis that language acculturation of Hispanics in the United States increases their exposure to media-based health information which, in turn, increases medical screening practices and knowledge of cancer symptoms. We interviewed 598 elderly Hispanic women (55-92 years of age) residing in Los Angeles. Language acculturation was measured with items on understanding of English and language preference for interper…
Sources of electoral support for minor parties
Structural Policy and Multilevel Governance in the EC
Partisanship and the vote in Australia
Intra- and extra-familial political socialization
The Australian federal election of 1993
Explaining Labor's Win at the 1993 Australian Federal Election
This paper investigates Labor's victory at the 1993 Australian Federal election. In the aftermath of the election a variety of explanations emerged endeavoring to account for the result. From these explanations factors claimed as important are investigated for their influence on vote choice and importantly their contribution to the parties' shares of the vote. Confirming aspects of some of the explanations, the factors which gave the ALP the grea…
Forecasting Australian elections
The link between economic conditions and election outcomes is a pillar of social science. Voters prefer ‘better times’ to worse and reward or punish incumbents accordingly. We investigate the extent to which this truism holds in the Australian context, with particular emphasis on the 1993 result. While Australian election outcomes are generally not well predicted by prevailing economic conditions, we are impressed by the extent to which the 1993 …
Comparative Social Fluidity
This article applies loglinear models of social mobility to six surveys in Australia and Japan covering the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, distinguishing vertical from nonvertical effects. We carry out point and trend analyses that further confirm the Featherman, Jones and Hauser (FJH) hypothesis about the fundamental invariance of mobility regimes in industrial societies. Apart from developing the underlying theory further, we test for invariance in p…
The prevalence of patient disclosure of HIV infection to doctors
The prevalence of patient disclosure of HIV infection to doctors. G Marks, H R Mason, and J M SimoniCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.85.7.1018 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Appraisal of health risks
The study examined the relationship between gender role orientation and appraisals of health risks. A random sample of college students from a U.S. university responded to the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI). Subjects also were presented with sets of scenarios that depicted health-threatening events. They rated the extent to which different environmental events and the degree to which immediate illness symptoms posed a threat to their health. The r…
Social Movements and the Changing Structure of Political Opportunity in the European Union
New Politics? The Mabo Debate and Public Opinion Native Title in Australia
The Australian High Court's decision on the Mabo case, allowing native title to Aboriginal Australians, became the major political issue during the second half of 1993. The Labor party's championing of this issue is suggestive of a fundamental change in Australian politics as predicted by ‘new politics’ theorists such as Ronald Inglehart. This paper examines the formation of opinions on the Mabo with particular reference to new politics. Several …
Disclosing HIV status and sexual orientation to employers
Seropositive gay and bisexual men who reveal their sexual orientation or HIV/AIDS status to their employer risk discriminatory reprisals. However, non-disclosure may limit potential social, emotional, and tangible support. Among our sample of 389 seropositive gay and bisexual men employed in the US, 52% were 'out' to their employer and 35% had disclosed their serostatus to him or her. Among gay men, employer awareness of their sexual orientation …
Missed Opportunities? Disclosure of HIV Infection and Support Seeking Among HIV+ African-American and European-American Men
Psychology (53 obras) · Medicine (44 obras) · Demography (43 obras) · Sociology (42 obras) · Economics (30 obras) · Political science (28 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (27 obras) · Population (24 obras) · Family medicine (21 obras) · Social Psychology (21 obras)