Neeraj Kaushal
Biographic Data
| ID | 221049 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Neeraj Kaushal |
| GIVEN NAMES | Neeraj |
| FAMILY NAME | Kaushal |
| SIGNATURE | KAUSHAL N |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6466-1367 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 52 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 377 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 52 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 12 |
Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth among Refugee Service Providers in Istanbul, Turkey
This article examines the scope and prevalence of vicarious posttraumatic growth (VPTG) among service providers working with Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey. VPTG is the phenomenon that, under certain conditions, exposure to traumatic material because of work with traumatized individuals can result in positive psychological growth. This growth can include greater appreciation for life, changed priorities, and an enriched spiritual life, among…
A model of employment discrimination against minorities
This paper explores how minority group size moderates the effect of employer prejudice on hiring discrimination. We propose a simple job search model in which prejudiced employers retain hiring discretion but are legally required to offer equal pay to all workers. Our analysis suggests that employers are more likely to exclude smaller minority groups from employment; however, as the minority population increases, employment discrimination diminis…
Exchange Rate Fluctuations and Immigrant Labor Supply
Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health Symptomology, and Mental Health and Protective Service Use among Syrian Refugee Women with Children in Jordan
Refugee women with children are at increased risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) and adverse mental health outcomes. This paper examines (1) the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among 412 Syrian refugee women with children outside camps in Jordan who experienced past-year physical and/or sexual IPV, and (2) the relationship between IPV and mental health among the women. Multivariable logistic regres…
Suicidal behaviors among refugee women in Jordan: Post-traumatic stress disorder, social support and post-displacement stressors
Agencies and practitioners addressing suicidal behaviors among Syrian refugee women should provide interventions that aim to reduce PTSD symptoms and social isolation. Potential intervention includes screening for mental health symptoms and suicidal behaviors during routine visits with service providers, as well as providing proper mental health and psychosocial support services according to the mapping of available services
Examining Attitudes toward Asians throughout the Covid-19 Pandemic with Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey Experiments
This study examines how COVID-induced and general attitudes toward Asians have changed over the course of the pandemic using nationally representative survey experiments in 2020 and 2022. First, we measured COVID-induced anti-Asian attitudes as the effect of a treatment reminding respondents of the pandemic on whether respondents would be willing to live or work with someone who is East or South Asian. The results suggest that the COVID-19 treatm…
Manifestations and drivers of secondary trauma among service providers working with Syrian refugees: A mixed-methods study from Istanbul, Turkey
This mixed-methods study explores the incidence, manifestations, and drivers of secondary traumatic stress among service providers who work with Syrian refugees in Istanbul, Turkey. A survey of 104 social workers and other providers working in 17 public and civil society agencies in Istanbul in 2018 demonstrates that 54.81% had Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale scores indicating mild to severe secondary traumatic stress. In total, 28 qualitative i…
The Role of Politics in Public Views About Immigrants
Perceived Discrimination and Poverty among Syrian Refugee Women in Jordan
The Syrian Civil War displaced millions of Syrian women and children, many of whom face economic challenges and discrimination. This paper examines self-reported poverty and its relationship with perceived discrimination among women, as framed by social exclusion theory. The cross-sectional study included 507 Syrian refugee women visiting health clinics outside camps in Jordan. Consistent with our hypothesis, 79.09% of women reported poverty as a…
The Exclusion of Immigrants from Welfare Programs: Cross-National Analysis and Contemporary Developments
Risk factors for miscarriage in Syrian refugee women living in non-camp settings in Jordan: Results from the Women Aspire cross-sectional study
We identified several risk factors for miscarriage in Syrian refugee women living in non-camp settings in Jordan. The risk factors may be amenable to preconception and prenatal care
Secondary Traumatic Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Symptoms Among Service Providers Working with Syrian Refugees in Istanbul, Turkey
Gender Differences in Immigrant Assimilation Activities in the US: Evidence from Time-Use Data
This study uses the American Time Use Survey for 2003–17 to explore gender differences in time allocated toward activities that facilitate immigrant assimilation, including activities outside the home, with non-family members, and in paid work, education, and shopping. The study finds that among the first and 1.5 generations, respectively, wives spend seventy-nine and thirty-one minutes less per day than husbands in market work, education, and sh…
American Attitudes Toward Covid-19: More Trumpism Than Partisanship
We investigate how support for President Donald Trump, beyond partisanship, guided Americans’ attitudes toward COVID-19. This speaks to not just how “Trumpism” and the Trump administration’s handling of the pandemic influenced public attitudes but to the larger issue of how Trump’s hold on voters within and beyond the Republican Party provides further evidence that leaders surpass the role of parties in influencing public opinion. Using longitudi…
Timing of social distancing policies and Covid-19 mortality: County-level evidence from the U.S
Using county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), we examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality in the United States. Our estimates suggest that adopting safer-at-home orders or non-essential business closures 1 day before infections double can curtail the COVID-19 death rate by 1.9%. This finding proves robust to alt…
Trends in the Economic Wellbeing of Unmarried-Parent Families with Children: New Estimates Using an Improved Measure of Poverty
What Explains the Gap in Welfare Use Among Immigrants and Natives
Medicaid Expansions and Participation in Supplemental Security Income by Noncitizens
Objectives. To estimate the effect of Medicaid expansion on noncitizens’ and citizens’ participation in the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. The Affordable Care Act (ACA) expanded Medicaid eligibility to cover low-income nonelderly adults without children, thus delinking their Medicaid participation from participation in the SSI program. Methods. Using data from the Social Security Administration for 2009 through 2018 (n = 1020 state-y…
Do refugees impact voting behavior in the host country? Evidence from Syrian refugee inflows to Turkey
How children's education affects caregiving: Evidence from parent’s last years of life
Reducing poverty among children: Evidence from state policy simulations
Young adult poverty in historical perspective: The role of policy supports and early labor market experiences
Blaming Immigrants: Nationalism and the Economics of Global Movement
Economist Neeraj Kaushal investigates the rising anxiety in host countries and tests common complaints against immigration. She finds that immigration, on balance, is beneficial. It is neither the volume nor pace of immigration, but the willingness of nations to accept, absorb, and manage new flows of immigration that is fueling disaffection
Culture, Labor Supply, and Fertility Across Immigrant Generations in the United States
Recent immigration to the United States and other developed nations has increasingly been from countries that have relatively traditional gender norms. This study uses data from the Current Population Survey for 2000–14 to investigate how source-country gender norms influence the labor supply and fertility of married women across immigrant generations in the US. It finds that immigrants’ and descendants’ labor supply and fertility are associated …
Health and Mental Health Effects of Local Immigration Enforcement
We study the effect of two local immigration enforcement policies — Section 287(g) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act and the Secure Communities Program (SC) — on the health and mental health outcomes of Latino immigrants living in the United States. We use the restricted-use National Health Interview Survey for 2000–2012 and adopt a difference-in-difference research design. Estimates suggest that SC increased the …
Waging War on Poverty: Poverty Trends Using a Historical Supplemental Poverty Measure
Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey and the March Current Population Survey, we provide poverty estimates for 1967 to 2012 based on a historical Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM). During this period, poverty, as officially measured, has stagnated. However, the official poverty measure (OPM) does not account for the effect of near-cash transfers on the financial resources available to families, an important omission since such transfe…
In‐state tuition for the undocumented: Education effects on Mexican young adults
This paper examines the effect of tuition subsidy in the form of in‐state tuition to undocumented students on the education of noncitizen Mexican young adults. The policy is found to be associated with a 2.5 percentage point increase in college enrollment (base mean = 8%), a 3.7 percentage point increase in the proportion of students with at least some college education (base mean = 10%), and a 1.3 percentage point increase in the proportion with…
From Welfare to Work: Has Welfare Reform Worked
This paper discusses estimates of the effect of welfare reform,as measured by the imposition of time limits and family cap provisions, on the employment and fertility of less educated unmarried women. This analysis shows that welfare reform has induced less educated unmarried women to move from welfare to work in significant numbers. The imposition of time limits and other administrative reforms correlated with it have increased the employment of…
Health and Mental Health Effects of Local Immigration Enforcement
We study the effect of two local immigration enforcement policies — Section 287(g) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act and the Secure Communities Program (SC) — on the health and mental health outcomes of Latino immigrants living in the United States. We use the restricted-use National Health Interview Survey for 2000–2012 and adopt a difference-in-difference research design. Estimates suggest that SC increased the …
Women’s Education: Harbinger of Another Spring? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Turkey
How Public Pension affects Elderly Labor Supply and Well-being: Evidence from India
Improving the Measurement of Poverty
This study estimates 2007 national poverty rates using an approach largely conceptualized by a 1995 National Academy of Sciences panel and similar to the supplemental poverty measure that will soon be produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. The study uses poverty thresholds based on expenditures for shelter, food, clothing, and utilities, as well as a measure of family income that includes earnings, cash transfers, near-cash benefits, tax credits, an…
Immigrant employment and earnings growth in Canada and the USA: Evidence from longitudinal data
Progress on Poverty? New Estimates of Historical Trends Using an Anchored Supplemental Poverty Measure
This study examines historical trends in poverty using an anchored version of the U.S. Census Bureau's recently developed Research Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) estimated back to 1967. Although the SPM is estimated each year using a quasi-relative poverty threshold that varies over time with changes in families' expenditures on a core basket of goods and services, this study explores trends in poverty using an absolute, or anchored, SPM thre…
Earning Trajectories of Highly Educated Immigrants: Does Place of Education Matter
The author compares the earnings and earning trajectories of U.S. college-educated immigrants with those of similar immigrants who completed their education abroad using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the 1993 and 2003 National Surveys of College Graduates. Adjusting for demographics, results based on cross-sectional data suggest that the annual earnings of college-educated, foreign-born men were 9% less than those of similar U.S.-bor…
Welfare Reform and Family Expenditures: How Are Single Mothers Adapting to the New Welfare and Work Regime
This work studies the association between welfare reform, broadly defined to include an array of social policy changes affecting low‐income families in the 1990s, and expenditure patterns of poor single‐mother families. The findings suggest that welfare reform is not associated with any statistically significant change in total expenditures in families headed by low‐educated single mothers. However, patterns of expenditure changed. The reform pol…
Immigrant and native responses to welfare reform
Unhealthy assimilation or persistent health advantage? A longitudinal analysis of immigrant health in the United States
Do refugees impact voting behavior in the host country? Evidence from Syrian refugee inflows to Turkey
Wealth, race/ethnicity, and children's educational outcomes
Recent Immigration to Canada and the United States: A Mixed Tale of Relative Selection
Using large-scale census data and adjusting for sending-country fixed effect to account for changing composition of immigrants, we study relative immigrant selection to Canada and the U.S. during 1990–2006, a period characterized by diverging immigration policies in the two countries. Results show a gradual change in selection patterns in educational attainment and host-country language proficiency in favor of Canada as its post-1990 immigration …
Timing of social distancing policies and Covid-19 mortality: County-level evidence from the U.S
Using county-level data on COVID-19 mortality and infections, along with county-level information on the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), we examine how the speed of NPI adoption affected COVID-19 mortality in the United States. Our estimates suggest that adopting safer-at-home orders or non-essential business closures 1 day before infections double can curtail the COVID-19 death rate by 1.9%. This finding proves robust to alt…
Health of newly arrived immigrants in Canada and the United States: Differential selection on health
Culture, Labor Supply, and Fertility Across Immigrant Generations in the United States
Recent immigration to the United States and other developed nations has increasingly been from countries that have relatively traditional gender norms. This study uses data from the Current Population Survey for 2000–14 to investigate how source-country gender norms influence the labor supply and fertility of married women across immigrant generations in the US. It finds that immigrants’ and descendants’ labor supply and fertility are associated …
Trends in Deep Poverty from 1968 to 2011: The Influence of Family Structure, Employment Patterns, and the Safety Net
Liana Fox, Christopher Wimer, Irwin Garfinkel, Neeraj Kaushal, JaeHyun Nam, Jane Waldfogel, Trends in Deep Poverty from 1968 to 2011: The Influence of Family Structure, Employment Patterns, and the Safety Net, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, Severe Deprivation in America (November 2015), pp. 14-34
How Consumer Price Subsidies affect Nutrition
Gender Differences in Immigrant Assimilation Activities in the US: Evidence from Time-Use Data
This study uses the American Time Use Survey for 2003–17 to explore gender differences in time allocated toward activities that facilitate immigrant assimilation, including activities outside the home, with non-family members, and in paid work, education, and shopping. The study finds that among the first and 1.5 generations, respectively, wives spend seventy-nine and thirty-one minutes less per day than husbands in market work, education, and sh…
Young adult poverty in historical perspective: The role of policy supports and early labor market experiences
Reducing poverty among children: Evidence from state policy simulations
Elderly immigrants' labor supply response to supplemental security income
This paper examined how the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which banned Supplemental Security Income (SSI) for the majority of elderly immigrants, affected their employment, retirement, and family incomes. The policy was found to be associated with a 3.5 percentage point (9.5 percent) increase in the employment and a 3.8 percentage point (7 percent) decrease in the retirement of foreign‐born elderly men. Par…
From Welfare to Work: Has Welfare Reform Worked
From Welfare to Work: Has Welfare Reform Worked
This paper discusses estimates of the effect of welfare reform,as measured by the imposition of time limits and family cap provisions, on the employment and fertility of less educated unmarried women. This analysis shows that welfare reform has induced less educated unmarried women to move from welfare to work in significant numbers. The imposition of time limits and other administrative reforms correlated with it have increased the employment of…
Migration consequences of welfare reform
Immigrant and native responses to welfare reform
Welfare Reform and Health of Immigrant Women and their Children
Welfare Reform and Family Expenditures: How Are Single Mothers Adapting to the New Welfare and Work Regime
This work studies the association between welfare reform, broadly defined to include an array of social policy changes affecting low‐income families in the 1990s, and expenditure patterns of poor single‐mother families. The findings suggest that welfare reform is not associated with any statistically significant change in total expenditures in families headed by low‐educated single mothers. However, patterns of expenditure changed. The reform pol…
In‐state tuition for the undocumented: Education effects on Mexican young adults
This paper examines the effect of tuition subsidy in the form of in‐state tuition to undocumented students on the education of noncitizen Mexican young adults. The policy is found to be associated with a 2.5 percentage point increase in college enrollment (base mean = 8%), a 3.7 percentage point increase in the proportion of students with at least some college education (base mean = 10%), and a 1.3 percentage point increase in the proportion with…
Elderly immigrants' labor supply response to supplemental security income
This paper examined how the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which banned Supplemental Security Income (SSI) for the majority of elderly immigrants, affected their employment, retirement, and family incomes. The policy was found to be associated with a 3.5 percentage point (9.5 percent) increase in the employment and a 3.8 percentage point (7 percent) decrease in the retirement of foreign‐born elderly men. Par…
Wealth, race/ethnicity, and children's educational outcomes
Improving the Measurement of Poverty
This study estimates 2007 national poverty rates using an approach largely conceptualized by a 1995 National Academy of Sciences panel and similar to the supplemental poverty measure that will soon be produced by the U.S. Census Bureau. The study uses poverty thresholds based on expenditures for shelter, food, clothing, and utilities, as well as a measure of family income that includes earnings, cash transfers, near-cash benefits, tax credits, an…
Earning Trajectories of Highly Educated Immigrants: Does Place of Education Matter
The author compares the earnings and earning trajectories of U.S. college-educated immigrants with those of similar immigrants who completed their education abroad using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from the 1993 and 2003 National Surveys of College Graduates. Adjusting for demographics, results based on cross-sectional data suggest that the annual earnings of college-educated, foreign-born men were 9% less than those of similar U.S.-bor…
Effect of immigrant nurses on labor market outcomes of US nurses
How Public Pension affects Elderly Labor Supply and Well-being: Evidence from India
Earnings growth of Mexican immigrants: New Versus Traditional Destinations
We study the earnings of Mexican immigrants in their traditional and newer destinations in the US. Analysis based on longitudinal data suggests that during 2001-2009, the real wage of Mexican immigrants increased 1-2% a year at the traditional destinations, but remained mostly statistically insignificant at the newer destinations. Mexicans at the traditional destinations exhibited greater residential stability: internal migration, non-follow up i…
Women’s Education: Harbinger of Another Spring? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Turkey
Trends in Deep Poverty from 1968 to 2011: The Influence of Family Structure, Employment Patterns, and the Safety Net
Liana Fox, Christopher Wimer, Irwin Garfinkel, Neeraj Kaushal, JaeHyun Nam, Jane Waldfogel, Trends in Deep Poverty from 1968 to 2011: The Influence of Family Structure, Employment Patterns, and the Safety Net, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, Severe Deprivation in America (November 2015), pp. 14-34
How Consumer Price Subsidies affect Nutrition
Waging War on Poverty: Poverty Trends Using a Historical Supplemental Poverty Measure
Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey and the March Current Population Survey, we provide poverty estimates for 1967 to 2012 based on a historical Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM). During this period, poverty, as officially measured, has stagnated. However, the official poverty measure (OPM) does not account for the effect of near-cash transfers on the financial resources available to families, an important omission since such transfe…
Recent Immigration to Canada and the United States: A Mixed Tale of Relative Selection
Using large-scale census data and adjusting for sending-country fixed effect to account for changing composition of immigrants, we study relative immigrant selection to Canada and the U.S. during 1990–2006, a period characterized by diverging immigration policies in the two countries. Results show a gradual change in selection patterns in educational attainment and host-country language proficiency in favor of Canada as its post-1990 immigration …
Are Foreign-Trained Nurses Perfect Substitutes for U.S.-Trained Nurses
The authors investigate whether foreign- and U.S.-trained nurses are substitutes by studying the differences in their wages and whether wage differentials respond to relative supplies of foreign- and U.S.-trained nurses. Regression estimates suggest that foreign-trained nurses without a bachelor’s degree enjoy a wage premium of 1 to 3% over similar U.S.-trained nurses after adjusting for demographic, workplace, work type, and geographic differenc…
Effect of Food Subsidies on Micronutrient Consumption
In this article, we study the effect of an exogenous increase in wheat and rice price subsidy to poor families resulting from a targeted food price subsidy programme in India called the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) on micronutrient intake in low-income families. Descriptive results show that wheat and rice have one of the lowest micronutrient density scores, suggesting that these are poor suppliers of micronutrients. Empirical analy…
Immigrant employment and earnings growth in Canada and the USA: Evidence from longitudinal data
Progress on Poverty? New Estimates of Historical Trends Using an Anchored Supplemental Poverty Measure
This study examines historical trends in poverty using an anchored version of the U.S. Census Bureau's recently developed Research Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) estimated back to 1967. Although the SPM is estimated each year using a quasi-relative poverty threshold that varies over time with changes in families' expenditures on a core basket of goods and services, this study explores trends in poverty using an absolute, or anchored, SPM thre…
Health of newly arrived immigrants in Canada and the United States: Differential selection on health
Missing time with parents: Son preference among Asians in the USA
Economics (37 works) · Demographic economics (32 works) · Political science (26 works) · Sociology (25 works) · Demography (23 works) · Medicine (22 works) · Demography (21 works) · Migration and Labor Dynamics (19 works) · Immigration (18 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (17 works)