Niranjan Saggurti
Biographic Data
| ID | 222246 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Niranjan Saggurti |
| GIVEN NAMES | Niranjan |
| FAMILY NAME | Saggurti |
| SIGNATURE | SAGGURTI N |
| AFFILIATIONS | Population Council Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5267-8425 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 66 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 61 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 66 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2006 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Trends and patterns of inequality in modern contraceptive use in urban and rural India: Are family planning programmes increasingly reaching the marginalized
India has made good progress in the use of modern contraceptives in recent decades, however identifying women who are left behind is important to policy makers for further improving availability, accessibility, and coverage of family planning services to the marginalized population and hence achieving the international and national development agenda. Using five rounds of the National Family Health Survey data conducted between 1992–93 to 2019–21…
What About Well‐Being? Measuring What We Really Care About in Sexual and Reproductive Health
The well‐being of individuals and communities is increasingly recognized as a core objective of economic and global development policies and programs. However, existing measures of well‐being neglect sexual and reproductive experiences, which are core dimensions of people's lives. While there has been increasing attention to the concept of sexual well‐being, measures of sexual and reproductive health are predominantly deficit‐based and ignore whe…
Intention to Use Contraception: Promises and Pitfalls of Family Planning's Emerging Demand Indicator
The “intention to use” (ITU) contraception indicator has gained recent prominence as a proposed high‐level success metric for family planning (FP) programs and as a step toward identifying measures that better capture what women want. Although ITU offers advantages over traditional indicators like contraceptive prevalence and unmet need, its elevation as a key programmatic measure requires critical examination. In this commentary, we outline adva…
Advancing New Directions for Family Planning Measurement
Un]met Need and [Un]wanted Family Planning: A Cross‐Sectional Study Among Women in Argentina, Ghana, and India Examining Characteristics, Reasons, and Alignment With Fertility Desires
Unwanted family planning often refers to fertility desires as a proxy for contraceptive desire and lacks alignment with the tenets of person‐centered care. We construct a person‐centered measure of unwanted family planning by asking women whether they wanted to use a method, examine its alignment with the fertility‐derived measure, and describe the characteristics of women with unwanted family planning and reasons women state for not wanting to u…
Assessing the impact of measurement error in household consumption on estimates of catastrophic health expenditure in India
The National Sample Survey (NSS) collects reliable data on morbidity, health care, and health spending through its annual multi-subject and multi-round health surveys. Evidences from these surveys have been extensively used for research and policy. While these surveys collect comprehensive information on morbidity, hospitalisation, health expenditure, information on household consumption expenditure (which is used to explain the economic gradient…
Association of traditional marital practices with contraceptive decision-making, couple communication, and method use among couples in rural Maharashtra, India
In India, traditional social practices around marriage, such as non-involvement of prospective brides in choice of partner and timing of marriage, child/early marriage, dowry and purdah , compromise women's agency at the time of marriage and may also affect contraceptive practices in marriage. This paper examines the associations between traditional marital practices and contraceptive behaviours, including women's control over contraceptive decis…
Share of current unmet need for modern contraceptive methods attributed to past users of these methods in India
Despite persistent efforts, unmet need for contraceptives in India has declined only slightly from 14% to 13% between 2005–06 and 2015–16. Many women using a family planning method discontinue it without switching to another method and continue to have unmet need. This study quantified the share of current unmet need for modern contraceptive methods attributed to past users of these methods in India. Data were drawn from two rounds of the Nationa…
Increasing role of abstinence and infecundity in non-use of contraceptive methods in India
This paper assesses the reasons for non-use of contraceptive methods, and the possible complexity of reported data on women in India. The study used recent data from two successive rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) (2005–06: N =37,296; 2015–16: N =247,024), which surveyed currently married women aged 15–49 years. The reporting on non-use of contraceptives and the changing pattern of the reasons for non-use were analysed, classifi…
Is economic inequality in family planning in India associated with the private sector?
This study examined the pattern of economic disparity in the modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) among women receiving contraceptives from the public and private health sectors in India, using data from all four rounds of the National Family Health Survey conducted between 1992–93 and 2015–16. The mCPR was measured for currently married women aged 15–49 years. A concentration index was calculated and a pooled binary logistic regression an…
Contraceptive use and its effect on Indian women’s empowerment: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey-4
The positive effect of women’s empowerment on the use of contraceptives is well established. However, the reverse effect, i.e. the potential effect of use of contraceptives on women’s empowerment, is relatively unexplored. This study examined the direct impact of contraceptive use on women’s empowerment in currently married women aged 15–49 years in India using data from the National Family Health Survey-4 conducted in 2015–16. A two-stage least …
Effect of exposure to PM 10 on child health: Evidence based on a large-scale survey from 184 cities in India
Introduction Air pollution is increasingly becoming a serious global public health concern. Prior studies examining the effect of air pollution on health have ignored the role of households’ hygienic practices and socioeconomic condition, which are key determinants of the health status of a country like India. This study examines the effects of air pollution, measured in levels of particulate matters of size below 10 μg/m 3 (PM 10 ), on child-hea…
Improving primary health care delivery in Bihar, India: Learning from piloting and statewide scale-up of Ananya
In 2010, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) partnered with the Government of Bihar (GoB), India to launch the Ananya program to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition (RMNCHN) outcomes. The program sought to address supply-and demand-side barriers to the adoption, coverage, quality, equity and health impact of select RMNCHN interventions. Approaches included strengthening frontline worker service delivery…
Association between modern contraceptive use and child mortality in India: A calendar data analysis of the National Family Health Survey (2015-16)
This study provides evidence of dual benefit of contraceptive use. Such information is important for promoting evidence-based advocacy to expand use of family planning services. This will help the country to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 which calls for end of preventable deaths during childhood
Intrahousehold influence on contraceptive use among married Indian women: Evidence from the National Family Health Survey 2015–16
The conclusive evidence of positive intrahousehold influence on contraceptive use of Index Women will encourage program managers to promote intrahousehold communication to increase use of family planning
Health workers’ outreach and intention to use contraceptives among married women in India
Increased scope of outreach of frontline health workers to provide FP communication and services will not only help in building knowledge of contraceptive methods but will also increase women's intention to use a method. For India, this may be the most promising way to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals 3.7, which calls for universal access to reproductive health services
Migration and family planning in the state with highest total fertility rate in India
The migratory environment as well as the migration of husbands affect contraceptive use and access to FP services among women. Given that a significant proportion of married males leave their home states for work, it is imperative that FP programs in migration affected areas plan and implement migration-centric FP implementation strategies
Voices of rural people: Community-level assessment of effects and resilience to natural disasters in Odisha, India
Globally, natural disasters have caused a large scale of damage and destruction every year, affecting millions of people, the economy, and development – and developing countries are the most severely affected. Odisha is one of India’s most disaster-prone states. This study explores the effects of, and resilience to, cyclones, floods, droughts, and heatwaves in Odisha, and identifies government strategies that help mitigate these natural disasters…
Disrupting gender norms in health systems: Making the case for change
Reproductive coercion in Uttar Pradesh, India: Prevalence and associations with partner violence and reproductive health
Increasing modern contraceptive use and gender equity are major foci of the recently ratified Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 and the Government of India. Coercion and sabotage by husbands and in-laws to inhibit women's access, initiation, continuation, and successful use of modern contraception methods (i.e., reproductive coercion) may contribute to low usage rates and unintended pregnancy in India; however, little is known about the exte…
Can a Gender Equity and Family Planning Intervention for Men Change Their Gender Ideology? Results from the CHARM Intervention in Rural India
We assess the effect of CHARM, a gender equity and family planning counseling intervention for husbands in rural India, on men's gender ideology. We used a two‐armed cluster randomized control trial design and collected survey data from husbands (n=1081) at baseline, 9 months, and 18 months. We used a continuous measure of support for gender equity and a dichotomous measure of equitable attitudes toward women's role in household decision‐making. …
Longitudinal analysis of the impact of economic empowerment on risk for intimate partner violence among married women in rural Maharashtra, India
Differential effects of community health worker visits across social and economic groups in Uttar Pradesh, India: A link between social inequities and health disparities
CHW visits play a vital role in promoting utilization of critical maternal health services in UP. However, significant social inequities exist in associations of CHW visits with such service utilization. Research to clarify these inequities, as well as training for CHWs to address potential biases in the qualities or quantity of their visits based on household socio-economic characteristics is recommended
Associations Between Mistreatment by a Provider during Childbirth and Maternal Health Complications in Uttar Pradesh, India
Correlates of health care utilization under targeted interventions: The case of female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
Accessibility and frequency of use of health care services among female sex workers (FSWs) are constrained by various factors. In this analysis, we examined the correlates of frequency of using health care services under targeted interventions among FSWs. A sample of FSWs (N = 1,973) was obtained from a second round (2012) of Behavioral Tracking Survey, conducted in five districts of Andhra Pradesh, a high-HIV-prevalence state in southern India. …
Multilevel Perspectives on Community Intervention: An Example from an Indo‐US HIV Prevention Project in Mumbai, India
This paper explores the meaning and applicability of multilevel interventions and the role of ethnography in identifying intervention opportunities and accounting for research design limitations. It utilizes as a case example the data and experiences from a 6‐year, NIMH‐funded, intervention to prevent HIV/STI among married men in urban poor communities in Mumbai, India. The experiences generated by this project illustrate the need for multilevel …
Longitudinal analysis of the impact of economic empowerment on risk for intimate partner violence among married women in rural Maharashtra, India
Healing traditions and men's sexual health in Mumbai, India: The realities of practiced medicine in urban poor communities
Navigating the swampy lowland: A framework for evaluating the effect of community mobilisation in female sex workers in Avahan, the India Aids Initiative
BACKGROUND: Few models of how community mobilisation works have been elaborated in the scientific literature, and evaluation of the impact of these programmes on HIV and other health outcomes is extremely limited. Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, has been implementing community mobilisation as part of its prevention programming with groups of high-risk individuals across six states since 2005. PURPOSE: To articulate a programme theory and evalu…
Longitudinal associations of intimate partner violence attitudes and perpetration: Dyadic couples data from a randomized controlled trial in rural India
A methodology for building culture and gender norms into intervention: An example from Mumbai, India
Can a Gender Equity and Family Planning Intervention for Men Change Their Gender Ideology? Results from the CHARM Intervention in Rural India
We assess the effect of CHARM, a gender equity and family planning counseling intervention for husbands in rural India, on men's gender ideology. We used a two‐armed cluster randomized control trial design and collected survey data from husbands (n=1081) at baseline, 9 months, and 18 months. We used a continuous measure of support for gender equity and a dichotomous measure of equitable attitudes toward women's role in household decision‐making. …
How effective is community mobilisation in HIV prevention among highly diverse sex workers in urban settings? The Aastha intervention experience in Mumbai and Thane districts, India
BACKGROUND: This paper examines the association between degree of confidence in collective efficacy and self-efficacy for condom use and empowerment among heterogeneous female sex workers (FSWs) in two metropolitan Indian cities with high HIV prevalence. METHODS: The study utilises data from the Behavioural Tracking Survey, a cross-sectional behavioural study with 2106 FSWs recruited from 411 intervention sites in Mumbai and Thane. The key indepe…
Mobilising community collectivisation among female sex workers to promote STI service utilisation from the government healthcare system in Andhra Pradesh, India
BACKGROUND: To assess the association between female sex workers' (FSWs) degree of community collectivisation and self-efficacy, utilisation of sexually transmitted infection (STI) services from government-run health centres in Andhra Pradesh, India. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses of 1986 FSWs recruited using a probability-based sampling from five districts of Andhra Pradesh during 2010-2011. Multiple logistic regression models were constructe…
Voices of rural people: Community-level assessment of effects and resilience to natural disasters in Odisha, India
Globally, natural disasters have caused a large scale of damage and destruction every year, affecting millions of people, the economy, and development – and developing countries are the most severely affected. Odisha is one of India’s most disaster-prone states. This study explores the effects of, and resilience to, cyclones, floods, droughts, and heatwaves in Odisha, and identifies government strategies that help mitigate these natural disasters…
Healing traditions and men's sexual health in Mumbai, India: The realities of practiced medicine in urban poor communities
Prevalence of child marriage and its effect on fertility and fertility-control outcomes of young women in India: A cross-sectional, observational study
Intimate Partner Violence Functions as Both a Risk Marker and Risk Factor for Women's HIV Infection: Findings From Indian Husband-Wife Dyads
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) consistently demonstrate elevated sexually transmitted infection/HIV prevalence. IPV is thought to function indirectly as a marker of abusive men's elevated sexually transmitted infection/HIV infection and/or directly via facilitating transmission to wives. The present examination utilizes a nationally representative sample of married Indian couples to test these mechanisms …
Migration, Mobility and Sexual Risk Behavior in Mumbai, India: Mobile Men with Non-Residential Wife Show Increased Risk
Multilevel Perspectives on Community Intervention: An Example from an Indo‐US HIV Prevention Project in Mumbai, India
This paper explores the meaning and applicability of multilevel interventions and the role of ethnography in identifying intervention opportunities and accounting for research design limitations. It utilizes as a case example the data and experiences from a 6‐year, NIMH‐funded, intervention to prevent HIV/STI among married men in urban poor communities in Mumbai, India. The experiences generated by this project illustrate the need for multilevel …
The effect of maternal child marriage on morbidity and mortality of children under 5 in India: Cross sectional study of a nationally representative sample
OBJECTIVE: To assess associations between maternal child marriage (marriage before age 18) and morbidity and mortality of infants and children under 5 in India. Design Cross-sectional analyses of nationally representative household sample. Generalised estimating equation models constructed to assess associations. Adjusted models included maternal and child demographics and maternal body mass index as covariates. Setting India. Population Women ag…
Treatment Seeking, Vaginal Discharge and Psychosocial Distress Among Women in Urban Mumbai
Abuse from In-Laws during Pregnancy and Post-Partum: Qualitative and Quantitative Findings from Low-income Mothers of Infants in Mumbai, India
Community-Level HIV/STI Interventions and Their Impact on Alcohol Use in Urban Poor Populations in India
Alcohol Use, Sexual Risk Behavior and STIs Among Married Men in Mumbai, India
Alcohol and Sexual Risk Behavior among Migrant Female Sex Workers and Male Workers in Districts with High In-Migration from Four High HIV Prevalence States in India
This paper examines the association between alcohol use and sexual risk in two critical migrant populations living within the same geographical areas--migrant men and female sex-workers (FSWs). Data are drawn from two independent surveys of migrant FSWs and male workers in 14 districts of four high HIV prevalent Indian states. In the paper we have examined the independent effects of degree of mobility and alcohol use prior to sex on HIV risk beha…
Alcohol Use and Sex Risk Behaviors Among HIV-Infected Female Sex Workers (FSWs) and HIV-Infected Male Clients of FSWs in India
Motivations for Entry Into Sex Work and Hiv Risk Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India
This paper assesses the reasons for entry into sex work and its association with HIV risk behaviours among mobile female sex workers (FSWs) in India. Data were collected from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 22 districts across four high HIV prevalence states in India during 2007–2008. Analyses were limited to 5498 eligible mobile FSWs. The reasons given by FSWs for entering sex work and associations with socio-demographic characteristics we…
Transactional sex risk and STI among HIV-infected female sex workers and HIV-infected male clients of FSWs in India
To describe sex risk behaviors of HIV-infected female sex workers (FSWs) and HIV-infected male clients of FSWs, to evaluate associations between risky transactional sex and number of unprotected transactional sex episodes, and to assess the association between unprotected transactional sex and self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI). Adult HIV-infected FSWs (n = 211) and HIV-infected male clients (n = 205) were surveyed in Mumbai about…
The interrelationship of men's self-reports of sexual risk behavior and symptoms and laboratory-confirmed STI-status in India
This paper describes the interrelationship among men's self-reports of symptoms, unsafe sexual behavior, and biologically tested sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Data are drawn from the baseline survey of six-year (2001-2007) research and intervention project on men's sexual health and HIV/STI risk reduction conducted in three urban poor communities in Mumbai, India. The survey collected a wide range of demographic, attitudinal, knowledge,…
Male migration and risky sexual behavior in rural India: Is the place of origin critical for HIV prevention programs
Findings of this study document that returned migrants and active migrants have higher sexual risk behaviors than the non-migrants. Most migrants initiate non-marital sex in the place of origin and many continue these behaviors in places of destination. Migrants' destination area behaviors are linked to sex with sex workers and they continue to practice such behaviors in the place of origin as well. Unprotected sex in places of destination with h…
Relationship between reported prior condom use and current self-perceived risk of acquiring HIV among mobile female sex workers in southern India
The association between high risk perception of acquiring HIV and inconsistent condom use, especially with regular clients and non-paying partners, has not been completely internalized by this high risk group of mobile FSWs in India. Motivational efforts to prevent HIV should emphasize the importance of accurately assessing an individual's risk of acquiring HIV based on condom use behavior with all types of partners: occasional and regular client…
Experience of violence and adverse reproductive health outcomes, HIV risks among mobile female sex workers in India
The pervasiveness of violence and its association with reproductive health and HIV risk highlights that the abuse in general is an important determinant for reproductive health risks; and sexual violence is significantly associated with HIV risks among those who experienced violence. Existing community mobilization programs that have primarily focused on empowering FSWs should broaden their efforts to promote reproductive health in addition to th…
Male Migration/Mobility and HIV Among Married Couples: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Nationally Representative Data from India
Indicators of Mobility, Socio-Economic Vulnerabilities and HIV Risk Behaviours Among Mobile Female Sex Workers in India
This paper examines the relationship between indicators of mobility, socio-economic vulnerabilities, and HIV risk behaviours among 5,498 mobile female sex workers (FSWs) living in the four high HIV prevalence states in India. Female sex workers with greater degree of mobility reported significantly more often than the FSWs with lesser degree of mobility that they experienced physical violence, and consumed alcohol prior to sex. Further, FSWs with…
A methodology for building culture and gender norms into intervention: An example from Mumbai, India
Relationship between mobility, violence and HIV/STI among female sex workers in Andhra Pradesh, India
The findings indicate that mobility and violence were independently associated with HIV infection. Notably, the combined effect of mobility and violence posed greater HIV risk than their independent effect. These results point to the need for the provision of an enabling environment and safe spaces for FSWs who are mobile, to augment existing efforts to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS
Prevalence and Correlates of Non-Disclosure of HIV Serostatus to Sex partners among HIV-Infected Female Sex Workers and HIV-infected Male Clients of Female Sex Workers in India
Navigating the swampy lowland: A framework for evaluating the effect of community mobilisation in female sex workers in Avahan, the India Aids Initiative
BACKGROUND: Few models of how community mobilisation works have been elaborated in the scientific literature, and evaluation of the impact of these programmes on HIV and other health outcomes is extremely limited. Avahan, the India AIDS Initiative, has been implementing community mobilisation as part of its prevention programming with groups of high-risk individuals across six states since 2005. PURPOSE: To articulate a programme theory and evalu…
How effective is community mobilisation in HIV prevention among highly diverse sex workers in urban settings? The Aastha intervention experience in Mumbai and Thane districts, India
BACKGROUND: This paper examines the association between degree of confidence in collective efficacy and self-efficacy for condom use and empowerment among heterogeneous female sex workers (FSWs) in two metropolitan Indian cities with high HIV prevalence. METHODS: The study utilises data from the Behavioural Tracking Survey, a cross-sectional behavioural study with 2106 FSWs recruited from 411 intervention sites in Mumbai and Thane. The key indepe…
Medicine (58 works) · Demography (46 works) · Environmental health (46 works) · Population (41 works) · Demography (30 works) · Sex work and related issues (30 works) · Sociology (29 works) · Public health (28 works) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (24 works) · Psychology (24 works)