Thomas Calligaro
Biographic Data
| ID | 224962 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas Calligaro |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas |
| FAMILY NAME | Calligaro |
| SIGNATURE | CALLIGARO T |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre de recherche et de restauration des musées de France |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9190-0842 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 26 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 130 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 26 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Révéler les choix matériels et techniques de Léonard de Vinci par l’analyse chimique
Collecter des informations chimiques sur les matériaux employés par Léonard de Vinci permet de mieux comprendre la matérialité de ses pratiques picturales et fournit de nouvelles informations pouvant contribuer à la conservation de ses œuvres. Mais les peintures de Léonard sont des systèmes chimiques complexes, assemblages hybrides de pigments minéraux et de composés organiques, notamment liants à l’huile. Ces pigments étaient obtenus par des voi…
Nouveaux regards sur Léonard de Vinci par l’imagerie scientifique
La recherche sur les pratiques picturales de Léonard de Vinci a bénéficié d’une nouvelle technique d’analyse non invasive devenue, par le biais des développements informatiques, une technique d’imagerie : la cartographie de fluorescence X. Les apports de cette technique seront illustrés à partir d’exemples nous informant sur la genèse des œuvres, la connaissance de la palette, l’analyse des motifs de la composition souvent devenus peu lisibles en…
Historical pyrite “mirrors” from the Ecuadorian Cañari culture, digital microscopy observations, mineralogical and elemental analysis
Bead and Garnet Trade Between the Merovingian, Mediterranean, and Indian Worlds
Written sources document the pursuit of trade between India and the Mediterranean world during the early Middle Ages. These traded goods, notably spices, perfume, and luxury fabrics, rarely leave material remains as a result of their perishable nature. Two types of archaeological finds dated from the fifth and sixth centuries have helped fill some of the gaps in the documentary sources. The first includes small beads of green-colored glass found …
Le commerce des grenats à l’époque mérovingienne
Aux Ve et VIe siècles, le style cloisonné caractérise tout l’Occident, de la Mer Noire au monde insulaire britannique et de la Scandinavie à l’Afrique du Nord, qu’il s’agisse de décors de poignées et de fourreaux d’épées et de scramasaxes, d’objets de parure ou d’accessoires vestimentaires. On a pu démontrer de longue date que les incrustations rouges utilisées n’étaient pas du verre, sauf exception, mais des grenats, et on s’est intéressé à leur…
New Clues on the Origin of the "Inca Mirror" at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Since at least 1742, the mineralogical collection of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) in Paris has hosted, under the reference number 22.U, a biconvex lens-shaped obsidian artifact, also described as a mirror, measuring 250 mm in diameter and finely polished on both faces. It has usually been ascribed to the shipment sent by Hernán Cortez in 1522 to the Emperor Charles V, which was captured by a French privateer. We investigated th…
The evolution of obsidian procurement in ancient Oaxaca, Mexico
Protocol for lapis lazuli provenance determination
Identification and Use of Pyrite and Hematite at Teotihuacan
Characterisation of metallic mordants in Subarctic Athapaskan quillwork
Native American quillwork collections remain little studied due to the limited availability of quillwork material for sampling. In this paper we explore the use of non-invasive Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) to characterise metallic residues in a set of modern porcupine quills prepared with a range of metallic mordants. PIXE analysis was used to determine the concentrations of various morda…
Aglae au cœur du programme européen Eu-Artech
L’accélérateur de particules AGLAE du C2RMF a eu un rôle majeur dans l’émergence du projet européen Eu-ARTECH. Après un bref rappel des propriétés des méthodes d’analyse par faisceau d’ions, la spécificité d’AGLAE est soulignée. Les activités impliquant l’accès transnational (TNA) à cette installation sont alors présentées, révélant la grande diversité des thèmes scientifiques abordés. Des exemples d’études sont donnés, qui illustrent la contribu…
Le Portrait d’Antoine de La Roque par Antoine Watteau (Tokyo, Fuji Art Museum) est-il un tableau à deux mains
Le Portrait d’Antoine de La Roque (Tokyo, Fuji Art Museum) est généralement considéré comme une œuvre d’Antoine Watteau et a été gravé sous ce nom par François-Bernard Lépicié, vers 1734, pour le Recueil Jullienne. Les historiens d’art s’interrogent cependant depuis quelques années sur une possible contribution de Nicolas Lancret à son exécution. L’étude réalisée en 2013 au Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF) montr…
Study of mosaic glass tesserae from Delos, Greece using a combination of portable μ-Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
The obsidian of Southern Sinaloa
A Combined Multi‐analytical Approach for the Study of Roman Glass From South‐west Iberia
An integrated, multi‐analytical approach combining the high sensitivity of SR‐μXRF, the light element capability of PIXE/PIGE under a helium flux and the spatial resolution of BSEM + EDS was used to characterize chemical composition and corrosion of glass samples (first to fourth centuries ad ) from an important, but scarcely investigated, Roman region of south‐west Iberia (southern Portugal). The geochemical trends and associations of major, min…
Marginal Perspectives
Fifty-six pieces of obsidian from the Öküzini Cave in SW Anatolia were elementally characterised using particle induced X-ray emission [ PIXE], the artefacts coming from strata that span the early Epi-Palaeolithic to Late Chalcolithic. The obsidian comes from two sources in southern Cappadocia, East Göllü Dağ and Nenezi Dağ (380 km distant), representing the earliest evidence for these sources’ use at distance. The cave’s inhabitants perpetually …
The use of SEM-EDS, Pixe and EDXRF for obsidian provenance studies in the Near East
Particle‐induced X‐ray Emission (Pixe) Analysis of Obsidian From Teotihuacan
A collection of 50 archaeological obsidian samples studied in the framework of the Preciudadela Project (Teotihuacan, Mexico) has been analysed using particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) with the external beam line of the Accélérateur Grand Louvre d'Analyse Elémentaire facility (C2RMF, Paris) and of the Instituto de Física (UNAM, Mexico). This work addresses the provenance of these obsidian samples, with the purpose of determining if they come …
Dacian bracelets and Transylvanian gold
The recovery of the Dacian gold bracelets was the most thrilling archaeological event of the last years in Romania. The artefacts are exhibited in the Historical Treasure section of the National History museum of Romania, Bucharest, being recovered from the international antique markets through a concerted effort of the Romanian, French, and German authorities.This paper reviews the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses carried out on these exquisite…
A Study of Olmec Serpentinite
This article presents recent results of our analysis of the operative sequence of production and consumption of Olmec greenstone artefacts. It documents the multi-disciplinary approach taken to the kinds of manufacturing techniques used by the Olmecs, the quarries where they extracted raw materials, and the contexts in which they sometimes buried their tools. This project uses implement petrography, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), neutron activ…
Characterization of archaeological obsidians from Lagartero, Chiapas Mexico by Pixe
Discovery and Characterization of an Unknown Blue‐green Maya Pigment
Blue‐green mosaic and polychrome masks and funerary offerings from the royal tombs of Calakmul, Mexico, were analysed by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and particle induced X‐ray emission (PIXE). This led to the first identification of the use of veszelyite, a rare hydrated copper‐zinc phosphate, as green pigment. Analyses of a geological sample of this mineral h…
The Treasure of Guarrazar
The treasure of Guarrazar, found in the 19th century in Spain, is the most important illustration of the high level of Visigothic jewellery in the Iberian Peninsula. The votive crowns and crosses of this treasure are an arrangement of pierced gold in a Byzantine–Germanic style, decorated with emeralds, garnets, sapphires and other materials. In order to establish the provenance of the gold, we analysed a group of 46 minute samples from the most i…
Dorures des céramiques et tesselles anciennes
Les technologies de dorures des céramiques et verres et leurs évolutions historiques sont très mal documentées. Des échantillons d'époques et de technologies différentes (tesselles d'époque omeyyade, début VIIIe s., Qusayr 'Amra, Jordanie ; porcelaine de type « Kinran-de », épave de Cu Lao Cham, XVe s. Vietnam ; porcelaine phosphatique de Rockingham, début XIXe s., Angleterre) ont été analysés par PIXE et RBS sur l'accélérateur AGLAE et par micro…
Gold traces to trace gold
The use of SEM-EDS, Pixe and EDXRF for obsidian provenance studies in the Near East
Gold traces to trace gold
Marginal Perspectives
Fifty-six pieces of obsidian from the Öküzini Cave in SW Anatolia were elementally characterised using particle induced X-ray emission [ PIXE], the artefacts coming from strata that span the early Epi-Palaeolithic to Late Chalcolithic. The obsidian comes from two sources in southern Cappadocia, East Göllü Dağ and Nenezi Dağ (380 km distant), representing the earliest evidence for these sources’ use at distance. The cave’s inhabitants perpetually …
A Pixe/Fission-Track Dating Approach to Sourcing Studies of Obsidian Artefacts in Colombia and Ecuador
The Treasure of Guarrazar
The treasure of Guarrazar, found in the 19th century in Spain, is the most important illustration of the high level of Visigothic jewellery in the Iberian Peninsula. The votive crowns and crosses of this treasure are an arrangement of pierced gold in a Byzantine–Germanic style, decorated with emeralds, garnets, sapphires and other materials. In order to establish the provenance of the gold, we analysed a group of 46 minute samples from the most i…
Protocol for lapis lazuli provenance determination
Le commerce des grenats à l’époque mérovingienne
Aux Ve et VIe siècles, le style cloisonné caractérise tout l’Occident, de la Mer Noire au monde insulaire britannique et de la Scandinavie à l’Afrique du Nord, qu’il s’agisse de décors de poignées et de fourreaux d’épées et de scramasaxes, d’objets de parure ou d’accessoires vestimentaires. On a pu démontrer de longue date que les incrustations rouges utilisées n’étaient pas du verre, sauf exception, mais des grenats, et on s’est intéressé à leur…
Study of mosaic glass tesserae from Delos, Greece using a combination of portable μ-Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
Dorures des céramiques et tesselles anciennes
Les technologies de dorures des céramiques et verres et leurs évolutions historiques sont très mal documentées. Des échantillons d'époques et de technologies différentes (tesselles d'époque omeyyade, début VIIIe s., Qusayr 'Amra, Jordanie ; porcelaine de type « Kinran-de », épave de Cu Lao Cham, XVe s. Vietnam ; porcelaine phosphatique de Rockingham, début XIXe s., Angleterre) ont été analysés par PIXE et RBS sur l'accélérateur AGLAE et par micro…
The obsidian of Southern Sinaloa
New Clues on the Origin of the "Inca Mirror" at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Since at least 1742, the mineralogical collection of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) in Paris has hosted, under the reference number 22.U, a biconvex lens-shaped obsidian artifact, also described as a mirror, measuring 250 mm in diameter and finely polished on both faces. It has usually been ascribed to the shipment sent by Hernán Cortez in 1522 to the Emperor Charles V, which was captured by a French privateer. We investigated th…
Particle‐induced X‐ray Emission (Pixe) Analysis of Obsidian From Teotihuacan
A collection of 50 archaeological obsidian samples studied in the framework of the Preciudadela Project (Teotihuacan, Mexico) has been analysed using particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) with the external beam line of the Accélérateur Grand Louvre d'Analyse Elémentaire facility (C2RMF, Paris) and of the Instituto de Física (UNAM, Mexico). This work addresses the provenance of these obsidian samples, with the purpose of determining if they come …
A Study of Olmec Serpentinite
This article presents recent results of our analysis of the operative sequence of production and consumption of Olmec greenstone artefacts. It documents the multi-disciplinary approach taken to the kinds of manufacturing techniques used by the Olmecs, the quarries where they extracted raw materials, and the contexts in which they sometimes buried their tools. This project uses implement petrography, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), neutron activ…
Bead and Garnet Trade Between the Merovingian, Mediterranean, and Indian Worlds
Written sources document the pursuit of trade between India and the Mediterranean world during the early Middle Ages. These traded goods, notably spices, perfume, and luxury fabrics, rarely leave material remains as a result of their perishable nature. Two types of archaeological finds dated from the fifth and sixth centuries have helped fill some of the gaps in the documentary sources. The first includes small beads of green-colored glass found …
A Combined Multi‐analytical Approach for the Study of Roman Glass From South‐west Iberia
An integrated, multi‐analytical approach combining the high sensitivity of SR‐μXRF, the light element capability of PIXE/PIGE under a helium flux and the spatial resolution of BSEM + EDS was used to characterize chemical composition and corrosion of glass samples (first to fourth centuries ad ) from an important, but scarcely investigated, Roman region of south‐west Iberia (southern Portugal). The geochemical trends and associations of major, min…
A Pixe/Fission-Track Dating Approach to Sourcing Studies of Obsidian Artefacts in Colombia and Ecuador
Gold traces to trace gold
Dorures des céramiques et tesselles anciennes
Les technologies de dorures des céramiques et verres et leurs évolutions historiques sont très mal documentées. Des échantillons d'époques et de technologies différentes (tesselles d'époque omeyyade, début VIIIe s., Qusayr 'Amra, Jordanie ; porcelaine de type « Kinran-de », épave de Cu Lao Cham, XVe s. Vietnam ; porcelaine phosphatique de Rockingham, début XIXe s., Angleterre) ont été analysés par PIXE et RBS sur l'accélérateur AGLAE et par micro…
The Treasure of Guarrazar
The treasure of Guarrazar, found in the 19th century in Spain, is the most important illustration of the high level of Visigothic jewellery in the Iberian Peninsula. The votive crowns and crosses of this treasure are an arrangement of pierced gold in a Byzantine–Germanic style, decorated with emeralds, garnets, sapphires and other materials. In order to establish the provenance of the gold, we analysed a group of 46 minute samples from the most i…
Characterization of archaeological obsidians from Lagartero, Chiapas Mexico by Pixe
Discovery and Characterization of an Unknown Blue‐green Maya Pigment
Blue‐green mosaic and polychrome masks and funerary offerings from the royal tombs of Calakmul, Mexico, were analysed by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and particle induced X‐ray emission (PIXE). This led to the first identification of the use of veszelyite, a rare hydrated copper‐zinc phosphate, as green pigment. Analyses of a geological sample of this mineral h…
Dacian bracelets and Transylvanian gold
The recovery of the Dacian gold bracelets was the most thrilling archaeological event of the last years in Romania. The artefacts are exhibited in the Historical Treasure section of the National History museum of Romania, Bucharest, being recovered from the international antique markets through a concerted effort of the Romanian, French, and German authorities.This paper reviews the X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analyses carried out on these exquisite…
A Study of Olmec Serpentinite
This article presents recent results of our analysis of the operative sequence of production and consumption of Olmec greenstone artefacts. It documents the multi-disciplinary approach taken to the kinds of manufacturing techniques used by the Olmecs, the quarries where they extracted raw materials, and the contexts in which they sometimes buried their tools. This project uses implement petrography, energy dispersive spectrum (EDS), neutron activ…
The use of SEM-EDS, Pixe and EDXRF for obsidian provenance studies in the Near East
Particle‐induced X‐ray Emission (Pixe) Analysis of Obsidian From Teotihuacan
A collection of 50 archaeological obsidian samples studied in the framework of the Preciudadela Project (Teotihuacan, Mexico) has been analysed using particle‐induced X‐ray emission (PIXE) with the external beam line of the Accélérateur Grand Louvre d'Analyse Elémentaire facility (C2RMF, Paris) and of the Instituto de Física (UNAM, Mexico). This work addresses the provenance of these obsidian samples, with the purpose of determining if they come …
Marginal Perspectives
Fifty-six pieces of obsidian from the Öküzini Cave in SW Anatolia were elementally characterised using particle induced X-ray emission [ PIXE], the artefacts coming from strata that span the early Epi-Palaeolithic to Late Chalcolithic. The obsidian comes from two sources in southern Cappadocia, East Göllü Dağ and Nenezi Dağ (380 km distant), representing the earliest evidence for these sources’ use at distance. The cave’s inhabitants perpetually …
A Combined Multi‐analytical Approach for the Study of Roman Glass From South‐west Iberia
An integrated, multi‐analytical approach combining the high sensitivity of SR‐μXRF, the light element capability of PIXE/PIGE under a helium flux and the spatial resolution of BSEM + EDS was used to characterize chemical composition and corrosion of glass samples (first to fourth centuries ad ) from an important, but scarcely investigated, Roman region of south‐west Iberia (southern Portugal). The geochemical trends and associations of major, min…
Le Portrait d’Antoine de La Roque par Antoine Watteau (Tokyo, Fuji Art Museum) est-il un tableau à deux mains
Le Portrait d’Antoine de La Roque (Tokyo, Fuji Art Museum) est généralement considéré comme une œuvre d’Antoine Watteau et a été gravé sous ce nom par François-Bernard Lépicié, vers 1734, pour le Recueil Jullienne. Les historiens d’art s’interrogent cependant depuis quelques années sur une possible contribution de Nicolas Lancret à son exécution. L’étude réalisée en 2013 au Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France (C2RMF) montr…
Study of mosaic glass tesserae from Delos, Greece using a combination of portable μ-Raman and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
The obsidian of Southern Sinaloa
Identification and Use of Pyrite and Hematite at Teotihuacan
Characterisation of metallic mordants in Subarctic Athapaskan quillwork
Native American quillwork collections remain little studied due to the limited availability of quillwork material for sampling. In this paper we explore the use of non-invasive Particle Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) to characterise metallic residues in a set of modern porcupine quills prepared with a range of metallic mordants. PIXE analysis was used to determine the concentrations of various morda…
Aglae au cœur du programme européen Eu-Artech
L’accélérateur de particules AGLAE du C2RMF a eu un rôle majeur dans l’émergence du projet européen Eu-ARTECH. Après un bref rappel des propriétés des méthodes d’analyse par faisceau d’ions, la spécificité d’AGLAE est soulignée. Les activités impliquant l’accès transnational (TNA) à cette installation sont alors présentées, révélant la grande diversité des thèmes scientifiques abordés. Des exemples d’études sont donnés, qui illustrent la contribu…
Protocol for lapis lazuli provenance determination
The evolution of obsidian procurement in ancient Oaxaca, Mexico
Le commerce des grenats à l’époque mérovingienne
Aux Ve et VIe siècles, le style cloisonné caractérise tout l’Occident, de la Mer Noire au monde insulaire britannique et de la Scandinavie à l’Afrique du Nord, qu’il s’agisse de décors de poignées et de fourreaux d’épées et de scramasaxes, d’objets de parure ou d’accessoires vestimentaires. On a pu démontrer de longue date que les incrustations rouges utilisées n’étaient pas du verre, sauf exception, mais des grenats, et on s’est intéressé à leur…
New Clues on the Origin of the "Inca Mirror" at the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris
Since at least 1742, the mineralogical collection of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) in Paris has hosted, under the reference number 22.U, a biconvex lens-shaped obsidian artifact, also described as a mirror, measuring 250 mm in diameter and finely polished on both faces. It has usually been ascribed to the shipment sent by Hernán Cortez in 1522 to the Emperor Charles V, which was captured by a French privateer. We investigated th…
Bead and Garnet Trade Between the Merovingian, Mediterranean, and Indian Worlds
Written sources document the pursuit of trade between India and the Mediterranean world during the early Middle Ages. These traded goods, notably spices, perfume, and luxury fabrics, rarely leave material remains as a result of their perishable nature. Two types of archaeological finds dated from the fifth and sixth centuries have helped fill some of the gaps in the documentary sources. The first includes small beads of green-colored glass found …
Historical pyrite “mirrors” from the Ecuadorian Cañari culture, digital microscopy observations, mineralogical and elemental analysis
Révéler les choix matériels et techniques de Léonard de Vinci par l’analyse chimique
Collecter des informations chimiques sur les matériaux employés par Léonard de Vinci permet de mieux comprendre la matérialité de ses pratiques picturales et fournit de nouvelles informations pouvant contribuer à la conservation de ses œuvres. Mais les peintures de Léonard sont des systèmes chimiques complexes, assemblages hybrides de pigments minéraux et de composés organiques, notamment liants à l’huile. Ces pigments étaient obtenus par des voi…
Archaeology (16 works) · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis (14 works) · Geography (14 works) · Geology (13 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (12 works) · X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis (12 works) · Art (11 works) · Mineralogy (8 works) · Ancient history (7 works) · Geochemistry (7 works)