Richard P Sloan
Biographic Data
| ID | 226380 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard P Sloan |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard P |
| FAMILY NAME | Sloan |
| SIGNATURE | SLOAN R P |
| AFFILIATIONS | Columbia University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4999-9209 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 34 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 29 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 34 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1983 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
The Impact of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Reactivity to and Recovery From Psychological and Orthostatic Challenge
OBJECTIVE: Elevated cardiovascular reactivity to, and reduced recovery from, challenging events may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, and exercise training may reduce this reactivity. However, in a randomized controlled trial of aerobic versus strength training in sedentary, healthy young adults, we found no training group differences in reactivity or recovery. Because strength training also may have a reactivity-reducing effect, we co…
Childhood parental warmth and heart rate variability in midlife: Implications for health
The current study investigated high‐frequency heart rate variability (HF‐HRV) as a potential mediator between childhood parental warmth and later health and mortality outcomes. Participants were 1,255 adults (56.9% female). Childhood parental warmth was reported retrospectively at mean age 46; resting HF‐HRV was measured at mean age 57; cardiovascular health and self‐evaluated health were assessed at mean ages 57 and 63, and mortality records ext…
Child and Adult Socioeconomic Status and the Cortisol Response to Acute Stress: Evidence From the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
OBJECTIVE: A long-hypothesized pathway through which low socioeconomic status (SES) harms health is through dysregulation of the physiologic stress response systems. No previous studies have tested this hypothesis by investigating cortisol reactivity and recovery to acute stress in relation to SES at different times in the life course in adults. Alteration of the cortisol response to an acute stressor could signal dysregulation of the hypothalami…
The Association of Cigarette Smoking With High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
OBJECTIVE: Evidence from both laboratory and observational studies suggests that acute and chronic smoking leads to reduced high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), a measure of cardiac vagal regulation. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study the effect of smoking on concurrent HF-HRV in a trial measuring the effects of hostility reduction and compared 24-hour HF-HRV in smokers and nonsmokers. METHOD: Ambulatory electrocard…
Mitochondrial Nexus to Allostatic Load Biomarkers
Picard, Martin PhD; Juster, Robert-Paul PhD; Sloan, Richard P. PhD; McEwen, Bruce S. PhD Author Information
Linking Daily Stress Processes and Laboratory-Based Heart Rate Variability in a National Sample of Midlife and Older Adults
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the associations between people's trait-like patterns of stress in daily life (stressor frequency, perceived stressor severity, affective reactivity to stressors, and negative affect) and laboratory-assessed heart rate variability (HRV). METHODS: Data were collected from 909 participants aged 35 to 85 years in the Midlife in the United States Study. Participants reported negative affect and minor stressful events d…
The Effect of Hostility Reduction on Autonomic Control of the Heart and Vasculature: A Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE: Hostility is associated with coronary artery disease. One candidate mechanism may be autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysregulation. In this study, we report the effect of cognitive behavioral treatment on ANS regulation. METHODS: Participants were 158 healthy young adults, high in hostility measured by the Cook-Medley Hostility and Spielberger Trait Anger scales. Participants were also interviewed using the Interpersonal Hostility Asses…
Aerobic Exercise and Strength Training Effects on Cardiovascular Sympathetic Function in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE: Exercise has widely documented cardioprotective effects, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not entirely known. Previously, we demonstrated that aerobic but not strength training lowered resting heart rate and increased cardiac vagal regulation, changes that were reversed by sedentary deconditioning. Here, we focus on the sympathetic nervous system and test whether aerobic training lowers levels of cardiovascular sympathet…
Race Differences in Age-Trends of Autonomic Nervous System Functioning
Results relating to HRV-reactivity (but not baseline HRV) were consistent with hypotheses suggesting that African Americans are exposed to higher levels of stress and experience accelerated declines in health across the life span. The relevance of the findings to research on social stress and health disparities is discussed
Impact of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Reactivity to and Recovery From Challenge
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that aerobic, but not strength, training would lead to attenuated reactivity to and more rapid recovery from cognitive and orthostatic challenge and that deconditioning would reverse this effect. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial contrasting the effects of aerobic versus strength training on heart rate, four indices of RR interval variability, and blood pressure reactivity to and recovery from p…
Heart Rate Recovery After Cognitive Challenge Is Preserved With Age
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of age on heart rate recovery (HRR) from cognitive challenge. BACKGROUND: Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. HRR from exercise is an established predictor of cardiac morbidity and mortality, and evidence suggests that HRR from cognitive challenge is predictive of cardiac morbidity as well. Aging is associated with delayed HRR from exercise stress, but little is k…
Depression Is Associated With Increased Mortality 10 Years After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
OBJECTIVE: To determine if depression is independently associated with cardiac and all-cause mortality 10 years after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Although many studies have examined the relationship of depression and mortality in patients with myocardial infarction, there is less understanding of the relationship between depression and long-term mortality after CABG surgery. METHODS: In a prospective study, we collected data on 3…
Cardiac Autonomic Control and Treatment of Hostility: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objective: To test whether reduction in hostility increases autonomic regulation of the heart. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, participants were 158 healthy adults, aged 20 years to 45 years, who were 1 standard deviation (SD) above national norms on the Cook-Medley Hostility and the Spielberger Trait Anger Indices. Participants also were interviewed, using the Interpersonal Hostility Assessment Technique (IHAT). They were randomly …
A Computerized Stroop Task to Assess Cancer-Related Cognitive Biases
Biases in processing information related to sources of stress have widely been demonstrated with the use of Stroop emotional color word tasks. One study reported such biases among women with histories of breast cancer in a first-degree relative (FH+) who were given a Stroop cancer word task. This study aimed to replicate and extend these findings with a computerized version of the task. Response latencies and errors were recorded during administr…
The Effect of Aerobic Training and Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Young Adults
Objectives. We tested the effect of aerobic exercise on autonomic regulation of the heart in healthy young adults. Methods. Healthy, sedentary young adults (n = 149; age = 30.4 ± 7.53 years) were randomized to receive 12 weeks of either aerobic conditioning or strength training. Primary outcomes were heart rate and RR interval variability (RRV) measured before and after training and after 4 weeks of sedentary deconditioning. RRV, a noninvasive in…
Attendance at Religious Services, Health, and the Lessons of Trinity
Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry; Columbia University Medical Center; New York, NY
Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan
Risk Factors, Confounding, and the Illusion of Statistical Control
When experimental designs are premature, impractical, or impossible, researchers must rely on statistical methods to adjust for potentially confounding effects. Such procedures, however, are quite fallible. We examine several errors that often follow the use of statistical adjustment. The first is inferring a factor is causal because it predicts an outcome even after "statistical control" for other factors. This inference is fallacious when (as u…
Hostility, Interpersonal Interactions, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure
OBJECTIVE: This study examined aspects of the transactional model of hostility and health by investigating relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ambulatory blood pressure in a healthy community sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants included 65 female and 39 male healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 46 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and diary data on mood and social interactions were obtained every 20 mi…
Claims about religious involvement and health outcomes
Claims about religion, spirituality, and health have recently appeared with increasing frequency, in both the popular media and professional journals. These claims have asserted that there are a great many studies in the literature that have examined relations between religious involvement and health outcomes and that the majority of them have shown that religious people are healthier. We examined the validity of these claims in two ways: (a) To …
Religion and health.
Religion and health.
Hostility, Gender, and Cardiac Autonomic Control
OBJECTIVE: Although considerable evidence implicates hostility in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), the pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have developed a psychophysiological model that holds that altered autonomic nervous system function links psychological traits with CAD outcomes. In laboratory studies, stressors reduce high-frequency (HF) heart period variability, an index of cardiac vagal modulation. With amb…
Vagal Rebound and Recovery From Psychological Stress
OBJECTIVE: To characterize cardiovascular recovery and examine the possible relationship of vagal activity and reflexes to risk for heart disease. METHODS: Subjects performed cold pressor and mental arithmetic tasks. Heart rate, heart period variability, and pre-ejection period were obtained for 1 minute before, during, and after each task (Experiment 1). In the second experiment, subjects performed a Stroop color-word task and a mental arithmeti…
Should Physicians Prescribe Religious Activities?
There is increasing interest among the general public and the medical community in the role of religion in medicine. Polls indicate that the U.S. population is highly religious; most people believe in heaven and hell,1 the healing power of prayer,2 and the capacity of faith to aid in the recovery from disease.3 The popular press has published many articles in which religious faith and practice have been said to promote comfort, healing, or both. …
Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan
Race Differences in Age-Trends of Autonomic Nervous System Functioning
Results relating to HRV-reactivity (but not baseline HRV) were consistent with hypotheses suggesting that African Americans are exposed to higher levels of stress and experience accelerated declines in health across the life span. The relevance of the findings to research on social stress and health disparities is discussed
Childhood parental warmth and heart rate variability in midlife: Implications for health
The current study investigated high‐frequency heart rate variability (HF‐HRV) as a potential mediator between childhood parental warmth and later health and mortality outcomes. Participants were 1,255 adults (56.9% female). Childhood parental warmth was reported retrospectively at mean age 46; resting HF‐HRV was measured at mean age 57; cardiovascular health and self‐evaluated health were assessed at mean ages 57 and 63, and mortality records ext…
The Effect of Aerobic Training and Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Young Adults
Objectives. We tested the effect of aerobic exercise on autonomic regulation of the heart in healthy young adults. Methods. Healthy, sedentary young adults (n = 149; age = 30.4 ± 7.53 years) were randomized to receive 12 weeks of either aerobic conditioning or strength training. Primary outcomes were heart rate and RR interval variability (RRV) measured before and after training and after 4 weeks of sedentary deconditioning. RRV, a noninvasive in…
Beliefs about Cancer, Heart Disease, and Their Victims
Of the considerable recent research by social scientists in the area of health and medicine, most has been devoted to examination of individuals' health and their own health-related behaviors and beliefs. Little attention has been paid to the reactions of people to ill others. The just-world hypothesis suggests that these reactions are predictable: that as the severity of illness increases, the victim should receive increasing derogation by other…
Relationships Between Circulating Catecholamines and Low Frequency Heart Period Variability as Indices of Cardiac Sympathetic Activity During Mental Stress
Heart rate increases during psychological stress are the product of cardiac sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal. Levels of plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) have a long history as indicators of cardiac adrenergic activity and, accordingly, generally increase in response to psychological challenge. Recently, several investigators have suggested that indices derived from power spectral analysis of heart period variabi…
Hostility, Cerebral Blood Flow and Stress Reactivity
A Preliminary Study of the Effects of Breast-Feeding on Parasympathetic Cardiac Control
Mezzacappa, E. S.; Galvan, A.; Castro, M. M.; Myers, M. M.; Sloan, R. P. Author Information
Hostiility, Gender, and Cardiac Autonomic Control
Sloan, R. P.; Bagiella, E.; Kuhl, J. P.; Chernikhova, D.; Berg, J.; Shapiro, P. A. Author Information
Cardiac Autonomic Control and Blood Pressure Regulation in the Field
Sloan, R. P.; Brondolo, E. N.; Bagiella, E.; Appel, R.; Taravella, J.; Kuhl, J. P.; Myers, M. M. Author Information
Fetal Heart Rate Is Influenced by Maternal Stress and Anxiety
s of Papers for 1999 Annual Meeting: Paper Session: Psychobiological Processes During Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period
Cardiovascular Response to Experimental Stressor Probes Among Vulnerable Caregivers
Sloan, R.; Grant, I.; Dimsdale, J.; Ziegler, M.; Patterson, T.; Mills, P. Author Information
Third Trimester Pregnancy Buffers Women's Cardiovascular Reactivity to Psychological Stress
s of Papers for 1999 Annual Meeting: Paper Session: Psychobiological Processes During Pregnancy and the Post-Partum Period
Should Physicians Prescribe Religious Activities?
There is increasing interest among the general public and the medical community in the role of religion in medicine. Polls indicate that the U.S. population is highly religious; most people believe in heaven and hell,1 the healing power of prayer,2 and the capacity of faith to aid in the recovery from disease.3 The popular press has published many articles in which religious faith and practice have been said to promote comfort, healing, or both. …
Religion and health.
Religion and health.
Hostility, Gender, and Cardiac Autonomic Control
OBJECTIVE: Although considerable evidence implicates hostility in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), the pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. We have developed a psychophysiological model that holds that altered autonomic nervous system function links psychological traits with CAD outcomes. In laboratory studies, stressors reduce high-frequency (HF) heart period variability, an index of cardiac vagal modulation. With amb…
Vagal Rebound and Recovery From Psychological Stress
OBJECTIVE: To characterize cardiovascular recovery and examine the possible relationship of vagal activity and reflexes to risk for heart disease. METHODS: Subjects performed cold pressor and mental arithmetic tasks. Heart rate, heart period variability, and pre-ejection period were obtained for 1 minute before, during, and after each task (Experiment 1). In the second experiment, subjects performed a Stroop color-word task and a mental arithmeti…
Claims about religious involvement and health outcomes
Claims about religion, spirituality, and health have recently appeared with increasing frequency, in both the popular media and professional journals. These claims have asserted that there are a great many studies in the literature that have examined relations between religious involvement and health outcomes and that the majority of them have shown that religious people are healthier. We examined the validity of these claims in two ways: (a) To …
Hostility, Interpersonal Interactions, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure
OBJECTIVE: This study examined aspects of the transactional model of hostility and health by investigating relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ambulatory blood pressure in a healthy community sample. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants included 65 female and 39 male healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 46 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and diary data on mood and social interactions were obtained every 20 mi…
Risk Factors, Confounding, and the Illusion of Statistical Control
When experimental designs are premature, impractical, or impossible, researchers must rely on statistical methods to adjust for potentially confounding effects. Such procedures, however, are quite fallible. We examine several errors that often follow the use of statistical adjustment. The first is inferring a factor is causal because it predicts an outcome even after "statistical control" for other factors. This inference is fallacious when (as u…
Religious involvement and health outcomes among older persons in Taiwan
Attendance at Religious Services, Health, and the Lessons of Trinity
Behavioral Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry; Columbia University Medical Center; New York, NY
The Effect of Aerobic Training and Cardiac Autonomic Regulation in Young Adults
Objectives. We tested the effect of aerobic exercise on autonomic regulation of the heart in healthy young adults. Methods. Healthy, sedentary young adults (n = 149; age = 30.4 ± 7.53 years) were randomized to receive 12 weeks of either aerobic conditioning or strength training. Primary outcomes were heart rate and RR interval variability (RRV) measured before and after training and after 4 weeks of sedentary deconditioning. RRV, a noninvasive in…
Heart Rate Recovery After Cognitive Challenge Is Preserved With Age
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of age on heart rate recovery (HRR) from cognitive challenge. BACKGROUND: Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. HRR from exercise is an established predictor of cardiac morbidity and mortality, and evidence suggests that HRR from cognitive challenge is predictive of cardiac morbidity as well. Aging is associated with delayed HRR from exercise stress, but little is k…
Depression Is Associated With Increased Mortality 10 Years After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
OBJECTIVE: To determine if depression is independently associated with cardiac and all-cause mortality 10 years after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Although many studies have examined the relationship of depression and mortality in patients with myocardial infarction, there is less understanding of the relationship between depression and long-term mortality after CABG surgery. METHODS: In a prospective study, we collected data on 3…
Cardiac Autonomic Control and Treatment of Hostility: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Objective: To test whether reduction in hostility increases autonomic regulation of the heart. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, participants were 158 healthy adults, aged 20 years to 45 years, who were 1 standard deviation (SD) above national norms on the Cook-Medley Hostility and the Spielberger Trait Anger Indices. Participants also were interviewed, using the Interpersonal Hostility Assessment Technique (IHAT). They were randomly …
A Computerized Stroop Task to Assess Cancer-Related Cognitive Biases
Biases in processing information related to sources of stress have widely been demonstrated with the use of Stroop emotional color word tasks. One study reported such biases among women with histories of breast cancer in a first-degree relative (FH+) who were given a Stroop cancer word task. This study aimed to replicate and extend these findings with a computerized version of the task. Response latencies and errors were recorded during administr…
Impact of Aerobic Training on Cardiovascular Reactivity to and Recovery From Challenge
OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that aerobic, but not strength, training would lead to attenuated reactivity to and more rapid recovery from cognitive and orthostatic challenge and that deconditioning would reverse this effect. METHODS: We conducted a randomized controlled trial contrasting the effects of aerobic versus strength training on heart rate, four indices of RR interval variability, and blood pressure reactivity to and recovery from p…
Medicine (34 works) · Psychology (28 works) · Internal Medicine (21 works) · Internal Medicine (19 works) · Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control (18 works) · Blood pressure (17 works) · Clinical Psychology (15 works) · Heart rate (15 works) · Cardiology (13 works) · Heart rate variability (10 works)