Amy Raub
Biographic Data
| ID | 226928 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Amy Raub |
| GIVEN NAMES | Amy |
| FAMILY NAME | Raub |
| SIGNATURE | RAUB A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Los Angeles |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5207-0807 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 39 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 119 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 39 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2011 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Tuition-free lower secondary education and women's healthcare decision-making in Sub-Saharan Africa
Autonomy in healthcare decision-making is not only critical for women's health, but also more broadly to gender equality, women's economic outcomes, and children's health. Moreover, the right to control over own's health is a fundamental human right recognized by international and regional frameworks. While education is widely recognized as a key pathway to enhancing women's autonomy, there is limited evidence on whether large-scale policy interv…
The Impact of Extending Paid Maternity and Paternity Leave on Female Employment: A Comparative Policy Analysis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Assessing the Relationship Between the Implementation of Compulsory Education Laws and Girls’ School Attendance in Twenty-Seven Countries
Achieving education for all and gender parity in education is central to Sustainable Development Goal 4. However, there are still an estimated 78 million primary-school-age children and 64 million lower-secondary-school-age children. Half of these out-of-school children live in sub-Saharan Africa. Disproportionately, girls are out of school, particularly rural and low-income girls. Building longitudinal policy data from 51 African countries and u…
National Action to Reduce Barriers to and Bias against Women’s Leadership: A Comparative Analysis of Laws and Policies in 193 Countries
How equitably does paid parental leave reach different types of families? An analysis of legal frameworks in 193 countries
Mapping Progress in Workplace Protections: A Study of Global LGBTQI + Workplace Antidiscrimination Legislation in 2016 and 2023
Introduction Despite global commitments to advance economic inclusion for all, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI +) workers around the world continue to face workplace discrimination based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sex characteristics (SOGIESC). Developing a detailed global understanding of national laws addressing SOGIESC-based employment discrimination is a critical step …
The combined effect of free and compulsory lower secondary education on educational attainment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Greater educational attainment has vast economic, health, and intergenerational benefits, yet less than half children in sub-Saharan Africa complete lower secondary school. In contrast to primary education, there is limited research on the impact of national policies at the secondary level on educational attainment. A significant number of low-income countries continue to charge tuition for secondary education and a majority do not make secondary…
Realizing the right to education for all: Approaches to removing barriers based on gender, disability, and socioeconomic status in 193 countries
The impact of introducing free & compulsory pre-primary education policy on mothers’ labor outcomes
Progress towards gender equality in paid parental leave: An Analysis of Legislation in 193 Countries From 1995-2022
Gender inequality in infant caregiving contributes to gender inequality in paid work, especially since workers often become parents during pivotal career stages. Whether women and men have equal access to paid leave for infant care can meaningfully shape patterns of caregiving in ways that have long-term economic impacts. We used a longitudinal database of paid leave policies in 193 countries to examine how the availability of paid leave for infa…
Reducing child marriage in sub-Saharan Africa: Evaluating the joint potential of protective marriage and education policies
Child marriage remains prevalent: 1 in 5 women aged 20–24 report marriage before 18. • Health risks include early pregnancy and exposure to intimate partner violence. • Both child marriage laws and access to education have been proposed as solutions. • Two-way fixed effects models were used to evaluate these policy impacts in Africa. • Results suggest both policies are needed to effectively reduce child marriage. The public health burden associat…
The intergenerational effect of tuition-free lower-secondary education on children’s nutritional outcomes in Africa
One in five child deaths under age 5 are a result of severe wasting. Malnutrition at early ages is linked to lifelong consequences, such as reduced cognitive skills, reduced earnings in adulthood and chronic health conditions. Countries worldwide have committed to addressing child undernutrition, and ending hunger is foundational to the Millennium Development Goals. In this paper, we study the intergenerational effect of providing free tuition in…
Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: A new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries
Purpose While only one aspect of fulfilling equal rights, effectively addressing workplace discrimination is integral to creating economies, and countries, that allow for everyone's full and equal participation. Design/methodology/approach Labor, anti-discrimination, and other relevant pieces of legislation were identified through the International Labor Organization's NATLEX database, supplemented with legislation identified through country webs…
The Equal Rights Amendment in Global Context: Gender Equality in Constitutions Worldwide and the Potential of More Comprehensive Approaches
This piece was submitted in connection with the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project
Supporting children’s health needs: An analysis of paid leave policies in 193 countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the extent to which national laws and policies shape public health and economic security. Paid leave policies enable parents to meet children's health needs while maintaining job and income security. These policies matter immensely to children's health every year. Yet, little is known about the extent to which policies exist to support the full range of childhood health needs. Using a novel dataset constructe…
Assessing national action through emergency paid leave to mitigate the impact of Covid-19-related school closures on working families in 182 countries
In April 2020, nearly 1.6 billion learners were out of school. While a growing body of literature has documented the detrimental impact of these closures on children, less attention has been devoted to the steps countries took to mitigate the impact of these closures on working families. Paid leave is recognized as an important policy tool to enable working parents the time they need to respond to family needs without risking job or income loss. …
Progress Towards Ending Sexual Harassment at Work? A Comparison of Sexual Harassment Policy in 192 Countries
Eliminating sexual harassment at work has an important role to play in accelerating progress toward gender equality in the economy. This study examines how 192 countries’ laws address workplace sexual harassment and measures the pace of change in adopting new legislation over the past five years since the #MeToo movement, during which global momentum to address sexual harassment increased. The analysis finds that an additional 13 countries now pr…
Utilizing a Comparative Policy Resource from the WORLD Policy Analysis Center Covering Constitutional Rights, Laws, and Policies across 193 Countries for Outcome Analysis, Monitoring, and Accountabili…
Historically, a lack of comparable data on the laws and policies that shape health, education, poverty, and other outcomes has hindered researchers’ ability to provide rigorous evidence on the effectiveness of different policy designs. This article describes public-use downloadable data built by the WORLD Policy Analysis Center to fill this gap. Over 2,000 quantitatively comparable measures of national laws and policies across 193 countries were …
Preventing immigration detention of children: A comparative study of laws in 150 countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has shined a spotlight on the fundamental incompatibility of immigration detention with health. Yet immigration detention's threats to human rights did not begin with COVID-19. International treaties are clear that detaining children based on citizenship is a violation of human rights law. However, for international treaties and agreements to be fulfilled, most individual countries must enact domestic laws and policies to im…
Differential eligibility for paid leave benefits in OECD countries: The Impact of Tenure Requirements for Young Workers
Research has shown health and economic benefits to having access to paid family and medical leave, yet eligibility requirements restrict coverage. The impact and variation of these requirements across countries have not been studied. This study addresses this gap using original data on legislated tenure requirements and worker tenure as reported in national household surveys from countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Developm…
Advancing Equality: How Constitutional Rights Can Make a Difference Worldwide
In a world where attacks on the basic human rights and equal worth of all people are escalating, Advancing Equality reminds us of the critical role of constitutions in protecting equal rights. Analyzing the constitutions of all 193 United Nations countries, this book traces fifty years of change in constitution drafting and examines how stronger protections against discrimination, alongside core social and economic rights, can transform lives. Lo…
Protecting health during Covid-19 and beyond: A global examination of paid sick leave design in 193 countries
Well-designed paid sick leave is critical to ensure workers stay home when sick to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens, both when the economy is open and during an economic shutdown. To assess whether paid sick leave is available in countries around the world, we created and analysed a database of legislative guarantees of paid leave for personal illness in 193 UN member states. Original labour and social security legi…
Providing a foundation for decent work and adequate income during health and economic crises: Constitutional approaches in 193 countries
Purpose As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads globally, the economic and health consequences are disproportionately affecting marginalized workers. However, countries' existing labor and social security laws often exclude the most vulnerable workers from coverage, exacerbating existing inequalities. Guaranteeing the rights to adequate income even when ill, decent working conditions and nondiscrimination in constitutions may provide a fou…
Legislative approaches to nondiscrimination at work: A Comparative Analysis Across 13 Groups in 193 Countries
Purpose There is substantial evidence of discrimination at work across countries and powerful evidence that antidiscrimination laws can make a difference. This study examines the extent of protections from discrimination at work in countries around the world and which groups were best covered. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses legal protections in hiring, pay, promotions/demotions, terminations and harassment for 13 different groups…
Protecting Adults With Caregiving Responsibilities From Workplace Discrimination: Analysis of National Legislation
ObjectiveThis study is the first to analyze the global extent of national legislation to prevent workplace discrimination against adults with caregiving responsibilities.BackgroundStudies indicate the existence of substantial discrimination based on pregnancy and family status. Research has also demonstrated that laws against workplace discrimination can reduce disparities in hiring, job retention, and pay. However, little is known about the exte…
Child Marriage Laws around the World: Minimum Marriage Age, Legal Exceptions, and Gender Disparities
The marriage of children below 18 is widely recognized in international human rights agreements as a discriminatory global practice that hinders the development and well-being of hundreds of millions of girls. Using a new global policy database, we analyze national legislation regarding minimum marriage age, exceptions permitting marriage at earlier ages, and gender disparities in laws. While our longitudinal data indicate improvements in frequen…
Progress towards gender equality in paid parental leave: An Analysis of Legislation in 193 Countries From 1995-2022
Gender inequality in infant caregiving contributes to gender inequality in paid work, especially since workers often become parents during pivotal career stages. Whether women and men have equal access to paid leave for infant care can meaningfully shape patterns of caregiving in ways that have long-term economic impacts. We used a longitudinal database of paid leave policies in 193 countries to examine how the availability of paid leave for infa…
Where do Women Stand? New Evidence on the Presence and Absence of Gender Equality in the World's Constitutions
In countries around the world, constitutional protections of women's rights have provided a legal foundation to combat discriminatory laws, customs, and actions and a catalyst for advances in gender equality. This article draws on newly available data from 191 countries to analyze women's constitutional rights across the spheres of general equality and nondiscrimination, political participation, social and economic rights, family life, and custom…
Maternal leave policies and vaccination coverage: A global analysis
Paid parental leave policies for single-parent households: An examination of legislative approaches in 34 OECD countries
Many studies have examined the availability of paid parental leave for the general population, but few have looked specifically at whether leave policies meet the needs of single parents. Across OECD countries, 17% of children on average live in single-parent households. Depending on policy framing, parental leave benefits may not meet the needs of parents and children in single-parent families. This study provides the first comprehensive examina…
Assessing Compliance with the crc
Currently, the report-based monitoring system of the crc provides a wealth of qualitative information about country performance, but not in a form that is frequently updated, easily analysable and comparable across countries and over time. To date, a broad range of quantitatively comparable indicators of laws and policies relevant to the crc have not been widely available. Through the world Policy Analysis Center, we have collected and analysed p…
Comparing the availability of paid parental leave for same-sex and different-sex couples in 34 OECD countries
The availability of paid family leave has been widely researched in the context of a two-parent household with one mother and one father, yet few studies have explored whether households with same-sex parents have access to equal benefits. Expanding on previous cross-country comparisons of parental leave policies, this study examines parental leave policies in 34 OECD countries to compare the total duration of paid parental leave available to sam…
Differential eligibility for paid leave benefits in OECD countries: The Impact of Tenure Requirements for Young Workers
Research has shown health and economic benefits to having access to paid family and medical leave, yet eligibility requirements restrict coverage. The impact and variation of these requirements across countries have not been studied. This study addresses this gap using original data on legislated tenure requirements and worker tenure as reported in national household surveys from countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Developm…
Constitutional rights to education and their relationship to national policy and school enrolment
This article assesses the status and evolution of education rights in 191 constitutions and analyzes their relationship to educational policies and enrolment rates. As of 2011, 81% of constitutions protected primary education universally and 53% designated it as free. A minority granted secondary (37%) and higher (35%) education or explicitly protected specific groups. Constitutions adopted after 1990, which belong predominantly to low- and middl…
The combined effect of free and compulsory lower secondary education on educational attainment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Greater educational attainment has vast economic, health, and intergenerational benefits, yet less than half children in sub-Saharan Africa complete lower secondary school. In contrast to primary education, there is limited research on the impact of national policies at the secondary level on educational attainment. A significant number of low-income countries continue to charge tuition for secondary education and a majority do not make secondary…
Constitutional protections in an era of increased migration: Evidence from 193 countries
This article examines how 193 constitutions address foreign citizens' and stateless persons' rights. As of May 2014, 24% of constitutions protected foreign citizens from discrimination; 17% guaranteed equal educational access, 15% granted equal employment and health rights and 12% guaranteed all of the civil rights we examined to foreign citizens. Stateless persons' rights were less commonly protected. Guarantees of non-citizens' rights peaked am…
Mapping Progress in Workplace Protections: A Study of Global LGBTQI + Workplace Antidiscrimination Legislation in 2016 and 2023
Introduction Despite global commitments to advance economic inclusion for all, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI +) workers around the world continue to face workplace discrimination based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sex characteristics (SOGIESC). Developing a detailed global understanding of national laws addressing SOGIESC-based employment discrimination is a critical step …
Legislative approaches to nondiscrimination at work: A Comparative Analysis Across 13 Groups in 193 Countries
Purpose There is substantial evidence of discrimination at work across countries and powerful evidence that antidiscrimination laws can make a difference. This study examines the extent of protections from discrimination at work in countries around the world and which groups were best covered. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses legal protections in hiring, pay, promotions/demotions, terminations and harassment for 13 different groups…
Protecting Adults With Caregiving Responsibilities From Workplace Discrimination: Analysis of National Legislation
ObjectiveThis study is the first to analyze the global extent of national legislation to prevent workplace discrimination against adults with caregiving responsibilities.BackgroundStudies indicate the existence of substantial discrimination based on pregnancy and family status. Research has also demonstrated that laws against workplace discrimination can reduce disparities in hiring, job retention, and pay. However, little is known about the exte…
How equitably does paid parental leave reach different types of families? An analysis of legal frameworks in 193 countries
The impact of introducing free & compulsory pre-primary education policy on mothers’ labor outcomes
Race, ethnicity, and discrimination at work: A new analysis of legal protections and gaps in all 193 UN countries
Purpose While only one aspect of fulfilling equal rights, effectively addressing workplace discrimination is integral to creating economies, and countries, that allow for everyone's full and equal participation. Design/methodology/approach Labor, anti-discrimination, and other relevant pieces of legislation were identified through the International Labor Organization's NATLEX database, supplemented with legislation identified through country webs…
Progress Towards Ending Sexual Harassment at Work? A Comparison of Sexual Harassment Policy in 192 Countries
Eliminating sexual harassment at work has an important role to play in accelerating progress toward gender equality in the economy. This study examines how 192 countries’ laws address workplace sexual harassment and measures the pace of change in adopting new legislation over the past five years since the #MeToo movement, during which global momentum to address sexual harassment increased. The analysis finds that an additional 13 countries now pr…
Utilizing a Comparative Policy Resource from the WORLD Policy Analysis Center Covering Constitutional Rights, Laws, and Policies across 193 Countries for Outcome Analysis, Monitoring, and Accountabili…
Historically, a lack of comparable data on the laws and policies that shape health, education, poverty, and other outcomes has hindered researchers’ ability to provide rigorous evidence on the effectiveness of different policy designs. This article describes public-use downloadable data built by the WORLD Policy Analysis Center to fill this gap. Over 2,000 quantitatively comparable measures of national laws and policies across 193 countries were …
Preventing immigration detention of children: A comparative study of laws in 150 countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has shined a spotlight on the fundamental incompatibility of immigration detention with health. Yet immigration detention's threats to human rights did not begin with COVID-19. International treaties are clear that detaining children based on citizenship is a violation of human rights law. However, for international treaties and agreements to be fulfilled, most individual countries must enact domestic laws and policies to im…
Providing a foundation for decent work and adequate income during health and economic crises: Constitutional approaches in 193 countries
Purpose As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads globally, the economic and health consequences are disproportionately affecting marginalized workers. However, countries' existing labor and social security laws often exclude the most vulnerable workers from coverage, exacerbating existing inequalities. Guaranteeing the rights to adequate income even when ill, decent working conditions and nondiscrimination in constitutions may provide a fou…
Can Working Women and Men Afford to Take Paid Leave? A Comparative Study of the Level of Paid Leave Benefits and Poverty Thresholds in the OECD
Using a new comparative database of paid family and medical leave policies in 34 OECD countries, the article analyzes whether payments enable households of average and minimum wage workers to avoid poverty at three points during leave. The majority of countries ensure that benefits for average wage earners are above the poverty threshold during week one of paid parental leave, as well as of paid leave for personal illness and for family member’s …
The state of child labor protections in 193 countries: Are countries living up to their international commitments
Purpose Nearly every country has committed to protect children from work that could be harmful or interfere with their education by ratifying the International Labour Organization Minimum Age Convention (C138). Yet there is little transparency and accountability around whether countries have followed through on these commitments by passing legislation to protect children from work. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approa…
Maternal leave policies and vaccination coverage: A global analysis
From Human Rights Agreements to National Change – Illustrating a More Transparent Approach to Accountability
Constitutional rights to health, public health and medical care: The status of health protections in 191 countries
United Nations (UN) member states have universally recognised the right to health in international agreements, but protection of this right at the national level remains incomplete. This article examines the level and scope of constitutional protection of specific rights to public health and medical care, as well as the broad right to health. We analysed health rights in the constitutions of 191 UN countries in 2007 and 2011. We examined how righ…
Assessing Compliance with the crc
Currently, the report-based monitoring system of the crc provides a wealth of qualitative information about country performance, but not in a form that is frequently updated, easily analysable and comparable across countries and over time. To date, a broad range of quantitatively comparable indicators of laws and policies relevant to the crc have not been widely available. Through the world Policy Analysis Center, we have collected and analysed p…
Constitutional rights to education and their relationship to national policy and school enrolment
This article assesses the status and evolution of education rights in 191 constitutions and analyzes their relationship to educational policies and enrolment rates. As of 2011, 81% of constitutions protected primary education universally and 53% designated it as free. A minority granted secondary (37%) and higher (35%) education or explicitly protected specific groups. Constitutions adopted after 1990, which belong predominantly to low- and middl…
Where do Women Stand? New Evidence on the Presence and Absence of Gender Equality in the World's Constitutions
In countries around the world, constitutional protections of women's rights have provided a legal foundation to combat discriminatory laws, customs, and actions and a catalyst for advances in gender equality. This article draws on newly available data from 191 countries to analyze women's constitutional rights across the spheres of general equality and nondiscrimination, political participation, social and economic rights, family life, and custom…
Constitutional protections in an era of increased migration: Evidence from 193 countries
This article examines how 193 constitutions address foreign citizens' and stateless persons' rights. As of May 2014, 24% of constitutions protected foreign citizens from discrimination; 17% guaranteed equal educational access, 15% granted equal employment and health rights and 12% guaranteed all of the civil rights we examined to foreign citizens. Stateless persons' rights were less commonly protected. Guarantees of non-citizens' rights peaked am…
Do constitutions guarantee equal rights across socioeconomic status? A half century of change in the world's constitutions
For those disadvantaged by bias and barriers based on socioeconomic status (SES), constitutions can provide a defense against discrimination and a foundation for greater equality in social, economic, and political life. In light of the near-global commitment to a multi-dimensional poverty reduction agenda and the increased inclusion of marginalized groups in constitution-drafting processes, this article examines how 193 constitutions address SES …
The association of minimum wage change on child nutritional status in LMICs: A quasi-experimental multi-country study
There is recognition that social protection policies such as raising the minimum wage can favourably impact health, but little evidence links minimum wage increases to child health outcomes. We used multi-year data (2003-2012) on national minimum wages linked to individual-level data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 23 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) that had least two DHS surveys to establish pre- and post-observation …
Child Marriage Laws around the World: Minimum Marriage Age, Legal Exceptions, and Gender Disparities
The marriage of children below 18 is widely recognized in international human rights agreements as a discriminatory global practice that hinders the development and well-being of hundreds of millions of girls. Using a new global policy database, we analyze national legislation regarding minimum marriage age, exceptions permitting marriage at earlier ages, and gender disparities in laws. While our longitudinal data indicate improvements in frequen…
Can Working Women and Men Afford to Take Paid Leave? A Comparative Study of the Level of Paid Leave Benefits and Poverty Thresholds in the OECD
Using a new comparative database of paid family and medical leave policies in 34 OECD countries, the article analyzes whether payments enable households of average and minimum wage workers to avoid poverty at three points during leave. The majority of countries ensure that benefits for average wage earners are above the poverty threshold during week one of paid parental leave, as well as of paid leave for personal illness and for family member’s …
The state of child labor protections in 193 countries: Are countries living up to their international commitments
Purpose Nearly every country has committed to protect children from work that could be harmful or interfere with their education by ratifying the International Labour Organization Minimum Age Convention (C138). Yet there is little transparency and accountability around whether countries have followed through on these commitments by passing legislation to protect children from work. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approa…
Advancing Equality: How Constitutional Rights Can Make a Difference Worldwide
In a world where attacks on the basic human rights and equal worth of all people are escalating, Advancing Equality reminds us of the critical role of constitutions in protecting equal rights. Analyzing the constitutions of all 193 United Nations countries, this book traces fifty years of change in constitution drafting and examines how stronger protections against discrimination, alongside core social and economic rights, can transform lives. Lo…
Protecting health during Covid-19 and beyond: A global examination of paid sick leave design in 193 countries
Well-designed paid sick leave is critical to ensure workers stay home when sick to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and other infectious pathogens, both when the economy is open and during an economic shutdown. To assess whether paid sick leave is available in countries around the world, we created and analysed a database of legislative guarantees of paid leave for personal illness in 193 UN member states. Original labour and social security legi…
Providing a foundation for decent work and adequate income during health and economic crises: Constitutional approaches in 193 countries
Purpose As coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spreads globally, the economic and health consequences are disproportionately affecting marginalized workers. However, countries' existing labor and social security laws often exclude the most vulnerable workers from coverage, exacerbating existing inequalities. Guaranteeing the rights to adequate income even when ill, decent working conditions and nondiscrimination in constitutions may provide a fou…
Legislative approaches to nondiscrimination at work: A Comparative Analysis Across 13 Groups in 193 Countries
Purpose There is substantial evidence of discrimination at work across countries and powerful evidence that antidiscrimination laws can make a difference. This study examines the extent of protections from discrimination at work in countries around the world and which groups were best covered. Design/methodology/approach This study assesses legal protections in hiring, pay, promotions/demotions, terminations and harassment for 13 different groups…
Protecting Adults With Caregiving Responsibilities From Workplace Discrimination: Analysis of National Legislation
ObjectiveThis study is the first to analyze the global extent of national legislation to prevent workplace discrimination against adults with caregiving responsibilities.BackgroundStudies indicate the existence of substantial discrimination based on pregnancy and family status. Research has also demonstrated that laws against workplace discrimination can reduce disparities in hiring, job retention, and pay. However, little is known about the exte…
Paid parental leave policies for single-parent households: An examination of legislative approaches in 34 OECD countries
Many studies have examined the availability of paid parental leave for the general population, but few have looked specifically at whether leave policies meet the needs of single parents. Across OECD countries, 17% of children on average live in single-parent households. Depending on policy framing, parental leave benefits may not meet the needs of parents and children in single-parent families. This study provides the first comprehensive examina…
Comparing the availability of paid parental leave for same-sex and different-sex couples in 34 OECD countries
The availability of paid family leave has been widely researched in the context of a two-parent household with one mother and one father, yet few studies have explored whether households with same-sex parents have access to equal benefits. Expanding on previous cross-country comparisons of parental leave policies, this study examines parental leave policies in 34 OECD countries to compare the total duration of paid parental leave available to sam…
Utilizing a Comparative Policy Resource from the WORLD Policy Analysis Center Covering Constitutional Rights, Laws, and Policies across 193 Countries for Outcome Analysis, Monitoring, and Accountabili…
Historically, a lack of comparable data on the laws and policies that shape health, education, poverty, and other outcomes has hindered researchers’ ability to provide rigorous evidence on the effectiveness of different policy designs. This article describes public-use downloadable data built by the WORLD Policy Analysis Center to fill this gap. Over 2,000 quantitatively comparable measures of national laws and policies across 193 countries were …
Preventing immigration detention of children: A comparative study of laws in 150 countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has shined a spotlight on the fundamental incompatibility of immigration detention with health. Yet immigration detention's threats to human rights did not begin with COVID-19. International treaties are clear that detaining children based on citizenship is a violation of human rights law. However, for international treaties and agreements to be fulfilled, most individual countries must enact domestic laws and policies to im…
Differential eligibility for paid leave benefits in OECD countries: The Impact of Tenure Requirements for Young Workers
Research has shown health and economic benefits to having access to paid family and medical leave, yet eligibility requirements restrict coverage. The impact and variation of these requirements across countries have not been studied. This study addresses this gap using original data on legislated tenure requirements and worker tenure as reported in national household surveys from countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Developm…
The Equal Rights Amendment in Global Context: Gender Equality in Constitutions Worldwide and the Potential of More Comprehensive Approaches
This piece was submitted in connection with the 2022 Symposium The Equal Rights Amendment: A New Guarantee of Sex Equality in the U.S. Constitution. The event was co-sponsored by the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law and the Columbia Law School ERA Project
Supporting children’s health needs: An analysis of paid leave policies in 193 countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the extent to which national laws and policies shape public health and economic security. Paid leave policies enable parents to meet children's health needs while maintaining job and income security. These policies matter immensely to children's health every year. Yet, little is known about the extent to which policies exist to support the full range of childhood health needs. Using a novel dataset constructe…
Assessing national action through emergency paid leave to mitigate the impact of Covid-19-related school closures on working families in 182 countries
In April 2020, nearly 1.6 billion learners were out of school. While a growing body of literature has documented the detrimental impact of these closures on children, less attention has been devoted to the steps countries took to mitigate the impact of these closures on working families. Paid leave is recognized as an important policy tool to enable working parents the time they need to respond to family needs without risking job or income loss. …
Political science (28 works) · Economics (26 works) · Law (21 works) · Law (17 works) · Economic growth (15 works) · Demographic economics (14 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare (12 works) · Legislation (11 works) · Medicine (11 works)