James A Dyal
Biographic Data
| ID | 228598 |
|---|---|
| NAME | James A Dyal |
| GIVEN NAMES | James A |
| FAMILY NAME | Dyal |
| SIGNATURE | DYAL J A |
| AFFILIATIONS | Southern Methodist University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 13 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 35 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 13 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1958 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1992 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Perceived threat and control as moderators of peace activism: Implications for mobilizing the public in the pursuit of disarmament
The present study was designed to investigate what variables discriminate individuals who actively work to promote disarmament from individuals who share the same attitudes but remain inactive. It is argued that if a person appraises nuclear war as an unlikely event, then it is not necessary to contemplate what can be done to prevent it. In contrast, if a threat is perceived, several possible coping strategies might be available, one of which is …
Stress and Distress: A Study-of Hong Kong Chinese and Euro-Canadian Students
Frequency and intensity of stressful life events (SLE) and distress (neurotic symptom formation and anxiety) were compared in groups of Chinese students at the University of Hong Kong, Chinese student sojourners at a Canadian University, and Euro-Canadian students. The results are dominated by a strong Gender X Culture interaction for the total symptom score such that Chinese females, especially female sojourners, are most at risk. There were no …
Acculturation, stress and coping
On the Combination of Drive and Incentive Motivation: ” A Critical Comment
Black's (1965) evaluation of the literature on the combination of drive and incentive is criticized on two grounds. (1) In order to reconcile to the existing data his arguments for an additive relationship he must shift his theoretical assumptions from one argument to the next; unfortunately he never makes this shift explicit; (2) he ignores available data which are contrary to his view that D and K combine additively. An operational analysis of …
Problem-Solving Assembly of Separately Acquired Behavior Segments: Negative Results
The experimental design was a modification of Hull's reasoning paradigm. Ss were given one forced trial per day in each of four runway segments. The trials to food, routes A-C and B-C, always preceded those to water, routes A-B and A-D. After 20 days of training under 22-hr. food and water deprivation Ss were placed under a “pure” hunger drive and given free choices between the A-B and A-D segments. The results required acceptance of the null hyp…
Effects of Nonresponse Acquisition on Latent Extinction in a Differential Reinforcement Setting
The present experiment was designed to determine the effects of 100%, 50%, and 0% reinforcement of nonresponse acquisition on the regular acquisition, latent extinction, and regular extinction of an instrumental running response. Ss were 78 male rats randomly assigned to six treatment conditions which included the administering of pretraining and training placements under varied reinforcement, followed by latent extinction and regular extinction …
Experimental Tests of Hull's Reasoning Paradigms
Two tests of Hull's reasoning paradigm were conducted. The basic paradigm required that rats be trained to approach goal box C for one incentive and to approach goal boxes B and D for an incentive which differed in quality and/or quantity. It was further required that goal box B serve as the termination of an A-B sequence and the beginning of a B-C sequence. Hull predicted on the basis of the r g mechanism that under test conditions requiring a c…
Latent Extinction Under Irrelevant Drive
Spontaneous Recovery from Non-Response Extinction
Although several studies have demonstrated the latent extinction effect, only two have investigated the influence of the duration of the interval between placement into the goal box and the start of regular extinction trials, i.e., the placement-test interval (PTI), throughout a sizable portion of the range of this variable. These two studies resulted in contradictory conclusions. Deese (1951) obtained no evidence for the presence of spontaneous …
Spontaneous Recovery From Non-Response Extinction
Latent Extinction under Irrelevant Drive
Within the last decade the concept of anticipatory goal response has come to carry an increasing explanatory load in S-R interpretations of learning. One of the most pervasive assumptions which has been made about the r, mechanism is that r,s which are elicited by hunger and associated with eating are to some extent incompatible with those elicited by thirsr. This assumption is implicit in Spence's interpretation of irrelevant incentive learning …
Secondary Motivation Based on Appetites and Aversions
Secondary Motivation Based on Appetites and Aversions
Acculturation, stress and coping
Stress and Distress: A Study-of Hong Kong Chinese and Euro-Canadian Students
Frequency and intensity of stressful life events (SLE) and distress (neurotic symptom formation and anxiety) were compared in groups of Chinese students at the University of Hong Kong, Chinese student sojourners at a Canadian University, and Euro-Canadian students. The results are dominated by a strong Gender X Culture interaction for the total symptom score such that Chinese females, especially female sojourners, are most at risk. There were no …
Perceived threat and control as moderators of peace activism: Implications for mobilizing the public in the pursuit of disarmament
The present study was designed to investigate what variables discriminate individuals who actively work to promote disarmament from individuals who share the same attitudes but remain inactive. It is argued that if a person appraises nuclear war as an unlikely event, then it is not necessary to contemplate what can be done to prevent it. In contrast, if a threat is perceived, several possible coping strategies might be available, one of which is …
Secondary Motivation Based on Appetites and Aversions
Secondary Motivation Based on Appetites and Aversions
Latent Extinction Under Irrelevant Drive
Spontaneous Recovery from Non-Response Extinction
Although several studies have demonstrated the latent extinction effect, only two have investigated the influence of the duration of the interval between placement into the goal box and the start of regular extinction trials, i.e., the placement-test interval (PTI), throughout a sizable portion of the range of this variable. These two studies resulted in contradictory conclusions. Deese (1951) obtained no evidence for the presence of spontaneous …
Spontaneous Recovery From Non-Response Extinction
Latent Extinction under Irrelevant Drive
Within the last decade the concept of anticipatory goal response has come to carry an increasing explanatory load in S-R interpretations of learning. One of the most pervasive assumptions which has been made about the r, mechanism is that r,s which are elicited by hunger and associated with eating are to some extent incompatible with those elicited by thirsr. This assumption is implicit in Spence's interpretation of irrelevant incentive learning …
Problem-Solving Assembly of Separately Acquired Behavior Segments: Negative Results
The experimental design was a modification of Hull's reasoning paradigm. Ss were given one forced trial per day in each of four runway segments. The trials to food, routes A-C and B-C, always preceded those to water, routes A-B and A-D. After 20 days of training under 22-hr. food and water deprivation Ss were placed under a “pure” hunger drive and given free choices between the A-B and A-D segments. The results required acceptance of the null hyp…
Effects of Nonresponse Acquisition on Latent Extinction in a Differential Reinforcement Setting
The present experiment was designed to determine the effects of 100%, 50%, and 0% reinforcement of nonresponse acquisition on the regular acquisition, latent extinction, and regular extinction of an instrumental running response. Ss were 78 male rats randomly assigned to six treatment conditions which included the administering of pretraining and training placements under varied reinforcement, followed by latent extinction and regular extinction …
Experimental Tests of Hull's Reasoning Paradigms
Two tests of Hull's reasoning paradigm were conducted. The basic paradigm required that rats be trained to approach goal box C for one incentive and to approach goal boxes B and D for an incentive which differed in quality and/or quantity. It was further required that goal box B serve as the termination of an A-B sequence and the beginning of a B-C sequence. Hull predicted on the basis of the r g mechanism that under test conditions requiring a c…
On the Combination of Drive and Incentive Motivation: ” A Critical Comment
Black's (1965) evaluation of the literature on the combination of drive and incentive is criticized on two grounds. (1) In order to reconcile to the existing data his arguments for an additive relationship he must shift his theoretical assumptions from one argument to the next; unfortunately he never makes this shift explicit; (2) he ignores available data which are contrary to his view that D and K combine additively. An operational analysis of …
Acculturation, stress and coping
Stress and Distress: A Study-of Hong Kong Chinese and Euro-Canadian Students
Frequency and intensity of stressful life events (SLE) and distress (neurotic symptom formation and anxiety) were compared in groups of Chinese students at the University of Hong Kong, Chinese student sojourners at a Canadian University, and Euro-Canadian students. The results are dominated by a strong Gender X Culture interaction for the total symptom score such that Chinese females, especially female sojourners, are most at risk. There were no …
Perceived threat and control as moderators of peace activism: Implications for mobilizing the public in the pursuit of disarmament
The present study was designed to investigate what variables discriminate individuals who actively work to promote disarmament from individuals who share the same attitudes but remain inactive. It is argued that if a person appraises nuclear war as an unlikely event, then it is not necessary to contemplate what can be done to prevent it. In contrast, if a threat is perceived, several possible coping strategies might be available, one of which is …
Psychology (12 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Social Psychology (10 works) · Cognitive psychology (7 works) · Developmental psychology (6 works) · Extinction (optical mineralogy (5 works) · Physics (4 works) · Behavioral and Psychological Studies (3 works) · Epistemology (3 works) · Mathematics (3 works)