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John M Levis

Biographic Data

ID230465
NAMEJohn M Levis
GIVEN NAMESJohn M
FAMILY NAMELevis
SIGNATURELEVIS J M
AFFILIATIONSIowa State University
ORCID0000-0001-7405-5969
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS26
TOTAL CITATIONS113
AUTHOR COUNT26
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1999
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX4
  • English—Issues in Applied Phonology, Phonetics, and Pronunciation

    Open Access•John M Levis•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2026

    This entry describes key issues in English applied phonology, phonetics, and pronunciation. After a description of the role of English in the world, it describes the sounds and prosody of English, followed by an overview of common challenges in pronunciation for language learners, focusing on segmentals (i.e., consonants and vowels) and suprasegmentals (e.g., intonation, rhythm, and word‐ and sentence‐stress). Next, the most important issues in p…

  • Applied Phonology, Phonetics, and Pronunciation

    Open Access•Amanda Huensch, Christopher L Nagle et al.•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2026

    This entry provides an overview of the applied phonetics and phonology section of the Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics . Applied Phonetics, Phonology, and Pronunciation (APPP) is a vibrant field of research and practice devoted to the learning and teaching of second language pronunciation. Since the publication of the first edition of the Encyclopedia in 2013, APP has emerged as a prominent stream within applied linguistics thanks to its own h…

  • Automatic speech recognition and pronunciation learning

    Open Access•Shannon McCrocklin, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Teaching•2025•References: 12

  • The impact of functional load and cumulative errors on listeners' judgments of comprehensibility and accentedness

    Open Access•Mutleb Alnafisah, Erik Goodale et al.•ARTICLE•System•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 7

  • Vowel Quality and Direction of Stress Shift in a Predictive Model Explaining the Varying Impact of Misplaced Word Stress: Evidence From English

    Open Access•Monica Ghosh, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Communication•2021

    The use of suprasegmental cues to word stress occurs across many languages. Nevertheless, L1 English listeners' pay little attention to suprasegmental word stress cues and evidence shows that segmental cues are more important to L1 English listeners in how words are identified in speech. L1 English listeners assume strong syllables with full vowels mark the beginning of a new word, attempting alternative resegmentations only when this heuristic f…

  • The Southwestern Mandarin /n/-/l/ Merger: Effects on Production in Standard Mandarin and English

    Open Access•Wei Zhang, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Communication•2021

    Southwestern Mandarin is one of the most important modern Chinese dialects, with over 270 million speakers. One of its most noticeable phonological features is an inconsistent distinction between the pronunciation of (n) and (l), a feature shared with Cantonese. However, while /n/-/l/ in Cantonese has been studied extensively, especially in its effect upon English pronunciation, the /l/-/n/ distinction has not been widely studied for Southwestern…

  • Automatic Speech Recognition

    Open Access•John M Levis, Ruslan Suvorov•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2020

    Recent advances in technology and computing have made a profound impact on automatic speech recognition (ASR). With the advent of deep learning and a proliferation of digital devices, interactive ASR‐based systems such as Siri, Cortana, and Alexa have become an integral component of many people's daily lives. The application of ASR technology in applied linguistics has been demonstrated to provide unique affordances for the development of second …

  • Prosody in Second Language Teaching: Methodologies and effectiveness

    Dorothy M Chun, John M Levis et al.•CHAPTER•Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody•2020

    Teaching and learning second language (L2) prosody attracted attention from early theorists before becoming disconnected from linguistic theory. Now, theoretical and pedagogical attention are both seen as aspects of L2 teaching, especially in regard to how prosody affects how listeners understand the speech of L2 learners. This chapter discusses how prosody affects the comprehensibility and intelligibility of L2 speech. It suggests ways in which …

  • Research into practice: How research appears in pronunciation teaching materials

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Teaching•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 53

    Research into pronunciation has often disregarded its potential to inform pedagogy. This is due partly to the historical development of pronunciation teaching and research, but its effect is that there is often a mismatch between research and teaching. This paper looks at four areas in which the (mis)match is imperfect but in which a greater recognition of research can lead to better teaching materials (high variability phonetic training, intonat…

  • Native and Nonnative Teachers of L2 Pronunciation: Effects on Learner Performance

    Open Access•John M Levis, Sinem Sonsaat et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2016•Cited by: 15•References: 58

    Both native and nonnative language teachers often find pronunciation a difficult skill to teach because of inadequate training or uncertainty about the effectiveness of instruction. But nonnative language teachers may also see themselves as inadequate models for pronunciation, leading to increased uncertainty about whether they should teach pronunciation (Golombek & Jordan, 2005). Although studies have regularly shown that instruction is effectiv…

  • Pronunciation for English as an international language: From research to practice

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•Asian Englishes•2015

  • Native speakers and native users: Loss and gain

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•Journal of Multilingual and…•2015

    In this collection of new and previously published work – focusing largely on English – Alan Davies explores what it means to be a native speaker, and how highly proficient non-native speakers (nat

  • Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•American Speech•2013•References: 7

    Review Article| May 01 2013 Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech John M. Levis John M. Levis Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech (2013) 88 (2): 235–246. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-2346807 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation John M. Levis; Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech. American Speech 1 May 2013; 88 (2): 2…

  • Automatic Speech Recognition

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is an independent, machine‐based process of decoding and transcribing oral speech. A typical ASR system receives acoustic input from a speaker through a microphone, analyzes it using some pattern, model, or algorithm, and produces an output, usually in the form of a text (Lai, Karat, & Yankelovich, 2008).

  • Suprasegmentals: Intonation

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Intonation refers to a combination of acoustic parameters, including duration, intensity, and pitch used to communicate discourse meaning.

  • Phonetics and Phonology: Overview

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Although phonetics and phonology both concern the study of speech, linguists have traditionally considered these as different areas of study.

  • Topics, Aims, and Constraints in English Teacher Research: A Chinese Case Study

    Open Access•Ali Shehadeh, John M Levis et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    AM - Accepted Manuscript

  • Diagnosing the Support Needs of Second Language Writers: Does the Time Allowance Matter

    Open Access•Ali Shehadeh, John M Levis et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2009•References: 10

  • Phonological Awareness and Speech Comprehensibility: An Exploratory Study

    H S Venkatagiri, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Awareness•2007

    This study examined whether differences in phonological awareness were related to differences in speech comprehensibility. Seventeen adults who learned English as a foreign language (EFL) in academic settings completed 14 tests of phonological awareness that measured their explicit knowledge of English phonological structures, and three tests of phonological short term memory. The same participants also read aloud a passage and narrated picture s…

  • Failing the Practicum: Narrowing the Gap Between Expectations and Reality With Reflective Practice

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2007•Cited by: 1•References: 4

  • Changing Contexts and Shifting Paradigms in Pronunciation Teaching

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2005•Cited by: 76•References: 14

    ■ Pronunciation is perhaps the linguistic feature most open to judgment.As a surface structure phenomenon that is most noticeable, one's accent easily evokes people's biases.For the same reason, pronunciation has been the most prescriptively taught aspect of language instruction.Pedagogies for accent reduction have bordered on the pathological.The articles in this special topic issue bring a much needed research focus on social and communicative …

  • Teaching intonation in discourse using speech visualization technology

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•System•2004•Cited by: 8•References: 2

  • Intonation and Discourse: Three Approaches

    John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2004

  • The Phonology of English as an International Language

    Judy B Gilbert, John M Levis•REVIEW•TESOL Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 2

  • The intonation and meaning of normal yes/no questions

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•World Englishes•1999•Cited by: 2•References: 1

    The typical intonation of yes/no questions in American English is usually thought to be high‐rising. Accounts of yes/no questions also assume that the intonation of these questions is different from that of standard British English, which is thought to use a low‐rising intonation. This article challenges this belief and reports on a study that shows that American speakers of English do not distinguish between the high‐rising and low‐rising intona…

Next
  • Changing Contexts and Shifting Paradigms in Pronunciation Teaching

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2005•Cited by: 76•References: 14

    ■ Pronunciation is perhaps the linguistic feature most open to judgment.As a surface structure phenomenon that is most noticeable, one's accent easily evokes people's biases.For the same reason, pronunciation has been the most prescriptively taught aspect of language instruction.Pedagogies for accent reduction have bordered on the pathological.The articles in this special topic issue bring a much needed research focus on social and communicative …

  • Native and Nonnative Teachers of L2 Pronunciation: Effects on Learner Performance

    Open Access•John M Levis, Sinem Sonsaat et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2016•Cited by: 15•References: 58

    Both native and nonnative language teachers often find pronunciation a difficult skill to teach because of inadequate training or uncertainty about the effectiveness of instruction. But nonnative language teachers may also see themselves as inadequate models for pronunciation, leading to increased uncertainty about whether they should teach pronunciation (Golombek & Jordan, 2005). Although studies have regularly shown that instruction is effectiv…

  • Teaching intonation in discourse using speech visualization technology

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•System•2004•Cited by: 8•References: 2

  • Topics, Aims, and Constraints in English Teacher Research: A Chinese Case Study

    Open Access•Ali Shehadeh, John M Levis et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    AM - Accepted Manuscript

  • Research into practice: How research appears in pronunciation teaching materials

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Teaching•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 53

    Research into pronunciation has often disregarded its potential to inform pedagogy. This is due partly to the historical development of pronunciation teaching and research, but its effect is that there is often a mismatch between research and teaching. This paper looks at four areas in which the (mis)match is imperfect but in which a greater recognition of research can lead to better teaching materials (high variability phonetic training, intonat…

  • The Phonology of English as an International Language

    Judy B Gilbert, John M Levis•REVIEW•TESOL Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 2

  • The intonation and meaning of normal yes/no questions

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•World Englishes•1999•Cited by: 2•References: 1

    The typical intonation of yes/no questions in American English is usually thought to be high‐rising. Accounts of yes/no questions also assume that the intonation of these questions is different from that of standard British English, which is thought to use a low‐rising intonation. This article challenges this belief and reports on a study that shows that American speakers of English do not distinguish between the high‐rising and low‐rising intona…

  • Intonation in Theory and Practice, Revisited

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•1999•Cited by: 2

    Intonation as currently presented in North American textbooks bears a strong resemblance to textbook treatments from 30–50 years ago despite tremendous advances in both theoretical and applied research on intonational description and the role of intonation in communication. This article reviews current intonational research that is relevant to teaching and presents implications for pedagogy. It then argues that there are two primary reasons for a…

  • The impact of functional load and cumulative errors on listeners' judgments of comprehensibility and accentedness

    Open Access•Mutleb Alnafisah, Erik Goodale et al.•ARTICLE•System•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 7

  • Failing the Practicum: Narrowing the Gap Between Expectations and Reality With Reflective Practice

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2007•Cited by: 1•References: 4

  • The intonation and meaning of normal yes/no questions

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•World Englishes•1999•Cited by: 2•References: 1

    The typical intonation of yes/no questions in American English is usually thought to be high‐rising. Accounts of yes/no questions also assume that the intonation of these questions is different from that of standard British English, which is thought to use a low‐rising intonation. This article challenges this belief and reports on a study that shows that American speakers of English do not distinguish between the high‐rising and low‐rising intona…

  • Intonation in Theory and Practice, Revisited

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•1999•Cited by: 2

    Intonation as currently presented in North American textbooks bears a strong resemblance to textbook treatments from 30–50 years ago despite tremendous advances in both theoretical and applied research on intonational description and the role of intonation in communication. This article reviews current intonational research that is relevant to teaching and presents implications for pedagogy. It then argues that there are two primary reasons for a…

  • The Phonology of English as an International Language

    Judy B Gilbert, John M Levis•REVIEW•TESOL Quarterly•2001•Cited by: 2

  • Teaching intonation in discourse using speech visualization technology

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•System•2004•Cited by: 8•References: 2

  • Intonation and Discourse: Three Approaches

    John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2004

  • Changing Contexts and Shifting Paradigms in Pronunciation Teaching

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2005•Cited by: 76•References: 14

    ■ Pronunciation is perhaps the linguistic feature most open to judgment.As a surface structure phenomenon that is most noticeable, one's accent easily evokes people's biases.For the same reason, pronunciation has been the most prescriptively taught aspect of language instruction.Pedagogies for accent reduction have bordered on the pathological.The articles in this special topic issue bring a much needed research focus on social and communicative …

  • Phonological Awareness and Speech Comprehensibility: An Exploratory Study

    H S Venkatagiri, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Awareness•2007

    This study examined whether differences in phonological awareness were related to differences in speech comprehensibility. Seventeen adults who learned English as a foreign language (EFL) in academic settings completed 14 tests of phonological awareness that measured their explicit knowledge of English phonological structures, and three tests of phonological short term memory. The same participants also read aloud a passage and narrated picture s…

  • Failing the Practicum: Narrowing the Gap Between Expectations and Reality With Reflective Practice

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2007•Cited by: 1•References: 4

  • Topics, Aims, and Constraints in English Teacher Research: A Chinese Case Study

    Open Access•Ali Shehadeh, John M Levis et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2009•Cited by: 4•References: 14

    AM - Accepted Manuscript

  • Diagnosing the Support Needs of Second Language Writers: Does the Time Allowance Matter

    Open Access•Ali Shehadeh, John M Levis et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2009•References: 10

  • Automatic Speech Recognition

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Automatic speech recognition (ASR) is an independent, machine‐based process of decoding and transcribing oral speech. A typical ASR system receives acoustic input from a speaker through a microphone, analyzes it using some pattern, model, or algorithm, and produces an output, usually in the form of a text (Lai, Karat, & Yankelovich, 2008).

  • Suprasegmentals: Intonation

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Intonation refers to a combination of acoustic parameters, including duration, intensity, and pitch used to communicate discourse meaning.

  • Phonetics and Phonology: Overview

    Open Access•John M Levis, JOHN LEVIS et al.•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2012

    Although phonetics and phonology both concern the study of speech, linguists have traditionally considered these as different areas of study.

  • Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•American Speech•2013•References: 7

    Review Article| May 01 2013 Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech John M. Levis John M. Levis Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google American Speech (2013) 88 (2): 235–246. https://doi.org/10.1215/00031283-2346807 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Permissions Search Site Citation John M. Levis; Using Language Journals to Discover American Speech. American Speech 1 May 2013; 88 (2): 2…

  • Pronunciation for English as an international language: From research to practice

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•Asian Englishes•2015

  • Native speakers and native users: Loss and gain

    John M Levis•ARTICLE•Journal of Multilingual and…•2015

    In this collection of new and previously published work – focusing largely on English – Alan Davies explores what it means to be a native speaker, and how highly proficient non-native speakers (nat

  • Research into practice: How research appears in pronunciation teaching materials

    Open Access•John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Teaching•2016•Cited by: 2•References: 53

    Research into pronunciation has often disregarded its potential to inform pedagogy. This is due partly to the historical development of pronunciation teaching and research, but its effect is that there is often a mismatch between research and teaching. This paper looks at four areas in which the (mis)match is imperfect but in which a greater recognition of research can lead to better teaching materials (high variability phonetic training, intonat…

  • Native and Nonnative Teachers of L2 Pronunciation: Effects on Learner Performance

    Open Access•John M Levis, Sinem Sonsaat et al.•ARTICLE•TESOL Quarterly•2016•Cited by: 15•References: 58

    Both native and nonnative language teachers often find pronunciation a difficult skill to teach because of inadequate training or uncertainty about the effectiveness of instruction. But nonnative language teachers may also see themselves as inadequate models for pronunciation, leading to increased uncertainty about whether they should teach pronunciation (Golombek & Jordan, 2005). Although studies have regularly shown that instruction is effectiv…

  • Automatic Speech Recognition

    Open Access•John M Levis, Ruslan Suvorov•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2020

    Recent advances in technology and computing have made a profound impact on automatic speech recognition (ASR). With the advent of deep learning and a proliferation of digital devices, interactive ASR‐based systems such as Siri, Cortana, and Alexa have become an integral component of many people's daily lives. The application of ASR technology in applied linguistics has been demonstrated to provide unique affordances for the development of second …

  • Prosody in Second Language Teaching: Methodologies and effectiveness

    Dorothy M Chun, John M Levis et al.•CHAPTER•Oxford Handbook of Language Prosody•2020

    Teaching and learning second language (L2) prosody attracted attention from early theorists before becoming disconnected from linguistic theory. Now, theoretical and pedagogical attention are both seen as aspects of L2 teaching, especially in regard to how prosody affects how listeners understand the speech of L2 learners. This chapter discusses how prosody affects the comprehensibility and intelligibility of L2 speech. It suggests ways in which …

  • Vowel Quality and Direction of Stress Shift in a Predictive Model Explaining the Varying Impact of Misplaced Word Stress: Evidence From English

    Open Access•Monica Ghosh, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Communication•2021

    The use of suprasegmental cues to word stress occurs across many languages. Nevertheless, L1 English listeners' pay little attention to suprasegmental word stress cues and evidence shows that segmental cues are more important to L1 English listeners in how words are identified in speech. L1 English listeners assume strong syllables with full vowels mark the beginning of a new word, attempting alternative resegmentations only when this heuristic f…

  • The Southwestern Mandarin /n/-/l/ Merger: Effects on Production in Standard Mandarin and English

    Open Access•Wei Zhang, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Communication•2021

    Southwestern Mandarin is one of the most important modern Chinese dialects, with over 270 million speakers. One of its most noticeable phonological features is an inconsistent distinction between the pronunciation of (n) and (l), a feature shared with Cantonese. However, while /n/-/l/ in Cantonese has been studied extensively, especially in its effect upon English pronunciation, the /l/-/n/ distinction has not been widely studied for Southwestern…

  • The impact of functional load and cumulative errors on listeners' judgments of comprehensibility and accentedness

    Open Access•Mutleb Alnafisah, Erik Goodale et al.•ARTICLE•System•2022•Cited by: 1•References: 7

  • Automatic speech recognition and pronunciation learning

    Open Access•Shannon McCrocklin, John M Levis•ARTICLE•Language Teaching•2025•References: 12

  • English—Issues in Applied Phonology, Phonetics, and Pronunciation

    Open Access•John M Levis•CHAPTER•Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics•2026

    This entry describes key issues in English applied phonology, phonetics, and pronunciation. After a description of the role of English in the world, it describes the sounds and prosody of English, followed by an overview of common challenges in pronunciation for language learners, focusing on segmentals (i.e., consonants and vowels) and suprasegmentals (e.g., intonation, rhythm, and word‐ and sentence‐stress). Next, the most important issues in p…

Linguistics (18 works) · Psychology (16 works) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (15 works) · Computer Science (13 works) · Pronunciation (10 works) · Philosophy (9 works) · EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning (7 works) · Multilingual Education and Policy (6 works) · Speech recognition (6 works) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (5 works)

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