Erik Gilbert
Biographic Data
| ID | 233253 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Erik Gilbert |
| GIVEN NAMES | Erik |
| FAMILY NAME | Gilbert |
| SIGNATURE | GILBERT E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Toronto |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9402-1037 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 52 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 361 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 52 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1947 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 11 |
Policing Protest Through Financial Sanctions: Canada and the ‘Freedom Convoy
For 3 weeks in early 2022, the so‐called ‘Freedom’ Convoy took over the downtown of Canada's capital, fuelled by frustrations with the federal government over strict vaccine policies and frequent lockdowns. In response, the Prime Minister declared a national crisis and invoked the Emergencies Act. This article examines the financial sanctions used as part of these emergency measures to force an end to the Ottawa encampments. In the 1 week during …
Public support for empowering police during the Covid-19 crisis: Evidence from London
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, police services around the world were granted unprecedented new powers to enforce social distancing restrictions. In this paper, we present data from a rolling representative sample survey of Londoners (n = 3,201) fielded during the height of the first wave of the pandemic (April to June 2020). We examine the scale of public support for giving police additional powers to enforce the regulations, whether suppo…
Nicholas W. Stephenson Smith. Colonial Chaos in the Southern Red Sea: A History of Violence from 1830 to the Twentieth Century
Journal Article Nicholas W. Stephenson Smith. Colonial Chaos in the Southern Red Sea: A History of Violence from 1830 to the Twentieth Century. Get access Nicholas W. Stephenson Smith. Colonial Chaos in the Southern Red Sea: A History of Violence from 1830 to the Twentieth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. xxx, 223. Cloth $44.99. Erik Gilbert Erik Gilbert Arkansas State University, US Email: [email protected] Search for …
Race and racism in critical security studies
The geopolitics of militarism and humanitarianism
In this article, we trace the interconnections between humanitarianism and militarism. We highlight the significance of a geographical perspective in emphasizing the spatial and multiscalar dimensions of this changing relationship, particularly in Western states. In doing so, we reveal the violent geographies produced through militarized humanitarianism and demonstrate the ways political violence can be obscured through invocations of humanitaria…
Thomas F. McDow. Buying Time: Debt and Mobility in the Western Indian Ocean
Horizon Scan: Critical security studies for the next 50 years
What is changing?This: the contradictions and predations of patriarchal imperialist capitalism, and of the deeply racist and gendered material and symbolic order it produces, have enabled an accelerating, unrelenting, unfettered extractive stance toward the planet, its ecosystems and natural resources, and the plant and animal species and human beings that inhabit it.That stance has not only resulted in increasingly outrageous inequalities and co…
SKIPing Together: A Motor Competence Intervention Promotes Gender-Integrated Friendships for Young Children
Sanctuary Inter/rupted: Borders, illegalization, and unbelonging
Key Messages Sanctuary Inter/rupted, a group exhibit by Way Past Kennedy Road, explored issues of internal borders, illegalization, and unbelonging in Toronto. We focus on how artists in the Sanctuary Inter/rupted exhibit unsettled whitewashing logics of belonging and contested the limits of liberal sanctuary city movements. We expand the ways that racial justice is understood and practiced in sanctuary city movement organizing
Life in the Age of Drone Warfare
Elasticity at the Canada–US border: Jurisdiction, rights, accountability
Borders are being stretched as they are deterritorialized, reterritorialized and extra-territorialized. But borders are not only being relocated elsewhere: just as they are extended they are also snapped back into place in order to limit the rights of travellers and migrants, and to deny the accountability of border officials. This elasticity—expansion but also contraction—is the focus of this paper, with particular attention to the Canada–US bor…
Spaces at the intersections of militarism and humanitarianism
This special issue of Critical Military Studies addresses the ways that militaries engage with humanitarianism as well as the militarization of humanitarianism. The contributions each bring differe
Eastern Africa and the dhow trade
Victim compensation for acts of terrorism and the limits of the state
Little academic attention has been directed towards the victims of terrorism. This article begins to do so by interrogating how victims get compensated, and for how much, in North America and Western Europe. This article examines compensation from three vantage points. First, attention is directed to the variety of state programmes that have been mobilised over the last several decades to build individual and state resilience. I will suggest, how…
Interventions on the state of sovereignty at the border
Militaries, finance, and (in)security
This essay points to some of the ways that militaries are focused on money and economics, and addresses what this means for understanding the entanglements of security and finance. We cannot think about security in the contemporary moment without also thinking about militaries and war, and it is only by addressing how military power engages money and finance that can we better understand how insecurity is enacted
Rice, Civilisation and the Swahili Towns: Anti-Commodity and Anti-State
In the 1830s, coastal East Africa was drawn into an emerging global market for agricultural commodities. Long-distance trade was nothing new to the region, but prior to the 19th century the region's main exports had been, at various times, ivory, rhino horn, turtle shell, slaves, rock crystal, gums, resins and gold. In the early 19th century the Omani Arabs who ruled Zanzibar and much of the coast began to create a plantation complex that used sl…
The gift of war: Cash, counterinsurgency, and ‘collateral damage’
As part of the counterinsurgency initiatives in Afghanistan and Iraq, military forces have been making payments to civilians in cases of ‘inadvertent’ injury, death and/or damage to property. There are no legal norms governing civilian compensation in war. Rather, military payments are seen as a way to help ‘win’ the hearts and minds of the population. This article examines this turn to military payments, with a focus on US practices and the impl…
Money as a "weapons system" and the entrepreneurial way of war
In US counterinsurgency doctrine, money has been characterized as "ammunition" and as a "weapons system". Money is being wielded to win over the "hearts and minds" of the population, and to protect the lives of the occupying forces. Soldiers are taking on greater responsibility for spending money on reconstruction and development projects on the battlefield. Billions of dollars have been spent by the military in Iraq and Afghanistan on a wide ran…
War, law, jurisdiction, and juridical othering: Private military security contractors and the Nisour Square massacre
In September 2007 private contractors working for Blackwater, a private military contracting firm based in the US, killed seventeen people in Nisour Square in Iraq and severely injured more than twenty others. For over seven years the contractors evaded legal liability. This paper examines the way that legal jurisdiction played out in this evasion of accountability. We first examine the role of Order 17 in mandating that private contractors in Ir…
Globalization and Money: A Global South Perspective
Between Tragedy and Farce: 9/11 Compensation and the Value of Life and Death
This paper examines how lives have been valued (or not) in the US federal compensation programs set up in the wake of 9/11. The Victim Compensation Fund (VCF), implemented within days of the attacks, provided unlimited funds to the victims. In contrast, many first responders who developed illnesses later have had access to limited support. Only in 2011 was the Zadroga Act signed into place, which extends compensation to these workers and others. …
Reading Marieke de Goede's Speculative Security
Follow the Thing: Credit. Response to “Follow the Thing: Money”
Dhow Cultures and the Indian Ocean: Cosmopolitanism, Commerce, and Islam
Common cents: Situating Money in Time and Place
This paper engages with a wide range of social theories to argue for a more nuanced understanding of money that is attuned to its spatial and scalar dimensions. The paper begins with a brief overview of modernist and postmodernist accounts, including the works of Karl Marx, Georg Simmel, Max Weber, Jean Baudrillard, Marc Shell and Jean-Joseph Goux. These theories have provided a useful corrective to neoclassical economic accounts that distil the …
Interventions on the state of sovereignty at the border
Ornamenting the Facade of Hell: Iconographies of 19th-Century Canadian Paper Money
In this paper I explore the iconographies on 19th-century Canadian paper money. Drawing upon the recent debates regarding the intersection of culture, society, and economy, it is argued that the form of paper money conveys not only economic but social and cultural values. The paper is divided into three parts. The first section situates Canadian paper currency in terms of the consolidation of paper monies more generally in the 18th and 19th centu…
Pastimes and Politics: Culture, Community, and Identity in Post-Abolition Urban Zanzibar, 1890-1945
Money as a "weapons system" and the entrepreneurial way of war
In US counterinsurgency doctrine, money has been characterized as "ammunition" and as a "weapons system". Money is being wielded to win over the "hearts and minds" of the population, and to protect the lives of the occupying forces. Soldiers are taking on greater responsibility for spending money on reconstruction and development projects on the battlefield. Billions of dollars have been spent by the military in Iraq and Afghanistan on a wide ran…
Leaky Borders and Solid Citizens: Governing Security, Prosperity and Quality of Life in a North American Partnership
The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America (SPP), signed by Canada, Mexico and the United States in March 2005, proposes a dramatic reshaping of the continent. This is no simple plan for the intensification of economic and security cooperation. The SPP is much more expansive and includes quality of life issues such as education, science and technology, the environment, and health. But what does it mean that there is an emergent conc…
Interventions in banal neoimperialism
The Inevitability of Integration? Neoliberal Discourse and the Proposals for a New North American Economic Space after September 11
The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 had an immediate impact on Canada–U.S. relations. Whereas security became foremost among U.S. concerns, Canada became preoccupied with ensuring that the newly fortified border would not impede trade. Within days of the attacks, Canadian analysts argued that the only way to guarantee open access to U.S. markets would be to negotiate some form of deeper North American economic integration. Previous proposa…
The gift of war: Cash, counterinsurgency, and ‘collateral damage’
As part of the counterinsurgency initiatives in Afghanistan and Iraq, military forces have been making payments to civilians in cases of ‘inadvertent’ injury, death and/or damage to property. There are no legal norms governing civilian compensation in war. Rather, military payments are seen as a way to help ‘win’ the hearts and minds of the population. This article examines this turn to military payments, with a focus on US practices and the impl…
The Year of the Euro: The Cultural, Social, and Political Import of Europe's Common Currency
The geopolitics of militarism and humanitarianism
In this article, we trace the interconnections between humanitarianism and militarism. We highlight the significance of a geographical perspective in emphasizing the spatial and multiscalar dimensions of this changing relationship, particularly in Western states. In doing so, we reveal the violent geographies produced through militarized humanitarianism and demonstrate the ways political violence can be obscured through invocations of humanitaria…
Between Tragedy and Farce: 9/11 Compensation and the Value of Life and Death
This paper examines how lives have been valued (or not) in the US federal compensation programs set up in the wake of 9/11. The Victim Compensation Fund (VCF), implemented within days of the attacks, provided unlimited funds to the victims. In contrast, many first responders who developed illnesses later have had access to limited support. Only in 2011 was the Zadroga Act signed into place, which extends compensation to these workers and others. …
War, law, jurisdiction, and juridical othering: Private military security contractors and the Nisour Square massacre
In September 2007 private contractors working for Blackwater, a private military contracting firm based in the US, killed seventeen people in Nisour Square in Iraq and severely injured more than twenty others. For over seven years the contractors evaded legal liability. This paper examines the way that legal jurisdiction played out in this evasion of accountability. We first examine the role of Order 17 in mandating that private contractors in Ir…
Elasticity at the Canada–US border: Jurisdiction, rights, accountability
Borders are being stretched as they are deterritorialized, reterritorialized and extra-territorialized. But borders are not only being relocated elsewhere: just as they are extended they are also snapped back into place in order to limit the rights of travellers and migrants, and to deny the accountability of border officials. This elasticity—expansion but also contraction—is the focus of this paper, with particular attention to the Canada–US bor…
Spaces at the intersections of militarism and humanitarianism
This special issue of Critical Military Studies addresses the ways that militaries engage with humanitarianism as well as the militarization of humanitarianism. The contributions each bring differe
Horizon Scan: Critical security studies for the next 50 years
What is changing?This: the contradictions and predations of patriarchal imperialist capitalism, and of the deeply racist and gendered material and symbolic order it produces, have enabled an accelerating, unrelenting, unfettered extractive stance toward the planet, its ecosystems and natural resources, and the plant and animal species and human beings that inhabit it.That stance has not only resulted in increasingly outrageous inequalities and co…
Dhow Cultures and the Indian Ocean: Cosmopolitanism, Commerce, and Islam
Follow the Thing: Credit. Response to “Follow the Thing: Money”
Money, citizenship, territoriality and the proposals for North American Monetary Union
The History and Conservation of Zanzibar Stone Town
Zanzibar Stone Town presents the problems of conservation in its most acute forms. Should it be fossilised for the tourists? Or should it grow for the benefit of the inhabitants? Can ways be found to accommodate conflicting social and economic pressures? For its size Zanzibar, like Venice, occupies a remarkably large romantic space in world imagination. Swahili civilisation on these spice islands goes back to the earliest centuries of the Islamic…
Militaries, finance, and (in)security
This essay points to some of the ways that militaries are focused on money and economics, and addresses what this means for understanding the entanglements of security and finance. We cannot think about security in the contemporary moment without also thinking about militaries and war, and it is only by addressing how military power engages money and finance that can we better understand how insecurity is enacted
The dhow as cultural icon: Heritage and regional identity in the western Indian Ocean
Dhows, the traditional sailing ships of the western Indian Ocean, are currently used in museums, heritage sites and popular culture as a symbol of a regional culture in the western Indian Ocean. While scholars have embraced the notion of seas as cultural or historical units, this type of 'basin thinking' is a recent phenomenon in the Indian Ocean. Over the last 150 years the dhow has gone from being a despised symbol of the slave trade and econom…
Race and racism in critical security studies
Naturalist metaphors in the literatures of Chicago, 1893-1925
The: Regional trade and the late survival of sewn ships in East African waters
The Industrialization of Oxford
Naturalist metaphors in the literatures of Chicago, 1893-1925
Battles from below: A literature of oppression
Dynamics of Regional Politics: Four Systems on the Indian Ocean Rim
Places and Spaces of Dislocation: Lady Oracle's Toronto
In this paper we explore some of the issues relating to place, identity, and ideology in Margaret Atwood's third novel, Lady Oracle, first published in 1976. Simply, Lady Oracle relates the story of the writer Joan Foster as she struggles to come to terms with her multiple identities. In so doing, the novel depicts some of the many social and spatial changes taking place in Toronto from the 1940s to the 1970s. Herein we focus on the representatio…
The History and Conservation of Zanzibar Stone Town
Zanzibar Stone Town presents the problems of conservation in its most acute forms. Should it be fossilised for the tourists? Or should it grow for the benefit of the inhabitants? Can ways be found to accommodate conflicting social and economic pressures? For its size Zanzibar, like Venice, occupies a remarkably large romantic space in world imagination. Swahili civilisation on these spice islands goes back to the earliest centuries of the Islamic…
The Mtepe: Regional trade and the late survival of sewn ships in East African waters
The: Regional trade and the late survival of sewn ships in East African waters
Ornamenting the Facade of Hell: Iconographies of 19th-Century Canadian Paper Money
In this paper I explore the iconographies on 19th-century Canadian paper money. Drawing upon the recent debates regarding the intersection of culture, society, and economy, it is argued that the form of paper money conveys not only economic but social and cultural values. The paper is divided into three parts. The first section situates Canadian paper currency in terms of the consolidation of paper monies more generally in the 18th and 19th centu…
Hadhrami Traders, Scholars and Statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750-1960s
Sailing from Lamu and Back: Labor Migration and Regional Trade in Colonial East Africa
Research Article| August 01 1999 Sailing from Lamu and Back: Labor Migration and Regional Trade in Colonial East Africa Erik Gilbert Erik Gilbert Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East (1999) 19 (2): 9–15. https://doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-19-2-9 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Erik Gilbert; Sailing from Lamu and Back: Labor M…
The Politics of Slave Trade Suppression in Britain and France, 1814-48: Diplomacy, Morality, and Economics
List of Tables Acknowledgements Notes List of Abbreviations Introduction 1814-1815 1815-1818 1818-1822 1822-1827 1827-1833 1833-1840 1840-1848 Conclusion Endnotes Bibliography Index
Pastimes and Politics: Culture, Community, and Identity in Post-Abolition Urban Zanzibar, 1890-1945
The impact of homeland independence on the Latvian community in Great Britain
The article examines the effects of homeland independence on the Latvian DP community in Great Britain. Although the most tangible effects of independence have been the new opportunities to re-establish physical links with the homeland — to visit, and for a tiny minority to return to live, there have also been significant consequences for the organised community and on conceptions of home and belonging. This paper suggests that for an overwhelmin…
The Arabian Seas: The Indian Ocean World of the Seventeenth Century
1. Introduction 2. Ports and Hinterlands 3. European natios in the Arabian Sea 4. Diplomacy and the State 5. The Merchants' World 6. The Tide of Trade: Man and Merchandise 7. Estado da India 8. The Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie 9. The Affairs of the English 10. Private Deals 11. Afterthoughts Appendix One Appendix Two Appendix Three Index
Verandahs of Power: Colonialism and Space in Urban Africa
A Companion to Cultural Geography
The Inevitability of Integration? Neoliberal Discourse and the Proposals for a New North American Economic Space after September 11
The terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001 had an immediate impact on Canada–U.S. relations. Whereas security became foremost among U.S. concerns, Canada became preoccupied with ensuring that the newly fortified border would not impede trade. Within days of the attacks, Canadian analysts argued that the only way to guarantee open access to U.S. markets would be to negotiate some form of deeper North American economic integration. Previous proposa…
Common cents: Situating Money in Time and Place
This paper engages with a wide range of social theories to argue for a more nuanced understanding of money that is attuned to its spatial and scalar dimensions. The paper begins with a brief overview of modernist and postmodernist accounts, including the works of Karl Marx, Georg Simmel, Max Weber, Jean Baudrillard, Marc Shell and Jean-Joseph Goux. These theories have provided a useful corrective to neoclassical economic accounts that distil the …
Leaky Borders and Solid Citizens: Governing Security, Prosperity and Quality of Life in a North American Partnership
The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America (SPP), signed by Canada, Mexico and the United States in March 2005, proposes a dramatic reshaping of the continent. This is no simple plan for the intensification of economic and security cooperation. The SPP is much more expansive and includes quality of life issues such as education, science and technology, the environment, and health. But what does it mean that there is an emergent conc…
The Year of the Euro: The Cultural, Social, and Political Import of Europe's Common Currency
Money, citizenship, territoriality and the proposals for North American Monetary Union
Beyond Survival? Wilderness and Canadian National Identity into the Twenty-First Century
Are wilderness and industry reconcilable? This article examines recent examples of Canadian art and literature which draw upon the canonical theme of wilderness, but which encourage a re-examination of the impact of human presence on the land rather than idealising those spaces where humans are not. Recent works by Margaret Atwood, Thaddeus Holownia and Edward Burtynsky encourage a much more complex understanding of land and identity that reconfi…
Interventions in banal neoimperialism
In the Space of Theory
Political science (33 works) · Law (27 works) · Sociology (26 works) · Law (22 works) · History (21 works) · Politics (21 works) · History (15 works) · Economics (14 works) · Geography (12 works) · Global Maritime and Colonial Histories (12 works)