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Renée Hayes

Dados Biográficos

ID234551
NOMERenée Hayes
PRENOMESRenée
SOBRENOMEHayes
ASSINATURAHAYES R
AFILIAÇÕESLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
ORCID0000-0002-1729-9892
VERIFICADOSim
TOTAL DE OBRAS60
TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES52
TOTAL COMO AUTOR60
TOTAL COMO EDITOR0
PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO1986
ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO2026
ÍNDICE H4
  • Migration and its impact on universal HIV testing and treatment in the HPTN 071 (PopART) study communities

    Open Access•David Macleod, Sian Floyd et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2026

    Migrants have been identified as a population left behind by the AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) response, with evidence showing poorer HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) outcomes and reduced intervention effectiveness in mobile populations. We used data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01900977) to investigate migration and HIV-related indicators, assessing whether community migration influenced PopART t…

  • Does enhanced HIV prevention, diagnosis, and linkage to care reduce hospitalisation in high HIV-burden communities in Zambia and South Africa? findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) randomised trial

    Open Access•Ronelle Burger, Nomtha Bell‐Mandla et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2025

    The objective of this study is to explore if a community-based HIV combination prevention intervention reduced inpatient hospitalisations in Zambia and South Africa by diagnosing HIV and TB in earlier stages of disease progression, thereby preventing severe disease and new infections. As part of the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 071 trial, hospitalisation data from a cohort of 16 968 consenting randomly sampled adults aged 18–44 years were…

  • Clinical outcomes of participants of a TB prevalence survey with an abnormal chest X-ray but no evidence of TB disease after a median follow-up of 9 months in Zambia and South Africa

    Open Access•María Rupérez, Jacob Busang et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2025

    WHO recommends computer-aided detection (CAD) in chest X-ray (CXR) for systematic screening of TB. Increased detection of individuals with high CAD score but without bacteriologically confirmed TB can be expected, requiring guidance on their clinical management. We followed participants of a TB prevalence survey (TBPS) in Zambia and South Africa with a high CAD score but no bacteriologically confirmed TB over a median time of 9 months and assesse…

  • Self-reported uptake of STI testing services among adolescents and young people aged 15–24 years

    Open Access•B Hensen, Mwelwa Phiri et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2024

    There is little evidence regarding community-based delivery of STI testing and treatment for youth aged 15–24 (AYP) in Zambia. In a cluster-randomised trial, we evaluated whether offering syndromic STI screening through community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services (Yathu Yathu) with referral to a local health facility for testing, increased self-reported testing for STIs (other than HIV) among AYP. Two communities in Lusaka w…

  • Comparing patterns of recent and remote Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection determined using the QuantiFeron-TB Gold Plus assay in a high TB burden setting

    Open Access•Modupe Amofa-Sekyi, Ab Schaap et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2024

    One quarter of the world’s population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Identifying recent TB infection (TBI) offers an avenue to targeted TB preventative therapy provision, and prevention to disease progression. However, detecting recent TBI remains challenging. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus assay (QFT-Plus) claims to have improved sensitivity in detecting recent TBI, by the addition of the TB2 antigen tube to the TB1 t…

  • Differentiated care for youth in Zimbabwe

    Open Access•Chido Dziva Chikwari, Katharina Kranzer et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2024

    Youth living with HIV are at higher risk than adults of disengaging from HIV care. Differentiated models of care such as community delivery of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may improve treatment outcomes. We investigated outcomes across the HIV cascade among youth accessing HIV services in a community-based setting. This study was nested in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (CHIEDZA: Clinicaltrials.gov, Registration Number: NCT03719521) conduc…

  • Epidemiology of alcohol use and alcohol use disorders among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Northwest Tanzania

    Open Access•Philip Ayieko, Edmund Kisanga et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2024

    Alcohol use disorders (AUD) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) are associated with poor health outcomes. This cross-sectional study examined current alcohol use and AUD among 300 PLHIV on ART at four HIV care centres in Northwest Tanzania. Participants' data were collected using questionnaires. Alcohol use was assessed using Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between each outc…

  • The local dynamics of sociostructural features and HIV stigma in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial

    Open Access•Virginia Bond, Lario Viljoen et al.•ARTICLE•Stigma and Health•2024

    Across sub-Saharan Africa, stigma levels have been decreasing but not enough to achieve the 95–95–95 HIV targets by 2030. Current global HIV frameworks have identified stigma reduction, context specific interventions, and community mobilization as critical to enabling more effective uptake of HIV services. We conducted a retrospective analysis of longitudinal qualitative and quantitative data collected in 21 urban communities in Zambia and South …

  • The impact of an innovative community-based peer-led intervention on uptake and coverage of sexual and reproductive health services among adolescents and young people 15–24 years old

    Open Access•Mwelwa Phiri, Mwelwa Muleba Phiri et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2024

    ISRCTN75609016 (11/10/2021), clinicaltrials.gov number NCT04060420 (19/08/2019); retrospectively registered

  • Addressing sociodemographic disparities in Covid-19 vaccine uptake among youth in Zimbabwe

    Open Access•Leyla Sophie Larsson, Chido Dziva Chikwari et al.•ARTICLE•BMJ Global Health•2023

    INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance research has mostly originated from high-income countries and reasons why youth may not get vaccinated may differ in low-income settings. Understanding vaccination coverage across different population groups and the sociocultural influences in healthcare delivery is important to inform targeted vaccination campaigns. METHODS: A population-based survey was conducted in 24 communities across three provinces…

  • Factors associated with use of community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services by adolescent boys and young men aged 18–24 in Lusaka, Zambia

    Open Access•Mwelwa Phiri, B Hensen et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2023

    Introduction Adolescents and young people (AYP) aged 15–24 years have the least access to facility-based sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, including HIV services. The Yathu-Yathu cluster-randomized trial (CRT) in Zambia tested whether a novel peer-led community-based approach increased knowledge of HIV status amongst AYP. In this nested case-control study, we aimed to identify factors associated with non-attendance to the Yathu Yathu…

  • Testing when I know my status

    Open Access•Hanlie Myburgh, Graeme Hoddinott et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Qualitative Research in…•2023

    Landmark studies demonstrating a reduction in onward HIV transmission and improved survival have informed a shift in global antiretroviral therapy policy to a ‘treat all’ approach. Global HIV stakeholders have called on countries to urgently scale up their HIV programs, involving responsibilities for various health system actors for accelerating HIV epidemic control. In this article we explore how community members in South Africa who were part o…

  • The impact of a combined TB/HIV intervention on the incidence of TB infection among adolescents and young adults in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial communities in Zambia and South Africa

    Open Access•Kwame Shanaube, Ab Schaap et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2023

    Background HPTN071 (PopART) was a cluster randomized trial conducted in Zambian and South African (SA) communities, between 2013–2018. The PopART intervention (universal HIV-testing and treatment (UTT) combined with population-level TB symptom screening) was implemented in 14 communities. The TREATS study (2017–2021) was conducted to evaluate the impact of the PopART intervention on TB outcomes. We report on the impact of the combined TB/HIV inte…

  • Population-level viremia predicts HIV incidence at the community level across the Universal Testing and Treatment Trials in eastern and southern Africa

    Open Access•Joseph Larmarange, Pamela Bachanas et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2023

    Universal HIV testing and treatment (UTT) strategies aim to optimize population-level benefits of antiretroviral treatment. Between 2012 and 2018, four large community randomized trials were conducted in eastern and southern Africa. While their results were broadly consistent showing decreased population-level viremia reduces HIV incidence, it remains unclear how much HIV incidence can be reduced by increasing suppression among people living with…

  • Prevalence and risk factors of M tuberculosis infection in young people across 14 communities in Zambia and South Africa

    Open Access•Modupe Amofa-Sekyi, Ab Schaap et al.•ARTICLE•PLOS Global Public Health•2023

    Background From 2018–2021 the TB Reduction through Expanded Antiretroviral Treatment and TB Screening (TREATS) project took place in 21 Zambian and South African communities. The TREATS Incidence of TB Infection Cohort Study was conducted in adolescents and young people (AYP), aged 15–24 years in 14 communities. We describe the baseline prevalence and risk factors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M . tuberculosis) infection among this cohort and e…

  • The effect of universal testing and treatment for HIV on health-related quality of life – An analysis of data from the HPTN 071 (PopART) cluster randomised trial

    Open Access•Katherine Davis, Michael Pickles et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Population Health•2023

    The intervention did not change overall HRQoL, suggesting that raising HRQoL among PLHIV might require more than improved testing and treatment. However, PLHIV had fewer problems with pain/discomfort under the full intervention; this benefit of UTT should be maximised during roll-out

  • Access to menstrual hygiene products through incentivised, community-based, peer-led sexual and reproductive health services before and during the Covid-19 pandemic

    Open Access•B Hensen, Hensen B et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2022

    Availability of MHP through Yathu Yathu provided a large number of AGYW with access to these products. Hubs seemed particularly important for adolescent girls. Community-based, peer-led hubs should be considered as spaces to provide AGYW access to affordable and effective MHP

  • Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and Associated Factors in HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Communities in Zambia and South Africa—A Comparison by HIV Status

    Open Access•Kalpana Sabapathy, Heidi Stöckl et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS and Behavior•2022

    The HPTN 071(PopART) study was a community-randomised trial in Zambia and South Africa, examining the impact of combination-prevention including universal testing and treatment (UTT), on HIV-incidence. This sub-study evaluated factors associated with IPV (physical and/or sexual) to identify differences by HIV status. During 2015-16, a random subset of adults who participated in the first year of the PopART intervention were recruited and standard…

  • Motivating people living with HIV to initiate antiretroviral treatment outside national guidelines in three clinics in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial, South Africa

    Constance Mubekapi‐musadaidzwa, Dillon T Wademan et al.•ARTICLE•African Journal of AIDS Research•2021

    Background : The HPTN 071 (PopART) trial implemented universal test and treat (UTT) in three clinics in the Western Cape, South Africa at a time when antiretroviral treatment (ART) was only offered by CD4 threshold and World Health Organization clinical staging. This required a concomitant shift in the way health workers communicated ART initiation messages. We provide insight into front-line ART initiation communication pre-national policy shift…

  • Uptake of HIV Testing Services Through Novel Community-Based Sexual and Reproductive Health Services

    Open Access•B Hensen, Mwelwa Phiri et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS and Behavior•2021

  • Acceptability and Preferences of Two Different Community Models of ART Delivery in a High Prevalence Urban Setting in Zambia

    Open Access•Mohammed Limbada, Chiti Bwalya et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS and Behavior•2021

    Community delivery of Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a novel innovation to increase sustainable ART coverage for People living with HIV (PLHIV) in resource limited settings. Within a nested cluster-randomised sub-study in two urban communities that participated in the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia we investigated individual acceptability and preferences for ART delivery models. Stable PLHIV were enrolled in a cluster-randomized trial of thre…

  • Community-based health workers implementing universal access to HIV testing and treatment

    Open Access•Lario Viljoen, Tila Mainga et al.•ARTICLE•Health Policy and Planning•2021

    The global expansion of HIV testing, prevention and treatment services is necessary to achieve HIV epidemic control and promote individual and population health benefits for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa. Community-based health workers (CHWs) could play a key role in supporting implementation at scale. In the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Zambia and South Africa, a cadre of 737 study-specific CHWs, working closely with governm…

  • Universal HIV testing and treatment and HIV stigma reduction

    Open Access•Lario Viljoen, Virginia Bond et al.•ARTICLE•Sociology of Health & Illness•2021•Referências: 16

    Despite continued development of effective HIV treatment, expanded access to care and advances in prevention modalities, HIV-related stigma persists. We examine how, in the context of a universal HIV-testing and treatment trial in South Africa and Zambia, increased availability of HIV services influenced conceptualisations of HIV. Using qualitative data, we explore people's stigma-related experiences of living in 'intervention' and 'control' stud…

  • The UAE healthy future study

    Open Access•Abdishakur Abdulle, Abdullah Alnaeemi et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2018

    The pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of recruitment and completion of the study protocols for the first large-scale cohort study designed to identify emerging risk factors for the major non-communicable diseases in the region

  • Understanding the Time Needed to Link to Care and Start ART in Seven HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Communities in Zambia and South Africa

    Open Access•The HPTN study team, Janet Seeley et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS and Behavior•2018

    To achieve UNAIDS 90:90:90 targets at population-level, knowledge of HIV status must be followed by timely linkage to care, initiation and maintenance of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people living with HIV (PLHIV). Interpreting quantitative patterns using qualitative data, we investigate time taken to link to care and initiate ART amongst individuals aware of their HIV-status in high HIV-prevalence urban communities in the HPTN 071 (PopAR…

Próximo
  • Alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public health interventions

    Chris Bonell, C P Bonell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011•Citada por: 12•Referências: 36

    BACKGROUND: There has been a recent increase in interest in alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public health interventions. We aim to describe specific scenarios in which randomised trials may not be possible and describe, exemplify and assess alternative strategies. METHODS: Non-systematic exploratory review. RESULTS: In many scenarios barriers are surmountable so that randomised trials (including stepped-wedge and crossover tria…

  • Measures of exposure to the Well London Phase-1 intervention and their association with health well-being and social outcomes

    Open Access•Gemma Phillips, Christian Bottomley et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2014•Citada por: 7•Referências: 16

    In this paper, we describe the measures of intervention exposure used in the cluster randomised trial of the Well London programme, a public health intervention using community engagement and community-based projects to increase physical activity, healthy eating and mental health and well-being in 20 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London.10 No earmarked resources to support the development of these measures and associated data collection …

  • Farming with Your Hoe in a Sack

    Open Access•Mary L Plummer, Daniel Wight et al.•ARTICLE•Studies in Family Planning•2006•Citada por: 6•Referências: 46

    This study examines condom knowledge, attitudes, access, and practices in rural Mwanza, Tanzania. From 1999–2002, six researchers carried out participant observation in nine villages for a total of 158 person‐weeks. Many villagers perceived condoms negatively for multiple reasons, for example, the method's association with infection or promiscuity, reduced male sexual pleasure, and cultural understandings of meaningful sex. Men controlled the ter…

  • Well London Phase-1

    Open Access•Gemma Phillips, Christian Bottomley et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2014•Citada por: 5•Referências: 27

    BACKGROUND: We report the main results, among adults, of a cluster-randomised-trial of Well London, a community-engagement programme promoting healthy eating, physical activity and mental well-being in deprived neighbourhoods. The hypothesis was that benefits would be neighbourhood-wide, and not restricted to intervention participants. The trial was part of a multicomponent process/outcome evaluation which included non-experimental components (se…

  • HIV-related stigma and universal testing and treatment for HIV prevention and care

    Open Access•Julian Hargreaves, James R Hargreaves et al.•ARTICLE•Health Policy and Planning•2016•Citada por: 4•Referências: 45

    Background : Stigma and discrimination related to HIV and key populations at high risk of HIV have the potential to impede the implementation of effective HIV prevention and treatment programmes at scale. Studies measuring the impact of stigma on these programmes are rare. We are conducting an implementation science study of HIV-related stigma in communities and health settings within a large, pragmatic cluster-randomized trial of a universal tes…

  • Designing for Dialogue in Place of Teacher Talk and Student Silence

    Open Access•Renée Hayes, E Matusov•ARTICLE•Culture & Psychology•2005•Citada por: 4•Referências: 11

    Research in classrooms reveals that the institution of school is not an empty slate, but rather is characterized by peculiar patterns of interaction which tend to be short exchanges directed by the teacher. Language teachers who wish children to learn language by participating in extended meaningful conversation, then, must consciously resist institutionally defined 'teacher talk'. In this paper we examine a case of extended conversation in a dua…

  • Patterns of sexual behaviour in a rural population in north-western Tanzania

    Open Access•Katua Munguti, Heiner Grosskurth et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•1997•Citada por: 4•Referências: 20

  • Alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public-health interventions

    Simon Cousen, S Cousens et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011•Citada por: 3•Referências: 34

    BACKGROUND: In non-randomised evaluations of public-health interventions, statistical methods to control confounding will usually be required. We review approaches to the control of confounding and discuss issues in drawing causal inference from these studies. METHODS: Non-systematic review of literature and mathematical data-simulation. RESULTS: Standard stratification and regression techniques will often be appropriate, but propensity scores ma…

  • The Validity of Verbal Autopsies for Assessing the Causes of Institutional Maternal Death

    Daniel Chandramohan, Laura Cunha Rodrigues et al.•ARTICLE•Studies in Family Planning•1998•Citada por: 3

    This report presents data from a study carried out in three African countries to assess the validity of verbal autopsies--based on information about symptoms and signs observed antemortem by relatives or associates of deceased individuals--for determining the causes of institutional maternal death. The validity of the verbal autopsy was assessed for each cause of death; and for groups of "direct" and "indirect" maternal causes, by comparing the v…

  • Understanding motives for intravaginal practices amongst Tanzanian and Ugandan women at high risk of HIV infection

    Open Access•Shelley Susan Lee, Flavia Zalwango et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2014•Citada por: 2•Referências: 37

    Some types of intravaginal practices (IVP) may increase the risk for HIV acquisition. This is particularly worrisome for populations with dual high prevalence of HIV and IVP. Women involved in transactional sex are at increased risk for HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Social, cultural and economic influences are strong drivers of IVP in this population. To explore this, we carried out a qualitative research study to investigate the drivers a…

  • OP35 Sexual Risk Behaviour Among Young People in Rural Tanzania

    Aoife M Doyle, John Changalucha et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2013•Citada por: 1

    Background Being in full-time education is associated with lower risk of HIV and other STIs. We describe sexual partnership histories reported by youth in rural Tanzania, and investigate the association between current attendance at post-primary education, and sexual behaviour and antibody responses to Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) infection. Methods In 2007/8, sexual partnership histories were collected through a face-to-face questionnaire…

  • Negotiating the Non-Negotiable

    Stacey Kaminski, Steven Beres et al.•ARTICLE•International Negotiation•2003•Citada por: 1

    Terrorism has taken on a new form in which loss of life is par for the course and where terrorist demands are often impossible to meet. To combat these new absolutist terrorists, the US government has developed innovative approaches to defend national security, including negotiating with state sponsors of terrorism with the threat of force for noncompliance, isolating the violent actors by offering financial rewards for assistance in combating te…

  • Socio‐economic factors associated with child growth in two seasons in an Urban Gambian Community

    Andrew Tomkins, A M Tomkins et al.•ARTICLE•Ecology of Food and Nutrition•1986

    The relationships between nutritional status and 24 social and economic factors were investigated during the dry season and at the end of the rainy season in about 300 children aged 6 to 35 months living in the urban community of Bakau in The Gambia. Height‐for‐age was associated with the style of house and various other factors related to living conditions, the presence of the father in the compound and the parity of the mother. The associations…

  • The quality of care is related to death rates

    Gordon J Walker, Deanna Ashley et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•1988•Referências: 11

    The quality of care of random samples of about 40 infants admitted with acute gastroenteritis to each of five hospitals in Jamaica was assessed. Low levels of adherence to consensus care criteria appeared to be correlated with high levels of hospital-specific severity standardized mortality ratios X100 (SSMRs); poor adherence, SSMR 127-230; intermediate adherence, SSMR 95; good adherence, SSMR 14. The main deficiencies in care at certain hospital…

  • Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania

    Open Access•Heiner Grosskurth, J Todd et al.•ARTICLE•The Lancet•1995

  • Patterns of sexual behaviour in a rural population in north-western Tanzania

    Open Access•Katua Munguti, Heiner Grosskurth et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•1997•Citada por: 4•Referências: 20

  • The Validity of Verbal Autopsies for Assessing the Causes of Institutional Maternal Death

    Daniel Chandramohan, Laura Cunha Rodrigues et al.•ARTICLE•Studies in Family Planning•1998•Citada por: 3

    This report presents data from a study carried out in three African countries to assess the validity of verbal autopsies--based on information about symptoms and signs observed antemortem by relatives or associates of deceased individuals--for determining the causes of institutional maternal death. The validity of the verbal autopsy was assessed for each cause of death; and for groups of "direct" and "indirect" maternal causes, by comparing the v…

  • Simple sample size calculation for cluster-randomized trials

    Renée Hayes, R J Hayes et al.•ARTICLE•International Journal of…•1999

    BACKGROUND: Cluster-randomized trials, in which health interventions are allocated randomly to intact clusters or communities rather than to individual subjects, are increasingly being used to evaluate disease control strategies both in industrialized and in developing countries. Sample size computations for such trials need to take into account between-cluster variation, but field epidemiologists find it difficult to obtain simple guidance on su…

  • Schools for Growth

    Open Access•E Matusov, Patricia Lowery et al.•ARTICLE•Anthropology & Education Quarterly•1999

    Schools for Growth: Radical Alternatives to Current Educational Models. Lois Holzman. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1997. xi + 152 pp

  • Negotiating the Non-Negotiable

    Stacey Kaminski, Steven Beres et al.•ARTICLE•International Negotiation•2003•Citada por: 1

    Terrorism has taken on a new form in which loss of life is par for the course and where terrorist demands are often impossible to meet. To combat these new absolutist terrorists, the US government has developed innovative approaches to defend national security, including negotiating with state sponsors of terrorism with the threat of force for noncompliance, isolating the violent actors by offering financial rewards for assistance in combating te…

  • Feasibility and acceptability of a specialist clinical service for HIV-infected mineworkers in South Africa

    Salome Charalambous, Anne D Grant et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2004

    Occupational settings offer an ideal opportunity to provide preventive health services for HIV-infected workers. A specialized clinic was established in a mining hospital in the Free State, South Africa, with the primary aim of delivering preventive therapy such as isoniazid to those at high risk of tuberculosis (individuals with HIV infection or silicosis), and cotrimoxazole to those at highest risk for opportunistic infections. The clinic desig…

  • Designing for Dialogue in Place of Teacher Talk and Student Silence

    Open Access•Renée Hayes, E Matusov•ARTICLE•Culture & Psychology•2005•Citada por: 4•Referências: 11

    Research in classrooms reveals that the institution of school is not an empty slate, but rather is characterized by peculiar patterns of interaction which tend to be short exchanges directed by the teacher. Language teachers who wish children to learn language by participating in extended meaningful conversation, then, must consciously resist institutionally defined 'teacher talk'. In this paper we examine a case of extended conversation in a dua…

  • 'The man who believed he had Aids was cured'

    Mary L Plummer, Mary Plummer et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2006

    Most people living with AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa have had neither a biomedical diagnosis nor antiretroviral medication, leading to the question of how individuals understand and treat AIDS. This study examined general illness, sexually-transmitted infection (STI) and AIDS treatment-seeking behaviour in rural Mwanza, Tanzania. From 1999-2002, participant observation was carried out in nine villages for a total of 158 person-weeks. Treatments wer…

  • Rationale and design of the Mema kwa Vijana adolescent sexual and reproductive health intervention in Mwanza Region, Tanzania

    Angela Obasi, A I Obasi et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2006

    Large-scale innovative, integrated, multifaceted adolescent sexual and reproductive health (ASRH) interventions are urgently needed in sub-Saharan Africa. Implementation through schools and health facilities may maximize intervention coverage and sustainability, however the impact of the use of these structures on intervention content and delivery is not well documented. This paper describes the rationale and design of a large-scale multifaceted …

  • Farming with Your Hoe in a Sack

    Open Access•Mary L Plummer, Daniel Wight et al.•ARTICLE•Studies in Family Planning•2006•Citada por: 6•Referências: 46

    This study examines condom knowledge, attitudes, access, and practices in rural Mwanza, Tanzania. From 1999–2002, six researchers carried out participant observation in nine villages for a total of 158 person‐weeks. Many villagers perceived condoms negatively for multiple reasons, for example, the method's association with infection or promiscuity, reduced male sexual pleasure, and cultural understandings of meaningful sex. Men controlled the ter…

  • The benefits of participatory methodologies to develop effective community dialogue in the context of a microbicide trial feasibility study in Mwanza, Tanzania

    Open Access•the Microbicides Development Programme, Andrew J Vallely et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2007

    Participatory techniques were instrumental in promoting meaningful dialogue between the research team, study participants and community representatives in Mwanza, allowing researchers and community representatives to gain a shared understanding of project-related priority areas for intervention

  • A model for community representation and participation in HIV prevention trials among women who engage in transactional sex in Africa

    Charles Shagi, Andrew J Vallely et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2008

    Actively engaging communities in effective partnerships for the design and implementation of HIV prevention research is vital to the successful conduct of ethically robust, locally-appropriate clinical trials in developing countries. This is especially true in vulnerable at-risk sub-populations, where definitions of "community", "participation" and "representation" can be difficult to apply. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility…

  • Evaluation of community level interventions to address social and structural determinants of health

    Open Access•Melanie Wall, Martin Wall et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2009

    Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN68175121

  • A qualitative study of participant adherence in a randomized controlled trial of herpes suppressive therapy for HIV prevention in Tanzania

    Mary L Plummer, Deborah Watson-Jones et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2010

    Poor participant adherence to treatment may contribute to lack of impact in some biomedical HIV prevention trials. This qualitative study explored adherence in a randomized controlled trial of herpes suppressive therapy to reduce HIV acquisition and infectivity among 1305 Tanzanian women. The trial found participants completed 72% of visits on treatment; 52-56% of women on treatment had > or = 90% adherence by pill count estimate; and between six…

  • Increased risk of HIV-infection among school-attending orphans in rural Zimbabwe

    S J S Pascoe, L Langhaug et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS Care•2010

    In Zimbabwe around 1.1 million children have been orphaned due to AIDS. We conducted a survey among school-attending youth in rural south-eastern Zimbabwe in 2003, and examined the association between orphaning and risk of HIV. We enrolled 30 communities in three provinces. All students attending Year 2 of secondary school were eligible. Each completed a questionnaire and provided a finger-prick blood specimen for testing for HIV-1 and HSV-2 anti…

  • Intravaginal and Menstrual Practices among Women Working in Food and Recreational Facilities in Mwanza, Tanzania

    Open Access•Caroline F Allen, Caroline Allen et al.•ARTICLE•AIDS and Behavior•2010

    Intravaginal and menstrual practices may potentially influence results of trials of microbicides for HIV prevention through effects on the vaginal environment and on adherence to microbicide and placebo products. As part of the feasibility study for the Microbicides Development Programme Phase 3 trial of a vaginal microbicide in Mwanza, a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods were used to describe these practices, associations with beha…

  • Determinants of physical activity in deprived communities in London

    Paul Watts, Gemma Phillips et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011

    Background The benefits of regular physical activity are well known. Few adults in the UK meet the recommended levels. There is growing evidence suggesting that neighbourhood characteristics interact with individual characteristics to determine physical activity levels. Objective Examine relationships between neighbourhood-level and individual-level characteristics and physical activity. Setting 40 of the most deprived neighbourhoods in London (c…

  • Alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public-health interventions

    Simon Cousen, S Cousens et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011•Citada por: 3•Referências: 34

    BACKGROUND: In non-randomised evaluations of public-health interventions, statistical methods to control confounding will usually be required. We review approaches to the control of confounding and discuss issues in drawing causal inference from these studies. METHODS: Non-systematic review of literature and mathematical data-simulation. RESULTS: Standard stratification and regression techniques will often be appropriate, but propensity scores ma…

  • Alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public health interventions

    Chris Bonell, C P Bonell et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011•Citada por: 12•Referências: 36

    BACKGROUND: There has been a recent increase in interest in alternatives to randomisation in the evaluation of public health interventions. We aim to describe specific scenarios in which randomised trials may not be possible and describe, exemplify and assess alternative strategies. METHODS: Non-systematic exploratory review. RESULTS: In many scenarios barriers are surmountable so that randomised trials (including stepped-wedge and crossover tria…

  • Determinants of mental health and wellbeing in low income communities

    Gemma Phillips, Paul Watts et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2011

    Background Poor mental health is more common in deprived communities in the UK. Individual characteristics (employment, financial security, significant life events, social networks) are key proximal determinants of mental health. It is important to examine the upstream effects of the neighbourhood environment on mental health because it may be easier to modify in the context of public health interventions that aim to reduce health inequalities. O…

  • Evaluation of Respondent-driven Sampling

    Nicky McCreesh, Simon D W Frost et al.•ARTICLE•Epidemiology•2012

    BACKGROUND: Respondent-driven sampling is a novel variant of link-tracing sampling for estimating the characteristics of hard-to-reach groups, such as HIV prevalence in sex workers. Despite its use by leading health organizations, the performance of this method in realistic situations is still largely unknown. We evaluated respondent-driven sampling by comparing estimates from a respondent-driven sampling survey with total population data. METHOD…

  • OP06 Well London

    Gemma Phillips, Renée Hayes et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2012

    Background Few public health interventions combining modification of the social and built environment with individual-level health promotion have been robustly evaluated in the UK. Well London is an assets-based community development programme designed to improve physical activity, healthy eating and mental wellbeing in highly deprived inner-city communities. The programme, delivered between 2007 and 2011, comprised a mix of projects delivering t…

Medicine (54 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (35 obras) · Environmental health (29 obras) · Population (27 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (26 obras) · Demography (25 obras) · Family medicine (25 obras) · Psychological intervention (19 obras) · Nursing (18 obras) · Internal Medicine (17 obras)

Ethnos_APP • Projeto Open Source • Licença MIT • Frontend v2.0.0 • Privacidade e Cookies • Documentação da API: api.ethnos.app/docs • Código da API: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17049435 • Código do Frontend: GitHub • DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17050053 • cruz.rio.br • Expectantes Misericordiae