Francis Tuerlinckx
Biographic Data
| ID | 236602 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Francis Tuerlinckx |
| GIVEN NAMES | Francis |
| FAMILY NAME | Tuerlinckx |
| SIGNATURE | TUERLINCKX F |
| AFFILIATIONS | KU Leuven |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1775-7654 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 70 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Detecting association changes in intensive longitudinal data in real time: An exponentially weighted moving average procedure
Within‐person changes in linear associations may indicate worsening well‐being and maladaptive functioning. We investigated whether such changes can be detected in real time using the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) procedure. Specifically, we investigated the effectiveness of first calculating association strength within time windows, considering several association measures (i.e. Pearson correlation, Spearman correlation, Pearson c…
Nonlinearity in affect dynamics persists after accounting for the valence of daily-life events
In recent years, increased attention has gone to studying nonlinear characteristics of affective time series. An example of such nonlinear features is multimodality-the presence of more than one mode in an affective time series-which might mark the presence of discrete-like transitions between one and another affective state. In an attempt to capture these nonlinear features, Loossens et al. (2020) proposed the Affective Ising Model (AIM) as a mo…
On the relationship between valence and arousal in samples across the globe
Affect is involved in many psychological phenomena, but a descriptive structure, long sought, has been elusive. Valence and arousal are fundamental, and a key question-the focus of the present study-is the relationship between them. Valence is sometimes thought to be independent of arousal, but, in some studies (representing too few societies in the world) arousal was found to vary with valence. One common finding is that arousal is lowest at neu…
Testing a computational model of subjective well-being: A preregistered replication of Rutledge et al. (2014)
Subjective well-being changes over time. While the causes of these changes have been investigated extensively, few attempts have been made to capture these changes through computational modelling. One notable exception is the study by Rutledge et al. [Rutledge, R. B., Skandali, N., Dayan, P., & Dolan, R. J. (2014). A computational and neural model of momentary subjective well-being. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(33), 12252–…
Reply to: Context matters for affective chronometry
Complex affect dynamics add limited information to the prediction of psychological well-being
Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads using a Time-Varying Vector-Autoregressive Model
Emotion dynamics are likely to arise in an interpersonal context. Standard methods to study emotions in interpersonal interaction are limited because stationarity is assumed. This means that the dynamics, for example, time-lagged relations, are invariant across time periods. However, this is generally an unrealistic assumption. Whether caused by an external (e.g., divorce) or an internal (e.g., rumination) event, emotion dynamics are prone to cha…
Improved Insight into and Prediction of Network Dynamics by Combining VAR and Dimension Reduction
To understand within-person psychological processes, one may fit VAR(1) models (or continuous-time variants thereof) to multivariate time series and display the VAR(1) coefficients as a network. This approach has two major problems. First, the contemporaneous correlations between the variables will frequently be substantial, yielding multicollinearity issues. In addition, the shared effects of the variables are not included in the network. Conseq…
The Relation Between Valence and Arousal in Subjective Experience Varies With Personality and Culture
OBJECTIVE: While in general arousal increases with positive or negative valence (a so-called V-shaped relation), there are large differences among individuals in how these two fundamental dimensions of affect are related in people's experience. In two studies, we examined two possible sources of this variation: personality and culture. METHOD: In Study 1, participants (Belgian university students) recalled a recent event that was characterized by…
What are 'good' depression symptoms? Comparing the centrality of DSM and non-DSM symptoms of depression in a network analysis
Increasing Transparency Through a Multiverse Analysis
Empirical research inevitably includes constructing a data set by processing raw data into a form ready for statistical analysis. Data processing often involves choices among several reasonable options for excluding, transforming, and coding data. We suggest that instead of performing only one analysis, researchers could perform a multiverse analysis, which involves performing all analyses across the whole set of alternatively processed data sets…
Using Raw VAR Regression Coefficients to Build Networks can be Misleading
Many questions in the behavioral sciences focus on the causal interplay of a number of variables across time. To reveal the dynamic relations between the variables, their (auto- or cross-) regressive effects across time may be inspected by fitting a lag-one vector autoregressive, or VAR(1), model and visualizing the resulting regression coefficients as the edges of a weighted directed network. Usually, the raw VAR(1) regression coefficients are d…
Bayesian Data Analysis with the Bivariate Hierarchical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process Model
In this paper, we propose a multilevel process modeling approach to describing individual differences in within-person changes over time. To characterize changes within an individual, repeated measures over time are modeled in terms of three person-specific parameters: a baseline level, intraindividual variation around the baseline, and regulatory mechanisms adjusting toward baseline. Variation due to measurement error is separated from meaningfu…
From loss to loneliness: The relationship between bereavement and depressive symptoms.
Spousal bereavement can cause a rise in depressive symptoms. This study empirically evaluates 2 competing explanations concerning how this causal effect is brought about: (a) a traditional latent variable explanation, in which loss triggers depression which then leads to symptoms; and (b) a novel network explanation, in which bereavement directly affects particular depression symptoms which then activate other symptoms. We used data from the Chan…
A Bivariate Generalized Linear Item Response Theory Modeling Framework to the Analysis of Responses and Response Times
A generalized linear modeling framework to the analysis of responses and response times is outlined. In this framework, referred to as bivariate generalized linear item response theory (B-GLIRT), separate generalized linear measurement models are specified for the responses and the response times that are subsequently linked by cross-relations. The cross-relations can take various forms. Here, we focus on cross-relations with a linear or interact…
Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads Using a Semiparametric Time-Varying Vector Autoregressive Model
"Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads Using a Semiparametric Time-Varying Vector Autoregressive Model." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(6), pp. 730–731
Commentary: “Consistent Superiority of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Over Placebo in Reducing Depressed Mood in Patients with Major Depression”
In the past decades, almost all research in psychiatry and clinical psychology has been directed at the level of disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) or schizophrenia. As has been argued by many scholars in recent work, this organization of the psychiatric research program has yielded limited insights, which justifies the investigation of psychopathology at a more fine-grained level: the level of symptoms (1, 2). In the present lett…
A Network Approach to Psychopathology: New Insights into Clinical Longitudinal Data
In the network approach to psychopathology, disorders are conceptualized as networks of mutually interacting symptoms (e.g., depressed mood) and transdiagnostic factors (e.g., rumination). This suggests that it is necessary to study how symptoms dynamically interact over time in a network architecture. In the present paper, we show how such an architecture can be constructed on the basis of time-series data obtained through Experience Sampling Me…
Contextualized Personality Questionnaires: A Case for Copulas in Structural Equation Models for Categorical Data
For structural equation models (SEMs) with categorical data, correlated measurement residuals are not easily implemented. The problem lies mainly in the absence of a categorical analogue to the multivariate normal distribution and the absence of closed form formulas in SEMs for categorical data. We present a novel technique to handle measurement residuals that keeps the attractive SEM mainframe intact yet adds flexibility in dependence modeling w…
The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience
Affect is basic to many if not all psychological phenomena. This article examines 2 of the most fundamental properties of affective experience--valence and arousal--asking how they are related to each other on a moment to moment basis. Over the past century, 6 distinct types of relations have been suggested or implicitly presupposed in the literature. We critically review the available evidence for each proposal and argue that the evidence does n…
A relationship between verbal aggression and personal network size
The relation between event processing and the duration of emotional experience
An emotional experience can last for only a couple of seconds up to several hours or even longer. In the present study, we examine to which extent covert intrapersonal actions (cognitions both related and unrelated to the emotion-eliciting stimulus) as well as overt interpersonal actions (social sharing) account for this variability in emotion duration. Participants were asked to report the duration of their anger, sadness, joy, and gratitude epi…
Feelings change: Accounting for individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affect
People display a remarkable variability in the patterns and trajectories with which their feelings change over time. In this article, we present a theoretical account for the dynamics of affect (DynAffect) that identifies the major processes underlying individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affective experiences. It is hypothesized that individuals are characterized by an affective home base, a baseline attractor state around which af…
Predicting the duration of emotional experience: Two experience sampling studies
The authors present 2 studies to explain the variability in the duration of emotional experience. Participants were asked to report the duration of their fear, anger, joy, gratitude, and sadness episodes on a daily basis. Information was further collected with regard to potential predictor variables at 3 levels: trait predictors, episode predictors, and moment predictors. Discrete-time survival analyses revealed that, for all 5 emotions under stu…
Estimating parameters of the diffusion model: Approaches to dealing with contaminant reaction times and parameter variability
Feelings change: Accounting for individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affect
People display a remarkable variability in the patterns and trajectories with which their feelings change over time. In this article, we present a theoretical account for the dynamics of affect (DynAffect) that identifies the major processes underlying individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affective experiences. It is hypothesized that individuals are characterized by an affective home base, a baseline attractor state around which af…
Complex affect dynamics add limited information to the prediction of psychological well-being
The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience
Affect is basic to many if not all psychological phenomena. This article examines 2 of the most fundamental properties of affective experience--valence and arousal--asking how they are related to each other on a moment to moment basis. Over the past century, 6 distinct types of relations have been suggested or implicitly presupposed in the literature. We critically review the available evidence for each proposal and argue that the evidence does n…
Measuring needs with the Thematic Apperception Test: A psychometric study
Three apperception theories that explain how people respond to Thematic Apperception Test cards are proposed: a simple apperception theory, an apperception theory with a dynamic component, and an apperception theory with 2 types of responses. Each theory is translated into an item response theory model and is applied to need for achievement (nAch) data. The analysis indicates that the best fitting model is provided by the apperception theory with…
Task perception as a mediating variable: A contribution to the validation of instructional knowledge
Background. From the perspective of the cognitive mediational paradigm, we focus in this study on students’ conceptions of the relationship between instructional interventions and learning: ‘ instructional knowledge’. Aims. Task perception has been investigated as a procedural manifestation of instructional knowledge. Four research questions directed the study: (1) how do students perceive a task; (2) by which structure can the relations between …
Reply to: Context matters for affective chronometry
Task perception as a mediating variable: A contribution to the validation of instructional knowledge
Background. From the perspective of the cognitive mediational paradigm, we focus in this study on students’ conceptions of the relationship between instructional interventions and learning: ‘ instructional knowledge’. Aims. Task perception has been investigated as a procedural manifestation of instructional knowledge. Four research questions directed the study: (1) how do students perceive a task; (2) by which structure can the relations between …
Estimating parameters of the diffusion model: Approaches to dealing with contaminant reaction times and parameter variability
Measuring needs with the Thematic Apperception Test: A psychometric study
Three apperception theories that explain how people respond to Thematic Apperception Test cards are proposed: a simple apperception theory, an apperception theory with a dynamic component, and an apperception theory with 2 types of responses. Each theory is translated into an item response theory model and is applied to need for achievement (nAch) data. The analysis indicates that the best fitting model is provided by the apperception theory with…
Predicting the duration of emotional experience: Two experience sampling studies
The authors present 2 studies to explain the variability in the duration of emotional experience. Participants were asked to report the duration of their fear, anger, joy, gratitude, and sadness episodes on a daily basis. Information was further collected with regard to potential predictor variables at 3 levels: trait predictors, episode predictors, and moment predictors. Discrete-time survival analyses revealed that, for all 5 emotions under stu…
Feelings change: Accounting for individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affect
People display a remarkable variability in the patterns and trajectories with which their feelings change over time. In this article, we present a theoretical account for the dynamics of affect (DynAffect) that identifies the major processes underlying individual differences in the temporal dynamics of affective experiences. It is hypothesized that individuals are characterized by an affective home base, a baseline attractor state around which af…
The relation between event processing and the duration of emotional experience
An emotional experience can last for only a couple of seconds up to several hours or even longer. In the present study, we examine to which extent covert intrapersonal actions (cognitions both related and unrelated to the emotion-eliciting stimulus) as well as overt interpersonal actions (social sharing) account for this variability in emotion duration. Participants were asked to report the duration of their anger, sadness, joy, and gratitude epi…
A relationship between verbal aggression and personal network size
A Network Approach to Psychopathology: New Insights into Clinical Longitudinal Data
In the network approach to psychopathology, disorders are conceptualized as networks of mutually interacting symptoms (e.g., depressed mood) and transdiagnostic factors (e.g., rumination). This suggests that it is necessary to study how symptoms dynamically interact over time in a network architecture. In the present paper, we show how such an architecture can be constructed on the basis of time-series data obtained through Experience Sampling Me…
Contextualized Personality Questionnaires: A Case for Copulas in Structural Equation Models for Categorical Data
For structural equation models (SEMs) with categorical data, correlated measurement residuals are not easily implemented. The problem lies mainly in the absence of a categorical analogue to the multivariate normal distribution and the absence of closed form formulas in SEMs for categorical data. We present a novel technique to handle measurement residuals that keeps the attractive SEM mainframe intact yet adds flexibility in dependence modeling w…
The relation between valence and arousal in subjective experience
Affect is basic to many if not all psychological phenomena. This article examines 2 of the most fundamental properties of affective experience--valence and arousal--asking how they are related to each other on a moment to moment basis. Over the past century, 6 distinct types of relations have been suggested or implicitly presupposed in the literature. We critically review the available evidence for each proposal and argue that the evidence does n…
From loss to loneliness: The relationship between bereavement and depressive symptoms.
Spousal bereavement can cause a rise in depressive symptoms. This study empirically evaluates 2 competing explanations concerning how this causal effect is brought about: (a) a traditional latent variable explanation, in which loss triggers depression which then leads to symptoms; and (b) a novel network explanation, in which bereavement directly affects particular depression symptoms which then activate other symptoms. We used data from the Chan…
A Bivariate Generalized Linear Item Response Theory Modeling Framework to the Analysis of Responses and Response Times
A generalized linear modeling framework to the analysis of responses and response times is outlined. In this framework, referred to as bivariate generalized linear item response theory (B-GLIRT), separate generalized linear measurement models are specified for the responses and the response times that are subsequently linked by cross-relations. The cross-relations can take various forms. Here, we focus on cross-relations with a linear or interact…
Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads Using a Semiparametric Time-Varying Vector Autoregressive Model
"Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads Using a Semiparametric Time-Varying Vector Autoregressive Model." Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(6), pp. 730–731
Commentary: “Consistent Superiority of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Over Placebo in Reducing Depressed Mood in Patients with Major Depression”
In the past decades, almost all research in psychiatry and clinical psychology has been directed at the level of disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) or schizophrenia. As has been argued by many scholars in recent work, this organization of the psychiatric research program has yielded limited insights, which justifies the investigation of psychopathology at a more fine-grained level: the level of symptoms (1, 2). In the present lett…
What are 'good' depression symptoms? Comparing the centrality of DSM and non-DSM symptoms of depression in a network analysis
Increasing Transparency Through a Multiverse Analysis
Empirical research inevitably includes constructing a data set by processing raw data into a form ready for statistical analysis. Data processing often involves choices among several reasonable options for excluding, transforming, and coding data. We suggest that instead of performing only one analysis, researchers could perform a multiverse analysis, which involves performing all analyses across the whole set of alternatively processed data sets…
Using Raw VAR Regression Coefficients to Build Networks can be Misleading
Many questions in the behavioral sciences focus on the causal interplay of a number of variables across time. To reveal the dynamic relations between the variables, their (auto- or cross-) regressive effects across time may be inspected by fitting a lag-one vector autoregressive, or VAR(1), model and visualizing the resulting regression coefficients as the edges of a weighted directed network. Usually, the raw VAR(1) regression coefficients are d…
Bayesian Data Analysis with the Bivariate Hierarchical Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Process Model
In this paper, we propose a multilevel process modeling approach to describing individual differences in within-person changes over time. To characterize changes within an individual, repeated measures over time are modeled in terms of three person-specific parameters: a baseline level, intraindividual variation around the baseline, and regulatory mechanisms adjusting toward baseline. Variation due to measurement error is separated from meaningfu…
The Relation Between Valence and Arousal in Subjective Experience Varies With Personality and Culture
OBJECTIVE: While in general arousal increases with positive or negative valence (a so-called V-shaped relation), there are large differences among individuals in how these two fundamental dimensions of affect are related in people's experience. In two studies, we examined two possible sources of this variation: personality and culture. METHOD: In Study 1, participants (Belgian university students) recalled a recent event that was characterized by…
Modeling Nonstationary Emotion Dynamics in Dyads using a Time-Varying Vector-Autoregressive Model
Emotion dynamics are likely to arise in an interpersonal context. Standard methods to study emotions in interpersonal interaction are limited because stationarity is assumed. This means that the dynamics, for example, time-lagged relations, are invariant across time periods. However, this is generally an unrealistic assumption. Whether caused by an external (e.g., divorce) or an internal (e.g., rumination) event, emotion dynamics are prone to cha…
Improved Insight into and Prediction of Network Dynamics by Combining VAR and Dimension Reduction
To understand within-person psychological processes, one may fit VAR(1) models (or continuous-time variants thereof) to multivariate time series and display the VAR(1) coefficients as a network. This approach has two major problems. First, the contemporaneous correlations between the variables will frequently be substantial, yielding multicollinearity issues. In addition, the shared effects of the variables are not included in the network. Conseq…
Complex affect dynamics add limited information to the prediction of psychological well-being
Reply to: Context matters for affective chronometry
Testing a computational model of subjective well-being: A preregistered replication of Rutledge et al. (2014)
Subjective well-being changes over time. While the causes of these changes have been investigated extensively, few attempts have been made to capture these changes through computational modelling. One notable exception is the study by Rutledge et al. [Rutledge, R. B., Skandali, N., Dayan, P., & Dolan, R. J. (2014). A computational and neural model of momentary subjective well-being. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(33), 12252–…
On the relationship between valence and arousal in samples across the globe
Affect is involved in many psychological phenomena, but a descriptive structure, long sought, has been elusive. Valence and arousal are fundamental, and a key question-the focus of the present study-is the relationship between them. Valence is sometimes thought to be independent of arousal, but, in some studies (representing too few societies in the world) arousal was found to vary with valence. One common finding is that arousal is lowest at neu…
Psychology (19 works) · Mental Health Research Topics (17 works) · Social Psychology (14 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · Cognitive psychology (11 works) · Mathematics (11 works) · Econometrics (9 works) · Statistics (9 works) · Developmental psychology (8 works) · Artificial Intelligence (7 works)