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D H Rehkopf

Biographic Data

ID23674
NAMED H Rehkopf
GIVEN NAMESD H
FAMILY NAMERehkopf
SIGNATUREREHKOPF D H
AFFILIATIONSStanford University
ORCID0000-0002-7597-6513
VERIFIEDYes
TOTAL WORKS68
TOTAL CITATIONS457
AUTHOR COUNT68
EDITOR COUNT0
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR2003
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2026
H-INDEX10
  • Estimating depression risk differences between sexual minority and heterosexual young adults using targeted maximum likelihood estimation and Super Learner

    Open Access•Junjie Anderson Lu, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Mental Health•2026

    Objective Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation (TMLE) offers double-robust protection against model misspecification by combining exposure and outcome modeling, while Super Learner provides flexible functional form specification through ensemble machine learning. Despite theoretical advantages, both methods remain underutilized in public health due to perceived complexity and limited accessible guidance. This paper provides a non-technical intr…

  • The Interaction of Racial-Ethnic and Economic Concentration and its Association with Premature Mortality in U.S. Neighborhoods

    Open Access•Iván Mejía-Guevara, Mark R Cullen et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Racial and Ethnic…•2026•References: 77

  • Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experience Exposure by Disability Status

    Open Access•Sophia Miryam Schüssler‐Fiorenza Rose, Sophia Miryam Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose…•ARTICLE•JAMA Health Forum•2025

    This cross-sectional study uses a population-based dataset to examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences in people with many different types of disability

  • Validating 8 Area-Based Measures of Social Risk for Predicting Health and Mortality

    Open Access•Aubrey Limburg, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•JAMA Health Forum•2025

    In this cross-sectional study, area-based measures predicted health outcomes better than individual socioeconomic measures, and generally predicted health equitably across subpopulations; thus, their use should be considered in conjunction or instead of using individual-level measures for selected health policy applications

  • Health insurance and epigenetic aging: Trends in a United States adult population

    Open Access•Jamaji C Nwanaji‐enwerem, Dennis Khodasevich et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Population Health•2025

    Our findings suggest that epigenetic aging measures may be useful for examining the relationship between health insurance and population health, with potential implications for policy decisions

  • Social support and epigenetic aging at the intersections of race, ethnicity, and gender: Findings from NHANES 1999–2002

    Open Access•Hanyang Shen, Nicole Gladish et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Population Health•2025

    The connection of social support and epigenetic aging varies markedly by person.•Sufficient emotional support is linked to slower epigenetic aging among Black men.•Having close friends was associated with slower epigenetic aging among Black women.•Epigenetic aging was slower among married Black and Mexican American men.•Hannum and Weidner clocks were the most sensitive to social support variability

  • Individual-, institutional-, and societal-level factors and their interactions in the association between minority ethnicity and self-reported health outcomes in China, 2010–2021: A repeated cross-sec…

    Open Access•Jackson G Lu, Junjie Lu et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2025

    As a group, ethnic minorities in China were associated with better health outcomes versus the Han majority. While individual-level factors accounted for most of the variation in health outcomes, institutional- and societal-level factors, as well as their interactions, also contributed. Findings demonstrate context-specific applications of social epidemiological theories in China

  • Chronic Disease and Aging-Related Risk Factors in Multiracial Subgroups: California, 2014–2023

    Open Access•Tracy Lam-Hine, Michelle C Odden et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Racial and Ethnic…•2025•References: 20

  • Prevalence of Subjective Cognitive Decline Among Older Multiracial Adults, 2019–2023

    Open Access•Tracy Lam-Hine, Michelle C Odden et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Aging and Health•2025•References: 6

    Background: The Multiracial population is the fastest-growing racial group in the United States but remains underrepresented in cognitive aging research. No national estimates exist for subjective cognitive decline (SCD)-a self-reported indicator of worsening memory associated with dementia risk-among older Multiracial adults. Methods: We used 2019-2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from states that administered the optional cog…

  • Association between spatial social polarisation and high blood pressure in older adults

    Hoda S Abdel Magid, Samuel Jaros et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2025•References: 25

    BACKGROUND: Using data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study, we investigate the association between socioeconomic polarisation and blood pressure outcomes in black and white adults. We also validate previous findings that joint racial/ethnic and income measures of spatial social polarisation (SSP) outperform single domain measures. METHODS: We conducted a cross-…

  • Transforming Mortality Prediction: A Transformer-Based Mortality Prediction Model

    Open Access•Jordan Wei, Alaleh Azhir et al.•ARTICLE•The Journals of Gerontology…•2025•Cited by: 1

    Objectives Mortality prediction and the identification of mortality risks are central to social and biological sciences. Traditional models often assess linear associations between single risk factors and mortality. Transformer models, capable of capturing long-term dependencies across multiple variables, offer a novel approach to mortality prediction. This study introduces a transformer-based model applied to data from the Health and Retirement …

  • Contribution of Involuntary Job Loss to the Burden of Depressive Symptoms Over Two Decades in a National Study of Aging Adults

    Open Access•Sally Picciotto, Ellen A Eisen et al.•ARTICLE•The Journals of Gerontology…•2024•References: 6

    Involuntary job loss is associated with high depressive symptom burden in older persons, suggesting that screening and intervention soon after job loss may help mitigate depression

  • Long-term Effects of Local Area New Deal Work Relief in Childhood on Late-Life Depression

    Open Access•Sepideh Modrek, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•The Journals of Gerontology…•2024•References: 1

    Objective To investigate whether childhood exposure to local area New Deal emergency employment work relief activity was associated with lower depressive symptoms in late life. Methods This study utilized individual-level data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) linked to the full count 1940 census. New Deal emergency employment programs were the largest nonwartime expansion in government-led infrastructure, services, and employment polic…

  • Does educational attainment modify the causal relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular disease? A Mendelian randomization study

    Open Access•Robert C Schell, William H Dow et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Population Health•2023

    A greater risk of cardiovascular disease is associated with low educational attainment and high adiposity. Despite the correlation between low educational attainment and high adiposity, whether educational attainment modifies the risk of CVD caused by high adiposity remains poorly understood. We investigated the effect of adiposity (body mass index [BMI] and waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI [WHRadjBMI]) on incident CVD among individuals with v…

  • Effects of housing vouchers on the long-term exposure to neighbourhood opportunity among low-income families: The moving to opportunity experiment

    Huiyun Kim, Niels Martin Schmidt et al.•ARTICLE•Housing Studies•2023•Cited by: 1•References: 55

    Tenant-based rental assistance has received much attention as a tool to ameliorate American poverty and income segregation. We examined whether a tenant-based voucher program improves long-term exposure to neighborhood opportunity overall and across multiple domains-social/economic, educational, and health/environmental-among low-income families with children. We used data from the Moving to Opportunity (MTO) experiment (1994-2010) with a 10- to …

  • Associations of local area level new deal employment in childhood with late life cognition: Evidence from the census-linked health and retirement study

    Mark Lee, Amal Harrati et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2023•References: 20

    BACKGROUND: Emergency employment programmes during the 1930s and 1940s invested income, infrastructure and social services into communities affected by the Great Depression. We estimate the long-term associations of growing up in an area exposed to New Deal emergency employment in 1940 with cognitive functioning in later life. METHODS: Members of the Health and Retirement Study cohort (N=5095; mean age 66.3 at baseline) who were age 0-17 in 1940 …

  • Relative Deprivation, Income Inequality, and Cardiovascular Health: Observational and Mendelian Randomization Studies in Hong Kong Chinese

    Open Access•Man Ki Kwok, Ichiro Kawachi et al.•ARTICLE•Frontiers in Public Health•2022

    The associations between absolute vs. relative income at the household or neighborhood level and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk remain understudied in the Chinese context. Further, it is unclear whether stress biomarkers, such as cortisol, are on the pathway from income to CVD risk. We examined the associations of absolute and relative income with CVD risk observationally, as well as the mediating role of cortisol, and validated the role of co…

  • Long-Term Effects of Local-Area New Deal Work Relief in Childhood on Educational, Economic, and Health Outcomes Over the Life Course: Evidence From the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study

    Open Access•Sepideh Modrek, Evan Roberts et al.•ARTICLE•Demography•2022•Cited by: 3•References: 31

    The economic characteristics of one's childhood neighborhood have been found to determine long-term well-being. Policies enacted during childhood may change neighborhood trajectories and thus impact long-term outcomes for children. We use individual-level data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study to examine the enduring consequences of childhood exposure to local-area New Deal emergency employment work-relief activity. Our outcomes include adole…

  • Work Schedule Control and Allostatic Load Biomarkers: Disparities Between and Within Gender

    Open Access•Senhu Wang, Lambert Zixin Li et al.•ARTICLE•Social Indicators Research•2022•Cited by: 9•References: 47

  • High School Composition and Health Outcomes in Adulthood: A Cohort Study

    Open Access•A K Cohen, Emily J Ozer et al.•ARTICLE•International Journal of…•2021

    Future research should explore possible mechanisms and also if findings are similar across other populations and in other school contexts. These results suggest that education policies that seek to break the link between socioeconomic composition and negative outcomes remain important but may have few spillover effects onto health

  • Public health impacts of an imminent Red Sea oil spill

    Open Access•Benjamin Q Huynh, Laura H Kwong et al.•ARTICLE•Nature Sustainability•2021•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    The possibility of a massive oil spill in the Red Sea is increasingly likely. The Safer , a deteriorating oil tanker containing 1.1 million barrels of oil, has been deserted near the coast of Yemen since 2015 and threatens environmental catastrophe to a country presently in a humanitarian crisis. Here, we model the immediate public health impacts of a simulated spill. We estimate that all of Yemen's imported fuel through its key Red Sea ports wou…

  • Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Opioid-Related Mortality in the USA, 1999–2019: The Extreme Case of Washington DC

    Open Access•Mathew V Kiang, Alexander C Tsai et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Urban Health•2021•Cited by: 1•References: 4

  • Subjective social status and physical health: The role of negative affect and reappraisal

    Open Access•Daniel O''Leary, Daniel O’leary et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2021•Cited by: 4•References: 38

  • Income, inflammation and cancer mortality: A study of U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mortality follow-up cohorts

    Open Access•Joshua E Chan, Amandeep Mann et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2020

    We find evidence that only in one unique stratum is earlier life CRP, and not fibrinogen, associated with prospective cancer mortality. After more complete control for socioeconomic confounding, CRP and fibrinogen do not predict cancer mortality in most subpopulations

  • Differential associations between state-level educational quality and cardiovascular health by race: Early-life exposures and late-life health

    Open Access•Anusha M Vable, T T Nguyen et al.•ARTICLE•SSM - Population Health•2019

    Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are patterned by educational attainment but educational quality is rarely examined. Educational quality differences may help explain racial disparities. Health and Retirement Study respondent data (1992-2014; born 1900-1951) were linked to state- and year-specific educational quality measures when the respondent was 6 years old. State-level educational quality was a composite of state-level school term length, studen…

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  • Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Monitoring Socioeconomic Gradients in Health: A Comparison of Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures—The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project

    Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T Chen et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2003•Cited by: 74•References: 35

    Use of multilevel frameworks and area-based socioeconomic measures (ABSMs) for public health monitoring can potentially overcome the absence of socioeconomic data in most US public health surveillance systems. To assess whether ABSMs can meaningfully be used for diverse race/ethnicity–gender groups, we geocoded and linked public health surveillance data from Massachusetts and Rhode Island to 1990 block group, tract, and zip code ABSMs. Outcomes c…

  • Painting a Truer Picture of US Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Health Inequalities: The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project

    Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T Chen et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2005•Cited by: 69•References: 25

    Objectives. We describe a method to facilitate routine monitoring of socioeconomic health disparities in the United States. Methods. We analyzed geocoded public health surveillance data including events from birth to death (c. 1990) linked to 1990 census tract (CT) poverty data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Results. For virtually all outcomes, risk increased with CT poverty, and when we adjusted for CT poverty racial/ethnic disparities were…

  • Effects of Prenatal Poverty on Infant Health: State Earned Income Tax Credits and Birth Weight

    Open Access•Kate W Strully, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•American Sociological Review•2010•Cited by: 64•References: 34

    This study estimates the effects of prenatal poverty on birth weight using changes in state Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC) as a natural experiment. We seek to answer two questions about poverty and child wellbeing. First, are there associations between prenatal poverty and lower birth weights even after factoring out unmeasured potential confounders? Because birth weight predicts a range of outcomes across the life course, lower birth weights t…

  • Socioeconomic status, health behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002

    Open Access•B L Needham, Nancy Adler et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2013•Cited by: 35•References: 77

  • Social Isolation: A Predictor of Mortality Comparable to Traditional Clinical Risk Factors

    Matthew Pantell, Matthew S Pantell et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2013•Cited by: 30•References: 26

    Objectives. We explored the relationship between social isolation and mortality in a nationally representative US sample and compared the predictive power of social isolation with that of traditional clinical risk factors. Methods. We used data on 16 849 adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Death Index. Predictor variables were 4 social isolation factors and a composite index. Comparison predicto…

  • Racial Disparities in Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Neighborhood Variations in Poverty and Excess Mortality Among Black Populations in Massachusetts

    V Subramanian, S V Subramanian et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2005•Cited by: 28•References: 14

    Objectives. We analyzed neighborhood heterogeneity in associations among mortality, race/ethnicity, and area poverty. Methods. We performed a multilevel statistical analysis of Massachusetts all-cause mortality data for the period 1989 through 1991 (n=142836 deaths), modeled as 79813 cells (deaths and denominators cross-tabulated by age, gender, and race/ethnicity) at level 1 nested within 5532 block groups at level 2 within 1307 census tracts (C…

  • Assessing health impact assessment: Multidisciplinary and international perspectives: Table 1

    Nancy Krieger, Mary E Northridge et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2003•Cited by: 22•References: 11

    Health impact assessment (HIA) seeks to expand evaluation of policy and programmes in all sectors, both private and public, to include their impact on population health. While the idea that the public’s health is affected by a broad array of social and economic policies is not new and dates back well over two centuries, what is new is the notion—increasingly adopted by major health institutions, such as the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the…

  • Mapping and Measuring Social Disparities in Premature Mortality: The Impact of Census Tract Poverty within and across Boston Neighborhoods, 1999–2001

    Open Access•Jarvis T Chen, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Urban Health•2006•Cited by: 18•References: 2

  • The Nonlinear Relationship Between Education and Mortality: An Examination of Cohort, Race/Ethnic, and Gender Differences

    Open Access•Bethany G Everett, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Population Research and Policy…•2013•Cited by: 17•References: 58

  • Monitoring Socioeconomic Disparities in Death: Comparing Individual-Level Education and Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures

    D H Rehkopf, Lorna T Haughton et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2006•Cited by: 14•References: 13

    We compared all-cause mortality rates stratified by individual-level education and by census tract area–based socioeconomic measures for Massachusetts (1999–2001). Among persons aged 25 and older, the age-adjusted relative index of inequality was slightly higher for the census tract than for the individual education measures (1.5 vs 1.2, respectively). Only the census tract socioeconomic measures could provide a relative index of inequality (2–3)…

  • Work Schedule Control and Allostatic Load Biomarkers: Disparities Between and Within Gender

    Open Access•Senhu Wang, Lambert Zixin Li et al.•ARTICLE•Social Indicators Research•2022•Cited by: 9•References: 47

  • Genetic vulnerability to diabetes and obesity: Does education offset the risk

    Open Access•Y Liu, Sze Yan Liu et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2015•Cited by: 8•References: 48

  • Lifecourse Priorities Among Appalachian Emerging Adults: Revisiting Wallace's Organization of Diversity

    Open Access•Ryan Brown, Ryan A Brown et al.•ARTICLE•Ethos•2009•Cited by: 7•References: 24

    We examine how social demographics (gender, age, or race-ethnicity), census tract characteristics, and family environment during childhood relate to variability in the lifecourse priorities of 344 Cherokee and white youth during emerging adulthood (age 19-24). Analyses were performed using recursive partitioning and random forest methods to examine determinants of prioritizing education, family formation, economic establishment, self characterist…

  • Heterogeneous Effects of Housing Vouchers on the Mental Health of US Adolescents

    Quynh C Nguyen, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2016•Cited by: 6•References: 27

    Objectives. To assess the mental health effects on adolescents of low-income families residing in high-poverty public housing who received housing vouchers to assist relocation. Methods. We defined treatment effects to compare 2829 adolescents aged 12 to 19 years in families offered housing vouchers versus those living in public housing in the Moving to Opportunity experiment (1994–1997; Boston, MA; Baltimore, MD; Chicago, IL; Los Angeles, CA; Ne…

  • Soda and Cell Aging: Associations Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Healthy Adults From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

    Cindy W Leung, Barbara A Laraia et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2014•Cited by: 6•References: 50

    Objectives. We tested whether leukocyte telomere length maintenance, which underlies healthy cellular aging, provides a link between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Methods. We examined cross-sectional associations between the consumption of SSBs, diet soda, and fruit juice and telomere length in a nationally representative sample of healthy adults. The study population included 5309 US adults, …

  • The association between a living wage and subjective social status and self-rated health: A quasi-experimental study in the Dominican Republic

    Open Access•John C Landefeld, Katharine B Burmaster et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2014•Cited by: 6•References: 32

  • Education and obesity at age 40 among American adults

    Open Access•A K Cohen, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 60

    Although many have studied the association between educational attainment and obesity, studies to date have not fully examined prior common causes and possible interactions by race/ethnicity or gender. It is also not clear if the relationship between actual educational attainment and obesity is independent of the role of aspired educational attainment or expected educational attainment. The authors use generalized linear log link models to examin…

  • Associations between cumulative neighborhood deprivation, long-term mobility trajectories, and gestational weight gain

    Open Access•Irene Headen, Mahasin S Mujahid et al.•ARTICLE•Health & Place•2018•Cited by: 5•References: 6

  • Crowdsourced Health Data: Comparability to a US National Survey, 2013–2015

    Veronica Yank, Sanjhavi Agarwal et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2017•Cited by: 5•References: 27

    Objectives. To determine the generalizability of crowdsourced, electronic health data from self-selected individuals using a national survey as a reference. Methods. Using the world’s largest crowdsourcing platform in 2015, we collected data on characteristics known to influence cardiovascular disease risk and identified comparable data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We used age-stratified logistic regression models to …

  • Differences in the association of cardiovascular risk factors with education: A comparison of Costa Rica (CRELES) and the USA (NHANES)

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, William H Dow et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2010•Cited by: 5•References: 44

    BACKGROUND: Despite different levels of economic development, Costa Rica and the USA have similar mortalities among adults. However, in the USA there are substantial differences in mortality by educational attainment, and in Costa Rica there are only minor differences. This contrast motivates an examination of behavioural and biological correlates underlying this difference. METHODS: The authors used data on adults aged 60 and above from the Cost…

  • Subjective social status and physical health: The role of negative affect and reappraisal

    Open Access•Daniel O''Leary, Daniel O’leary et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2021•Cited by: 4•References: 38

  • Long-Term Effects of Local-Area New Deal Work Relief in Childhood on Educational, Economic, and Health Outcomes Over the Life Course: Evidence From the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study

    Open Access•Sepideh Modrek, Evan Roberts et al.•ARTICLE•Demography•2022•Cited by: 3•References: 31

    The economic characteristics of one's childhood neighborhood have been found to determine long-term well-being. Policies enacted during childhood may change neighborhood trajectories and thus impact long-term outcomes for children. We use individual-level data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study to examine the enduring consequences of childhood exposure to local-area New Deal emergency employment work-relief activity. Our outcomes include adole…

  • Layoffs and the mental health and safety of remaining workers: A difference-in-differences analysis of the US aluminium industry

    Holly Stewart, Eli Ben-Michael et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2019•Cited by: 3•References: 39

    BACKGROUND: Relatively few studies have examined the effects of layoffs on remaining workers, although the effects of layoffs and downsizing events may extend beyond those employees who lose their jobs. METHODS: We examined the effects of layoffs on mental healthcare utilisation and injury risk among workers at 30 US plants between 2003 and 2013. We defined layoffs as reductions in the hourly workforce of 20% or more at each plant. Using a differ…

  • Income Gains and Very Low-Weight Birth among Low-Income Black Mothers in California

    T A Bruckner, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Biodemography and Social Biology•2013•Cited by: 3•References: 47

    We test the hypothesis suggested in the literature that an acute income gain in the form of the earned income tax credit reduces the odds of a very low-weight birth among low-income non-Hispanic black mothers. We apply ecological time series and supplemental individual-level logistic regression methods to monthly birth data from California between 1989 and 1997. Contrary to our hypothesis, the odds of very low-weight birth increases above its exp…

  • Public health impacts of an imminent Red Sea oil spill

    Open Access•Benjamin Q Huynh, Laura H Kwong et al.•ARTICLE•Nature Sustainability•2021•Cited by: 2•References: 2

    The possibility of a massive oil spill in the Red Sea is increasingly likely. The Safer , a deteriorating oil tanker containing 1.1 million barrels of oil, has been deserted near the coast of Yemen since 2015 and threatens environmental catastrophe to a country presently in a humanitarian crisis. Here, we model the immediate public health impacts of a simulated spill. We estimate that all of Yemen's imported fuel through its key Red Sea ports wou…

  • Assessing health impact assessment: Multidisciplinary and international perspectives: Table 1

    Nancy Krieger, Mary E Northridge et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2003•Cited by: 22•References: 11

    Health impact assessment (HIA) seeks to expand evaluation of policy and programmes in all sectors, both private and public, to include their impact on population health. While the idea that the public’s health is affected by a broad array of social and economic policies is not new and dates back well over two centuries, what is new is the notion—increasingly adopted by major health institutions, such as the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the…

  • Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Monitoring Socioeconomic Gradients in Health: A Comparison of Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures—The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project

    Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T Chen et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2003•Cited by: 74•References: 35

    Use of multilevel frameworks and area-based socioeconomic measures (ABSMs) for public health monitoring can potentially overcome the absence of socioeconomic data in most US public health surveillance systems. To assess whether ABSMs can meaningfully be used for diverse race/ethnicity–gender groups, we geocoded and linked public health surveillance data from Massachusetts and Rhode Island to 1990 block group, tract, and zip code ABSMs. Outcomes c…

  • Racial Disparities in Context: A Multilevel Analysis of Neighborhood Variations in Poverty and Excess Mortality Among Black Populations in Massachusetts

    V Subramanian, S V Subramanian et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2005•Cited by: 28•References: 14

    Objectives. We analyzed neighborhood heterogeneity in associations among mortality, race/ethnicity, and area poverty. Methods. We performed a multilevel statistical analysis of Massachusetts all-cause mortality data for the period 1989 through 1991 (n=142836 deaths), modeled as 79813 cells (deaths and denominators cross-tabulated by age, gender, and race/ethnicity) at level 1 nested within 5532 block groups at level 2 within 1307 census tracts (C…

  • Painting a Truer Picture of US Socioeconomic and Racial/Ethnic Health Inequalities: The Public Health Disparities Geocoding Project

    Nancy Krieger, Jarvis T Chen et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2005•Cited by: 69•References: 25

    Objectives. We describe a method to facilitate routine monitoring of socioeconomic health disparities in the United States. Methods. We analyzed geocoded public health surveillance data including events from birth to death (c. 1990) linked to 1990 census tract (CT) poverty data for Massachusetts and Rhode Island. Results. For virtually all outcomes, risk increased with CT poverty, and when we adjusted for CT poverty racial/ethnic disparities were…

  • The association between suicide and the socio-economic characteristics of geographical areas: A systematic review

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, Stephen L Buka•ARTICLE•Psychological Medicine•2006

    Background. Despite an extensive literature, there have been widely divergent findings regarding the direction of the association between area socio-economic characteristics and area suicide rates, with high-quality studies finding either a direct relation (higher rates of suicide in higher socio-economic areas), an inverse relation (lower rates of suicide in higher socio-economic areas) or no association. Method. We performed a systematic review…

  • Mapping and Measuring Social Disparities in Premature Mortality: The Impact of Census Tract Poverty within and across Boston Neighborhoods, 1999–2001

    Open Access•Jarvis T Chen, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Urban Health•2006•Cited by: 18•References: 2

  • Monitoring Socioeconomic Disparities in Death: Comparing Individual-Level Education and Area-Based Socioeconomic Measures

    D H Rehkopf, Lorna T Haughton et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2006•Cited by: 14•References: 13

    We compared all-cause mortality rates stratified by individual-level education and by census tract area–based socioeconomic measures for Massachusetts (1999–2001). Among persons aged 25 and older, the age-adjusted relative index of inequality was slightly higher for the census tract than for the individual education measures (1.5 vs 1.2, respectively). Only the census tract socioeconomic measures could provide a relative index of inequality (2–3)…

  • The Fall and Rise of US Inequities in Premature Mortality: 1960–2002

    Open Access•Nancy Krieger, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•PLoS Medicine•2008

    BACKGROUND: Debates exist as to whether, as overall population health improves, the absolute and relative magnitude of income- and race/ethnicity-related health disparities necessarily increase-or decrease. We accordingly decided to test the hypothesis that health inequities widen-or shrink-in a context of declining mortality rates, by examining annual US mortality data over a 42 year period. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Using US county mortality data f…

  • U.S. Disparities in Health: Descriptions, Causes, and Mechanisms

    Nancy E Adler, D H Rehkopf•ARTICLE•Annual Review of Public Health•2008

    Eliminating health disparities is a fundamental, though not always explicit, goal of public health research and practice. There is a burgeoning literature in this area, but a number of unresolved issues remain. These include the definition of what constitutes a disparity, the relationship of different bases of disadvantage, the ability to attribute cause from association, and the establishment of the mechanisms by which social disadvantage affect…

  • The non-linear risk of mortality by income level in a healthy population: US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mortality follow-up cohort, 1988–2001

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, Lisa F Berkman et al.•ARTICLE•BMC Public Health•2008

    The majority of the income associated mortality risk in individuals between the ages of 18-77 in the United States is among the population whose family income is below the median (equal to $20,190 in 1991, 3.2 times the poverty level). Efforts to decrease socioeconomic disparities may have the greatest impact if focused on this population

  • Lifecourse Priorities Among Appalachian Emerging Adults: Revisiting Wallace's Organization of Diversity

    Open Access•Ryan Brown, Ryan A Brown et al.•ARTICLE•Ethos•2009•Cited by: 7•References: 24

    We examine how social demographics (gender, age, or race-ethnicity), census tract characteristics, and family environment during childhood relate to variability in the lifecourse priorities of 344 Cherokee and white youth during emerging adulthood (age 19-24). Analyses were performed using recursive partitioning and random forest methods to examine determinants of prioritizing education, family formation, economic establishment, self characterist…

  • Differences in the association of cardiovascular risk factors with education: A comparison of Costa Rica (CRELES) and the USA (NHANES)

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, William H Dow et al.•ARTICLE•Journal of Epidemiology and…•2010•Cited by: 5•References: 44

    BACKGROUND: Despite different levels of economic development, Costa Rica and the USA have similar mortalities among adults. However, in the USA there are substantial differences in mortality by educational attainment, and in Costa Rica there are only minor differences. This contrast motivates an examination of behavioural and biological correlates underlying this difference. METHODS: The authors used data on adults aged 60 and above from the Cost…

  • Effects of Prenatal Poverty on Infant Health: State Earned Income Tax Credits and Birth Weight

    Open Access•Kate W Strully, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•American Sociological Review•2010•Cited by: 64•References: 34

    This study estimates the effects of prenatal poverty on birth weight using changes in state Earned Income Tax Credits (EITC) as a natural experiment. We seek to answer two questions about poverty and child wellbeing. First, are there associations between prenatal poverty and lower birth weights even after factoring out unmeasured potential confounders? Because birth weight predicts a range of outcomes across the life course, lower birth weights t…

  • The association of earnings with health in middle age: Do self-reported earnings for the previous year tell the whole story

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, Christopher Jencks et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2010•Cited by: 1•References: 44

  • Maternal Pre-pregnancy BMI, Gestational Weight Gain, and Age at Menarche in Daughters

    Open Access•Julianna Deardorff, Rachel Berry-Millett et al.•ARTICLE•Maternal and Child Health Journal•2012

  • Educational attainment and obesity: A systematic review

    Open Access•A K Cohen, M Rai et al.•ARTICLE•Obesity Reviews•2013

  • Were the mental health benefits of a housing mobility intervention larger for adolescents in higher socioeconomic status families

    Open Access•Quynh C Nguyen, Niels Martin Schmidt et al.•ARTICLE•Health & Place•2013•Cited by: 1•References: 6

  • The Nonlinear Relationship Between Education and Mortality: An Examination of Cohort, Race/Ethnic, and Gender Differences

    Open Access•Bethany G Everett, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Population Research and Policy…•2013•Cited by: 17•References: 58

  • Social Isolation: A Predictor of Mortality Comparable to Traditional Clinical Risk Factors

    Matthew Pantell, Matthew S Pantell et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2013•Cited by: 30•References: 26

    Objectives. We explored the relationship between social isolation and mortality in a nationally representative US sample and compared the predictive power of social isolation with that of traditional clinical risk factors. Methods. We used data on 16 849 adults from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Death Index. Predictor variables were 4 social isolation factors and a composite index. Comparison predicto…

  • Income Gains and Very Low-Weight Birth among Low-Income Black Mothers in California

    T A Bruckner, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Biodemography and Social Biology•2013•Cited by: 3•References: 47

    We test the hypothesis suggested in the literature that an acute income gain in the form of the earned income tax credit reduces the odds of a very low-weight birth among low-income non-Hispanic black mothers. We apply ecological time series and supplemental individual-level logistic regression methods to monthly birth data from California between 1989 and 1997. Contrary to our hypothesis, the odds of very low-weight birth increases above its exp…

  • Socioeconomic status, health behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002

    Open Access•B L Needham, Nancy Adler et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2013•Cited by: 35•References: 77

  • Education and obesity at age 40 among American adults

    Open Access•A K Cohen, D H Rehkopf et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2013•Cited by: 6•References: 60

    Although many have studied the association between educational attainment and obesity, studies to date have not fully examined prior common causes and possible interactions by race/ethnicity or gender. It is also not clear if the relationship between actual educational attainment and obesity is independent of the role of aspired educational attainment or expected educational attainment. The authors use generalized linear log link models to examin…

  • Seasonal variation of peripheral blood leukocyte telomere length in Costa Rica: A population‐based observational study

    Open Access•D H Rehkopf, William H Dow et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Human Biology•2014

    There are two possible explanations of our findings. First, there could be relatively rapid month-to-month changes in LTL. This conclusion would have implications for understanding the natural population dynamics of telomere length. Second, there could be seasonal differences in constituent cell populations. This conclusion would suggest that future studies of LTL use methods to account for the potential impact of constituent cell type

  • Soda and Cell Aging: Associations Between Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Leukocyte Telomere Length in Healthy Adults From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

    Cindy W Leung, Barbara A Laraia et al.•ARTICLE•American Journal of Public Health•2014•Cited by: 6•References: 50

    Objectives. We tested whether leukocyte telomere length maintenance, which underlies healthy cellular aging, provides a link between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Methods. We examined cross-sectional associations between the consumption of SSBs, diet soda, and fruit juice and telomere length in a nationally representative sample of healthy adults. The study population included 5309 US adults, …

  • The association between a living wage and subjective social status and self-rated health: A quasi-experimental study in the Dominican Republic

    Open Access•John C Landefeld, Katharine B Burmaster et al.•ARTICLE•Social Science & Medicine•2014•Cited by: 6•References: 32

Medicine (57 works) · Demography (43 works) · Population (40 works) · Gerontology (39 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (38 works) · Environmental health (32 works) · Demography (24 works) · Internal Medicine (23 works) · Sociology (20 works) · Ethnic group (19 works)

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