Patricia A Omidian
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 236920 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Patricia A Omidian |
| PRENOMES | Patricia A |
| SOBRENOME | Omidian |
| ASSINATURA | OMIDIAN P A |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Aga Khan University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4629-7391 |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 17 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 57 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1989 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2018 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Positive Deviance
Positive deviance (PD) is a research and program development method designed to solve difficult and seemingly unresolvable problems at the local level. Its basic assumption is that one or more persons in the affected community will have already found a solution to that vexing problem. As a participatory approach, it recognizes that those who are impacted by the problem have a stake in how that problem is solved and must be enlisted in the search …
Per Diems in Polio Eradication
Nearly all global health initiatives give per diems to community health workers (CHWs) in poor countries for short-term work on disease-specific programs. We interviewed CHWs, supervisors, and high-level officials (n = 95) in 6 study sites across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia in early 2012 about the per diems given to them by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. These per diems for CHWs ranged from $1.50 to $2.40 per day. International of…
Community-based reports of morbidity, mortality, and health-seeking behaviours in four Monrovia communities during the West African Ebola epidemic
The goal of this study was to assess morbidity, mortality, and health-seeking behaviours during the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Monrovia, Liberia. This study examined commonly reported symptoms of illness, pre-clinical diagnostic practices, typical healthcare-seeking strategies, and health resources available to populations, in order to identify salient needs and gaps in healthcare that would inform local emergency response efforts. Semi-structured in…
Community-Centered Responses to Ebola in Urban Liberia
BACKGROUND: The West African Ebola epidemic has demonstrated that the existing range of medical and epidemiological responses to emerging disease outbreaks is insufficient, especially in post-conflict contexts with exceedingly poor healthcare infrastructures. In this context, community-based responses have proven vital for containing Ebola virus disease (EVD) and shifting the epidemic curve. Despite a surge in interest in local innovations that e…
The Global Context of Vaccine Refusal
Many of medical anthropology's most pressing research questions require an understanding how infections, money, and ideas move around the globe. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is a $9 billion project that has delivered 20 billion doses of oral polio vaccine in campaigns across the world. With its array of global activities, it cannot be comprehensively explored by the traditional anthropological method of research at one field sit…
Living and Working in a War Zone
This paper is a discussion of action anthropology as it has unfolded for me in Afghanistan from 1998 to 2008 and highlights examples from the field between December 2001 and December 2008. Through examples of my work as an applied anthropologist in Afghanistan I will show how the role of the anthropologist must be kept separate from any armed actors in the field in order to maintain ethical integrity, standards for proper research and the safety …
The Validity and Clinical Utility of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Afghanistan
This study examined the validity and utility of PTSD among 320 adults in Afghanistan. Findings support the validity of PTSD in this cultural context: PTSD symptoms were highly prevalent, shared common variance, and correlated as expected with exposure to traumatic stress. However, only limited support was found for the clinical utility of PTSD. Other types of psychiatric symptomatology, including depression and a culturally specific measure of ge…
Daily Stressors, War Experiences, and Mental Health in Afghanistan
Working in Afghanistan's capital city of Kabul, the authors assessed the relative contribution of daily stressors and war-related experiences of violence and loss to levels of depression, PTSD, impaired functioning, and a culturally specific measure of general psychological distress. For women, daily stressors were a better predictor than war experiences of all mental health outcomes except for PTSD; for men, daily stressors were a better predict…
The Afghan Symptom Checklist
This article describes a methodology for developing culturally grounded assessment measures in conflict and postconflict situations. A mixed-method design was used in Kabul, Afghanistan, to identify local indicators of distress and develop the 22-item Afghan Symptom Checklist (ASCL). The ASCL contains several indigenous items and items familiar to Western mental health professionals. The ASCL was pilot tested and subsequently administered to 324 …
General Anthropology Division
General Anthropology Division
Aging and Family in an Afghan Refugee Community
Ethnic Coalitions and Public Health
Working with ethnic coalitions is new in public health. The Afghan Health Education Project was funded by the California State Health Department to establish an Afghan coalition, do a community health assessment and plan culture/language appropriate health education. We describe attempts to balance the contract expectations with the cultural/political realities of the Afghan community, e.g., the dilemma of empowering people who refuse to take pow…
From “Fly on the Wall” to Community Participant
Because of the trauma and losses that refugees have faced, refugee research presents special difficulties. As researchers, we interview and work with people who may have been tortured or had family members tortured; who have lost family members, some of whom may have disappeared in the night, never to be seen again; whose flight placed them in physical danger from planes strafing the escape route, or from robbers, thieves, and rapists attacking t…
Challenges of Refugee Research, Assistance, and Advocacy
The work of anthropologists has never been isolated from larger, often global events, including disasters such as war, economic collapse, and environmental destruction. All of us have to cope with the knowledge that people we care about from our days in the field may end up living in a war zone or may be uprooted because of famine or political unrest. Many of us who work with refugees today never intended to do so; when our "people" became refuge…
Health issues among Afghan women in California
Afghan refugee women are part of the largest refugee population in the world. In the United States, they deal with loss of family members, property, and status and cultural, familial, religious, role, and generational conflict in making the transition from a traditional patriarchal society to a more egalitarian postindustrial society. Findings from a San Francisco Bay Area Afghan community health assessment conducted from 1992 to 1993 are present…
Assessing Arab-American health care needs
Daily Stressors, War Experiences, and Mental Health in Afghanistan
Working in Afghanistan's capital city of Kabul, the authors assessed the relative contribution of daily stressors and war-related experiences of violence and loss to levels of depression, PTSD, impaired functioning, and a culturally specific measure of general psychological distress. For women, daily stressors were a better predictor than war experiences of all mental health outcomes except for PTSD; for men, daily stressors were a better predict…
The Global Context of Vaccine Refusal
Many of medical anthropology's most pressing research questions require an understanding how infections, money, and ideas move around the globe. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is a $9 billion project that has delivered 20 billion doses of oral polio vaccine in campaigns across the world. With its array of global activities, it cannot be comprehensively explored by the traditional anthropological method of research at one field sit…
Assessing Arab-American health care needs
The Validity and Clinical Utility of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Afghanistan
This study examined the validity and utility of PTSD among 320 adults in Afghanistan. Findings support the validity of PTSD in this cultural context: PTSD symptoms were highly prevalent, shared common variance, and correlated as expected with exposure to traumatic stress. However, only limited support was found for the clinical utility of PTSD. Other types of psychiatric symptomatology, including depression and a culturally specific measure of ge…
Per Diems in Polio Eradication
Nearly all global health initiatives give per diems to community health workers (CHWs) in poor countries for short-term work on disease-specific programs. We interviewed CHWs, supervisors, and high-level officials (n = 95) in 6 study sites across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia in early 2012 about the per diems given to them by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. These per diems for CHWs ranged from $1.50 to $2.40 per day. International of…
Living and Working in a War Zone
This paper is a discussion of action anthropology as it has unfolded for me in Afghanistan from 1998 to 2008 and highlights examples from the field between December 2001 and December 2008. Through examples of my work as an applied anthropologist in Afghanistan I will show how the role of the anthropologist must be kept separate from any armed actors in the field in order to maintain ethical integrity, standards for proper research and the safety …
Assessing Arab-American health care needs
Health issues among Afghan women in California
Afghan refugee women are part of the largest refugee population in the world. In the United States, they deal with loss of family members, property, and status and cultural, familial, religious, role, and generational conflict in making the transition from a traditional patriarchal society to a more egalitarian postindustrial society. Findings from a San Francisco Bay Area Afghan community health assessment conducted from 1992 to 1993 are present…
Ethnic Coalitions and Public Health
Working with ethnic coalitions is new in public health. The Afghan Health Education Project was funded by the California State Health Department to establish an Afghan coalition, do a community health assessment and plan culture/language appropriate health education. We describe attempts to balance the contract expectations with the cultural/political realities of the Afghan community, e.g., the dilemma of empowering people who refuse to take pow…
From “Fly on the Wall” to Community Participant
Because of the trauma and losses that refugees have faced, refugee research presents special difficulties. As researchers, we interview and work with people who may have been tortured or had family members tortured; who have lost family members, some of whom may have disappeared in the night, never to be seen again; whose flight placed them in physical danger from planes strafing the escape route, or from robbers, thieves, and rapists attacking t…
Challenges of Refugee Research, Assistance, and Advocacy
The work of anthropologists has never been isolated from larger, often global events, including disasters such as war, economic collapse, and environmental destruction. All of us have to cope with the knowledge that people we care about from our days in the field may end up living in a war zone or may be uprooted because of famine or political unrest. Many of us who work with refugees today never intended to do so; when our "people" became refuge…
Aging and Family in an Afghan Refugee Community
General Anthropology Division
General Anthropology Division
The Afghan Symptom Checklist
This article describes a methodology for developing culturally grounded assessment measures in conflict and postconflict situations. A mixed-method design was used in Kabul, Afghanistan, to identify local indicators of distress and develop the 22-item Afghan Symptom Checklist (ASCL). The ASCL contains several indigenous items and items familiar to Western mental health professionals. The ASCL was pilot tested and subsequently administered to 324 …
Daily Stressors, War Experiences, and Mental Health in Afghanistan
Working in Afghanistan's capital city of Kabul, the authors assessed the relative contribution of daily stressors and war-related experiences of violence and loss to levels of depression, PTSD, impaired functioning, and a culturally specific measure of general psychological distress. For women, daily stressors were a better predictor than war experiences of all mental health outcomes except for PTSD; for men, daily stressors were a better predict…
Living and Working in a War Zone
This paper is a discussion of action anthropology as it has unfolded for me in Afghanistan from 1998 to 2008 and highlights examples from the field between December 2001 and December 2008. Through examples of my work as an applied anthropologist in Afghanistan I will show how the role of the anthropologist must be kept separate from any armed actors in the field in order to maintain ethical integrity, standards for proper research and the safety …
The Validity and Clinical Utility of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Afghanistan
This study examined the validity and utility of PTSD among 320 adults in Afghanistan. Findings support the validity of PTSD in this cultural context: PTSD symptoms were highly prevalent, shared common variance, and correlated as expected with exposure to traumatic stress. However, only limited support was found for the clinical utility of PTSD. Other types of psychiatric symptomatology, including depression and a culturally specific measure of ge…
Community-Centered Responses to Ebola in Urban Liberia
BACKGROUND: The West African Ebola epidemic has demonstrated that the existing range of medical and epidemiological responses to emerging disease outbreaks is insufficient, especially in post-conflict contexts with exceedingly poor healthcare infrastructures. In this context, community-based responses have proven vital for containing Ebola virus disease (EVD) and shifting the epidemic curve. Despite a surge in interest in local innovations that e…
The Global Context of Vaccine Refusal
Many of medical anthropology's most pressing research questions require an understanding how infections, money, and ideas move around the globe. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) is a $9 billion project that has delivered 20 billion doses of oral polio vaccine in campaigns across the world. With its array of global activities, it cannot be comprehensively explored by the traditional anthropological method of research at one field sit…
Community-based reports of morbidity, mortality, and health-seeking behaviours in four Monrovia communities during the West African Ebola epidemic
The goal of this study was to assess morbidity, mortality, and health-seeking behaviours during the 2014 Ebola outbreak in Monrovia, Liberia. This study examined commonly reported symptoms of illness, pre-clinical diagnostic practices, typical healthcare-seeking strategies, and health resources available to populations, in order to identify salient needs and gaps in healthcare that would inform local emergency response efforts. Semi-structured in…
Per Diems in Polio Eradication
Nearly all global health initiatives give per diems to community health workers (CHWs) in poor countries for short-term work on disease-specific programs. We interviewed CHWs, supervisors, and high-level officials (n = 95) in 6 study sites across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia in early 2012 about the per diems given to them by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative. These per diems for CHWs ranged from $1.50 to $2.40 per day. International of…
Positive Deviance
Positive deviance (PD) is a research and program development method designed to solve difficult and seemingly unresolvable problems at the local level. Its basic assumption is that one or more persons in the affected community will have already found a solution to that vexing problem. As a participatory approach, it recognizes that those who are impacted by the problem have a stake in how that problem is solved and must be enlisted in the search …
Sociology (11 obras) · Medicine (9 obras) · Political science (9 obras) · Law (6 obras) · Migration, Health and Trauma (6 obras) · Afghan (5 obras) · Economic growth (5 obras) · Health care (5 obras) · Psychiatry (5 obras) · Psychology (5 obras)