Norman Loayza

Biographic Data

ID2391261
NAMENorman Loayza
GIVEN NAMESNorman
FAMILY NAMELoayza
SIGNATURELOAYZA N
AFFILIATIONSWorld Bank
VERIFIEDNo
TOTAL WORKS29
TOTAL CITATIONS217
AUTHOR COUNT28
EDITOR COUNT1
FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR1996
LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR2025
H-INDEX7

  • Oil revenues and labor market reforms

    Open AccessMarkus Brueckner, Gabriele Ciminelli et al.ARTICLEWorld Development2025References: 6

  • Productivity loss and misallocation of resources in Southeast Asia

    Francesca de Nicola, Norman Loayza et al.ARTICLEJournal of the Asia Pacific Economy2023References: 1

    This article examines within-sector resource misallocation in three Southeast Asian countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The methodology accounts for measurement error in revenues and costs. The firm-level evidence suggests that measurement error is substantial, resulting in an overestimation of misallocation by as much as 30%. Nevertheless, resource misallocation across firms within a sector remains large, albeit declining. The findings i…

  • Growth in Syria

    Sharmila Devadas, Ibrahim Elbadawi et al.ARTICLEMiddle East Development Journal2021

    This paper addresses three questions: (1) what would have been the growth and income trajectory of Syria in the absence of war; (2) given the war, what explains the reduction in economic growth; and (3) what potential growth scenarios for Syria there could be in the aftermath of war. Conflict impact estimates point to negative GDP growth of −12% on average over 2011–2018, with output contracting to about one-third of the 2010 level. In post-confl…

  • Links between Growth, Inequality, and Poverty

    Open AccessValerie Cerra, Ruy Lama et al.BOOK2021

    Is there a trade-off between raising growth and reducing inequality and poverty? This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical literature on the complex links between growth, inequality, and poverty, with causation going in both directions. The evidence suggests that growth can be effective in reducing poverty, but its impact on inequality is ambiguous and depends on the underlying sources of growth. The impact of poverty and inequality on gro…

  • The Fight against Corruption

    Open AccessLay Lian Chuah, Norman Loayza et al.BOOK2020

    Corruption robs the public of precious resources, distorts the incentives to engage in productive activities, destroys confidence in public institutions, and spurs political instability. It disproportionately harms the poor and vulnerable. In turn, corruption is the result of perverse incentives, concentration of power, and lack of accountability. Countries are not condemned to suffer from corruption. They can break the vicious cycle with a compr…

  • The Local Impact of Mining on Poverty and Inequality

    Open AccessNorman Loayza, Jamele RigoliniARTICLEWorld Development2016Cited by: 32References: 9

  • The Impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on the Amount and Type of Child Labor

    Open AccessXimena V Del Carpio, Norman Loayza et al.ARTICLEWorld Development2015Cited by: 11References: 7

  • The Growth Aftermath of Natural Disasters

    Open AccessThomas B Fomby, Thomas Fomby et al.ARTICLEJournal of Applied Econometrics2013

    This paper traces the yearly response of gross domestic product growth—both aggregated and disaggregated into its agricultural and non‐agricultural components—to four types of natural disasters: droughts, floods, earthquakes, and storms. The paper uses a methodological approach based on pooling the experiences of various countries over time. It consists of vector autoregressions in the presence of endogenous variables and exogenous shocks (VARX),…

  • Do Middle Classes Bring Institutional Reforms

    Open AccessNorman Loayza, Jamele Rigolini et al.BOOK2012

    The paper examines the link between poverty, the middle class and institutional outcomes using a new cross-country panel dataset on the distribution of income and expenditure. It uses an econometric methodology to gauge whether a larger middle class has a causal effect on policy and institutional outcomes in three areas: social policy in health and education, market-oriented economic structure and quality of governance. The analysis find that whe…

  • Natural Disasters and Growth

    Open AccessNorman Loayza, Norman V Loayza et al.ARTICLEWorld Development2012Cited by: 37References: 9

  • Informal Employment

    Open AccessNorman Loayza, Norman V Loayza et al.ARTICLEWorld Development2011Cited by: 29References: 8

  • Innocent Bystanders

    Philip Keefer, Norman LoayzaBOOKInnocent bystanders2010

    Drug use and abuse is one of the most difficult challenges facing the contemporary world. If it is true that there has always been consumption of different types of drugs in different societies, although not in all of them, it is no less true that it generally took place in restricted, socially regulated realms, especially in ritualistic ceremonies. This is not the case today. Drug use has spread to all segments of society, with hedonistic motiva…

  • The Growth Aftermath Of Natural Disasters

    Open AccessThomas B Fomby, Thomas Fomby et al.BOOK2009

    This paper provides a description of the macroeconomic aftermath of natural disasters. It traces the yearly response of gross domestic product growth - both aggregated and disaggregated into its agricultural and non-agricultural components - to four types of natural disasters - droughts, floods, earthquakes, and storms. The paper uses a methodological approach based on pooling the experiences of various countries over time. It consists of vector …

  • Natural Disasters And Growth - Going Beyond The Averages

    Norman Loayza, Eduardo Olaberría et al.BOOK2009

    There has been a steady increase in the \n occurrence of natural disasters. Yet their effect on \n economic growth remains unclear, with some studies reporting \n negative, and others indicating no, or even positive \n effects. These seemingly contradictory findings can be \n reconciled by exploring the effects of natural disasters on \n growth separately by disaster and economic sector. This is \n consistent with the insights from traditional mo…

  • The composition of growth matters for poverty alleviation

    Open AccessNorman Loayza, Norman V Loayza et al.ARTICLEJournal of Development Economics2009Cited by: 35References: 2

  • Terrorism, Economic Development, and Political Openness

    Open AccessTod Sandler, Todd Sandler et al.BOOKTerrorism, Economic Development,…2008

    To what extent are terrorism and development related? What are the relative weights of the economic, political, and social aspects of development? What is the development impact of different responses to terrorism? This volume addresses these crucial questions, synthesizing what we know about the development links with terrorism and pointing out what we do not. Contributors to this volume examine the economic and fiscal costs of terrorism and the…

  • The Development Impact Of The Illegality Of Drug Trade

    Philip Keefer, Norman Loayza et al.BOOK2008

    This paper reviews the unintended \n consequences of the war on drugs, particularly for \n developing countries, and weighs them against the evidence \n regarding the efficacy of prohibition to curb drug use and \n trade. It reviews the available evidence and presents new \n results that indicate that prohibition has limited effects \n on drug prevalence and prices, most likely indicating a \n combination of inelastic drug demand (due to its addi…

  • Openness can be good for growth

    Open AccessRoberto Chang, Linda Kaltani et al.ARTICLEJournal of Development Economics2008Cited by: 29References: 3

  • Accountability and Corruption

    Open AccessDaniel Lederman, Norman Loayza et al.ARTICLEEconomics and Politics2005

    This study uses a cross-country panel to examine the determinants of corruption, paying particular attention to political institutions that increase accountability. Even though the theoretical literature has stressed the importance of political institutions in determining corruption, the empirical literature is relatively scarce. Our results confirm the role of political institutions in determining the prevalence of corruption. Democracies, parli…

  • Regulation and Macroeconomic Performance

    Norman Loayza, Norman V Loayza et al.BOOK2004

    "Regulation is purportedly enacted to serve specific social purposes. In reality, however, it follows a more complex political economy process, where legitimate social goals are mixed with the objectives of particular interest groups. Whatever its justification and objectives, regulation can have potentially significant macroeconomic consequences by helping or hampering the dynamics of economic restructuring and resource reallocation that underli…

  • Slow recoveries

    Open AccessRaphael Bergoeing, Norman Loayza et al.ARTICLEJournal of Development Economics2004References: 1

  • Inequality and Violent Crime

    Pablo Fajnzylber, Daniel Lederman et al.ARTICLEThe Journal of Law and Economics2002

    In this article we take an empirical cross-country perspective to investigate the robustness and causality of the link between income inequality and crime rates. First, we study the correlation between the Gini index and, respectively, homicide and robbery rates along different dimensions of the data (within and between countries). Second, we examine the inequality-crime link when other potential crime determinants are controlled for. Third, we c…

  • What causes violent crime

    Open AccessPablo Fajnzylber, Daniel Lederman et al.ARTICLEEuropean Economic Review2002

  • Violent Crime

    Daniel Lederman, Norman Loayza et al.ARTICLEEconomic Development and Cultural…2002Cited by: 44References: 20

  • Accountability and Corruption

    Norman Loayza, Daniel Lederman et al.BOOK2001

    The results of a cross-country empirical analysis suggests that political institutions are extremely important in determining the prevalence of corruption: democracy, parliamentary systems, political stability, and freedom of the press are all associated with lower corruption