Neil Brewer
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 242435 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Neil Brewer |
| NOMBRES | Neil |
| APELLIDO | Brewer |
| FIRMA | BREWER N |
| AFILIACIONES | Flinders University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3465-9244 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 18 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1985 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Detecting criminal intent in social interactions
OBJECTIVE: Defense attorneys sometimes suggest that social-cognitive difficulties render autistic individuals vulnerable to involvement in crime, often arguing that theory of mind (ToM) difficulties that undermine inferences about others' intentions underpin this vulnerability. We examined autistic adults' ability to respond adaptively to criminal intent during interactions and whether difficulties were associated with poor ToM. HYPOTHESES: Compa…
Could precise and replicable manipulations of suspect-filler similarity optimize eyewitness identification performance
We tested the relationship between suspect-filler similarity and identification outcomes using stimuli developed with a combination of face matching and morphing software that could potentially be used by police investigators to standardize lineup composition. A group of fillers selected to be as low in similarity to the suspect as possible, while still matching a basic perpetrator description, were morphed to the suspects. Participants viewed li…
Countering Biased Judgments of Individuals Who Display Autism-Characteristic Behavior in Forensic Settings
According to expectancy violations theory, displays of behavior considered “unusual” during an interaction will trigger scrutiny of an individual. Such scrutiny may be detrimental in forensic contexts, where deception detection is emphasized. Autistic individuals, in particular, may be scrutinized unfavorably given unusual nonverbal behavior associated with the condition. Across two experiments using between-subjects’ designs, participants (overa…
Eyewitness identifications of multiple culprits
Eyewitnesses to multiple-culprit crimes are often asked to try to identify the culprits from differentlineups during a police investigation. In 2 experiments (N = 557), we show that disconfirming feedbackafter an identification attempt for 1 culprit can impair identification performance on a subsequent lineupfor a different culprit. In each experiment, witnesses viewed a simulated, 2-culprit crime, followed by 2police lineups: A culprit-absent li…
Eyewitness identification
Current guidelines for selecting lineup fillers are imprecise. Consequently, filler characteristics likelyvary widely across lineups, potentially affecting identification decisions in important but unexplainedways. We report 2 experiments investigating the impact of 1 source of variation, the number of relativelyhigh versus low similarity match-description fillers, on identification outcomes. Identifications followinga retention interval of a few…
Cowitness identification speed affects choices from target-absent photospreads
OBJECTIVE: Three studies examined the influence of a witness's identification speed on the identification decision of another witness. HYPOTHESES: Based on research documenting cowitness effects we expected cowitness speed to affect identification decisions from target-absent photospreads. Without prior research testing the effects of cowitness speed, we did not have a specific prediction regarding how fast (vs. slow) cowitness identification dec…
Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence
OBJECTIVE: The Executive Committee of the American Psychology-Law Society (Division 41 of the American Psychological Association) appointed a subcommittee to update the influential 1998 scientific review paper on guidelines for eyewitness identification procedures. METHOD: This was a collaborative effort by six senior eyewitness researchers, who all participated in the writing process. Feedback from members of AP-LS and the legal communities was …
Police lineups of the future
Problems associated with eyewitness identification decisions have long been highlighted by memory researchers (e.g., Loftus, 1979), with overwhelming evidence that witnesses can err, sometimes with disastrous consequences. Guided by the rationale that witnesses have access to potentially probative memorial information not captured by the traditional categorical lineup responses, an alternative procedure was examined in 6 experiments with adult (N…
Pitfalls in using eyewitness confidence to diagnose the accuracy of an individual identification decision
Recently, a number of authors have made strong claims about the likely very high accuracy of identifications made with very high levels of confidence when identification testing conditions are pristine. We argue that although these strong claims about the confidence–accuracy relation are justifiable at the aggregate level, they may be misleading when attempting to evaluate the accuracy of an individual identification. First, we consider the recen…
The effects of allowing a second sequential lineup lap on choosing and probative value
When presented with a sequential lineup, witnesses see each member of the lineup individually, essentially making a yes/no decision for each person shown. An important policy question is whether witnesses should be allowed to see an additional lap of a sequential lineup. We investigated the impact of a second lap on eyewitness decision making and on the probative value of suspect identifications. We recruited a large community sample of participa…
Attention Bias for Threatening Information in Children Following a Distressing Medical Procedure
Attention bias is common in adults with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but is less studied in children. Children (n = 22) who experienced a potentially distressing procedure in an outpatient clinic (removal of K‐wires from orthopaedic fractures) and a group of medically unwell children (illness group; n = 27) were compared with healthy controls (n = 32). Children's baseline level of PTS symptoms were indexed prior to the medical procedure,…
Psychology and Policing
Contents: Foreword. Preface. Part I: Psychology and Operational Policing. C. Wilson, H. Braithwaite, Police Patroling, Resistance, and Conflict Resolution. B. Fildes, Driver Behavior and Road Safety. M.R. Gottfredson, M. Polakowski, Determinants and Prevention of Criminal Behavior. R.P. Fisher, M.R. McCauley, Information Retrieval: Interviewing Witnesses. N.W. Bond, K.M. McConkey, Information Retrieval: Reconstructing Faces. D.M. Thomson, Eyewitn…
Memory conformity for confidently recognized items
The dynamics of threat and challenge appraisals prior to stressful achievement events
Psychological Variables Associated with the Household Work of Girls and Boys in Early Adolescence
Examined in this study were a number of psychological variables associated with the self-reported performance of household work in a sample of White Australian boys and girls in early adolescence. The research was informed by a gendered view of household work. It was hypothesized that individual differences for girls', more than for boys', performance of household work would be related to a number of intraindividual and interindividual psychologi…
One- and two-person patrols
The incidence of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability
The extent of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability was compared to the nondisabled population. The results indicated significantly higher levels of victimisation in regard to both personal and property offences. Victimisation rates varied between organisations that provided services to individuals with different levels of disability. The mildly-moderately disabled clients of one organisation were particularly susc…
Social Acceptance of Mentally Retarded Children in Regular Schools in Relation to Years Mainstreamed
This study examined whether the social status of mainstreamed retarded children among their nonretarded peers improved as a consequence of extended contact. A sociometric questionnaire was administered to the nonretarded classmates of two groups of retarded children mainstreamed for an average of 1.7 yr. and 4 yr., respectively. Social acceptance of retarded children was low relative to their nonretarded peers. However, in contrast with previous …
Age and individual differences in correct and error reaction times
Rabbitt (1979, 1981) has argued that the slowing of choice RT performance with old age reflects less sensitive control over speed of responding. Based on the finding that old subjects' errors were as fast as young subjects', whereas their correct responses were much slower, Rabbitt suggested that old subjects often overshoot when trying to increase or reduce response speed. Data collected from a different serial, four‐choice RT task in this exper…
The dynamics of threat and challenge appraisals prior to stressful achievement events
The incidence of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability
The extent of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability was compared to the nondisabled population. The results indicated significantly higher levels of victimisation in regard to both personal and property offences. Victimisation rates varied between organisations that provided services to individuals with different levels of disability. The mildly-moderately disabled clients of one organisation were particularly susc…
Pitfalls in using eyewitness confidence to diagnose the accuracy of an individual identification decision
Recently, a number of authors have made strong claims about the likely very high accuracy of identifications made with very high levels of confidence when identification testing conditions are pristine. We argue that although these strong claims about the confidence–accuracy relation are justifiable at the aggregate level, they may be misleading when attempting to evaluate the accuracy of an individual identification. First, we consider the recen…
Could precise and replicable manipulations of suspect-filler similarity optimize eyewitness identification performance
We tested the relationship between suspect-filler similarity and identification outcomes using stimuli developed with a combination of face matching and morphing software that could potentially be used by police investigators to standardize lineup composition. A group of fillers selected to be as low in similarity to the suspect as possible, while still matching a basic perpetrator description, were morphed to the suspects. Participants viewed li…
Eyewitness identification
Current guidelines for selecting lineup fillers are imprecise. Consequently, filler characteristics likelyvary widely across lineups, potentially affecting identification decisions in important but unexplainedways. We report 2 experiments investigating the impact of 1 source of variation, the number of relativelyhigh versus low similarity match-description fillers, on identification outcomes. Identifications followinga retention interval of a few…
Psychological Variables Associated with the Household Work of Girls and Boys in Early Adolescence
Examined in this study were a number of psychological variables associated with the self-reported performance of household work in a sample of White Australian boys and girls in early adolescence. The research was informed by a gendered view of household work. It was hypothesized that individual differences for girls', more than for boys', performance of household work would be related to a number of intraindividual and interindividual psychologi…
Age and individual differences in correct and error reaction times
Rabbitt (1979, 1981) has argued that the slowing of choice RT performance with old age reflects less sensitive control over speed of responding. Based on the finding that old subjects' errors were as fast as young subjects', whereas their correct responses were much slower, Rabbitt suggested that old subjects often overshoot when trying to increase or reduce response speed. Data collected from a different serial, four‐choice RT task in this exper…
Social Acceptance of Mentally Retarded Children in Regular Schools in Relation to Years Mainstreamed
This study examined whether the social status of mainstreamed retarded children among their nonretarded peers improved as a consequence of extended contact. A sociometric questionnaire was administered to the nonretarded classmates of two groups of retarded children mainstreamed for an average of 1.7 yr. and 4 yr., respectively. Social acceptance of retarded children was low relative to their nonretarded peers. However, in contrast with previous …
One- and two-person patrols
The incidence of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability
The extent of criminal victimisation of individuals with an intellectual disability was compared to the nondisabled population. The results indicated significantly higher levels of victimisation in regard to both personal and property offences. Victimisation rates varied between organisations that provided services to individuals with different levels of disability. The mildly-moderately disabled clients of one organisation were particularly susc…
Psychological Variables Associated with the Household Work of Girls and Boys in Early Adolescence
Examined in this study were a number of psychological variables associated with the self-reported performance of household work in a sample of White Australian boys and girls in early adolescence. The research was informed by a gendered view of household work. It was hypothesized that individual differences for girls', more than for boys', performance of household work would be related to a number of intraindividual and interindividual psychologi…
The dynamics of threat and challenge appraisals prior to stressful achievement events
Memory conformity for confidently recognized items
Psychology and Policing
Contents: Foreword. Preface. Part I: Psychology and Operational Policing. C. Wilson, H. Braithwaite, Police Patroling, Resistance, and Conflict Resolution. B. Fildes, Driver Behavior and Road Safety. M.R. Gottfredson, M. Polakowski, Determinants and Prevention of Criminal Behavior. R.P. Fisher, M.R. McCauley, Information Retrieval: Interviewing Witnesses. N.W. Bond, K.M. McConkey, Information Retrieval: Reconstructing Faces. D.M. Thomson, Eyewitn…
Attention Bias for Threatening Information in Children Following a Distressing Medical Procedure
Attention bias is common in adults with post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but is less studied in children. Children (n = 22) who experienced a potentially distressing procedure in an outpatient clinic (removal of K‐wires from orthopaedic fractures) and a group of medically unwell children (illness group; n = 27) were compared with healthy controls (n = 32). Children's baseline level of PTS symptoms were indexed prior to the medical procedure,…
The effects of allowing a second sequential lineup lap on choosing and probative value
When presented with a sequential lineup, witnesses see each member of the lineup individually, essentially making a yes/no decision for each person shown. An important policy question is whether witnesses should be allowed to see an additional lap of a sequential lineup. We investigated the impact of a second lap on eyewitness decision making and on the probative value of suspect identifications. We recruited a large community sample of participa…
Police lineups of the future
Problems associated with eyewitness identification decisions have long been highlighted by memory researchers (e.g., Loftus, 1979), with overwhelming evidence that witnesses can err, sometimes with disastrous consequences. Guided by the rationale that witnesses have access to potentially probative memorial information not captured by the traditional categorical lineup responses, an alternative procedure was examined in 6 experiments with adult (N…
Pitfalls in using eyewitness confidence to diagnose the accuracy of an individual identification decision
Recently, a number of authors have made strong claims about the likely very high accuracy of identifications made with very high levels of confidence when identification testing conditions are pristine. We argue that although these strong claims about the confidence–accuracy relation are justifiable at the aggregate level, they may be misleading when attempting to evaluate the accuracy of an individual identification. First, we consider the recen…
Cowitness identification speed affects choices from target-absent photospreads
OBJECTIVE: Three studies examined the influence of a witness's identification speed on the identification decision of another witness. HYPOTHESES: Based on research documenting cowitness effects we expected cowitness speed to affect identification decisions from target-absent photospreads. Without prior research testing the effects of cowitness speed, we did not have a specific prediction regarding how fast (vs. slow) cowitness identification dec…
Policy and procedure recommendations for the collection and preservation of eyewitness identification evidence
OBJECTIVE: The Executive Committee of the American Psychology-Law Society (Division 41 of the American Psychological Association) appointed a subcommittee to update the influential 1998 scientific review paper on guidelines for eyewitness identification procedures. METHOD: This was a collaborative effort by six senior eyewitness researchers, who all participated in the writing process. Feedback from members of AP-LS and the legal communities was …
Countering Biased Judgments of Individuals Who Display Autism-Characteristic Behavior in Forensic Settings
According to expectancy violations theory, displays of behavior considered “unusual” during an interaction will trigger scrutiny of an individual. Such scrutiny may be detrimental in forensic contexts, where deception detection is emphasized. Autistic individuals, in particular, may be scrutinized unfavorably given unusual nonverbal behavior associated with the condition. Across two experiments using between-subjects’ designs, participants (overa…
Eyewitness identifications of multiple culprits
Eyewitnesses to multiple-culprit crimes are often asked to try to identify the culprits from differentlineups during a police investigation. In 2 experiments (N = 557), we show that disconfirming feedbackafter an identification attempt for 1 culprit can impair identification performance on a subsequent lineupfor a different culprit. In each experiment, witnesses viewed a simulated, 2-culprit crime, followed by 2police lineups: A culprit-absent li…
Eyewitness identification
Current guidelines for selecting lineup fillers are imprecise. Consequently, filler characteristics likelyvary widely across lineups, potentially affecting identification decisions in important but unexplainedways. We report 2 experiments investigating the impact of 1 source of variation, the number of relativelyhigh versus low similarity match-description fillers, on identification outcomes. Identifications followinga retention interval of a few…
Could precise and replicable manipulations of suspect-filler similarity optimize eyewitness identification performance
We tested the relationship between suspect-filler similarity and identification outcomes using stimuli developed with a combination of face matching and morphing software that could potentially be used by police investigators to standardize lineup composition. A group of fillers selected to be as low in similarity to the suspect as possible, while still matching a basic perpetrator description, were morphed to the suspects. Participants viewed li…
Detecting criminal intent in social interactions
OBJECTIVE: Defense attorneys sometimes suggest that social-cognitive difficulties render autistic individuals vulnerable to involvement in crime, often arguing that theory of mind (ToM) difficulties that undermine inferences about others' intentions underpin this vulnerability. We examined autistic adults' ability to respond adaptively to criminal intent during interactions and whether difficulties were associated with poor ToM. HYPOTHESES: Compa…
Psychology (17 obras) · Social Psychology (10 obras) · Memory Processes and Influences (9 obras) · Computer Science (7 obras) · Deception detection and forensic psychology (7 obras) · Developmental psychology (7 obras) · Cognitive psychology (5 obras) · Criminology (5 obras) · Data mining (5 obras) · Eyewitness identification (5 obras)