Sebastian Klüsener
Biographic Data
| ID | 243091 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sebastian Klüsener |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sebastian |
| FAMILY NAME | Klüsener |
| SIGNATURE | KLÜSENER S |
| AFFILIATIONS | Vytautas Magnus University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0436-3565 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 31 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 217 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 31 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2012 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
For Whom Does Place Matter? Regional Variation in the SES-Mortality Gradient Among Retired Men in Germany
There is mounting evidence in Germany of significant mortality inequalities associated with socioeconomic status (SES). This issue holds considerable relevance for social policy debates. However, there is a paucity of research regarding how SES-mortality inequalities differ across German regions and between urban and rural areas. This is surprising, given that existing studies suggest that SES-mortality disparities can vary systematically based o…
Trends in Working Life Expectancy and Untapped Employment Potential in an Ageing Population: The Case of Germany
The population of Germany is ageing rapidly. As a result, the country's working age population is expected to shrink substantially over the next 15 years. To cope with this challenge, a number of policy reforms have been introduced to activate untapped employment potential and increase the length of working life. However, little is known to what extent employment potentials have already been realised, and what differences exist between socio-econ…
Is Germany experiencing urban or suburban growth? Contrasting long-standing and novel urban gradient classifications
Subjektiv eingeschätzte Lebensdauer im Kontext sozialer Sicherung
Deutschlands Sozialsysteme stehen aufgrund des Alterungsprozesses der Bevölkerung vor großen Herausforderungen. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der in Deutschland bisher wenig diskutierten Frage, welche Rolle dabei systematische subjektive Unter- bzw. Überschätzungen der verbleibenden Lebenszeit spielen können. Hierfür diskutieren wir konzeptionelle und methodologische Aspekte, geben einen Überblick über den internationalen Forschungsstand un…
Economic Conditions, Education and Parity‐Specific Fertility: A Sub‐National Regional Study Across 15 Countries in Europe
There is a longstanding interest in the link between economic conditions and fertility levels. Most research measuring economic development has focused on national‐level patterns and period total fertility levels. We aim to extend existing knowledge by carrying out a sub‐national regional analysis of the link between economic conditions and parity‐specific cohort fertility, while taking into account heterogeneity by educational level. We study th…
Spatial disparities in cause-specific mortality in Ukraine: A district-level analysis, 2006-19
Turbulent socio-economic development, recent political challenges, and remarkable regional diversity with deep historical roots make Ukraine an important case study for understanding mortality trends in Eastern Europe. In this paper, we provide the first comprehensive, spatially detailed analysis of cause-specific mortality trends and patterns in Ukraine, focusing on the period 2006-19. We rely on official mortality data and use various demograph…
Urban–Rural Disparities in the Transition to Parenthood During Times of Uncertainty: A Multilevel Perspective on Finland
Over the last 15 years, many European countries have experienced fertility declines. Existing research on this shift in fertility behavior points to economic aspects and increased levels of uncertainty as important drivers. However, in this debate little attention has been paid to how the relevance of individual- and contextual-level dimensions for understanding the new fertility patterns varies by level of urbanization. This is surprising given …
The Extension of Late Working Life in Germany: Trends, Inequalities, and the East–West Divide
The extension of late working life has been proposed as a potential remedy for the challenges of aging societies. For Germany, surprisingly little is known about trends and social inequalities in the length of late working life. We use data from the German Microcensus to estimate working life expectancy from age 55 onward for the 1941‒1955 birth cohorts. We adjust our calculations of working life expectancy for working hours and present results f…
Shifting Parental Age Differences in High-Income Countries: Insights and Implications
Age differences within couples are of considerable importance for the power relations between partners. These age differences become particularly relevant when couples transition to having a(nother) child, as such an event often results in a renegotiation of the gendered division of labor. Surprisingly, the literature on female empowerment and fertility postponement has so far paid little attention to parental age differences. This paper makes us…
Male–Female Fertility Differentials Across 17 High-Income Countries: Insights From A New Data Resource
Obtaining cross-country comparative perspectives on male fertility has long been difficult, as male fertility is usually less well registered than female fertility. Recent methodological advancements in imputing missing paternal ages at childbirth enable us to provide a new database on male fertility. This new resource covers more than 330 million live births and is based on a consistent and well-tested set of methods. These methods allow us to h…
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
Spatial patterns of male alcohol‐related mortality in Belarus, Lithuania, Poland and Russia
Shifting links in the relationship between education and fertility
For a long time, high‐income countries tended to report a negative association between female educational attainment and childbearing. Belgium was among the first countries that seemed to witness the emergence of a positive educational gradient in female fertility. It has been argued that—alongside other contextual correlates—this trend reflects the increasing availability of work–family reconciliation policies from which especially highly educat…
Spatial variation in fertility across Europe: Patterns and determinants
This study investigates spatial variation in fertility in Europe. We analyse spatial variation in total fertility rates using small‐scale geographical data from 21 European countries for 2010 and investigate the role economic, sociocultural, and spatial factors play in regional fertility levels. We compare the performance of conventional ordinary least squares regression and multilevel modelling with that of different spatial regression models an…
Is a Positive Relationship Between Fertility and Economic Development Emerging at the Sub-National Regional Level? Theoretical Considerations and Evidence from Europe
Evidence for nation-states suggests that the long-standing negative relationship between fertility and economic development might turn positive at high levels of development. The robustness of the reversal continues to be debated. We add to this discussion from a novel angle by considering whether such a reversal could also occur at the sub-national level within highly developed countries. Our contributions are both theoretical and empirical. We …
Spatial and Social Distance at the Onset of the Fertility Transition: Sweden, 1880–1900
Most studies on the fertility transition have focused either on macro-level trends or on micro-level patterns with limited geographic scope. Much less attention has been given to the interplay between individual characteristics and contextual conditions, including geographic location. Here we investigate the relevance of geography and socioeconomic status for understanding fertility variation in the initial phase of the Swedish fertility transiti…
Estimating men's fertility from vital registration data with missing values
Comparative perspectives on men's fertility are still rare, in part because vital registration data are often missing paternal age information for a substantial number of births. We compare two imputation approaches that attempt to estimate men's age-specific fertility rates and related measures for data in which paternal age information is missing for a non-negligible number of cases. Taking births with paternal age information as a reference, t…
Formation and realisation of moving intentions across the adult life course
Residential and migratory moves are frequently regarded as instruments to attain other life goals. Thus, empirical studies increasingly link moves to other life course events. However, to fully understand moving decisions, it is also necessary to consider prior plans in various life domains, as not all life course plans and potentially related moves are realised. On the basis of representative data for Norway, these aspects are analysed for four …
Adjusting Inter-censal Population Estimates for Germany 1987-2011: Approaches and Impact on Demographic Indicators
To derive reliable demographic indicators, appropriate data on population exposures are needed. Access to such data is becoming increasingly challenging in many countries due to factors such as the growing diversity of international migration patterns and the trend towards replacing full censuses with register-based censuses. Germany represents a particularly challenging case in this respect. Before Germany implemented its first register-based ce…
Why are marriage and family formation increasingly disconnected across Europe? A multilevel perspective on existing theories
Childbearing outside of marriage has increased drastically in recent decades. However, the existing explanations for this development are not coherent. Proponents of the Second Demographic Transition framework view the rise in nonmarital childbearing as part of a pattern of progress driven by processes such as emancipation from traditional social norms, whereas other scholars perceive this trend in the context of a “pattern of disadvantage,” as n…
The Patriarchy Index: A New Measure of Gender and Generational Inequalities in the Past
This article presents a new measure of family-driven age- and gender-related inequalities. This composite measure, which we call the Patriarchy Index, combines a range of variables related to familial behavior that reflect varying degrees of sex- and age-related social inequality across different family settings. We demonstrate the comparative advantages of the index by showing how 266 historical populations from the Atlantic coast of Europe to M…
Spatial variation in non-marital fertility across Europe in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: Recent trends, persistence of the past, and potential future pathways
This article investigates spatiotemporal variation in non-marital fertility across Europe over the last 100 years. In the first 50 years of this period, non-marital fertility was generally declining, reaching very low levels in the mid-twentieth century. But starting in the 1960s, non-marital fertility increased strongly. The main aim of this paper is to investigate to what degree the persistence of the past might be relevant for understanding sp…
Regional Mortality Disparities in Germany: Long-Term Dynamics and Possible Determinants
While regional mortality inequalities in Germany tend to be relatively stable in the short run, over the course of the past century marked changes have occurred in the country's regional mortality patterns. These changes include not only the re-emergence of stark differences between eastern and western Germany after 1970, which have almost disappeared again in the decades after the reunification of Germany in 1990; but also substantial changes in…
The Mass Emigration Context of Lithuania: Patterns and Policy Options
Lithuania represents one of the rare cases in which a state with relatively high standards for maintaining population statistics is experiencing mass emigration. In light of the policy initiatives undertaken by the Lithuanian government to address the issue of emigration, this study aims to improve our understanding of how, in this mass emigration context, emigration events are connected to specific socio‐economic characteristics of individuals a…
A Long‐Standing Demographic East–West Divide in Germany
Over the last 25 years, a large number of studies have looked at the demographic differences between the previously divided eastern and western parts of Germany. The two regions have converged with respect to mortality and overall fertility levels. But in terms of family formation behaviour, differences remain. Non‐marital births are the norm in eastern Germany, whereas they are still the exception in western Germany. Various explanations for the…
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
Family Policies and the Western European Fertility Divide: Insights from a Natural Experiment in Belgium
Countries in Northwestern Europe, including Belgium, report cohort fertility levels of close to two children per woman; whereas Central European countries, such as Germany, have levels of around 1.6 children. In seeking to explain these differences, some scholars have stressed the role of the social policy context, while others have pointed to variation in fertility‐related social norms. But because these influences are interdependent, it is diff…
Spatial Aspects of the Rise of Nonmarital Fertility Across Europe Since 1960: The Role of States and Regions in Shaping Patterns of Change
Spatial Analysis of the Causes of Fertility Decline in Prussia
This article contributes to the geographic analysis of fertility decline in the demographic transition in Europe. We reanalyze Galloway, Hammel, and Lee's (1994) Prussian data with spatial analysis methods. Our multivariate analysis provides evidence of the predictive effect of both economic and cultural variables. Furthermore, even after all of the observable economic, social, and cultural variables have been controlled for, our findings show th…
Why are marriage and family formation increasingly disconnected across Europe? A multilevel perspective on existing theories
Childbearing outside of marriage has increased drastically in recent decades. However, the existing explanations for this development are not coherent. Proponents of the Second Demographic Transition framework view the rise in nonmarital childbearing as part of a pattern of progress driven by processes such as emancipation from traditional social norms, whereas other scholars perceive this trend in the context of a “pattern of disadvantage,” as n…
Male–Female Fertility Differentials Across 17 High-Income Countries: Insights From A New Data Resource
Obtaining cross-country comparative perspectives on male fertility has long been difficult, as male fertility is usually less well registered than female fertility. Recent methodological advancements in imputing missing paternal ages at childbirth enable us to provide a new database on male fertility. This new resource covers more than 330 million live births and is based on a consistent and well-tested set of methods. These methods allow us to h…
Spatial variation in non-marital fertility across Europe in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: Recent trends, persistence of the past, and potential future pathways
This article investigates spatiotemporal variation in non-marital fertility across Europe over the last 100 years. In the first 50 years of this period, non-marital fertility was generally declining, reaching very low levels in the mid-twentieth century. But starting in the 1960s, non-marital fertility increased strongly. The main aim of this paper is to investigate to what degree the persistence of the past might be relevant for understanding sp…
Spatial and Social Distance at the Onset of the Fertility Transition: Sweden, 1880–1900
Most studies on the fertility transition have focused either on macro-level trends or on micro-level patterns with limited geographic scope. Much less attention has been given to the interplay between individual characteristics and contextual conditions, including geographic location. Here we investigate the relevance of geography and socioeconomic status for understanding fertility variation in the initial phase of the Swedish fertility transiti…
A Long‐Standing Demographic East–West Divide in Germany
Over the last 25 years, a large number of studies have looked at the demographic differences between the previously divided eastern and western parts of Germany. The two regions have converged with respect to mortality and overall fertility levels. But in terms of family formation behaviour, differences remain. Non‐marital births are the norm in eastern Germany, whereas they are still the exception in western Germany. Various explanations for the…
Spatial variation in fertility across Europe: Patterns and determinants
This study investigates spatial variation in fertility in Europe. We analyse spatial variation in total fertility rates using small‐scale geographical data from 21 European countries for 2010 and investigate the role economic, sociocultural, and spatial factors play in regional fertility levels. We compare the performance of conventional ordinary least squares regression and multilevel modelling with that of different spatial regression models an…
Formation and realisation of moving intentions across the adult life course
Residential and migratory moves are frequently regarded as instruments to attain other life goals. Thus, empirical studies increasingly link moves to other life course events. However, to fully understand moving decisions, it is also necessary to consider prior plans in various life domains, as not all life course plans and potentially related moves are realised. On the basis of representative data for Norway, these aspects are analysed for four …
The Patriarchy Index: A New Measure of Gender and Generational Inequalities in the Past
This article presents a new measure of family-driven age- and gender-related inequalities. This composite measure, which we call the Patriarchy Index, combines a range of variables related to familial behavior that reflect varying degrees of sex- and age-related social inequality across different family settings. We demonstrate the comparative advantages of the index by showing how 266 historical populations from the Atlantic coast of Europe to M…
Is a Positive Relationship Between Fertility and Economic Development Emerging at the Sub-National Regional Level? Theoretical Considerations and Evidence from Europe
Evidence for nation-states suggests that the long-standing negative relationship between fertility and economic development might turn positive at high levels of development. The robustness of the reversal continues to be debated. We add to this discussion from a novel angle by considering whether such a reversal could also occur at the sub-national level within highly developed countries. Our contributions are both theoretical and empirical. We …
Shifting Parental Age Differences in High-Income Countries: Insights and Implications
Age differences within couples are of considerable importance for the power relations between partners. These age differences become particularly relevant when couples transition to having a(nother) child, as such an event often results in a renegotiation of the gendered division of labor. Surprisingly, the literature on female empowerment and fertility postponement has so far paid little attention to parental age differences. This paper makes us…
Regional Mortality Disparities in Germany: Long-Term Dynamics and Possible Determinants
While regional mortality inequalities in Germany tend to be relatively stable in the short run, over the course of the past century marked changes have occurred in the country's regional mortality patterns. These changes include not only the re-emergence of stark differences between eastern and western Germany after 1970, which have almost disappeared again in the decades after the reunification of Germany in 1990; but also substantial changes in…
The Mass Emigration Context of Lithuania: Patterns and Policy Options
Lithuania represents one of the rare cases in which a state with relatively high standards for maintaining population statistics is experiencing mass emigration. In light of the policy initiatives undertaken by the Lithuanian government to address the issue of emigration, this study aims to improve our understanding of how, in this mass emigration context, emigration events are connected to specific socio‐economic characteristics of individuals a…
Shifting links in the relationship between education and fertility
For a long time, high‐income countries tended to report a negative association between female educational attainment and childbearing. Belgium was among the first countries that seemed to witness the emergence of a positive educational gradient in female fertility. It has been argued that—alongside other contextual correlates—this trend reflects the increasing availability of work–family reconciliation policies from which especially highly educat…
Spatial Variation of Sub-national Fertility Trends in Austria, Germany and Switzerland
Sub-national trends in fertility are of great importance for policy makers and regional planners. This paper aims to provide a theoretical and empirical framework for policy makers, taking into account past and present trends in fertility, as well as their theoretical underpinnings. These will, we argue, be crucial in determining future trajectories and potential political responses to them.The theoretical part of the paper deals with the factors…
Estimating men's fertility from vital registration data with missing values
Comparative perspectives on men's fertility are still rare, in part because vital registration data are often missing paternal age information for a substantial number of births. We compare two imputation approaches that attempt to estimate men's age-specific fertility rates and related measures for data in which paternal age information is missing for a non-negligible number of cases. Taking births with paternal age information as a reference, t…
Adjusting Inter-censal Population Estimates for Germany 1987-2011: Approaches and Impact on Demographic Indicators
To derive reliable demographic indicators, appropriate data on population exposures are needed. Access to such data is becoming increasingly challenging in many countries due to factors such as the growing diversity of international migration patterns and the trend towards replacing full censuses with register-based censuses. Germany represents a particularly challenging case in this respect. Before Germany implemented its first register-based ce…
The East-West Gradient in Spatial Population Development Within Germany: Temporary GDR Legacy Versus Longstanding Spatial Disparities
Since Germany's unification in 1990, the former communist eastern part has experienced substantial out-migration toward western Germany. This article explores whether this is predominantly a temporary phenomenon related to the post-communist transition crisis, or whether longstanding geographic disparities in economic development also play a role. In particular, we are interested in whether long-term trends are shaped by the fact that parts of we…
Variations spatiales des structures de ménage en Allemagne au xix e siècle
L’Allemagne du xix e siècle est un laboratoire particulièrement intéressant pour l’étude des différences démographiques entre régions, et pourtant les structures de la famille à cette époque dans cette partie de l’Europe restent peu explorées. Cet article analyse la variabilité des situations domestiques avec une mesure agrégée de la complexité des ménages fondée sur les statistiques publiées du recensement allemand de 1885. Des méthodes descript…
The Extension of Late Working Life in Germany: Trends, Inequalities, and the East–West Divide
The extension of late working life has been proposed as a potential remedy for the challenges of aging societies. For Germany, surprisingly little is known about trends and social inequalities in the length of late working life. We use data from the German Microcensus to estimate working life expectancy from age 55 onward for the 1941‒1955 birth cohorts. We adjust our calculations of working life expectancy for working hours and present results f…
Spatial Variation of Sub-national Fertility Trends in Austria, Germany and Switzerland
Sub-national trends in fertility are of great importance for policy makers and regional planners. This paper aims to provide a theoretical and empirical framework for policy makers, taking into account past and present trends in fertility, as well as their theoretical underpinnings. These will, we argue, be crucial in determining future trajectories and potential political responses to them.The theoretical part of the paper deals with the factors…
Spatial Aspects of the Rise of Nonmarital Fertility Across Europe Since 1960: The Role of States and Regions in Shaping Patterns of Change
Family Policies and the Western European Fertility Divide: Insights from a Natural Experiment in Belgium
Countries in Northwestern Europe, including Belgium, report cohort fertility levels of close to two children per woman; whereas Central European countries, such as Germany, have levels of around 1.6 children. In seeking to explain these differences, some scholars have stressed the role of the social policy context, while others have pointed to variation in fertility‐related social norms. But because these influences are interdependent, it is diff…
A Long‐Standing Demographic East–West Divide in Germany
Over the last 25 years, a large number of studies have looked at the demographic differences between the previously divided eastern and western parts of Germany. The two regions have converged with respect to mortality and overall fertility levels. But in terms of family formation behaviour, differences remain. Non‐marital births are the norm in eastern Germany, whereas they are still the exception in western Germany. Various explanations for the…
The East-West Gradient in Spatial Population Development Within Germany: Temporary GDR Legacy Versus Longstanding Spatial Disparities
Since Germany's unification in 1990, the former communist eastern part has experienced substantial out-migration toward western Germany. This article explores whether this is predominantly a temporary phenomenon related to the post-communist transition crisis, or whether longstanding geographic disparities in economic development also play a role. In particular, we are interested in whether long-term trends are shaped by the fact that parts of we…
Variations spatiales des structures de ménage en Allemagne au xix e siècle
L’Allemagne du xix e siècle est un laboratoire particulièrement intéressant pour l’étude des différences démographiques entre régions, et pourtant les structures de la famille à cette époque dans cette partie de l’Europe restent peu explorées. Cet article analyse la variabilité des situations domestiques avec une mesure agrégée de la complexité des ménages fondée sur les statistiques publiées du recensement allemand de 1885. Des méthodes descript…
Spatial Analysis of the Causes of Fertility Decline in Prussia
This article contributes to the geographic analysis of fertility decline in the demographic transition in Europe. We reanalyze Galloway, Hammel, and Lee's (1994) Prussian data with spatial analysis methods. Our multivariate analysis provides evidence of the predictive effect of both economic and cultural variables. Furthermore, even after all of the observable economic, social, and cultural variables have been controlled for, our findings show th…
Spatial variation in non-marital fertility across Europe in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries: Recent trends, persistence of the past, and potential future pathways
This article investigates spatiotemporal variation in non-marital fertility across Europe over the last 100 years. In the first 50 years of this period, non-marital fertility was generally declining, reaching very low levels in the mid-twentieth century. But starting in the 1960s, non-marital fertility increased strongly. The main aim of this paper is to investigate to what degree the persistence of the past might be relevant for understanding sp…
Regional Mortality Disparities in Germany: Long-Term Dynamics and Possible Determinants
While regional mortality inequalities in Germany tend to be relatively stable in the short run, over the course of the past century marked changes have occurred in the country's regional mortality patterns. These changes include not only the re-emergence of stark differences between eastern and western Germany after 1970, which have almost disappeared again in the decades after the reunification of Germany in 1990; but also substantial changes in…
The Mass Emigration Context of Lithuania: Patterns and Policy Options
Lithuania represents one of the rare cases in which a state with relatively high standards for maintaining population statistics is experiencing mass emigration. In light of the policy initiatives undertaken by the Lithuanian government to address the issue of emigration, this study aims to improve our understanding of how, in this mass emigration context, emigration events are connected to specific socio‐economic characteristics of individuals a…
Why are marriage and family formation increasingly disconnected across Europe? A multilevel perspective on existing theories
Childbearing outside of marriage has increased drastically in recent decades. However, the existing explanations for this development are not coherent. Proponents of the Second Demographic Transition framework view the rise in nonmarital childbearing as part of a pattern of progress driven by processes such as emancipation from traditional social norms, whereas other scholars perceive this trend in the context of a “pattern of disadvantage,” as n…
The Patriarchy Index: A New Measure of Gender and Generational Inequalities in the Past
This article presents a new measure of family-driven age- and gender-related inequalities. This composite measure, which we call the Patriarchy Index, combines a range of variables related to familial behavior that reflect varying degrees of sex- and age-related social inequality across different family settings. We demonstrate the comparative advantages of the index by showing how 266 historical populations from the Atlantic coast of Europe to M…
Formation and realisation of moving intentions across the adult life course
Residential and migratory moves are frequently regarded as instruments to attain other life goals. Thus, empirical studies increasingly link moves to other life course events. However, to fully understand moving decisions, it is also necessary to consider prior plans in various life domains, as not all life course plans and potentially related moves are realised. On the basis of representative data for Norway, these aspects are analysed for four …
Adjusting Inter-censal Population Estimates for Germany 1987-2011: Approaches and Impact on Demographic Indicators
To derive reliable demographic indicators, appropriate data on population exposures are needed. Access to such data is becoming increasingly challenging in many countries due to factors such as the growing diversity of international migration patterns and the trend towards replacing full censuses with register-based censuses. Germany represents a particularly challenging case in this respect. Before Germany implemented its first register-based ce…
Is a Positive Relationship Between Fertility and Economic Development Emerging at the Sub-National Regional Level? Theoretical Considerations and Evidence from Europe
Evidence for nation-states suggests that the long-standing negative relationship between fertility and economic development might turn positive at high levels of development. The robustness of the reversal continues to be debated. We add to this discussion from a novel angle by considering whether such a reversal could also occur at the sub-national level within highly developed countries. Our contributions are both theoretical and empirical. We …
Spatial and Social Distance at the Onset of the Fertility Transition: Sweden, 1880–1900
Most studies on the fertility transition have focused either on macro-level trends or on micro-level patterns with limited geographic scope. Much less attention has been given to the interplay between individual characteristics and contextual conditions, including geographic location. Here we investigate the relevance of geography and socioeconomic status for understanding fertility variation in the initial phase of the Swedish fertility transiti…
Estimating men's fertility from vital registration data with missing values
Comparative perspectives on men's fertility are still rare, in part because vital registration data are often missing paternal age information for a substantial number of births. We compare two imputation approaches that attempt to estimate men's age-specific fertility rates and related measures for data in which paternal age information is missing for a non-negligible number of cases. Taking births with paternal age information as a reference, t…
Spatial patterns of male alcohol‐related mortality in Belarus, Lithuania, Poland and Russia
Shifting links in the relationship between education and fertility
For a long time, high‐income countries tended to report a negative association between female educational attainment and childbearing. Belgium was among the first countries that seemed to witness the emergence of a positive educational gradient in female fertility. It has been argued that—alongside other contextual correlates—this trend reflects the increasing availability of work–family reconciliation policies from which especially highly educat…
Spatial variation in fertility across Europe: Patterns and determinants
This study investigates spatial variation in fertility in Europe. We analyse spatial variation in total fertility rates using small‐scale geographical data from 21 European countries for 2010 and investigate the role economic, sociocultural, and spatial factors play in regional fertility levels. We compare the performance of conventional ordinary least squares regression and multilevel modelling with that of different spatial regression models an…
Male–Female Fertility Differentials Across 17 High-Income Countries: Insights From A New Data Resource
Obtaining cross-country comparative perspectives on male fertility has long been difficult, as male fertility is usually less well registered than female fertility. Recent methodological advancements in imputing missing paternal ages at childbirth enable us to provide a new database on male fertility. This new resource covers more than 330 million live births and is based on a consistent and well-tested set of methods. These methods allow us to h…
Educational Differences in Cohort Fertility Across Sub-national Regions in Europe
Educational differences in female cohort fertility vary strongly across high-income countries and over time, but knowledge about how educational fertility differentials play out at the sub-national regional level is limited. Examining these sub-national regional patterns might improve our understanding of national patterns, as regionally varying contextual conditions may affect fertility. This study provides for the first time for a large number …
The Extension of Late Working Life in Germany: Trends, Inequalities, and the East–West Divide
The extension of late working life has been proposed as a potential remedy for the challenges of aging societies. For Germany, surprisingly little is known about trends and social inequalities in the length of late working life. We use data from the German Microcensus to estimate working life expectancy from age 55 onward for the 1941‒1955 birth cohorts. We adjust our calculations of working life expectancy for working hours and present results f…
Shifting Parental Age Differences in High-Income Countries: Insights and Implications
Age differences within couples are of considerable importance for the power relations between partners. These age differences become particularly relevant when couples transition to having a(nother) child, as such an event often results in a renegotiation of the gendered division of labor. Surprisingly, the literature on female empowerment and fertility postponement has so far paid little attention to parental age differences. This paper makes us…
Urban–Rural Disparities in the Transition to Parenthood During Times of Uncertainty: A Multilevel Perspective on Finland
Over the last 15 years, many European countries have experienced fertility declines. Existing research on this shift in fertility behavior points to economic aspects and increased levels of uncertainty as important drivers. However, in this debate little attention has been paid to how the relevance of individual- and contextual-level dimensions for understanding the new fertility patterns varies by level of urbanization. This is surprising given …
Demography (24 works) · Sociology (24 works) · Population (23 works) · Geography (22 works) · Demography (19 works) · Economics (19 works) · Family Dynamics and Relationships (17 works) · Demographic economics (16 works) · Fertility (16 works) · Demographic Trends and Gender Preferences (15 works)