Paul A Longley
Biographic Data
| ID | 245190 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Paul A Longley |
| GIVEN NAMES | Paul A |
| FAMILY NAME | Longley |
| SIGNATURE | LONGLEY P A |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 91 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2021 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
Ethnic inequalities in hospital admissions in England
The results of this study were consistent with known inequalities, but also found previously unreported disparities in nutritional deficiencies, endocrine disorders, and sense organ diseases. Further studies would be required to map out the relevant care pathways for ethnic minorities and establish whether preventive measures can be strengthened
Geodemographic Profiling
Geodemographics is defined as the analysis of people by where they live. This entry describes its roots in urban sociology and its subsequent use as a means of profiling neighborhood areas for commercial and public service planning applications. Geodemographics has traditionally provided a framework for understanding human identity using data from cross‐sectional social surveys and business data. It can be enriched through use of geotemporal data…
Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) describes the interrelated effects of scale and aggregation upon the results of geographical analysis. It was brought to the attention of geographers in an influential series of papers written by geographer Stan Openshaw in the 1980s and 1990s. Geocomputational methods can be used to demonstrate the nature and potential extent of this problem, in particular empirical settings, and the results of experiment…
The geography of Twitter topics in London
Social media data are increasingly perceived as alternative sources to public attitude surveys because of the volume of available data that are time-stamped and (sometimes) precisely located. Such data can be mined to provide planners, marketers and researchers with useful information about activities and opinions across time and space. However, in their raw form, textual data are still difficult to analyse coherently and Twitter streams pose par…
Regional surnames and genetic structure in Great Britain
Following the increasing availability of DNA-sequenced data, the genetic structure of populations can now be inferred and studied in unprecedented detail. Across social science, this innovation is shaping new bio-social research agendas, attracting substantial investment in the collection of genetic, biological and social data for large population samples. Yet genetic samples are special because the precise populations that they represent are unc…
The Geotemporal Demographics of Twitter Usage
This paper presents a preliminary empirical evaluation of the strategic importance of infusing Twitter social media data into classifications of small areas, as a way of moving beyond the nighttime residential geographies of conventional geodemographic classifications. We attempt an empirically based critique of the merits and drawbacks of the use of social media data, in which the value of high spatial and temporal granularity of revealed activi…
Social dynamics of Twitter usage in London, Paris, and New York City
The penetration and use of social media services differs from city to city. This paper investigates the social dynamics of Twitter social media usage in three ethnically diverse cities — London, Paris, and New York City. We present a spatial analysis of Tweeting activity in the three cities, broken down by ethnicity and gender. We model the ethnic identity of Twitter users using their paired forenames and surnames. The geo–tagged Tweets provide a…
Patterns of Patient Registration with Primary Health Care in the UK National Health Service
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is a long-established universal provider of health care. Most primary care is delivered by general practitioner (GP)-run health centers (surgeries) that, subject to proposed policy changes, are increasingly central to the welfare geographies of the NHS. This article develops an analysis of a unique and hitherto underexploited data set, comparing the observed pattern of patient registrations at GP surgeries wit…
Creating a regional geography of Britain through the spatial analysis of surnames
The Surname Regions of Great Britain
The British Population retains a strong sense of regional identity, epitomized by periodic campaigns for Scottish and Welsh devolution, or for Cornish self-government.There have been few studies into the regionalization of British surnames and none that utilize any register that can claim to be nationally representative.The National Social Map presented in this paper is the first comprehensive attempt to create a regional geography of Great Brita…
Linking Social Deprivation and Digital Exclusion in England
This paper develops a cross-classification of material deprivation and lack of digital engagement, at a far more spatially disaggregated level than has previously been attempted in the UK. This is achieved by matching the 2004 Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) with a unique nation-wide geodemographic classification of ICT usage, aggregated to unit postcodes. The results of the cross-classification suggest that lack of digital engagement and mat…
The UK Geography of the e-Society
It is simplistic to think of the impacts of new information and communication technologies (NICTs) in terms of a single 'digital divide', or even a small number of them. As developments in what has been termed the 'e-society' reach wider and more generalised audiences, so it becomes appropriate to think of digital media as having wider-ranging but differentiated impacts upon consumer transactions, information gathering, and citizen participation.…
The Quantitative Analysis of Family Names
This article describes the way in which a unique new quantitative data resource and evidence base has been used to relate historic measures of U.K. migration flows to the contemporary socioeconomic patterning of neighborhoods. The resource enables generalized analysis of the regional origins of British and Irish people from their family names, and makes it possible to relate the current regional distribution of names in the United States, Great B…
Spatial Dependence and Heterogeneity in Patterns of Hardship
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are creating possibilities for spatial and temporal measurement of the properties of socioeconomic systems at finer levels of granularity. In this article, we suggest that the “lifestyles” datasets collected by private sector organizations in the U.K. and the U.S. provide one such prospect for better inferring the structure, composition, and heterogeneity of urban areas. Using a case study…
Creating Small Area Measures of Urban Deprivation
In recent years, the scale and pace of urban change have been associated with fine-scale fragmentation of the lifestyles of urban populations. One manifestation of this is that households of diverse means and circumstances may be found living in proximity to one another, particularly in urban areas. In this paper we argue that in these changed circumstances conventional deprivation indicators fail adequately to detect within and between small are…
On the Measurement and Generalisation of Urban Form
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are opening up possibilities for more detailed measures of the form of urban areas. This paper begins with a review of some of the new data sources that are available in the United Kingdom, specifically the Ordnance Survey's ADDRESS-POINT product. The authors go on to develop a fine-scale data model of population densities, and fractal measures of the way in which urban development fills s…
Housing careers, asset accumulation and subsidies to owner occupiers — A microsimulation
Owner occupiers in the UK housing market receive considerable central government subsidies, namely through provision of tax relief upon mortgage interest, through exemption of private house sales from capital gains tax and through tax advantages relative to those who pay rent out of their net incomes. This paper sets out a framework for assessing the incidence of these subsidies upon different groups of owner occupiers over time, and suggests how…
The Size, Shape and Dimension of Urban Settlements
In this paper, we propose a scale theory of urban form and growth which enables us to consistently explain and estimate relationships between urban population size, area, field and boundary length for a system of settlements. Our approach is based on a synthesis of allometry and fractal growth theory, and the associated relationships are uniquely specified by dimensional parameters whose values vary from 1 to 2, from the line to the plane. The th…
Graphical Assessment of Housing Market Models
This paper considers the selection of appropriate functional forms for discrete choice models of housing market behaviour. It is argued that uncritical adoption of linear or log-linear forms may be inappropriate, and that Box-Tukey transformations are unnecessarily cumbersome and mechanistic devices in the search for more general functional forms. An alternative graphical assessment procedure based on partial residuals is first presented and is t…
The Geotemporal Demographics of Twitter Usage
This paper presents a preliminary empirical evaluation of the strategic importance of infusing Twitter social media data into classifications of small areas, as a way of moving beyond the nighttime residential geographies of conventional geodemographic classifications. We attempt an empirically based critique of the merits and drawbacks of the use of social media data, in which the value of high spatial and temporal granularity of revealed activi…
Creating a regional geography of Britain through the spatial analysis of surnames
Spatial Dependence and Heterogeneity in Patterns of Hardship
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are creating possibilities for spatial and temporal measurement of the properties of socioeconomic systems at finer levels of granularity. In this article, we suggest that the “lifestyles” datasets collected by private sector organizations in the U.K. and the U.S. provide one such prospect for better inferring the structure, composition, and heterogeneity of urban areas. Using a case study…
Linking Social Deprivation and Digital Exclusion in England
This paper develops a cross-classification of material deprivation and lack of digital engagement, at a far more spatially disaggregated level than has previously been attempted in the UK. This is achieved by matching the 2004 Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) with a unique nation-wide geodemographic classification of ICT usage, aggregated to unit postcodes. The results of the cross-classification suggest that lack of digital engagement and mat…
Creating Small Area Measures of Urban Deprivation
In recent years, the scale and pace of urban change have been associated with fine-scale fragmentation of the lifestyles of urban populations. One manifestation of this is that households of diverse means and circumstances may be found living in proximity to one another, particularly in urban areas. In this paper we argue that in these changed circumstances conventional deprivation indicators fail adequately to detect within and between small are…
On the Measurement and Generalisation of Urban Form
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are opening up possibilities for more detailed measures of the form of urban areas. This paper begins with a review of some of the new data sources that are available in the United Kingdom, specifically the Ordnance Survey's ADDRESS-POINT product. The authors go on to develop a fine-scale data model of population densities, and fractal measures of the way in which urban development fills s…
Regional surnames and genetic structure in Great Britain
Following the increasing availability of DNA-sequenced data, the genetic structure of populations can now be inferred and studied in unprecedented detail. Across social science, this innovation is shaping new bio-social research agendas, attracting substantial investment in the collection of genetic, biological and social data for large population samples. Yet genetic samples are special because the precise populations that they represent are unc…
The Quantitative Analysis of Family Names
This article describes the way in which a unique new quantitative data resource and evidence base has been used to relate historic measures of U.K. migration flows to the contemporary socioeconomic patterning of neighborhoods. The resource enables generalized analysis of the regional origins of British and Irish people from their family names, and makes it possible to relate the current regional distribution of names in the United States, Great B…
Housing careers, asset accumulation and subsidies to owner occupiers — A microsimulation
Owner occupiers in the UK housing market receive considerable central government subsidies, namely through provision of tax relief upon mortgage interest, through exemption of private house sales from capital gains tax and through tax advantages relative to those who pay rent out of their net incomes. This paper sets out a framework for assessing the incidence of these subsidies upon different groups of owner occupiers over time, and suggests how…
The Size, Shape and Dimension of Urban Settlements
In this paper, we propose a scale theory of urban form and growth which enables us to consistently explain and estimate relationships between urban population size, area, field and boundary length for a system of settlements. Our approach is based on a synthesis of allometry and fractal growth theory, and the associated relationships are uniquely specified by dimensional parameters whose values vary from 1 to 2, from the line to the plane. The th…
Patterns of Patient Registration with Primary Health Care in the UK National Health Service
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is a long-established universal provider of health care. Most primary care is delivered by general practitioner (GP)-run health centers (surgeries) that, subject to proposed policy changes, are increasingly central to the welfare geographies of the NHS. This article develops an analysis of a unique and hitherto underexploited data set, comparing the observed pattern of patient registrations at GP surgeries wit…
The UK Geography of the e-Society
It is simplistic to think of the impacts of new information and communication technologies (NICTs) in terms of a single 'digital divide', or even a small number of them. As developments in what has been termed the 'e-society' reach wider and more generalised audiences, so it becomes appropriate to think of digital media as having wider-ranging but differentiated impacts upon consumer transactions, information gathering, and citizen participation.…
Graphical Assessment of Housing Market Models
This paper considers the selection of appropriate functional forms for discrete choice models of housing market behaviour. It is argued that uncritical adoption of linear or log-linear forms may be inappropriate, and that Box-Tukey transformations are unnecessarily cumbersome and mechanistic devices in the search for more general functional forms. An alternative graphical assessment procedure based on partial residuals is first presented and is t…
Housing careers, asset accumulation and subsidies to owner occupiers — A microsimulation
Owner occupiers in the UK housing market receive considerable central government subsidies, namely through provision of tax relief upon mortgage interest, through exemption of private house sales from capital gains tax and through tax advantages relative to those who pay rent out of their net incomes. This paper sets out a framework for assessing the incidence of these subsidies upon different groups of owner occupiers over time, and suggests how…
The Size, Shape and Dimension of Urban Settlements
In this paper, we propose a scale theory of urban form and growth which enables us to consistently explain and estimate relationships between urban population size, area, field and boundary length for a system of settlements. Our approach is based on a synthesis of allometry and fractal growth theory, and the associated relationships are uniquely specified by dimensional parameters whose values vary from 1 to 2, from the line to the plane. The th…
On the Measurement and Generalisation of Urban Form
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are opening up possibilities for more detailed measures of the form of urban areas. This paper begins with a review of some of the new data sources that are available in the United Kingdom, specifically the Ordnance Survey's ADDRESS-POINT product. The authors go on to develop a fine-scale data model of population densities, and fractal measures of the way in which urban development fills s…
Creating Small Area Measures of Urban Deprivation
In recent years, the scale and pace of urban change have been associated with fine-scale fragmentation of the lifestyles of urban populations. One manifestation of this is that households of diverse means and circumstances may be found living in proximity to one another, particularly in urban areas. In this paper we argue that in these changed circumstances conventional deprivation indicators fail adequately to detect within and between small are…
Spatial Dependence and Heterogeneity in Patterns of Hardship
Developments in the provision and quality of digital data are creating possibilities for spatial and temporal measurement of the properties of socioeconomic systems at finer levels of granularity. In this article, we suggest that the “lifestyles” datasets collected by private sector organizations in the U.K. and the U.S. provide one such prospect for better inferring the structure, composition, and heterogeneity of urban areas. Using a case study…
The Quantitative Analysis of Family Names
This article describes the way in which a unique new quantitative data resource and evidence base has been used to relate historic measures of U.K. migration flows to the contemporary socioeconomic patterning of neighborhoods. The resource enables generalized analysis of the regional origins of British and Irish people from their family names, and makes it possible to relate the current regional distribution of names in the United States, Great B…
The UK Geography of the e-Society
It is simplistic to think of the impacts of new information and communication technologies (NICTs) in terms of a single 'digital divide', or even a small number of them. As developments in what has been termed the 'e-society' reach wider and more generalised audiences, so it becomes appropriate to think of digital media as having wider-ranging but differentiated impacts upon consumer transactions, information gathering, and citizen participation.…
Linking Social Deprivation and Digital Exclusion in England
This paper develops a cross-classification of material deprivation and lack of digital engagement, at a far more spatially disaggregated level than has previously been attempted in the UK. This is achieved by matching the 2004 Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) with a unique nation-wide geodemographic classification of ICT usage, aggregated to unit postcodes. The results of the cross-classification suggest that lack of digital engagement and mat…
The Surname Regions of Great Britain
The British Population retains a strong sense of regional identity, epitomized by periodic campaigns for Scottish and Welsh devolution, or for Cornish self-government.There have been few studies into the regionalization of British surnames and none that utilize any register that can claim to be nationally representative.The National Social Map presented in this paper is the first comprehensive attempt to create a regional geography of Great Brita…
Creating a regional geography of Britain through the spatial analysis of surnames
Patterns of Patient Registration with Primary Health Care in the UK National Health Service
The UK National Health Service (NHS) is a long-established universal provider of health care. Most primary care is delivered by general practitioner (GP)-run health centers (surgeries) that, subject to proposed policy changes, are increasingly central to the welfare geographies of the NHS. This article develops an analysis of a unique and hitherto underexploited data set, comparing the observed pattern of patient registrations at GP surgeries wit…
Social dynamics of Twitter usage in London, Paris, and New York City
The penetration and use of social media services differs from city to city. This paper investigates the social dynamics of Twitter social media usage in three ethnically diverse cities — London, Paris, and New York City. We present a spatial analysis of Tweeting activity in the three cities, broken down by ethnicity and gender. We model the ethnic identity of Twitter users using their paired forenames and surnames. The geo–tagged Tweets provide a…
The Geotemporal Demographics of Twitter Usage
This paper presents a preliminary empirical evaluation of the strategic importance of infusing Twitter social media data into classifications of small areas, as a way of moving beyond the nighttime residential geographies of conventional geodemographic classifications. We attempt an empirically based critique of the merits and drawbacks of the use of social media data, in which the value of high spatial and temporal granularity of revealed activi…
The geography of Twitter topics in London
Social media data are increasingly perceived as alternative sources to public attitude surveys because of the volume of available data that are time-stamped and (sometimes) precisely located. Such data can be mined to provide planners, marketers and researchers with useful information about activities and opinions across time and space. However, in their raw form, textual data are still difficult to analyse coherently and Twitter streams pose par…
Regional surnames and genetic structure in Great Britain
Following the increasing availability of DNA-sequenced data, the genetic structure of populations can now be inferred and studied in unprecedented detail. Across social science, this innovation is shaping new bio-social research agendas, attracting substantial investment in the collection of genetic, biological and social data for large population samples. Yet genetic samples are special because the precise populations that they represent are unc…
Geodemographic Profiling
Geodemographics is defined as the analysis of people by where they live. This entry describes its roots in urban sociology and its subsequent use as a means of profiling neighborhood areas for commercial and public service planning applications. Geodemographics has traditionally provided a framework for understanding human identity using data from cross‐sectional social surveys and business data. It can be enriched through use of geotemporal data…
Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
The modifiable areal unit problem (MAUP) describes the interrelated effects of scale and aggregation upon the results of geographical analysis. It was brought to the attention of geographers in an influential series of papers written by geographer Stan Openshaw in the 1980s and 1990s. Geocomputational methods can be used to demonstrate the nature and potential extent of this problem, in particular empirical settings, and the results of experiment…
Ethnic inequalities in hospital admissions in England
The results of this study were consistent with known inequalities, but also found previously unreported disparities in nutritional deficiencies, endocrine disorders, and sense organ diseases. Further studies would be required to map out the relevant care pathways for ethnic minorities and establish whether preventive measures can be strengthened
Geography (15 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · Sociology (12 works) · Population (8 works) · Data science (7 works) · Economic geography (7 works) · Regional science (7 works) · Demography (6 works) · Economics (6 works) · Mathematics (6 works)