David Garland
Biographic Data
| ID | 245286 |
|---|---|
| NAME | David Garland |
| GIVEN NAMES | David |
| FAMILY NAME | Garland |
| SIGNATURE | GARLAND D |
| AFFILIATIONS | New York University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8710-4149 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 69 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1462 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 68 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1981 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 16 |
Response by David Garland: Theory and Politics in Law and Order Leviathan
Law and Order Leviathan: America’s Extraordinary Regime of Policing and Punishment
How American-style capitalism creates a coercive state unlike any other How could America, that storied land of liberty, be home to mass incarceration, police killings, and racialized criminal justice? In Law and Order Leviathan , David Garland explains how America’s racialized political economy gives rise to this extraordinary outcome. The United States has long been an international outlier, with a powerful business class, a weak social state, …
Law and Order Leviathan: America's Extraordinary Regime of Policing and Punishment
America's extraordinary penal state: A structural explanation
Americans, above all poor Black Americans, are subject to extraordinary levels of police violence, incarceration, and penal control—levels that exist nowhere else in the developed world. This article outlines a comparative, structural explanation of America's extraordinary penal state, pointing to the structural arrangements and historical processes that created it and keep it in place; describing how these political and economic structures diffe…
How should we define restorative justice? A response to Lode Walgrave
The Current Crisis of American Criminal Justice: A Structural Analysis
This review situates the recent, radical challenges to American criminal justice—calls to end mass incarceration, defund the police, and dismantle systemic racism—within the broader social and economic arrangements that make the US system so distinctive and so problematic. It describes the social structures, institutions, and processes that give rise to America's extraordinary penal state—as well as to its extraordinarily high rates of homicide a…
The emergence of the idea of ‘the welfare state’ in British political discourse
This article traces the emergence of the term welfare state in British political discourse and describes competing efforts to define its meaning. It presents a genealogy of the concept's emergence and its subsequent integration into various political scripts, tracing the struggles that sought to name, define, and narrate what welfare state would be taken to mean. It shows that the concept emerged only after the core programmes to which it referre…
Modes of Capital Punishment: The Death Penalty in Historical Perspective
In Memoriam Joan R. Petersilia (1951–2019)
This review synthesizes the historical literature on the criminalization and incarceration of black Americans for an interdisciplinary audience. Drawing on key insights from new histories in the field of American carceral studies, we trace the ...Read More
Societies under Stress: Introduction to the Special Issue
This introduction to the special issue 'Societies under Stress' provides an intellectual context for the four articles that follow. The conferences at which the articles were presented brought together comparative welfare state researchers and scholars who work on crime and punishment to explore the links between social welfare and penal policy, particularly in social settings where neoliberal austerity or rising levels of criminal violence put p…
Penal controls and social controls: Toward a theory of American penal exceptionalism
This article argues that to explain American penal exceptionalism, we have to consider America’s exceptional levels of punishment together with America’s exceptional levels of violence and disorder, while understanding both of these as outcomes of America’s distinctive political economy. After specifying the multiple respects in which American penality is a comparative outlier, the article develops a new theorization of modes of penal action that…
Reading Foucault: An Ongoing Engagement
This article is a contribution to the occasional series dealing with a major book that has influenced the author. Previous contributors include Stewart Macaulay, John Griffith, William Twining, Carol Harlow, Geoffrey Bindman, Harry Arthurs, André‐Jean Arnaud, Alan Hunt, Michael Adler, Lawrence O. Gostin, John P. Heinz, Roger Brownsword, Roger Cotterrell, Nicola Lacey, and Carol J. Greenhouse
Sobre O Conceito De Pânico Moral
O artigo desenvolve uma análise crítica do conceito de pânico moral e suas aplicações sociológicas. Demonstrando que parte da sutileza e da força do conceito se perdeu no momento em que o termo se tornou popular, o artigo coloca em primeiro plano os aspectos freudianos e durkheimianos, detalhando as questões éticas e epistemológicas envolvidas em seu uso. Contrastando as dinâmicas dos pânicos morais com as dinâmicas das guerras culturais, o autor…
Punishment and Welfare revisited
First published in 1985, Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Strategies develops a number of themes that continue to animate the research agenda of today’s sociology of punishment. This essay is a revised version of a new Preface written for the 2018 reprint edition of the book that reflects on its findings and method and their relevance in the current conjuncture
Theoretical advances and problems in the sociology of punishment
The last twenty years have seen a remarkable increase in the extent and range of “punishment and society” scholarship. Together with this quantitative expansion, there have also been important qualitative developments in research, analysis and explanation – many of which can be counted as scientific advances. This article specifies a number of dimensions along which theory, method and data in this field have been improved and also identifies some…
Artículos: Penalidad y Estado Penal
La sociología del castigo desarrolló una profunda comprensión de las fuerzas sociales e históricas que transformaron la penalidad estadounidense durante los últimos 40 años. Si bien estas fuerzas sociales no son únicas de los Estados Unidos, su impacto penal allí ha sido mayor en relación a otras naciones comparables. Para dar cuenta de esta cuestión, sugiero que en el futuro la investigación social debería prestar atención más de cerca a la estr…
The indispensable welfare state
‘The indispensable welfare state’ concludes that the welfare state is a fundamental dimension of modern government, integral to the economic functioning and social health of capitalist societies. Welfare regimes can take various forms, and can be more or less effective, but a welfare state of some description is a vital part of any modern nation. The last hundred years show that welfare state government can succeed in civilizing and democratizing…
Before the welfare state
Welfare states emerged in western nations at the end of the 19th century and were fully established in the middle decades of the 20th. But collective social provision in one form or another has been characteristic of societies throughout human history. ‘Before the welfare state’ outlines pre-capitalist societies and explains the social roots of welfare, the expanding role of the state, the end of the old Poor Laws, and the reaction against laisse…
The Welfare State: A Very Short Introduction
This 'Very Short Introduction' discusses the necessity of welfare states in modern capitalist societies. Situating social policy in an historical, sociological, and comparative perspective, David Garland brings a new understanding to familiar debates, policies, and institutions.
Los conceptos de cultura en la sociología del castigo
Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo
Las contradicciones de la "sociedad punitiva" El caso británico
Americanae nace como un proyecto conjunto que surge dentro de la Red Europea de Información y Documentación sobre América Latina (REDIAL), y que ha afrontado la Biblioteca de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID). Esta nueva biblioteca virtual hace más accesibles los libros digitales de tema americanista a los investigadores y usuarios interesados de cualquier parte del mundo
On the Concept of ‘Social Rights’
What is a "history of the present"? On Foucault's genealogies and their critical preconditions
In this article Michel Foucault's method of writing a "history of the present" is explained, together with its critical objectives and its difference from conventional historiography. Foucault's shift from a style of historical research and analysis conceived as "archaeology" to one understood as "genealogy" is also discussed, showing how the history of the present deploys genealogical inquiry and the uncovering of hidden conflicts and contexts a…
The Welfare State: A Fundamental Dimension of Modern Government
What, in fact,isthe Welfare State? This article traces the emergence of the welfare state as a specific mode of government, describing its distinctive rationality as well as its characteristic forms, functions and effects. It identifies five sectors of welfare governance, the relations between them, and the various forms these take in different times and places. It discusses the contradictory commitments that shape welfare state practices and the…
Penality and the Penal State
The sociology of punishment has developed a rich understanding of the social and historical forces that have transformed American penality during the last 40 years. But whereas these social forces are not unique to the United States, their penal impact there has been disproportionately large, relative to comparable nations. To address this issue, I suggest that future research should attend more closely to the structure and operation of the penal…
Governmentality' and the Problem of Crime: Foucault, Criminology, Sociology
The article traces the main themes of the `governmentality' literature, as developed by Michel Foucault and subsequent writers, and outlines a series of related ideas about `the social' as a realm of government; statistics and bio-power; actuarial forms of reasoning; and government-at-a-distance. It goes on to illustrate the criminological value of these ideas by means of an analysis of some of the governmental rationalities and technologies that…
Mass Imprisonment: Social Causes and Consequences
Introduction - David Garland The Meaning of Mass Imprisonment The Causes and Consequences of Prison Growth in the United States - Marc Mauer Fear and Loathing in Late Modernity - Jonathan Simon Reflections on the Cultural Sources of Mass Imprisonment in the United States Television, Public Space and Prison Population - Thomas Mathiesen A Commentary on Mauer and Simon Governing Social Marginality - Katherine Beckett and Bruce Western Welfare Incar…
On the concept of moral panic
The article develops a critical analysis of the concept of moral panic and its sociological uses. Arguing that some of the concept's subtlety and power has been lost as the term has become popular, the article foregrounds its Freudian and Durkheimian aspects and explicates the epistemological and ethical issues involved in its use. Contrasting the dynamics of moral panics to the dynamics of culture wars, the author shows that both phenomena invol…
What is a "history of the present"? On Foucault's genealogies and their critical preconditions
In this article Michel Foucault's method of writing a "history of the present" is explained, together with its critical objectives and its difference from conventional historiography. Foucault's shift from a style of historical research and analysis conceived as "archaeology" to one understood as "genealogy" is also discussed, showing how the history of the present deploys genealogical inquiry and the uncovering of hidden conflicts and contexts a…
Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social Theory
In this path-breaking book, David Garland argues that punishment is a complex social institution that affects both social relations and cultural meanings. Drawing on theorists from Durkheim to Foucault, he insightfully critiques the entire spectrum of social thought concerning punishment, and reworks it into a new interpretive synthesis. and Modern is an outstanding delineation of the sociology of punishment. At last the process that is surely th…
Penality and the Penal State
The sociology of punishment has developed a rich understanding of the social and historical forces that have transformed American penality during the last 40 years. But whereas these social forces are not unique to the United States, their penal impact there has been disproportionately large, relative to comparable nations. To address this issue, I suggest that future research should attend more closely to the structure and operation of the penal…
Criminology, Social Theory and the Challenge of our Times
Journal Article Criminology, Social Theory and the Challenge of our Times Get access David Garland, David Garland Respectively, School of Law and Department of Sociology, New York University; Department of Criminology, Keele University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Richard Sparks Richard Sparks Respectively, School of Law and Department of Sociology, New York University; Department of Criminology, Keele…
Penal Excess and Surplus Meaning: Public Torture Lynchings in Twentieth-Century America
The most notorious lynchings that occurred in the United States between 1890 and 1940 involved publicity, crowds, ritual, and abnormal cruelty. Several hundred of these "public torture lynchings" took place, most of them in the Deep South. The author develops an interpretation that takes seriously the specific forms and discourses that lynchers and their supporters used to describe and justify these events-characterizing them as criminal punishme…
Concepts of culture in the sociology of punishment
The author analyses the different ways in which the concept of 'culture' is currently deployed in the sociology of punishment. Using a distinction first developed by W.H. Sewell Jr, he distinguishes two usages of the concept-culture as an analytical dimension of social relations ('the cultural') and culture as a collective entity ('a culture'). The theoretical issues and problems entailed in these two usages are discussed and several pragmatic so…
Frameworks of Inquiry in the Sociology of Punishment
This article discusses the tendency of recent work in the sociology of punishment to adopt a 'social control' framework of analysis, derived in part from the work of Foucault. The limitations of this perspective are illustrated by reference to Durkheim's conception of punishment, which is itself discussed and criticised. Thereafter, the social and cultural significance of punishment is briefly outlined, drawing attention to penality's political a…
The Culture of High Crime Societies
Journal Article The Culture of High Crime Societies Get access David Garland David Garland NYU School of Law and Department of Sociology. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 40, Issue 3, June 2000, Pages 347–375, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/40.3.347 Published: 01 June 2000
Theoretical advances and problems in the sociology of punishment
The last twenty years have seen a remarkable increase in the extent and range of “punishment and society” scholarship. Together with this quantitative expansion, there have also been important qualitative developments in research, analysis and explanation – many of which can be counted as scientific advances. This article specifies a number of dimensions along which theory, method and data in this field have been improved and also identifies some…
Peculiar Institution: America's Death Penalty in an Age of Abolition
Penal controls and social controls: Toward a theory of American penal exceptionalism
This article argues that to explain American penal exceptionalism, we have to consider America’s exceptional levels of punishment together with America’s exceptional levels of violence and disorder, while understanding both of these as outcomes of America’s distinctive political economy. After specifying the multiple respects in which American penality is a comparative outlier, the article develops a new theorization of modes of penal action that…
Sociological Perspectives on Punishment
The sociology of punishment offers a framework for analyzing penal institutions that, potentially at least, can give a fuller and more realistic account than the punishment-as-crime-control approach of penological studies or the punishment-as-moral-problem approach of the philosophy of punishment. Sociological perspectives view punishment as a complex social institution, shaped by an ensemble of social and historical forces and having a range of …
Beyond the culture of control
This essay seeks to move on from the critical debates that have followed the publication of The Culture of Control by taking up constructive suggestions, refining or extending the book’s claims, and sketching out new lines for future research. After a preliminary discussion of the proper role of theory in historical and sociological research it seeks to clarify and develop the following ideas: the concept of the field and its role in the study of…
Capital punishment and American culture
The cultural uses of capital punishment
The death penalty is accepted, even popular, in precisely the way that big-league baseball and football are accepted and popular: as a spectator sport to the fans, and a competitive agon to the players, and a logo of the American way to everybody. (Anthony Amsterdam, Keynote address to the American Bar Association, 12 October 2000) THE USA: ‘THE KILLING STATE’ At the start of the 21st century, the death penalty is embedded in the legal and politi…
"As contradições da "sociedade punitiva: O Caso Britânico
O autor procura mostrar, examinando o caso britânico, como as políticas penais atuais são dilaceradas por duas tendências contraditórias: de um lado, a percepção da necessidade de enfrentar a criminalidade como um aspecto constitutivo e inexpurgável da vida social contemporânea, o que resulta numa "criminologia do eu", do criminoso como agente racional à nossa imagem e semelhança, e aponta para uma "administração" desse fato social normal; e, de …
The Welfare State: A Fundamental Dimension of Modern Government
What, in fact,isthe Welfare State? This article traces the emergence of the welfare state as a specific mode of government, describing its distinctive rationality as well as its characteristic forms, functions and effects. It identifies five sectors of welfare governance, the relations between them, and the various forms these take in different times and places. It discusses the contradictory commitments that shape welfare state practices and the…
The Commonplace and the Catastrophic: Interpretations of Crime in Late Modernity
Punishment and Welfare revisited
First published in 1985, Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Strategies develops a number of themes that continue to animate the research agenda of today’s sociology of punishment. This essay is a revised version of a new Preface written for the 2018 reprint edition of the book that reflects on its findings and method and their relevance in the current conjuncture
The Problem of the Body in Modern State Punishment
Modern, liberal democratic states and civilized, squeamish moderns would rather avoid the sights, sounds, and smells of the body in pain. So we eliminate them where that is possible and we hide them behind the scenes when it is not. The body thus creates a problem for modern liberal state punishment, especially in the United States, where nonphysical penalties, such as fines, restitution, or compensation, are notably underdeveloped and where mass…
"Les contradictions de la "société punitive: Le Cas Britannique
Contradictions of the Punitive Society. This paper sets out an analytical account of contemporary penal policies and the role of criminological ideas within them. The analysis suggests that the character of recent crime control policy is not so much punitive as ambivalent. The social fact of high crime rates, together with the increasingly recognized limits of state action as a means of governing crime, has created a new predicament for policy ma…
On the Concept of ‘Social Rights’
The Birth of the Welfare Sanction
of power. [11 As these authors point out, the modern policing of individuals, families and neighbourhoods is primarily conducted not by means of punishment or coercion but instead by the normalising agencies of social welfare - of social work, education, insurance, child-care and so on. Social regulation in the 'advanced democracies' of the 20th century is produced through a whole complex of agencies of social investigation and scrutiny in which …
The Power to Punish
The Power to Punish: Contemporary Penalty and Social Analysis
Punishment and welfare: A History of Penal Strategies
Foucault's Discipline and Punish An Exposition and Critique
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Penal Strategies in a Welfare State
Punishment and Welfare: A History of Penal Strategies
Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social Theory
In this path-breaking book, David Garland argues that punishment is a complex social institution that affects both social relations and cultural meanings. Drawing on theorists from Durkheim to Foucault, he insightfully critiques the entire spectrum of social thought concerning punishment, and reworks it into a new interpretive synthesis. and Modern is an outstanding delineation of the sociology of punishment. At last the process that is surely th…
Frameworks of Inquiry in the Sociology of Punishment
This article discusses the tendency of recent work in the sociology of punishment to adopt a 'social control' framework of analysis, derived in part from the work of Foucault. The limitations of this perspective are illustrated by reference to Durkheim's conception of punishment, which is itself discussed and criticised. Thereafter, the social and cultural significance of punishment is briefly outlined, drawing attention to penality's political a…
A Ms‐take in the making?: Transsexualism post‐franco, post‐modern, post‐haste
(1991). A Ms‐take in the making?: Transsexualism post‐franco, post‐modern, post‐haste. Quarterly Review of Film and Video: Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 95-102.
Sociological Perspectives on Punishment
The sociology of punishment offers a framework for analyzing penal institutions that, potentially at least, can give a fuller and more realistic account than the punishment-as-crime-control approach of penological studies or the punishment-as-moral-problem approach of the philosophy of punishment. Sociological perspectives view punishment as a complex social institution, shaped by an ensemble of social and historical forces and having a range of …
Punishment and modern society: A Study in Social Theory
Contrasts in Tolerance, Post-War Penal Policy in the Netherlands and England and Wales
Criminological Knowledge and Its Relation to Power
Journal Article CRIMINOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND ITS RELATION TO POWER: Foucault's Genealogy and Criminology Today Get access DAVID GARLAND DAVID GARLAND * University of Edinburgh I am grateful to Peter Young, Tony Peters and Jim Jacobs for having read and commented on earlier drafts of this article I would like also to acknowledge the assistance of the Lindsay Bequest Fund of the Faculty of Law, University of Edinburgh Search for other works by this…
The Prison Experience: Disciplinary Institutions and Their Inmates in Early Modern Europe . Pieter Spierenburg
Presidential Influence Versus Agency Characteristics in Explaining Policy Implementation
We posit three rival models of policy implementation in the realm of civil rights: presidential influence, bureaucratic discretion, and prior activities. The first model, presidential influence, works better than the bureaucratic discretion or prior activities models. In fact, as modified in the analysis, presidential influence explains half of the adjusted variance in civil rights cases filed but just under a quarter of adjusted variance in case…
Governmentality' and the Problem of Crime: Foucault, Criminology, Sociology
The article traces the main themes of the `governmentality' literature, as developed by Michel Foucault and subsequent writers, and outlines a series of related ideas about `the social' as a realm of government; statistics and bio-power; actuarial forms of reasoning; and government-at-a-distance. It goes on to illustrate the criminological value of these ideas by means of an analysis of some of the governmental rationalities and technologies that…
"Les contradictions de la "société punitive: Le Cas Britannique
Contradictions of the Punitive Society. This paper sets out an analytical account of contemporary penal policies and the role of criminological ideas within them. The analysis suggests that the character of recent crime control policy is not so much punitive as ambivalent. The social fact of high crime rates, together with the increasingly recognized limits of state action as a means of governing crime, has created a new predicament for policy ma…
The Commonplace and the Catastrophic: Interpretations of Crime in Late Modernity
"As contradições da "sociedade punitiva: O Caso Britânico
O autor procura mostrar, examinando o caso britânico, como as políticas penais atuais são dilaceradas por duas tendências contraditórias: de um lado, a percepção da necessidade de enfrentar a criminalidade como um aspecto constitutivo e inexpurgável da vida social contemporânea, o que resulta numa "criminologia do eu", do criminoso como agente racional à nossa imagem e semelhança, e aponta para uma "administração" desse fato social normal; e, de …
The Culture of High Crime Societies
Journal Article The Culture of High Crime Societies Get access David Garland David Garland NYU School of Law and Department of Sociology. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The British Journal of Criminology, Volume 40, Issue 3, June 2000, Pages 347–375, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/40.3.347 Published: 01 June 2000
Criminology, Social Theory and the Challenge of our Times
Journal Article Criminology, Social Theory and the Challenge of our Times Get access David Garland, David Garland Respectively, School of Law and Department of Sociology, New York University; Department of Criminology, Keele University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Richard Sparks Richard Sparks Respectively, School of Law and Department of Sociology, New York University; Department of Criminology, Keele…
Introduction: The Meaning of Mass Imprisonment
The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society
The Culture of Control
This chapter argues that the tunt against penal-welfarism took a ‘reactionary’, all-encompassing form because underlying the debate about crime and punishment was a fundamental shift of interests and sensibilities. This historical shift, which had both political and cultural dimensions, gave rise to new group relations and social attitudes—attitudes that were most sharply defined in relation to the problems of crime, welfare, and social order. Th…
Political science (45 works) · Sociology (43 works) · Criminal Justice and Corrections Analysis (38 works) · Criminology (35 works) · Law (31 works) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (24 works) · Psychology (23 works) · Politics (19 works) · Philosophy (17 works) · Social Psychology (15 works)