Stephen Wearing
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 245761 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Stephen Wearing |
| PRENOMES | Stephen |
| SOBRENOME | Wearing |
| ASSINATURA | WEARING S |
| AFILIAÇÕES | University of Technology Sydney |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5158-059X |
| VERIFICADO | Sim |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 64 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 403 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 64 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1988 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
A diverse economies approach for promoting peace and justice in volunteer tourism
The extent to which volunteer tourism can contribute to peace promotion through intercultural exchange and understanding is a central theme in this paper. We present the tensions of situating volunteer tourism within a broader tourism industry that promotes hyper-consumption and homogenous development discourses. As volunteer tourism becomes increasingly commodified and co-opted by a profit-driven industry that perpetuates neoliberal capitalism a…
Exploring adolescent computer gaming as leisure experience and consumption
The popular media and some aspects of social science research view computer gaming either in disruptive pathological terms or through one-dimensional notions, such as violence inducing or as simple escapism. These singular perspectives create gaps in the research and skew our understanding of computer games as a social phenomenon. To address this, we examine computer gaming as a leisure experience in the context of contemporary western consumer c…
Discourses, Bodies, and Questions of Sharedness in Kenya’s Wellness Communities
This article contemplates the construction of sharedness that underlies the success of alternative lifestyle communities in Eastern Africa. In Kenya, a new tourism niche market that focuses on yoga, mindfulness, and alternative medicine is flourishing. Tourists travel to East Africa to practice yoga, but also to introduce local communities to ‘alternative lifestyles’. By considering Western and Kenyan practitioners’ discourses about the benefits …
Host communities and last chance tourism
Last Chance Tourism (LCT) has emerged in recent years as an adaptive response of the global tourism industry to the threats and opportunities of climate change. Referring to the act of travellers explicitly seeking out natural and/or cultural attractions that they deem to be at threat, LCT occurs in many of the World's most iconic and fragile tourism destination regions. While academic scholarship around LCT grows, authors are beginning to questi…
Digital gaming culture in Vietnam
New information and communication technologies continue to spread rapidly into the Asian marketplace, which has led to new patterns of leisure consumption, one of the most popular being digital gaming. However, in Vietnam there is limited research on gaming as a leisure activity. The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of digital gaming in Vietnam to better understand how it is practiced in this culture. Semi-structured interviews …
Engaging volunteer tourism in post-disaster recovery in Nepal
Drought tourism’ as compassion
Tourist Behaviour
This chapter examines tourists' behaviour and experiences in the lodging sector, particularly for luxury accommodation. Guests' comments obtained from TripAdvisor.com were reviewed and analysed to investigate what tourists seek when staying in luxury hotels. Five luxury accommodation properties from the Traveller's Choice 2018 Winners were selected for the study. They are located in Maldives, Marrakech – Morocco, Cusco – Peru, Ubud, Bali – Indone…
Social psychology, consumer culture and neoliberalism
The following essay responds to three main issues raised by Phelps and White (2018) in their critical commentary on our article (McDonald, Gough, Wearing & Deville, 2017). The first concerns the lack of precision in the conceptualisation of neoliberalism and the recent threats to it as we enter a potentially new phase of capitalism. While we share Phelps and White's concern, we argue that there is value in continuing to use neoliberalism as a con…
Women of the Kokoda
The purpose of this article is to explore the power dynamics negotiated by women in local communities in Papua New Guinea (PNG) as they stake a claim in the development of sustainable tourism that is emerging along the Kokoda Track. The traditional understanding of power dynamics has been the "power as domination" perception, which attributes authority to dominant actors who exercise control over others. To comprehend the women's role in the deve…
Ecotourism
Since the first edition of the title, ecotourism has become a major phenomenon in tourism and society in many countries and regions throughout the world. The profusion of experiences has generated a variety of means of theorizing, analysing and marketing ecotourism, all that have yet to be encompassed in one book. Ecotourism fills the gap by synthesising the changes in thinking and society over the last decade. This third edition has been fully r…
Poor children on Tinder’ and their Barbie Saviours
Barbie Saviours is a satirical Instagram account and linked Facebook page that depict white western Barbies volunteering in Africa with the bio, ‘Jesus. Adventures. Africa. Two worlds. One love. Babies. Beauty. Not qualified. Called. 20 years old. It’s not about me... but it kind of is’. Drawing on emerging theories of feminist political economy, we address the growing backlash against volunteer tourism in the popular media and argue that critiqu…
Evaluating volunteer tourism
This paper examines the challenges of evaluating volunteer tourism and looks towards possibilities for rethinking the ways in which the phenomenon is conceptualised. We reflect on the debates and practices that have emerged since the first theoretical exploration introduced over 15 years ago in a book titled Volunteer tourism: Experiences that make a difference. This review paper commences with a discussion of the criticisms that have been target…
A rite of passage? Exploring youth transformation and global citizenry in the study abroad experience
Travel, long recognised as a rite of passage, is often also touted as a transformative experience which facilitates cross-cultural understanding, fosters an embrace of diversity and promotes global awareness. This process is aligned with youth development and has a rich history in the tourism literature. The importance of transformational travel, however, has now spread to programmes across the higher education landscape, with the recognition tha…
Understanding the tourist experience of cities
Social Psychology, Consumer Culture and Neoliberal Political Economy
Consumer culture and neoliberal political economy are often viewed by social psychologists as topics reserved for anthropologists, economists, political scientists and sociologists. This paper takes an alternative view arguing that social psychology needs to better understand these two intertwined institutions as they can both challenge and provide a number of important insights into social psychological theories of self-identity and their relate…
Marketing National Parks for Sustainable Tourism
Chapter 1: An Environmental Context for Sustainable National Park Marketing Chapter 2: Mainstream to Alternative Tourism Marketing Chapter 3: Sustainable Tourism Marketing - A Wicked Policy Challenge for Park Managers Chapter 4: Approaches to Marketing Ephemeral Tourist Experiences Chapter 5: The Multifaceted Rural, Power and the Marketing of Culture through Interpretation Chapter 6: Tragedy of the Commons or Solution for the Commons
Journeys of creation
The purpose of this study is to offer an analysis of the tourist experience through a focus on ‘epiphany’, which is conceptualized as an interactional moment that creates change and transformation in self-identity. We suggest that an epiphany in tourism can be understood by analysing its links with the philosophical concepts of existential authenticity, the Other and the unknown. In the experience of the unknown, the traveller becomes more consci…
Time as culture
Volunteer tourism engages the volunteer in a cultural exchange that is personal and often influential in their life experience. This paper explores one aspect of this exchange, the idea of time in travel, and finds that the volunteer tourist experience is particularly influenced by cultural time differences. When volunteer tourists travel and return home, the emotions and behaviours which emerge in their narratives of experience are usually frame…
Leisure in a world of ‘com-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-puter-puter, puter games’
This article is a conversation between an academic and his 14-year-old son and investigates the links between leisure and computer games. It focuses specifically on the son as an adolescent in the context of Western consumer society. It is interested in how he explores his leisure in relation to the computer game ‘League of Legends’ and how this indicates his adolescent self, which is a self that is increasingly targeted, marketed, packaged and p…
ALR special issue - ‘Alternative’ cultures and leisure
Does Bear do it for you? Gen-Y gappers and alternative tourism
Popular culture and travel are both major points of interest within the realm of leisure in contemporary consumer society. Respectively, they are both highly contentious and diverse fields. This paper explores the more specific areas of popular culture celebrities and alternative tourism in an effort to examine the influence that popular culture and travel engagements have on a segment of Generation Y (Gen-Y) – the gappers. These two areas of lei…
Whale Watching as Ecotourism
Australia has long tried to portray itself as an environmentally responsible state and has consistently been a strong supporter of Whale Watching as an alternative to the practice of commercial and 'scientific' whaling. This paper explores whale watching in an effort to determine the economic and social viability of it as a sustainable marine tourism activity -and whether in the future the whale and the tourist can coexist or will the latter as w…
Ecotourism
'Ecotourism' outlines the phenomenon of Ecotourism; its sources and its development as a concept. Conservation issues are now at the forefront of public opinion - Nature is calling us to its wilds and we are responding in droves. The decline of natural rainforests, loss of endangered species, global warming and land degradation have galvanised public support for conservation. The interest in Ecotourism and nature-orientated tourism has coincided …
A Reconceptualisation of the Self in Humanistic Psychology
Since the early 1970s humanistic psychology has struggled to remain a relevant force in the social and psychological sciences, we attribute this in part to a conceptualisation of the self rooted in theoretically outmoded thinking. In response to the issue of relevancy a sociocultural turn has been called for within humanistic psychology, which draws directly and indirectly on the conceptual insights of Michel Foucault. However, this growing body …
Gap year volunteer tourism
Refocussing the tourist experience
In current sociological analyses of tourist experience, class, race, ethnicity, age and gender are being incorporated into frameworks which initially assumed that male views of the phenomenon are universal. In this paper we seek to incorporate gender into the fundamental conceptualization of the tourist and the tourist destination. Drawing on concepts from interactionist and poststructural feminist theories we critique the male bias in the concep…
Conceptualizing the selves of tourism
A profusion of touristic experiences of the last 20 years has generated a variety of means of theorizing, analysing and marketing tourism. This paper has sought to recentre the analysis on the ideas of a conceptualization of the self through the tourism experience. Predominant current conceptualizations of tourism as commiditized escapes have been re-examined and recontextualized in the light of feminised post structural viewpoints to bring a ric…
All in a day's leisure’
This paper suggests that leisure conceptualized as time or activity alone poses problems for gender. The underlying idea of leisure as freely-chosen, self-actualizing experience is presented as a basis for broadening the concept. Both the limitations and the freedoms inherent in the leisure experience of women and men may be explained through such a concept of leisure. This concept leads us to explore new areas of literature, in particular femini…
Adolescent women, identity and smoking
Recent theorising concerning leisure has suggested that this sphere, along with the family, the educational system and the occupation system, contributes to identity formation and more especially to gender identity. However, feminist analyses suggest that leisure can be both an area for the subordination and domination of women and an area of resistance to dominant ideologies and discourses. Questions are raised within this framework as to the ne…
Refiguring Self And Identity Through Volunteer Tourism
RÉSUMÉQuels sont les effets de l'expérience de voyage sur le moi et l'identité du touriste ? Le voyage bénévole offre-t-il l'occasion de rechercher l'identité par d'autres moyens ? Les théories interactionistes et post-colonialistes, avancées dans le contexte des études sur le loisir et le tourisme, peuvent nous permettre d'aller au-delà de ce qui, dans une large mesure, est resté confinée à la tradition de la pensée occidentale : une prédominanc…
Understanding the tourist experience of cities
De-Constructing Wonderland
The purpose of this paper is to deconstruct surfing tourist space (Wonderland) in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia, and to show the distribution of wealth generated through foreign tourists accessing local resources is inequitable and unsustainable. The discovery of world-class surf in this region in the early 1990’s spawned the rapid development of a foreign-controlled surfing tourism industry. This paper seeks to establish the notion of ‘tourist…
A rite of passage? Exploring youth transformation and global citizenry in the study abroad experience
Travel, long recognised as a rite of passage, is often also touted as a transformative experience which facilitates cross-cultural understanding, fosters an embrace of diversity and promotes global awareness. This process is aligned with youth development and has a rich history in the tourism literature. The importance of transformational travel, however, has now spread to programmes across the higher education landscape, with the recognition tha…
Social Psychology, Consumer Culture and Neoliberal Political Economy
Consumer culture and neoliberal political economy are often viewed by social psychologists as topics reserved for anthropologists, economists, political scientists and sociologists. This paper takes an alternative view arguing that social psychology needs to better understand these two intertwined institutions as they can both challenge and provide a number of important insights into social psychological theories of self-identity and their relate…
Evaluating volunteer tourism
This paper examines the challenges of evaluating volunteer tourism and looks towards possibilities for rethinking the ways in which the phenomenon is conceptualised. We reflect on the debates and practices that have emerged since the first theoretical exploration introduced over 15 years ago in a book titled Volunteer tourism: Experiences that make a difference. This review paper commences with a discussion of the criticisms that have been target…
Identity and the commodification of leisure
This paper examines the effect commodifying leisure has on its perceived quality for the individual. We argue that leisure has a great deal to contribute to individual identity in urban industrial society, but that this is being overshadowed in a market economy which commodifies leisure and produces it for a large number of people, with a focus on profit. This idea leads us to examine the conformity and gender stereotyping potentiality of leisure…
Exploring adolescent computer gaming as leisure experience and consumption
The popular media and some aspects of social science research view computer gaming either in disruptive pathological terms or through one-dimensional notions, such as violence inducing or as simple escapism. These singular perspectives create gaps in the research and skew our understanding of computer games as a social phenomenon. To address this, we examine computer gaming as a leisure experience in the context of contemporary western consumer c…
Poor children on Tinder’ and their Barbie Saviours
Barbie Saviours is a satirical Instagram account and linked Facebook page that depict white western Barbies volunteering in Africa with the bio, ‘Jesus. Adventures. Africa. Two worlds. One love. Babies. Beauty. Not qualified. Called. 20 years old. It’s not about me... but it kind of is’. Drawing on emerging theories of feminist political economy, we address the growing backlash against volunteer tourism in the popular media and argue that critiqu…
Host communities and last chance tourism
Last Chance Tourism (LCT) has emerged in recent years as an adaptive response of the global tourism industry to the threats and opportunities of climate change. Referring to the act of travellers explicitly seeking out natural and/or cultural attractions that they deem to be at threat, LCT occurs in many of the World's most iconic and fragile tourism destination regions. While academic scholarship around LCT grows, authors are beginning to questi…
Reflections on the Ambiguous Intersections between Volunteering and Tourism
In this paper we critique the intersections between volunteering and tourism and consider how these have been treated in scholarly research. We highlight how current narrow definitions of volunteer tourism may be obscuring activities which could further expand our understanding of the intersections of volunteering and tourism. We reflect on three examples from our own research to explore atypical volunteer tourism activities that push at the curr…
Digital gaming culture in Vietnam
New information and communication technologies continue to spread rapidly into the Asian marketplace, which has led to new patterns of leisure consumption, one of the most popular being digital gaming. However, in Vietnam there is limited research on gaming as a leisure activity. The purpose of this study is to explore the phenomenon of digital gaming in Vietnam to better understand how it is practiced in this culture. Semi-structured interviews …
Engaging volunteer tourism in post-disaster recovery in Nepal
Narcissism and Neo-Liberalism
The purpose of this paper is to trace some of the links between neo-liberalism, narcissism and the influence of work, leisure and consumer culture on self-identity. By examining narcissism as an instrument of personality and social psychological analysis, we investigate the ways in which self-identity in neo-liberal societies is constructed and fulfilled through interactions with the marketplace, promoting self-interest and success in the form of…
Moving Beyond Conspicuous Leisure Consumption
In this paper we explore mobile phones as a form of fashion accessory for young women in contemporary culture and the possible value of such fashionable items as a source of identity and self‐worth. Despite reliance on the usual stultifying stereotypes produced by marketeers to promote mobile phones, we explore the possibility that increased access to public space generates for adolescent girls alternative choices of leisure experiences and possi…
Smoking as a fashion accessory in the 90s
Conspicuous consumption, as conceptualized by Veblen, increasingly influences people's choices of leisure commodities, not for their use value but for their signification in terms of identity and status. This paper explores the impact on their identity formation of their choice of smoking as a leisure activity by adolescent girls. We ask, 'why do adolescent women adopt the images of women produced by the smoking marketeers?'; 'why do adolescent w…
Public–private partnerships and contested cultural heritage tourism in national parks
This paper examines the public perceptions of stakeholders towards a proposed cultural heritage public–private partnership (PPP) within a national park in Sydney, Australia. Governments in Australia are initiating PPPs for the purposes of designing, planning, constructing and operating projects that would traditionally be regarded as ‘public goods’. The North Head Quarantine Station (Sydney, Australia) was one of the first proposed PPPs in nation…
Journeys of creation
The purpose of this study is to offer an analysis of the tourist experience through a focus on ‘epiphany’, which is conceptualized as an interactional moment that creates change and transformation in self-identity. We suggest that an epiphany in tourism can be understood by analysing its links with the philosophical concepts of existential authenticity, the Other and the unknown. In the experience of the unknown, the traveller becomes more consci…
Leisure in a world of ‘com-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-pu-puter-puter, puter games’
This article is a conversation between an academic and his 14-year-old son and investigates the links between leisure and computer games. It focuses specifically on the son as an adolescent in the context of Western consumer society. It is interested in how he explores his leisure in relation to the computer game ‘League of Legends’ and how this indicates his adolescent self, which is a self that is increasingly targeted, marketed, packaged and p…
Consumer culture, the mobilisation of the narcissistic self and adolescent deviant leisure
The purpose of this analysis is to investigate the consumer packaging of adolescent deviance through commodified leisure. It argues that under conditions of neoliberalism, deviant leisure is commodified by industry, emptying deviance of its political potential, selling it back to adolescents in the form of narcissistic self-identities. These self-identities appear to challenge authority, albeit produced within youth culture and marketing, purchas…
All in a day's leisure’
This paper suggests that leisure conceptualized as time or activity alone poses problems for gender. The underlying idea of leisure as freely-chosen, self-actualizing experience is presented as a basis for broadening the concept. Both the limitations and the freedoms inherent in the leisure experience of women and men may be explained through such a concept of leisure. This concept leads us to explore new areas of literature, in particular femini…
Rainforest tourism
Identity and the commodification of leisure
This paper examines the effect commodifying leisure has on its perceived quality for the individual. We argue that leisure has a great deal to contribute to individual identity in urban industrial society, but that this is being overshadowed in a market economy which commodifies leisure and produces it for a large number of people, with a focus on profit. This idea leads us to examine the conformity and gender stereotyping potentiality of leisure…
Adolescent women, identity and smoking
Recent theorising concerning leisure has suggested that this sphere, along with the family, the educational system and the occupation system, contributes to identity formation and more especially to gender identity. However, feminist analyses suggest that leisure can be both an area for the subordination and domination of women and an area of resistance to dominant ideologies and discourses. Questions are raised within this framework as to the ne…
Refocussing the tourist experience
In current sociological analyses of tourist experience, class, race, ethnicity, age and gender are being incorporated into frameworks which initially assumed that male views of the phenomenon are universal. In this paper we seek to incorporate gender into the fundamental conceptualization of the tourist and the tourist destination. Drawing on concepts from interactionist and poststructural feminist theories we critique the male bias in the concep…
Decommodifying Ecotourism
This article examines the implications of a decommodifying thesis for the global-local politics of host communities and ecotourism, and the future of this form of tourism in Australia and elsewhere. Decommodified social policy is usually accessible to all and places social objectives and human rights such as the right to work or to a decent standard of living over that of economic value and ends. The commodified/decommodified distinction can also…
Refiguring Self And Identity Through Volunteer Tourism
RÉSUMÉQuels sont les effets de l'expérience de voyage sur le moi et l'identité du touriste ? Le voyage bénévole offre-t-il l'occasion de rechercher l'identité par d'autres moyens ? Les théories interactionistes et post-colonialistes, avancées dans le contexte des études sur le loisir et le tourisme, peuvent nous permettre d'aller au-delà de ce qui, dans une large mesure, est resté confinée à la tradition de la pensée occidentale : une prédominanc…
Smoking as a fashion accessory in the 90s
Conspicuous consumption, as conceptualized by Veblen, increasingly influences people's choices of leisure commodities, not for their use value but for their signification in terms of identity and status. This paper explores the impact on their identity formation of their choice of smoking as a leisure activity by adolescent girls. We ask, 'why do adolescent women adopt the images of women produced by the smoking marketeers?'; 'why do adolescent w…
Conceptualizing the selves of tourism
A profusion of touristic experiences of the last 20 years has generated a variety of means of theorizing, analysing and marketing tourism. This paper has sought to recentre the analysis on the ideas of a conceptualization of the self through the tourism experience. Predominant current conceptualizations of tourism as commiditized escapes have been re-examined and recontextualized in the light of feminised post structural viewpoints to bring a ric…
Challenging interpretation to discover more inclusive models
Participation in higher risk outdoor adventure activities has increased significantly in recent years and this trend is expected to continue in the foreseeable future. It is suggested in this paper that the general focus of much current interpretive practice excludes those elements central to the outdoor adventure experience, namely, risk, the experience of nature in its rawest form, and the ability to interact with nature with no imposed values.…
Seeking Self
Each individual's meaning of the leisure and tourism experience will be constructed according to the recreationist and tourist's own cultural and social background, the purpose of the visit, the companions, preconceived and observed values of the social group, the marketing images of the destination and, above all the relationships of power between recreationist/tourist destination or area. If the space is perceived as one in which interactions o…
Volunteer Tourism
Interconnected Worlds
Global ecotourism policies and case studies perspectives and constraints
Developing Effective Interpretation Through Multiple Intelligence Theory, Market Segmentation and the Interpretive Opportunity Spectrum
As national parks face growing visitor use pressures, a more integrated approached to management is needed to ensure the sustainability of the conservation and recreation activities and objectives of parks. This paper presents the results of a research project that explored how interpretation may be presented by using learning theory market segmentation and a relevant management model. A number of management models have been created and developed…
De-Constructing Wonderland
The purpose of this paper is to deconstruct surfing tourist space (Wonderland) in the Mentawai Islands, Indonesia, and to show the distribution of wealth generated through foreign tourists accessing local resources is inequitable and unsustainable. The discovery of world-class surf in this region in the early 1990’s spawned the rapid development of a foreign-controlled surfing tourism industry. This paper seeks to establish the notion of ‘tourist…
Enchanted Parklands
What is the religious or spiritual significance of the Australian natural environment to non-Indigenous Australians? This question is asked in relation to the parklands along the Georges River, in south-western Sydney, and some of the ethnic groups who live in the ‘social catchment’ of these parklands. The post-Reformation rationalist Christianity of Anglo-Celtic migrants led to a degree of institutional religious disengagement with nature, a dis…
Narcissism and Neo-Liberalism
The purpose of this paper is to trace some of the links between neo-liberalism, narcissism and the influence of work, leisure and consumer culture on self-identity. By examining narcissism as an instrument of personality and social psychological analysis, we investigate the ways in which self-identity in neo-liberal societies is constructed and fulfilled through interactions with the marketplace, promoting self-interest and success in the form of…
Moving Beyond Conspicuous Leisure Consumption
In this paper we explore mobile phones as a form of fashion accessory for young women in contemporary culture and the possible value of such fashionable items as a source of identity and self‐worth. Despite reliance on the usual stultifying stereotypes produced by marketeers to promote mobile phones, we explore the possibility that increased access to public space generates for adolescent girls alternative choices of leisure experiences and possi…
Pro-Poor Tourism
Fishing the Georges River
Fishing is the most popular recreation in Australia but there are many different ways in which Australians have fished. Here are just a few extracts from interviews with people who live near and use the Georges River, a large tidal river in Sydney’s suburban south-west.1 They suggest the diverse skills and knowledge on the river, but also the currents of emotion, fear and politics which swirl around everyday fishing: Mahmoud lives in Bankstown bu…
Ecotourism
Ecotourism: Impacts, Potentials and Possibilities analyzes the impacts of mainstream tourism in first, second and third world countries, and argues the benefits of adopting the philosophical approaches of ecotourism to create a more sustainable tourism industry in every country around the world. Conservation and ecotourism issues are now at the forefront of public opinion. The decline of natural rainforests, loss of endangered species, global war…
The nature of peak experience in wilderness
This study sought to identify the distinctive elements of wilderness settings that contribute to triggering peak experiences. Thirty-nine participants who had visited wilderness areas were recruited using a voluntary wilderness registration system operated by the Victorian National Parks Service, Australia. Using a postal survey, participants were asked to provide a written response to an open-ended question requesting them to describe, in their …
Public–private partnerships and contested cultural heritage tourism in national parks
This paper examines the public perceptions of stakeholders towards a proposed cultural heritage public–private partnership (PPP) within a national park in Sydney, Australia. Governments in Australia are initiating PPPs for the purposes of designing, planning, constructing and operating projects that would traditionally be regarded as ‘public goods’. The North Head Quarantine Station (Sydney, Australia) was one of the first proposed PPPs in nation…
Introduction to the special issue on volunteer tourism
(2009). Introduction to the special issue on volunteer tourism. Annals of Leisure Research: Vol. 12, Volunteer Tourism, pp. 269-271
Sociology (45 obras) · Political science (44 obras) · Tourism (44 obras) · Geography (29 obras) · Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research (25 obras) · Business (24 obras) · Tourism, Volunteerism, and Development (24 obras) · Law (22 obras) · Psychology (18 obras) · Law (17 obras)