E Wei
Biographic Data
| ID | 24589 |
|---|---|
| NAME | E Wei |
| GIVEN NAMES | E |
| FAMILY NAME | Wei |
| SIGNATURE | WEI E |
| AFFILIATIONS | San Jose State University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8545-4527 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 29 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 332 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 29 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2001 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Stanford Academic Freedom Conference
Anthropologist Elizabeth Weiss gives a blow-by-blow report based on her participation in the Stanford Academic Freedom Conference on November 4th and 5th of 2022. The conference was organized in the wake of the unprecedented censorship of Stanford scientists who dissented from established policy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conference featured a range of perspectives on the state of academic freedom as well as suggestions for counteracting c…
No Bones About It: Sex Is Binary
Anthropology's three ontological turns: A Reply to Marks & Geller At38(5)
Repatriation and the Threat to Objective Knowledge
The values of multiculturalism and scientific progress collide with federal laws such as the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, which require that human remains and cultural items discovered on tribal lands be given over to the descendants of Native Americans. For many of these descendants, the scientific study of objects that could improve our understanding of North American culture, history, and biology is not a high priori…
Repatriation and Erasing the Past
Enigmatic Cranial Superstructures among Chamorro Ancestors from the Mariana Islands: Comparative Geographic Variation and a Proposal About Their Meaning
Sublime expression of three ectocranial occipital superstructures (OSSs)—occipital torus tubercles (TOTs), retromastoid processes (PRs), and posterior supramastoid tubercles (TSPs)—is virtually restricted to Oceania, with epicenters in the Mariana Islands, Tonga, Mocha Island, and perhaps other Oceanic locales such as the West Sepik Coast of New Guinea. Enigmatic in etiology, OSSs are anatomically related to entheses for the trapezius, superior o…
Biological distance at the Ryan Mound site
OBJECTIVES: The Ryan Mound site in California spans 2000 years and has been utilized in over 200 studies. The Ryan Mound has been assumed to be a culturally and, therefore, a biologically continuous population over time. This study attempts to determine whether adults at the Ryan Mound consisted of a continuous population over the span of three temporal periods by using nonmetric skeletal traits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight nonmetric cran…
Examining Activity Patterns and Biological Confounding Factors: Differences between Fibrocartilaginous and Fibrous Musculoskeletal Stress Markers
The present study examines a sample of 105 hunter–gatherer California Amerinds to determine whether fibrocartilaginous musculoskeletal stress markers (MSMs) are better for activity reconstructions than fibrous MSMs. Femoral and humeral head diameters were measured as proxies to body size. All data were analysed for statistical significance using non-parametric tests. Fibrous MSMs of the left deltoideus, left and right hip adductors, and left and …
Bipedalism and Musculoskeletal Stress Markers: Variation and What It Reveals About Adaptation, Environmental Stress, and Reconstructing Activity Patterns
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350)
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350) Al W. Schwitalla 2013. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis, No. 17, Davis, California. xviii + 226
Hand osteoarthritis and bone loss: Is there an inverse relationship?
A paracondylar process and early onset cervical osteoarthritis in a California Amerind adult
Olduvai Hominin 8 foot pathology: A comparative study attempting a differential diagnosis
Brief communication: Radiographic study of metatarsal one basal epiphyseal fusion: A note of caution on age determination
This study examines radiographs of first metatarsals of 131 individuals from age 17–88 years to determine whether internal basal epiphyseal lines may be visible past the age of metatarsal fusion, which usually occurs between 14 and 16 years of age (Scheuer and Black: The juvenile skeleton. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004 ). In 29% (38 out of 131) of the radiographed first metatarsals (MT1s) the basal epiphyseal scar is visible, including…
Sex differences in musculoskeletal stress markers: Problems with activity pattern reconstructions
This study examined six musculoskeletal stress marker (MSM) scores that showed reverse sex differences in the previously published research. MSM scores often differ by sex within a population. Most often females have lower MSM scores than do males; however, reverse sex differences do occur. If reverse sex differences are culturally specific, then these MSM scores are more likely caused by activity patterns than biology. Yet, if the same MSM score…
Cranial muscle markers: A preliminary examination of size, sex, and age effects
A Qualitative Study of Ex-Gay and Ex-Ex-Gay Experiences
Some individuals attempt to change their sexual orientation to resolve conflict between sexual orientation and religious belief. The psychological and social experiences of individuals attempting such change are not well documented scientifically. This study used qualitative methodology to explore the psychological and social experiences of individuals as they attempt to change their orientation. The findings support and extend existing research …
The Hero Concept: Self, Family, and Friends who are Brave, Honest, and Hopeful
The concept of the hero is pervasive and enduring, extending across time, culture, and age. Although an influential schema, the hero has not been empirically examined in depth. Heroic exemplars given by students and community members were examined, and the hypotheses that individuals with high Heroism scores are more hopeful and report higher Coping than individuals with low Heroism scores were also tested. Participants reported similar depiction…
Sex differences in humeral bilateral asymmetry in two hunter‐gatherer populations: California Amerinds and British Columbian Amerinds
This study uses two prehistoric Amerindian populations of hunter‐gatherer subsistence patterns to determine whether levels of sexual dimorphism in humeral bilateral cross‐sectional asymmetry are related to sex‐specific differences in activities among these populations. Results confirmed that males of the California Amerind population who engaged in the more unimanual activities of spear hunting and warfare were more asymmetrical than were their f…
Spondylolysis in a pre-contact San Francisco Bay population: Behavioural and Anatomical Sex Differences
Spondylolysis refers to a separation of the spinal body from the arch. Researchers have documented that these fractures occur due to stresses related to activities involving the lower limb and back. Spondylolysis in sacral and lumbar vertebrae of 146 (66 males, 66 females, 14 indeterminates) California Amerinds were examined to determine whether sex differences were present. Sacral anatomy (i.e. sacralisation and lumbarisation, sacral base angles…
Osteoarthritis revisited: A contemporary review of aetiology
Osteoarthritis is among the most common pathological conditions in skeletal collections and is the most frequent musculoskeletal disorder in contemporary populations. Jurmain ( 1991 ) has previously published in this journal a brief review of skeletal perspectives on osteoarthritis. Subsequent studies by osteologists and medical researchers have added considerably to understanding of the aetiology and patterning of osteoarthritis. Thus, it is tim…
Muscle markers revisited: Activity pattern reconstruction with controls in a central California Amerind population
Anthropologists frequently use musculoskeletal stress markers to reconstruct past activity patterns. Yet, researchers have called into question the reliability of muscle marker measurements in part because body size and age affect muscle marker scores. In this study, the author examined an aggregate upper limb muscle marker to determine if after controlling for the effects of body size and age, one could reconstruct activity patterns of a prehist…
Osteoarthritis and body mass
Humeral cross‐sectional morphology from 18th century Quebec prisoners of war: Limits to activity reconstruction
This study uses measures of cross‐sectional robusticity and asymmetry (based on humeral areal and inertial cross‐sectional components) to test a prediction from bone remodeling theory that a physically active 18th century Quebec prisoner of war sample (N = 25) should have more robust and asymmetrical humeri than a nonphysically active 20th century New Mexico suburbanite sample (N = 27). Narrative accounts document that prisoners of war engaged in…
Understanding muscle markers: Lower limbs
Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they may be confounded by body size. In this study, an aggregate muscle marker variable was calculated using 20 insertion sites (14 femoral, 6 tibial), and I examined their effects on lower limb size (as a proxy for body size), age, and sex. Analyses were made of …
Understanding muscle markers: Aggregation and construct validity
Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet, the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they allegedly fail to correlate with cross‐sectional properties and exercise patterns, and are confounded by body size. In this study, the principle of aggregation was used to sum muscle markers over 7 insertion sites (4 humeral, 2 radial, and 1 ulnar) and exami…
Muscle markers revisited: Activity pattern reconstruction with controls in a central California Amerind population
Anthropologists frequently use musculoskeletal stress markers to reconstruct past activity patterns. Yet, researchers have called into question the reliability of muscle marker measurements in part because body size and age affect muscle marker scores. In this study, the author examined an aggregate upper limb muscle marker to determine if after controlling for the effects of body size and age, one could reconstruct activity patterns of a prehist…
Understanding muscle markers: Lower limbs
Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they may be confounded by body size. In this study, an aggregate muscle marker variable was calculated using 20 insertion sites (14 femoral, 6 tibial), and I examined their effects on lower limb size (as a proxy for body size), age, and sex. Analyses were made of …
Effects of rowing on humeral strength
This study used an aggregate measure of robusticity (based on humeral areal and inertial cross‐sectional components) to test the hypothesis that rowing on oceans led to more robust humeri than did rowing on rivers or not rowing at all. Results confirmed the hypothesis that male ocean‐rowers had more robust humeri than did male river‐rowers or nonrowers. However, although the females from the ocean‐rowing populations did not row, they averaged mor…
Sex differences in musculoskeletal stress markers: Problems with activity pattern reconstructions
This study examined six musculoskeletal stress marker (MSM) scores that showed reverse sex differences in the previously published research. MSM scores often differ by sex within a population. Most often females have lower MSM scores than do males; however, reverse sex differences do occur. If reverse sex differences are culturally specific, then these MSM scores are more likely caused by activity patterns than biology. Yet, if the same MSM score…
Sex differences in humeral bilateral asymmetry in two hunter‐gatherer populations: California Amerinds and British Columbian Amerinds
This study uses two prehistoric Amerindian populations of hunter‐gatherer subsistence patterns to determine whether levels of sexual dimorphism in humeral bilateral cross‐sectional asymmetry are related to sex‐specific differences in activities among these populations. Results confirmed that males of the California Amerind population who engaged in the more unimanual activities of spear hunting and warfare were more asymmetrical than were their f…
Examining Activity Patterns and Biological Confounding Factors: Differences between Fibrocartilaginous and Fibrous Musculoskeletal Stress Markers
The present study examines a sample of 105 hunter–gatherer California Amerinds to determine whether fibrocartilaginous musculoskeletal stress markers (MSMs) are better for activity reconstructions than fibrous MSMs. Femoral and humeral head diameters were measured as proxies to body size. All data were analysed for statistical significance using non-parametric tests. Fibrous MSMs of the left deltoideus, left and right hip adductors, and left and …
Osteoarthritis and body mass
Humeral cross‐sectional morphology from 18th century Quebec prisoners of war: Limits to activity reconstruction
This study uses measures of cross‐sectional robusticity and asymmetry (based on humeral areal and inertial cross‐sectional components) to test a prediction from bone remodeling theory that a physically active 18th century Quebec prisoner of war sample (N = 25) should have more robust and asymmetrical humeri than a nonphysically active 20th century New Mexico suburbanite sample (N = 27). Narrative accounts document that prisoners of war engaged in…
No Bones About It: Sex Is Binary
Spondylolysis in a pre-contact San Francisco Bay population: Behavioural and Anatomical Sex Differences
Spondylolysis refers to a separation of the spinal body from the arch. Researchers have documented that these fractures occur due to stresses related to activities involving the lower limb and back. Spondylolysis in sacral and lumbar vertebrae of 146 (66 males, 66 females, 14 indeterminates) California Amerinds were examined to determine whether sex differences were present. Sacral anatomy (i.e. sacralisation and lumbarisation, sacral base angles…
Kennewick Man's Funeral: The Burying of Scientific Evidence
Kennewick Man, an early Holocene (9,000 years old) skeleton found in Washington State in 1996, has been a lightening rod for political discussion. Due to his alleged Caucasoid features, Kennewick Man controversially called into question who first peopled the Americas. A projectile point lodged in his hip also catapulted him to celebrity status. Spared the quick (within ninety days after an inquiry) repatriation typically re- quired under the 1990…
Biological distance at the Ryan Mound site
OBJECTIVES: The Ryan Mound site in California spans 2000 years and has been utilized in over 200 studies. The Ryan Mound has been assumed to be a culturally and, therefore, a biologically continuous population over time. This study attempts to determine whether adults at the Ryan Mound consisted of a continuous population over the span of three temporal periods by using nonmetric skeletal traits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight nonmetric cran…
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350)
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350) Al W. Schwitalla 2013. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis, No. 17, Davis, California. xviii + 226
Brief communication: Radiographic study of metatarsal one basal epiphyseal fusion: A note of caution on age determination
This study examines radiographs of first metatarsals of 131 individuals from age 17–88 years to determine whether internal basal epiphyseal lines may be visible past the age of metatarsal fusion, which usually occurs between 14 and 16 years of age (Scheuer and Black: The juvenile skeleton. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004 ). In 29% (38 out of 131) of the radiographed first metatarsals (MT1s) the basal epiphyseal scar is visible, including…
Anthropology's three ontological turns: A Reply to Marks & Geller At38(5)
Kennewick Man's Funeral: The Burying of Scientific Evidence
Kennewick Man, an early Holocene (9,000 years old) skeleton found in Washington State in 1996, has been a lightening rod for political discussion. Due to his alleged Caucasoid features, Kennewick Man controversially called into question who first peopled the Americas. A projectile point lodged in his hip also catapulted him to celebrity status. Spared the quick (within ninety days after an inquiry) repatriation typically re- quired under the 1990…
Drought-Related Changes in Two Hunter–Gatherer California Populations
Skeletal remains from two California cemeteries bracketing a severe drought that began around 1200 yr B.P. are analyzed to determine drought-related quality of life changes in Native Americans. Cemetery 1 predates the drought at 2895±160 yr B.P. to 1845±90 yr B.P. and Cemetery 2 dates it at 1100±90 yr B.P. to 1220±200 yr B.P. Quality of life was assessed through femoral computerized tomography scan measures of cortical thickness, age at adult dea…
Understanding muscle markers: Aggregation and construct validity
Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet, the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they allegedly fail to correlate with cross‐sectional properties and exercise patterns, and are confounded by body size. In this study, the principle of aggregation was used to sum muscle markers over 7 insertion sites (4 humeral, 2 radial, and 1 ulnar) and exami…
Effects of rowing on humeral strength
This study used an aggregate measure of robusticity (based on humeral areal and inertial cross‐sectional components) to test the hypothesis that rowing on oceans led to more robust humeri than did rowing on rivers or not rowing at all. Results confirmed the hypothesis that male ocean‐rowers had more robust humeri than did male river‐rowers or nonrowers. However, although the females from the ocean‐rowing populations did not row, they averaged mor…
Understanding muscle markers: Lower limbs
Musculoskeletal markers are frequently used to reconstruct past lifestyles and activity patterns. Yet the reliability of muscle marker measurements has been called into question because they may be confounded by body size. In this study, an aggregate muscle marker variable was calculated using 20 insertion sites (14 femoral, 6 tibial), and I examined their effects on lower limb size (as a proxy for body size), age, and sex. Analyses were made of …
Osteoarthritis and body mass
Humeral cross‐sectional morphology from 18th century Quebec prisoners of war: Limits to activity reconstruction
This study uses measures of cross‐sectional robusticity and asymmetry (based on humeral areal and inertial cross‐sectional components) to test a prediction from bone remodeling theory that a physically active 18th century Quebec prisoner of war sample (N = 25) should have more robust and asymmetrical humeri than a nonphysically active 20th century New Mexico suburbanite sample (N = 27). Narrative accounts document that prisoners of war engaged in…
Osteoarthritis revisited: A contemporary review of aetiology
Osteoarthritis is among the most common pathological conditions in skeletal collections and is the most frequent musculoskeletal disorder in contemporary populations. Jurmain ( 1991 ) has previously published in this journal a brief review of skeletal perspectives on osteoarthritis. Subsequent studies by osteologists and medical researchers have added considerably to understanding of the aetiology and patterning of osteoarthritis. Thus, it is tim…
Muscle markers revisited: Activity pattern reconstruction with controls in a central California Amerind population
Anthropologists frequently use musculoskeletal stress markers to reconstruct past activity patterns. Yet, researchers have called into question the reliability of muscle marker measurements in part because body size and age affect muscle marker scores. In this study, the author examined an aggregate upper limb muscle marker to determine if after controlling for the effects of body size and age, one could reconstruct activity patterns of a prehist…
The Hero Concept: Self, Family, and Friends who are Brave, Honest, and Hopeful
The concept of the hero is pervasive and enduring, extending across time, culture, and age. Although an influential schema, the hero has not been empirically examined in depth. Heroic exemplars given by students and community members were examined, and the hypotheses that individuals with high Heroism scores are more hopeful and report higher Coping than individuals with low Heroism scores were also tested. Participants reported similar depiction…
Sex differences in humeral bilateral asymmetry in two hunter‐gatherer populations: California Amerinds and British Columbian Amerinds
This study uses two prehistoric Amerindian populations of hunter‐gatherer subsistence patterns to determine whether levels of sexual dimorphism in humeral bilateral cross‐sectional asymmetry are related to sex‐specific differences in activities among these populations. Results confirmed that males of the California Amerind population who engaged in the more unimanual activities of spear hunting and warfare were more asymmetrical than were their f…
Spondylolysis in a pre-contact San Francisco Bay population: Behavioural and Anatomical Sex Differences
Spondylolysis refers to a separation of the spinal body from the arch. Researchers have documented that these fractures occur due to stresses related to activities involving the lower limb and back. Spondylolysis in sacral and lumbar vertebrae of 146 (66 males, 66 females, 14 indeterminates) California Amerinds were examined to determine whether sex differences were present. Sacral anatomy (i.e. sacralisation and lumbarisation, sacral base angles…
Cranial muscle markers: A preliminary examination of size, sex, and age effects
A Qualitative Study of Ex-Gay and Ex-Ex-Gay Experiences
Some individuals attempt to change their sexual orientation to resolve conflict between sexual orientation and religious belief. The psychological and social experiences of individuals attempting such change are not well documented scientifically. This study used qualitative methodology to explore the psychological and social experiences of individuals as they attempt to change their orientation. The findings support and extend existing research …
Olduvai Hominin 8 foot pathology: A comparative study attempting a differential diagnosis
Brief communication: Radiographic study of metatarsal one basal epiphyseal fusion: A note of caution on age determination
This study examines radiographs of first metatarsals of 131 individuals from age 17–88 years to determine whether internal basal epiphyseal lines may be visible past the age of metatarsal fusion, which usually occurs between 14 and 16 years of age (Scheuer and Black: The juvenile skeleton. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004 ). In 29% (38 out of 131) of the radiographed first metatarsals (MT1s) the basal epiphyseal scar is visible, including…
Sex differences in musculoskeletal stress markers: Problems with activity pattern reconstructions
This study examined six musculoskeletal stress marker (MSM) scores that showed reverse sex differences in the previously published research. MSM scores often differ by sex within a population. Most often females have lower MSM scores than do males; however, reverse sex differences do occur. If reverse sex differences are culturally specific, then these MSM scores are more likely caused by activity patterns than biology. Yet, if the same MSM score…
Hand osteoarthritis and bone loss: Is there an inverse relationship?
A paracondylar process and early onset cervical osteoarthritis in a California Amerind adult
Bipedalism and Musculoskeletal Stress Markers: Variation and What It Reveals About Adaptation, Environmental Stress, and Reconstructing Activity Patterns
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350)
Global Warming in California: A Lesson from the Medieval Climatic Anomaly (A.D. 800–1350) Al W. Schwitalla 2013. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis, No. 17, Davis, California. xviii + 226
Examining Activity Patterns and Biological Confounding Factors: Differences between Fibrocartilaginous and Fibrous Musculoskeletal Stress Markers
The present study examines a sample of 105 hunter–gatherer California Amerinds to determine whether fibrocartilaginous musculoskeletal stress markers (MSMs) are better for activity reconstructions than fibrous MSMs. Femoral and humeral head diameters were measured as proxies to body size. All data were analysed for statistical significance using non-parametric tests. Fibrous MSMs of the left deltoideus, left and right hip adductors, and left and …
Biological distance at the Ryan Mound site
OBJECTIVES: The Ryan Mound site in California spans 2000 years and has been utilized in over 200 studies. The Ryan Mound has been assumed to be a culturally and, therefore, a biologically continuous population over time. This study attempts to determine whether adults at the Ryan Mound consisted of a continuous population over the span of three temporal periods by using nonmetric skeletal traits. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight nonmetric cran…
Enigmatic Cranial Superstructures among Chamorro Ancestors from the Mariana Islands: Comparative Geographic Variation and a Proposal About Their Meaning
Sublime expression of three ectocranial occipital superstructures (OSSs)—occipital torus tubercles (TOTs), retromastoid processes (PRs), and posterior supramastoid tubercles (TSPs)—is virtually restricted to Oceania, with epicenters in the Mariana Islands, Tonga, Mocha Island, and perhaps other Oceanic locales such as the West Sepik Coast of New Guinea. Enigmatic in etiology, OSSs are anatomically related to entheses for the trapezius, superior o…
Repatriation and Erasing the Past
Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies (15 works) · Medicine (15 works) · Biology (9 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (9 works) · Anatomy (8 works) · Anatomy (8 works) · Demography (8 works) · Pathology (8 works) · Sociology (8 works) · Archaeology (6 works)