Oliver Kessler
Biographic Data
| ID | 246072 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Oliver Kessler |
| GIVEN NAMES | Oliver |
| FAMILY NAME | Kessler |
| SIGNATURE | KESSLER O |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Erfurt |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2159-9804 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 56 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 250 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 55 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Two Stories to Tell about International Political Sociology
This article identifies what International Political Sociology (IPS) is and is not, as 'IPS' debates enter their third decade in this journal. The first story presents IPS as an attempt to reconstruct the conditions of international thought: it asks how distinctions between the international, the political, and the social became possible in the first place. In this sense, IPS is associated with an inquiry into the social c onditions of thought, i…
Saddle Time as Transitional Order
This article contributes to the special issue on transitional order. The editors identify transitional orders along four dimensions: uncertainty, time, strategic ambiguity, and intentionality. This contribution argues that these four dimensions also have a conceptual dimension and that an inquiry into concepts and conceptual change can be fruitful to explore current and past transitions. This contribution suggests that the distinction of “change …
Forum: On Jens/Becoming Bartelson
This forum discusses and celebrates the career and impact of Jens Bartelson in and on Nordic academic International Relations. Through engagement with his central works and concepts, the contributions highlight the intellectual impact and development of Bartelson’s work over three decades
Historicizing theory at the end of the world
Stories we live by: The rise of Historical IR and the move to concepts
Scholars of the humanities and social sciences are necessarily storytellers. Thus, crafting narratives is an inescapable feature of the practice of International Relations scholarship. We tell stories about the past to orient ourselves in the present and envision the future. Historical International Relations has greatly expanded the repertoire of available narrative elements. However, when we read the past through the prism of our present, we ri…
Failure and Critique of the Market
This article conceptualizes the market as a concept to ask ‘how is neoliberalism able to go on?’ A question that was raised in the aftermath of the 2008 Great Financial Crisis and the persistence of market-based policies. It argues that one of the reasons is to be found in the performance of failure. Recent contributions have started to point to the cultural and ideological preconditions of failures. The following discussion seeks to contribute t…
The future is just another past
Before International Studies can confront the future, it needs to get a better grip on its past and present. The discipline lacks agreement on both its own name and the name of its object of study. More importantly, key concepts used to describe phenomena have changed continuously: no concept emerging in the 19th century has remained untouched, no envisioned future of the past could have prepared us for the present. Old concepts have been discard…
Forum on Heikki Patomäki’s World Statehood: The Future of World Politics
In this forum, six scholars discuss Heikki Patomäki’s book World Statehood: The Future of World Politics, published in 2023. The editor’s introduction situates it in the discursive contexts of cosmopolitanism, deep history and functional differentiation. Ian Crawford looks at the concept of world statehood from an astrobiologist’s point of view, putting the debate in the context of research on the possibility of life existing beyond Earth. Eva Er…
Beyond market neutrality? Central banks and the problem of climate change
Starting with a landmark speech by Mark Carney on the 'Tragedy of the Horizon' in 2015, climate change entered central banking discourse, causing some of its key convictions to come under new scrutiny. This article traces how initially climate change was firmly embedded in a conventional framework of 'market completion' that would allow financial markets to price in negative externality. Yet, over the course of the last seven years, central banks…
Agrass Questionnaire: Assessment of Risk Management in Health Care
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the development and the validity analysis of the Assessment of Risk Management in Health Care Questionnaire (AGRASS). METHODS: This is a validation study of a measurement instrument following the stages: 1) Development of conceptual model and items; 2) Formal multidisciplinary assessment; 3) Nominal group for validity analysis with national specialists; 4) Development of software and national pilot study in 62…
Between concepts and thought: Digital Technologies and Temporal Relationality
This article advances the argument that the acceleration of practices introduced by digital technologies also impact key concepts of social theory. Digital technologies not only give rise to new concepts, but they also reconfigure our entire socio-political conceptual vocabulary. In particular, this acceleration reorganises the relationship between the spatial and temporal dimensions of political concepts. As a consequence, our spatially defined …
Tactical Constructivism As Methods
Tactical Constructivism, Method, and International Relations
International Political Economy (IPE) meets International Political Sociology (IPS)
This forum opens a debate that is long overdue: for far too long, the fields of international political sociology (IPS) and international political economy (IPE) have been standing apart. Discussions take place in different conference sections, in different networks that publish in different journals. Yet, this divide is surprising given that the two fields share similar trajectories, theoretical concerns, problématiques, and conceptual challenge…
The Public and Its Problems: How the EU's Capital Market Union Defines the Bounds of Legitimate Knowledge and Redraws the Boundaries of (Public) Authority
Recent years have seen increasing theoretical and practical attempts to come to terms with the strains on public authority at the level of transnational regulation and governance. For the most part, these have followed what could be called a strategy of transposition, seeking to install functional equivalents to familiar forms of nation-state or Westphalian public authority. While useful for some analytical purposes, the validity of this strategy…
Forum Introduction: Social Theory Going Quantum-Theoretic? Questions, Alternatives and Challenges
The Mind-Body Problem and the Move from Supervenience to Quantum Mechanics
Racialised Futures: On Risk, Race and Finance
This article explores the relationship between race and finance. By looking closer at risk, this article seeks to contribute to the literature in three ways: First, the concepts of risk and uncertainty need to be understood from a post-colonial perspective. Second, through a post-colonial reading of risk, we seek to develop a different concept of risk itself which emphasises its three qualities of de-humanisation, de-socialisation, and de-territo…
Constructivism and the Politics of International Law
This chapter argues that the ‘moderate’ and ‘radical’ versions of constructivism differ in their very understanding of the politics of international law and thus the way they connect to international legal theory (ILT). The moderate version is formed as an attempt to marry sociological institutionalism with (what this version perceives to be) critical theory. The research of moderate constructivists is driven by a functionalist understanding of i…
Practices and the Problem of World Society
This contribution explores The Status of Law in World Society by looking at the practice turn in particular. Without challenging Kratochwil’s interest in practices per se, this contribution poses two questions: first, it acknowledges that the ‘practice turn’ itself is, like every intellectual movement, ambiguous with conflicting trends and developments. One of these ambiguities, however, concerns the position of the observer. Leaving this positio…
The Failure of Failure: On Constructivism, the Limits of Critique, and the Socio-Political Economy of Economics
This article explores the relevance of failure for constructivism. Starting from the constructivist focus on ‘language in use’, it conceptualises ‘failure’ as a concept rather than as an observed end or result. Instead of explaining or understanding some empirical failure, the primary questions now become how this concept is being used, and what performative consequences can be observed from this use. As such, the article’s first section develops…
The Contingency of Constructivism: On Norms, the Social, and the Third
This article argues that constructivism has not engaged with the concept of contingency sufficiently. While such noted constructivists as Onuf, Kratochwil, and Wendt often refer to ‘double contingency’, it is the concept of ‘norms’ rather than ‘contingency’ that is used to characterise constructivist theorising in International Relations (IR). In this article, I outline how moderate and radical constructivists differ in their take on norms and th…
Introduction to the Forum: The Status of Law in World Society
This introduction positions The Status of Law in World Society in the context of Friedrich V. Kratochwil’s previous contributions to International Relations. It outlines how Kratochwil has replaced the rhetorical tradition that featured prominently in Rules, Norms and Decisions by practice theories and pragmatism in his new book. It then provides an overview of the nine new Meditations contained in The Status of Law, and introduces each contribut…
Ignorance and the sociology of economics
The sociology of economics explores how the epistemic authority of economics is produced, how it evades critique, and how it limits the range of policy options. This chapter discusses the debate on the ‘crisis of economics’ in 2008–2009 and outlines the two dimensions of the debate. It reconstructs the changing constellation of economic thought. The chapter shows how today’s orthodoxy was produced and entrenched, and why ‘critique’ and ‘reflexivi…
Human Beings in International Relations
Since the 1980s, the discipline of International Relations has seen a series of disputes over its foundations. However, there has been one core concept that, although addressed in various guises, had never been explicitly and systematically engaged with in these debates: the human. This volume is the first to address comprehensively the topic of the human in world politics. It comprises cutting-edge accounts by leading scholars of how the human i…
Knowns and Unknowns in the 'War on Terror: Uncertainty and the Political Construction of Danger
Knowledge and non-knowledge are equally constitutive for political decisionmaking. The relationship between what we know, what we do not know, what we cannot know and what we do not like to know determines the cognitive frame for political practice. This article analyses how uncertainty is perceived and how danger is constructed in the global 'war on terror'. We fist identify threats, risks, catastrophes and ignorance as distinct kinds of danger.…
Extrajudicial Killing as Risk Management
This article analyses legal aspects of the 'war on terror'. It argues that, by making recourse to a semantic of risk, danger and, in particular, precaution, the 'war on terror' blurs crucial political and legal categories of public and private, of peace and war, of combatants and civilians, thus redefining the relationship between political responsibility, time and security. As a consequence, the extrajudicial killing of individuals becomes a for…
Symposium ‘The politics of international recognition’
Recognition plays a multifaceted role in international theory. In rarely communicating literatures, the term is invoked to explain creation of new states and international structures; policy choices by state and non-state actors; and normative justifiability, or lack thereof, of foreign and international politics. The purpose of this symposium is to open new possibilities for imagining and studying recognition in international politics by drawing…
On order and conflict: International Relations and the ‘communicative turn’
This article begins from the observation that while communication is a widely used catch-phrase in current IR theorising, the very concept of ‘communication’ is still mainly treated in terms of simple sender-receiver models which do not sufficiently elaborate how the insights of the ‘communicative turn’ can be made fruitful for IR theorising. The argument is developed in three steps. First – particularly drawing on the work of Karl W. Deutsch – w…
Beyond market neutrality? Central banks and the problem of climate change
Starting with a landmark speech by Mark Carney on the 'Tragedy of the Horizon' in 2015, climate change entered central banking discourse, causing some of its key convictions to come under new scrutiny. This article traces how initially climate change was firmly embedded in a conventional framework of 'market completion' that would allow financial markets to price in negative externality. Yet, over the course of the last seven years, central banks…
Stories we live by: The rise of Historical IR and the move to concepts
Scholars of the humanities and social sciences are necessarily storytellers. Thus, crafting narratives is an inescapable feature of the practice of International Relations scholarship. We tell stories about the past to orient ourselves in the present and envision the future. Historical International Relations has greatly expanded the repertoire of available narrative elements. However, when we read the past through the prism of our present, we ri…
World Society, Social Differentiation and Time: World Society and Time
Kessler, Oliver. (2012) World Society, Social Differentiation and Time. International Political Sociology, doi: 10.1111/j.1749-5687.2012.00151.x © 2012 International Studies Association In the current attempt to develop a Global Political Sociology, the concept of functional differentiation increasingly attracts attention. Functional differentiation seems to promise an avenue to describe global processes beyond a methodological nationalism. In th…
Everyday practices of international relations: People in organizations
Toward a Sociology of the International? International Relations between Anarchy and World Society
To develop a sociology of the international, it is common in international relations (IR) to use a notion of inter-subjectivity defined as the space “in-between” individual actors. This approach is based on a parts/whole systems theory where common norms and values inscribed in international law not only create a “world society” but also provide for its social cohesion. Rooted in a parts/whole distinction, the very term of inter-subjectivity take…
Beyond sectors, before the world
While security and finance are certainly different social spheres, the fact that we can detect similar shifts in both points to the existence of something that precedes these ‘realities’. If finance and security are said to be different, intertwined and related, the question then arises as to what it is that constitutes the differences and similarities between them. This article argues that further inquiry into the boundary between the two leads …
From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics
The changing contours of conflicts, wars, and crises with and after the end of the Cold War have led to a semantic shift: Not the avoidance of threats, so the argument goes, but the management of risks characterizes contemporary security practices. By juxtaposing the well-known security “dilemma” with the new “security paradox,” this contribution argues that a redefinition of “uncertainty” and “probability” is constitutive for this semantic shift…
Racialised Futures: On Risk, Race and Finance
This article explores the relationship between race and finance. By looking closer at risk, this article seeks to contribute to the literature in three ways: First, the concepts of risk and uncertainty need to be understood from a post-colonial perspective. Second, through a post-colonial reading of risk, we seek to develop a different concept of risk itself which emphasises its three qualities of de-humanisation, de-socialisation, and de-territo…
Sleeping with the enemy? On Hayek, constructivist thought, and the current economic crisis
The current economic crisis challenges the constitutive rules of global finance. Despite its various roots, dynamics, and consequences, the current reform debate is surprisingly limited in scope: it focuses on possible changes of Basle II and thus banking regulation only. This article suggests that the reason for this ‘gap’ can be found in the idea of asymmetric information. The idea that the asymmetric dispersion of information is the ‘real’ cau…
Space, Boundaries, and the Problem of Order: A View from Systems Theory
The idea our global polity is chiefly divided by territorially organized nation-states captures contemporary constellations of power and authority only insufficiently. Through a decoupling of power and the state, political spaces no longer match geographical spaces. Instead of simply acknowledging a challenge to the state, there is the need to rethink the changing meaning of space for political processes. The paper identifies three aspects, a rec…
The future is just another past
Before International Studies can confront the future, it needs to get a better grip on its past and present. The discipline lacks agreement on both its own name and the name of its object of study. More importantly, key concepts used to describe phenomena have changed continuously: no concept emerging in the 19th century has remained untouched, no envisioned future of the past could have prepared us for the present. Old concepts have been discard…
From agents and structures to minds and bodies: Of supervenience, quantum, and the linguistic turn
The Contingency of Constructivism: On Norms, the Social, and the Third
This article argues that constructivism has not engaged with the concept of contingency sufficiently. While such noted constructivists as Onuf, Kratochwil, and Wendt often refer to ‘double contingency’, it is the concept of ‘norms’ rather than ‘contingency’ that is used to characterise constructivist theorising in International Relations (IR). In this article, I outline how moderate and radical constructivists differ in their take on norms and th…
Recognition and the constitution of social order
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The same as it never was? Uncertainty and the changing contours of international law
International law has changed significantly since the end of the Cold War. As long as the international was thought to be populated by sovereign states predominantly, international law was conceived of as a means for peaceful dispute settlement. That is: the reference to state sovereignty not only divided public from private international law, but structured most of public international law itself; from the very definition of and associated right…
Performativity of Risk and the Boundaries of Economic Sociology
Much energy in economic sociology is expended on showing that core assumptions of microeconomics are too short sighted. It is assumed that sociology provides a better background for analysing and understanding economic institutions than economics itself. This is certainly true, but has led economic sociologists to treat economic theory as the 'other' of economic sociology. Thereby, the disciplinary boundary between economics and sociology is repr…
International Political Economy (IPE) meets International Political Sociology (IPS)
This forum opens a debate that is long overdue: for far too long, the fields of international political sociology (IPS) and international political economy (IPE) have been standing apart. Discussions take place in different conference sections, in different networks that publish in different journals. Yet, this divide is surprising given that the two fields share similar trajectories, theoretical concerns, problématiques, and conceptual challenge…
Forum Introduction: Social Theory Going Quantum-Theoretic? Questions, Alternatives and Challenges
Practices and the Problem of World Society
This contribution explores The Status of Law in World Society by looking at the practice turn in particular. Without challenging Kratochwil’s interest in practices per se, this contribution poses two questions: first, it acknowledges that the ‘practice turn’ itself is, like every intellectual movement, ambiguous with conflicting trends and developments. One of these ambiguities, however, concerns the position of the observer. Leaving this positio…
Expertise, Uncertainty, and International Law: A Study of the Tallinn Manual on Cyberwarfare
How should international law deal with the uncertainty arising from the rise of irregular forms of warfare? In the past decade, this question has been the topic of several reports produced by international groups of experts in the field of conflict and security law. The most recent examples include the study on the notion of the ‘direct participation in hostilities’ under the auspices of the International Committee of the Red Cross, and the Talli…
On logic, intersubjectivity, and meaning: Is reality an assumption we just don't need
The idea that our world is not just a mixture of unrelated incidents but shows some intelligible characteristics is probably the starting point of every analysis in International Relations (IR). We assume that what happens shows structure and significant connections of processes and flows. Unfortunately, opinions diverge soon thereafter: how does that assumed structure relate to our minds? Is it independent of our theories, cultural presuppositio…
Regionale Innovation trotz globaler Lähmung
From agents and structures to minds and bodies: Of supervenience, quantum, and the linguistic turn
Risk, power, and authority: The changing politics of global finance
Knowns and Unknowns in the 'War on Terror: Uncertainty and the Political Construction of Danger
Knowledge and non-knowledge are equally constitutive for political decisionmaking. The relationship between what we know, what we do not know, what we cannot know and what we do not like to know determines the cognitive frame for political practice. This article analyses how uncertainty is perceived and how danger is constructed in the global 'war on terror'. We fist identify threats, risks, catastrophes and ignorance as distinct kinds of danger.…
Of Systems, Boundaries, and Regionalisation
For the analysis of regionalisation processes, this contribution calls for a mutual engagement between systems theory and critical geopolitics. Based on Luhmann's systems theory, the contribution proposes a framework based on the idea of a world society. This framework points to a changing mode of differentiation where there is an increasing overlap and collision between territorial and functional boundaries. Emphasising the concept of functional…
Performativity of Risk and the Boundaries of Economic Sociology
Much energy in economic sociology is expended on showing that core assumptions of microeconomics are too short sighted. It is assumed that sociology provides a better background for analysing and understanding economic institutions than economics itself. This is certainly true, but has led economic sociologists to treat economic theory as the 'other' of economic sociology. Thereby, the disciplinary boundary between economics and sociology is repr…
Space, Boundaries, and the Problem of Order: A View from Systems Theory
The idea our global polity is chiefly divided by territorially organized nation-states captures contemporary constellations of power and authority only insufficiently. Through a decoupling of power and the state, political spaces no longer match geographical spaces. Instead of simply acknowledging a challenge to the state, there is the need to rethink the changing meaning of space for political processes. The paper identifies three aspects, a rec…
Die Internationale Politische Ökonomie des Risikos
Der Wandel vom Positivismus zum Post-Positivismus führt zu einer Neuorientierung der Internationalen Politischen Ökonomie dahingehend, dass die bisher konstitutive Unterscheidung von Staat und Markt aufgegeben wird und Politische Ökonomie nun als besondere Kritikform verstanden wird. Oliver Kessler nimmt die Asienkrise als Ausgangspunkt, um die Frage nach den Konturen einer konstruktivistischen IPÖ zu verfolgen und argumentiert, dass das politisc…
Die Internationale Politische Ökonomie des Risikos: Eine Analyse Am Beispiel der Diskussion Um Die Reformierung der Finanzmärkte
Die internationale politische Ökonomie des Risikos: Eine Analyse am Beispiel der Diskussion um die Reformierung der Finanzmärkte
Extrajudicial Killing as Risk Management
This article analyses legal aspects of the 'war on terror'. It argues that, by making recourse to a semantic of risk, danger and, in particular, precaution, the 'war on terror' blurs crucial political and legal categories of public and private, of peace and war, of combatants and civilians, thus redefining the relationship between political responsibility, time and security. As a consequence, the extrajudicial killing of individuals becomes a for…
From Insecurity to Uncertainty: Risk and the Paradox of Security Politics
The changing contours of conflicts, wars, and crises with and after the end of the Cold War have led to a semantic shift: Not the avoidance of threats, so the argument goes, but the management of risks characterizes contemporary security practices. By juxtaposing the well-known security “dilemma” with the new “security paradox,” this contribution argues that a redefinition of “uncertainty” and “probability” is constitutive for this semantic shift…
On order and conflict: International Relations and the ‘communicative turn’
This article begins from the observation that while communication is a widely used catch-phrase in current IR theorising, the very concept of ‘communication’ is still mainly treated in terms of simple sender-receiver models which do not sufficiently elaborate how the insights of the ‘communicative turn’ can be made fruitful for IR theorising. The argument is developed in three steps. First – particularly drawing on the work of Karl W. Deutsch – w…
Uncertainty, Rationality and the Study of Social Institutions
The insight that both ontological and epistemological perspectives are intertwined is certainly correct, but at the same time insufficient to differentiate mainstream from heterodox approaches to economic institutions. As this paper argues, it is important whether one starts from ontological or epistemological considerations first. The paper suggests that the difference can be described in terms of function versus rules and demonstrates that an i…
Interrogating the Current Financial Crisis Introduction
The current economic crisis is certainly one of the most significant economic events since 1945. While it began as a long-anticipated bursting of the American real-estate market and, as its first name “Subprime-Crisis” suggests, it was widely perceived as an American problem first, it quickly developed into a global event. The crisis was made possible by a unique constellation of actors, relations, and processes: The underwriting of mortgages was…
Toward a Logic of Social Systems
The contributions to this Forum suggest that to take seriously Luhmann's thought bears the danger of buying into a “new” grand theory, a new universal hammer pushing us to a point where we have to ask ourselves whether we really want to see the world as a nail. The counter-arguments then either point to some forgotten ingredient (Hindess 2009; Robertson 2009; Thomas 2009) or to a multiplicity of existing rationalities and world views (Leander 200…
Toward a Sociology of the International? International Relations between Anarchy and World Society
To develop a sociology of the international, it is common in international relations (IR) to use a notion of inter-subjectivity defined as the space “in-between” individual actors. This approach is based on a parts/whole systems theory where common norms and values inscribed in international law not only create a “world society” but also provide for its social cohesion. Rooted in a parts/whole distinction, the very term of inter-subjectivity take…
On rules, politics and knowledge: Friedrich Kratochwil, international relations and domestic affairs
Foreword R.Falk Introduction The Editors PART I: THINKING WITH KRATOCHWIL: SPEECH, REASON, AND KNOWLEDGE De Gustibus (valoribus) est Disputandum: Contra Realpolitik without Politics, Theory without Reflexivity, Science without Judgment S.Guzzini From Logic to Logics: The Relationship of Particular Cases to General Patterns in Social Life J.W.Davis Game Theory and Reciprocity: Toward a Social Perspective D.W.Larson 'Trust me, I promise!': Kratochw…
Ips Forum Contribution (Issue 3, Vol. 4): So Close Yet So Far Away? International Law in International Political Sociology
Journal Article IPS FORUM CONTRIBUTION (ISSUE 3, VOL. 4): So Close Yet So Far Away? International Law in International Political Sociology: Introduction Get access Oliver Kessler Oliver Kessler Universität Bielefeld Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar International Political Sociology, Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2010, Pages 303–304, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2010.00107_1.x Published: 06 September 2…
Everyday practices of international relations: People in organizations
Beyond sectors, before the world
While security and finance are certainly different social spheres, the fact that we can detect similar shifts in both points to the existence of something that precedes these ‘realities’. If finance and security are said to be different, intertwined and related, the question then arises as to what it is that constitutes the differences and similarities between them. This article argues that further inquiry into the boundary between the two leads …
The same as it never was? Uncertainty and the changing contours of international law
International law has changed significantly since the end of the Cold War. As long as the international was thought to be populated by sovereign states predominantly, international law was conceived of as a means for peaceful dispute settlement. That is: the reference to state sovereignty not only divided public from private international law, but structured most of public international law itself; from the very definition of and associated right…
Artificial Horizons: Artificial Horizons
Post-positivist approaches certainly do not lack appetite for various twists and turns on how to theorize processes, flows, and structures in and of IR. The first question that comes to mind is then whether phenomenology constitutes yet another turn? Overall, under the heading of phenomenology, we find some of the most illustrious and influential thinkers of the last century and it certainly belongs to one of the most important intellectual movem…
Introduction to the Forum
In the last couple of years, Critical Realism has established itself as an alone-standing intellectual movement in International Relations (IR). It not only seeks to challenge the idea of the middle ground on which most of the more moderate versions of constructivist thought base their convictions, but it also seeks to provide own answers to basic scientific problems around the relationship between facts and values, causation and causality, or ag…
Sleeping with the enemy? On Hayek, constructivist thought, and the current economic crisis
The current economic crisis challenges the constitutive rules of global finance. Despite its various roots, dynamics, and consequences, the current reform debate is surprisingly limited in scope: it focuses on possible changes of Basle II and thus banking regulation only. This article suggests that the reason for this ‘gap’ can be found in the idea of asymmetric information. The idea that the asymmetric dispersion of information is the ‘real’ cau…
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