Arthur J Ray
Biographic Data
| ID | 249495 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Arthur J Ray |
| GIVEN NAMES | Arthur J |
| FAMILY NAME | Ray |
| SIGNATURE | RAY A J |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of British Columbia |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 44 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 87 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 42 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1964 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
From the Frozen Sea to Buffalo Country
Opponents and Neighbours
"Opponents and Neighbours: Fort George and Buckingham House and the Early Fur Trade on the North Saskatchewan River, 1792 to 1800. Douglas R. Babcock with Michael Payne." Canadian Historical Review, 103(2), pp. 323–324
Some Conservation Schemes of the Hudson’s Bay Company, 1821–50
Current interests in the plight of many Indian groups, and the concern with ecologically directed conservation efforts, has stimulated a re-examination of the North American fur trade. The problems which Governor Simpson and the Company faced in their efforts to husband beaver populations in this region were similar to those which they faced in other areas and, or, in the management of other resources. The Indians faced similar hardships in the W…
Life and Death by the Frozen Sea
"In September 1714, Governor James Knight, who was in his early seventies and one of the most experienced men ever to assume command of a Hudson's Bay Company post, arrived at Fort Bourbon on the western shores of Hudson Bay to take possession of the twenty-year-old French fort. He renamed it York Fort and it is subsequently remembered as York Factory. Knight's daily journal during his tenure (1714-17) at the fort offers an extraordinary narrativ…
White Fox and Icy Seas in the Western Arctic
Illustrated History of Canada's Native People, Fourth Edition
Canada’s Native people have inhabited this land since the Ice Age and were already accomplished traders, artisans, farmers, and marine hunters when Europeans first reached their shores. Contact between Natives and European explorers and settlers initially presented an unprecedented period of growth and opportunity. But the two vastly different cultures soon clashed. Arthur Ray charts the history of Canada’s Native people from first contact to cur…
Traditional Knowledge and Social Science on Trial
Traditional knowledge and oral traditions history are crucial lines of evidence in Aboriginal claims litigation and alternative forms of resolution, most notably claims commissions. This article explores the ways in which these lines of evidence pose numerous challenges in terms of how and where they can be presented, who is qualified to present it, questions about whether this evidence can stand on its own, and the problems of developing appropr…
Ethnohistorical geography and aboriginal rights litigation in Canada
Since the early 1950s, evidence from ethnohistorical geography has played an important role in aboriginal rights claims and litigation in North America. I became involved in Canadian aboriginal and treaty rights litigation over 35 years ago. My participation has included several landmark cases: Regina v. Horseman (treaty rights), Delgamuukw v. Regina (Comprehensive title claim), and Regina v. Powley (Métis rights). Most of the evidence that I hav…
Telling it to the Judge
In 1973, the Supreme Court's historic Calder decision on the Nisga'a community's title suit in British Columbia launched the Native rights litigation era in Canada. Legal claims have raised questions with significant historical implications, such as, "What treaty rights have survived in various parts of Canada? What is the scope of Aboriginal title? Who are the Métis, where do they live, and what is the nature of their culture and their rights?"
An Illustrated History of Canada's Native People
Canada's Native people have inhabited this land since the Ice Age and were already accomplished traders, artisans, farmers and marine hunters when Europeans first reached their shores. Contact between Natives and European explorers and settlers initially presented an unprecedented period of growth and opportunity. But the two vastly different cultures soon clashed. Arthur J. Ray charts the history of Canada's Native people from first contact to c…
Native History on Trial
The era of Aboriginal claims and litigation began in the United States shortly after the Second World War and, some twenty to thirty years later, in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. From the beginning it has been an interactive process involving the Aboriginal, academic, and legal communities. This article offers a comparative perspective on the issues of voice, research, and evidence which, along with the objectivity of academic experts, has …
Bounty and Benevolence
Arthur Ray, Jim Miller, and Frank Tough draw on a wide range of documentary sources to provide a rich and complex interpretation of the process that led to these historic agreements. The authors explain how Saskatchewan treaties were shaped by long-standing First Nations' Hudson's Bay Company diplomatic and economic understandings, treaty practices developed in eastern Canada before the 1870s, and the changing economic and political realities of …
The Northern Interior, 1600 to modern times
The postcontact experience of the Native peoples of the boreal forest zone has been fundamentally different from that of aboriginal groups living in all other areas of North America. The fur trade has remained important for Subarctic Natives ever since they first encountered Europeans. In most places Europeans have not pushed them off the land because extensive agriculture is not possible. Native languages continue to flourish. Apart from the fur…
The Fur Trade Revisited
The Canadian Fur Trade in the Industrial Age
Journal Article The Canadian Fur Trade in the Industrial Age Get access The Canadian Fur Trade in the Industrial Age. By Ray Arthur J.. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990. xviii + 283 pp. Illustrations, maps, charts, tables, appendix, notes, bibliography, index. $40.00, cloth; $18.95, paper.) Patricia A. McCormack Patricia A. McCormack Provincial Museum of Alberta Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W…
The Canadian Fur Trade in the Industrial Age
Fur Trade History and the Gitksan-Wet'suwet'en Comprehensive Claim
Many Tender Ties
Approaches to the Ethnohistory of the Subarctic
Old Trails and New Directions
Old Trails and New Directions
Indians, Animals, and the Fur Trade
Old Trails and New Directions
Reflections on Fur Trade Social History and Métis History in Canada
A striking aspect of the historiography of Metis studies in Canada and the northern United States relates to the fact that Marcel Giraud's classic study, Le Metis Canadien, published in 1945, did not have the immediate effect of stimulating a great deal of additional research. While the quality of Giraud's work was of such high standards that his book is still an invaluable source, nonetheless it is useful to consider why it did not serve to spar…
Give Us Good Measure
Give Us Good Measure
Indians in the Fur Trade
Diffusion of Diseases in the Western Interior of Canada, 1830-1850
History and Archaeology of the Northern Fur Trade
The economic behavior and specialization of Indian groups involved in the fur trade of western Canada before 1763 are examined, and a spatial model of the fur trade is developed. The implications of Indian economic behavior and the spatial structure of the fur trade for current archaeological research in the sub-Arctic and northern Plains areas are then considered. It is posited that the nature of the early fur trade would lead archaeologists to …
Telling it to the Judge
In 1973, the Supreme Court's historic Calder decision on the Nisga'a community's title suit in British Columbia launched the Native rights litigation era in Canada. Legal claims have raised questions with significant historical implications, such as, "What treaty rights have survived in various parts of Canada? What is the scope of Aboriginal title? Who are the Métis, where do they live, and what is the nature of their culture and their rights?"
Buffalo Migrations In The Canadian Plains
This paper examines the seasonal movements of buffalo in the Canadian Plains during the furtrade period. Using the primary accounts of fur traders and missionaries, it demonstrates thata regular migration into the parkland in winter, and back onto the prairie in spring and summer, was characteristic of buffalo movements in the region. The migration into the parkland in winter was initiated by the need for shelter. The specific temporal and spatia…
Some conservation schemes of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1821-50
Indian Adaptations to the Forest‐grassland Boundary of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 1650–1821
Competition and Conservation in the Early Subarctic Fur Trade
This paper examines the impact of English-French trading rivalry on hunting practices of Subarctic Indians groups before 1763. It is argued that this rivalry did not lead to the over-exploitation of the environment because of limitations in transportation technology, the dominance of Indian middlemen in the trading system, and the failure of these middlemen to fully exploit the potential consumer demand of their Indian clientele. It is generally …
Ethnohistorical geography and aboriginal rights litigation in Canada
Since the early 1950s, evidence from ethnohistorical geography has played an important role in aboriginal rights claims and litigation in North America. I became involved in Canadian aboriginal and treaty rights litigation over 35 years ago. My participation has included several landmark cases: Regina v. Horseman (treaty rights), Delgamuukw v. Regina (Comprehensive title claim), and Regina v. Powley (Métis rights). Most of the evidence that I hav…
Old Trails and New Directions
Reflections on Fur Trade Social History and Métis History in Canada
A striking aspect of the historiography of Metis studies in Canada and the northern United States relates to the fact that Marcel Giraud's classic study, Le Metis Canadien, published in 1945, did not have the immediate effect of stimulating a great deal of additional research. While the quality of Giraud's work was of such high standards that his book is still an invaluable source, nonetheless it is useful to consider why it did not serve to spar…
Indians in the Fur Trade
The Fur Trade in Canada
Early French Mapping of the Western Interior of Canada
This article examines three hitherto unpublished French maps of the western interior of Canada which were apparently drafted sometime between 1724 and 1741. Investigation reveals that these maps were based largely upon the information supplied by Nicolas Jérémie, who was an important officer at Fort Bourbon (York Factory) under the French. The maps constitute a cartographic style which is quite distinct from those that have already been identifie…
Indian Adaptations to the Forest‐grassland Boundary of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 1650–1821
Indians in the fur trade
Indians in the Fur Trade
Some conservation schemes of the Hudson's Bay Company, 1821-50
Indians in the Fur Trade
Buffalo Migrations In The Canadian Plains
This paper examines the seasonal movements of buffalo in the Canadian Plains during the furtrade period. Using the primary accounts of fur traders and missionaries, it demonstrates thata regular migration into the parkland in winter, and back onto the prairie in spring and summer, was characteristic of buffalo movements in the region. The migration into the parkland in winter was initiated by the need for shelter. The specific temporal and spatia…
Indians in the Fur Trade
Diffusion of Diseases in the Western Interior of Canada, 1830-1850
Indians in the Fur Trade
Journal Article Indians in the Fur Trade: Their Role as Trappers, Hunters, and Middlemen in the Lands Southwest of Hudson Bay, 1660–1870 Get access Indians in the Fur Trade: Their Role as Trappers, Hunters, and Middlemen in the Lands Southwest of Hudson Bay, 1660–1870. By Ray Arthur J.. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1974. xii, 249 p. Illustrations, maps, charts, tables, bibliography, index. $4.50.) Bruce W. Hodgins Bruce W. Hodgins Trent…
Give Us Good Measure
Competition and Conservation in the Early Subarctic Fur Trade
This paper examines the impact of English-French trading rivalry on hunting practices of Subarctic Indians groups before 1763. It is argued that this rivalry did not lead to the over-exploitation of the environment because of limitations in transportation technology, the dominance of Indian middlemen in the trading system, and the failure of these middlemen to fully exploit the potential consumer demand of their Indian clientele. It is generally …
History and Archaeology of the Northern Fur Trade
The economic behavior and specialization of Indian groups involved in the fur trade of western Canada before 1763 are examined, and a spatial model of the fur trade is developed. The implications of Indian economic behavior and the spatial structure of the fur trade for current archaeological research in the sub-Arctic and northern Plains areas are then considered. It is posited that the nature of the early fur trade would lead archaeologists to …
A Reply to Tracy
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Keepers of the Game
Indians as Consumers in the Eighteenth Century
Give Us Good Measure
Journal Article “Give Us Good Measure”: An Economic Analysis of Relations between the Indians and the Hudson's Bay Company before 1763. By Arthur J. Ray and Donald B. Freeman. (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1978. xvi + 298 pp. Maps, illustrations, charts, tables, appendix, notes, bibliography, and index. Cloth, $17.50; paper, $4.95.) Get access Richard R. Johnson Richard R. Johnson Univeristy of Washington Search for other works by this a…
Give Us Good Measure
Give Us Good Measure
Old Trails and New Directions
Reflections on Fur Trade Social History and Métis History in Canada
A striking aspect of the historiography of Metis studies in Canada and the northern United States relates to the fact that Marcel Giraud's classic study, Le Metis Canadien, published in 1945, did not have the immediate effect of stimulating a great deal of additional research. While the quality of Giraud's work was of such high standards that his book is still an invaluable source, nonetheless it is useful to consider why it did not serve to spar…
Old Trails and New Directions
Indians, Animals, and the Fur Trade
Many Tender Ties
History (32 works) · Geography (26 works) · Canadian Identity and History (21 works) · Archaeology (20 works) · Fur trade (19 works) · Economic history (15 works) · Bay (12 works) · Computer Science (12 works) · History (10 works) · Indigenous Studies and Ecology (10 works)