Sidney Ratner
Biographic Data
| ID | 250076 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Sidney Ratner |
| GIVEN NAMES | Sidney |
| FAMILY NAME | Ratner |
| SIGNATURE | RATNER S |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Michigan |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3269-2801 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 53 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 258 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 53 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1935 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Reparations for Colonialism Beyond Legal Responsibility
Reparations for colonialism and colonial-era atrocities have moved from an unrealized demand of citizens, politicians, and thinkers in the Global South to a project with some results in the real world. Key markers include the return of numerous art objects from museums in the Global North to their countries of origin; 1 the release of the Caribbean Community and Common Market’s (CARICOM) proposal for reparations; 2 and Namibia’s agreement with Ge…
Introduction to the Symposium on Soft and Hard Law on Business and Human Rights
This symposium turns to a major debate within a field of international law that has moved from the periphery to center stage in just a few decades—business and human rights, or BHR: Can and should international law's approach to the human rights impacts of business activity shift from today's mostly soft-law framework to a multilateral treaty regime? While advocates for and against such a treaty debate this point at the UN Human Rights Council an…
The Aggravating Duty of Non-Aggravation
International law’s duty of non-aggravation requires states to avoid actions that might inflame an international dispute, both to maintain international peace and to preserve the effectiveness of judicial or arbitral proceedings. Yet parties on the receiving end of calls for non-aggravation – whether from the Security Council or a tribunal – have little idea of what conduct they are expected to avoid. This state of affairs is most unfortunate in …
International law and political philosophy: Uncovering new linkages
Despite a common agenda of normative analysis of the international order, philosophical work on international political morality and international law and legal scholarship have, until recently, worked at a distance from one another. The mutual suspicion can be traced to different aims and methodologies, including a divide between work on matters of deep structure, on the one hand, and practical institutional analysis and prescription, on the oth…
Sources of International Humanitarian Law and International Criminal Law: War/Crimes and the Limits of the Doctrine of Sources
This chapter contends that international humanitarian law (IHL) and criminal law (ICL) cast serious doubt on the traditional doctrine and understanding of sources. Article 38 of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) Statute inadequately describes key modes for prescribing law in these areas. International courts are particularly important for both areas, perhaps because of their unprincipled approach to the indicia of custom. More fundamentall…
Survey Article: Global Investment Rules as a Site for Moral Inquiry
For decades, the flows of international investment-the cross-border movement of capital-have been a major element of the world economy and a significant percentage of global GDP. 1 Foreign investment has significant effects on economic development in rich and developing countries alike.In the latter, in particular, foreign investment-or the search for it-can drive economic decision making on issues ranging from extraction of natural resources to …
Compensation for Expropriations in a World of Investment Treaties: Beyond the Lawful/Unlawful Distinction
For much of the last century, global actors have sparred over the international legal rules governing the compensation a state should pay a foreign investor when it expropriates the latter's property. The competing claims have had many dimensions, including the content of customary international law and the line between bona fide regulations and expropriations. In the modern age of international investment agreements (IIAs), a debate continues ov…
Ethics and international law: Integrating the global justice project(s)
Academic discourse on global justice is at an all-time high. Within ethics and international law, scholars are undertaking new inquiries into age-old questions of building a just world order. Ethics – within political and moral philosophy – poses fundamental questions about responsibilities at the global level and produces a tightly reasoned set of frameworks regarding world order. International law, with its focus on legal norms and institutiona…
Eric Stein (1913–2011)
On July 28,2011, Eric Stein, pillar of international law, pioneer of the legal study of European integration, and master of comparative law, passed away in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He was ninety-eight years old. He joined this Journal's Board of Editors in 1963, serving as a regular member until 1978, and thereafter as an honorary editor. Stein was the last of that great generation of European-educated jurists who fled Nazism and became leading figur…
Accountability and the Sri Lankan Civil War
Sri Lanka's civil war came to a bloody end in May 2009, with the defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) by Sri Lanka's armed forces on a small strip of land in the island's northeast. The conflict, the product of long-standing tensions between Sri Lanka's majority Sinhalese and minority Tamils over the latter's rights and place in society, had begun in the mid-1980s and ebbed and flowed for some twenty-five years, leading to sevent…
Regulatory Takings in Institutional Context: Beyond the Fear of Fragmented International Law
The last decade has witnessed a rebirth of popular and academic interest in the international norms governing expropriation. Debate has centered on the competing claims of corporations, host states, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and other actors over the extent to which governments may regulate their economies in a manner that affects foreign investment without compensating investors for resulting economic harm. The current controversy ov…
Predator and Prey: Seizing and Killing Suspected Terrorists Abroad
Land Feuds and Their Solutions: Finding International Law Beyond the Tribunal Chamber
The resolution of conflicting claims to land has long stood at the heart of the project of international law. Indeed, the encounter between the order envisaged by advocates of the law of nations and what Georges Scelle called the “obsession with territory” has been a defining struggle for our field, demonstrating to some its promise and to others its futility. Much, perhaps even most, legal scholarship on this subject over the last century has fo…
Is International Law Impartial?
The last decade has seen a resurgence of interest among philosophers in the core questions of ethics and justice on the international plane. Issues once discussed primarily in the response to the major global debates of the 1960s and 1970s—the Vietnam War and the North-South economic imbalance—have returned to the domain of philosophers. This engagement has taken place in two distinct but related debates. First, philosophers have devoted attentio…
Foreign Occupation and International Territorial Administration: The Challenges of Convergence
International organizations have increasingly joined states as occupiers of territory. Yet international law doctrine and policymakers have regarded occupation by states and administration by international organizations as distinct legal and political phenomena. The stigma associated with state occupation has translated into an assumption that the two operations are governed by different norms and their tactics for asserting control subject to di…
To the Editor in Chief
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Belgium’s War Crimes Statute: A Postmortem
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Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello After September 11
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Democracy and accountability: The criss-crossing paths of two emerging norms
The blossoming of concern for human rights by a broad spectrum of States since the end of the Cold War has assumed both a proactive and reactive posture. On the one hand, governments around the world, responding to the desires of their people for a full participatory role in deciding their nation's future, have moved toward adoption of democratic forms of governance. At the same time, the resulting new regimes and their constituencies have been f…
Appraising the Methods of International Law: A Prospectus for Readers
In 1908 the second volume of the American Journal of International Law featured a piece by Lassa Oppenheim entitled The Science of International Law: Its Tasks and Method . Oppenheim began his article by noting, apparently with some approval, that the first volume of AJIL , stacked with articles only by Americans, had “shown to the world that America is able to foster the science of international law without being dependent upon the assistance of…
The United Nations Group of Experts for Cambodia
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The Method is the Message
We structured this symposium on the premise that comparison reveals critical differences. We asked our authors, as noted in the introduction, to describe their methodology, apply it to the concrete problem of accountability for atrocities in internal conflict, and discuss its merits and demerits relative to other approaches presented in the symposium. We threw out these questions as a means of structuring a debate in a way that would be most help…
International Law: The Trials of Global Norms
Drawing a Better Line: UTI Possidetis and the Borders of New States
It is now conventional wisdom that the proliferation of ethnic-based violence constitutes the greatest threat to public order and human rights since the lifting of the Iron Curtain. The eruption of hatreds, whether suppressed or ignored for a half century or newly arisen, has unleashed centrifugal forces that are pulling states apart from Africa to Europe to South and Central Asia. To date, the response of the effective decision makers in the int…
Image and Reality in the UN's Peaceful Settlement of Disputes
Image and Reality in the UN's Peaceful Settlement of Disputes Get access Steven R. Ratner Steven R. Ratner *Assistant Professor, University of Texas School of Law. Certain ideas in Part IV of this essay appear in more detail in my recent book. The New UN Peacekeeping: Building Peace in Lands of Conflict after the Cold War (1995). I greatly appreciate comments from José Alvarez, Leon Gordenker, Paul Szasz, and David Wippman. Search for other works…
Saving Failed States
Drawing a Better Line: UTI Possidetis and the Borders of New States
It is now conventional wisdom that the proliferation of ethnic-based violence constitutes the greatest threat to public order and human rights since the lifting of the Iron Curtain. The eruption of hatreds, whether suppressed or ignored for a half century or newly arisen, has unleashed centrifugal forces that are pulling states apart from Africa to Europe to South and Central Asia. To date, the response of the effective decision makers in the int…
Belgium’s War Crimes Statute: A Postmortem
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Jus ad Bellum and Jus in Bello After September 11
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Appraising the Methods of International Law: A Prospectus for Readers
In 1908 the second volume of the American Journal of International Law featured a piece by Lassa Oppenheim entitled The Science of International Law: Its Tasks and Method . Oppenheim began his article by noting, apparently with some approval, that the first volume of AJIL , stacked with articles only by Americans, had “shown to the world that America is able to foster the science of international law without being dependent upon the assistance of…
Regulatory Takings in Institutional Context: Beyond the Fear of Fragmented International Law
The last decade has witnessed a rebirth of popular and academic interest in the international norms governing expropriation. Debate has centered on the competing claims of corporations, host states, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and other actors over the extent to which governments may regulate their economies in a manner that affects foreign investment without compensating investors for resulting economic harm. The current controversy ov…
Foreign Occupation and International Territorial Administration: The Challenges of Convergence
International organizations have increasingly joined states as occupiers of territory. Yet international law doctrine and policymakers have regarded occupation by states and administration by international organizations as distinct legal and political phenomena. The stigma associated with state occupation has translated into an assumption that the two operations are governed by different norms and their tactics for asserting control subject to di…
The Cambodia Settlement Agreements
On October 23, 1991, representatives of nineteen states participating in the Paris Conference on Cambodia signed a set of accords aimed at ending the twenty-year-old conflict in that country. The solemn ceremony at the Kleber Center in Paris marked the conclusion of over three years of intensive negotiations at a variety of levels, including interfactional, regional and international, to end one of the world’s most tragic regional disputes. It al…
Survey Article: Global Investment Rules as a Site for Moral Inquiry
For decades, the flows of international investment-the cross-border movement of capital-have been a major element of the world economy and a significant percentage of global GDP. 1 Foreign investment has significant effects on economic development in rich and developing countries alike.In the latter, in particular, foreign investment-or the search for it-can drive economic decision making on issues ranging from extraction of natural resources to …
Predator and Prey: Seizing and Killing Suspected Terrorists Abroad
Land Feuds and Their Solutions: Finding International Law Beyond the Tribunal Chamber
The resolution of conflicting claims to land has long stood at the heart of the project of international law. Indeed, the encounter between the order envisaged by advocates of the law of nations and what Georges Scelle called the “obsession with territory” has been a defining struggle for our field, demonstrating to some its promise and to others its futility. Much, perhaps even most, legal scholarship on this subject over the last century has fo…
The United Nations Group of Experts for Cambodia
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Method is the Message
We structured this symposium on the premise that comparison reveals critical differences. We asked our authors, as noted in the introduction, to describe their methodology, apply it to the concrete problem of accountability for atrocities in internal conflict, and discuss its merits and demerits relative to other approaches presented in the symposium. We threw out these questions as a means of structuring a debate in a way that would be most help…
International Law: The Trials of Global Norms
Horace M. Kallen and Cultural Pluralism
Journal Article HORACE M. KALLEN AND CULTURAL PLURALISM Get access Sidney Ratner Sidney Ratner RUTGERS UNIVERSITY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Modern Judaism - A Journal of Jewish Ideas and Experience, Volume 4, Issue 2, May 1984, Pages 185–200, https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/4.2.185 Published: 01 May 1984
John Dewey and Arthur F. Bentley: A Philosophical Correspondence 1932-1951
International law and political philosophy: Uncovering new linkages
Despite a common agenda of normative analysis of the international order, philosophical work on international political morality and international law and legal scholarship have, until recently, worked at a distance from one another. The mutual suspicion can be traced to different aims and methodologies, including a divide between work on matters of deep structure, on the one hand, and practical institutional analysis and prescription, on the oth…
Accountability and the Sri Lankan Civil War
Sri Lanka's civil war came to a bloody end in May 2009, with the defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) by Sri Lanka's armed forces on a small strip of land in the island's northeast. The conflict, the product of long-standing tensions between Sri Lanka's majority Sinhalese and minority Tamils over the latter's rights and place in society, had begun in the mid-1980s and ebbed and flowed for some twenty-five years, leading to sevent…
Land, Island and Maritime Frontier Dispute (El Salvador/Honduras), Application to Intervene
In this case before a Chamber of the International Court of Justice, El Salvador and Honduras, by a Special Agreement dated May 24, 1986, requested that the Chamber delimit the land frontier and determine the legal status of certain islands and waters in the general area of the Gulf of Fonseca. The gulf, located on the Pacific coast of Central America, is bordered by El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua. Nicaragua filed an application for permissi…
Ethics and international law: Integrating the global justice project(s)
Academic discourse on global justice is at an all-time high. Within ethics and international law, scholars are undertaking new inquiries into age-old questions of building a just world order. Ethics – within political and moral philosophy – poses fundamental questions about responsibilities at the global level and produces a tightly reasoned set of frameworks regarding world order. International law, with its focus on legal norms and institutiona…
Lectures in the Philosophy of Education: 1899
Was the Supreme Court Packed by President Grant
Journal Article Was the Supreme Court Packed by President Grant? Get access Sidney Ratner Sidney Ratner Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 50, Issue 3, September 1935, Pages 343–358, https://doi.org/10.2307/2143697 Published: 15 September 1935
Evolution and the Rise of the Scientific Spirit in America
Ten years ago the civilized world was shocked out of an unwarranted confidence in the victory of science over superstition by the news that Tennessee had outlawed the teaching of man's evolutionary origin. Within the next three years both Mississippi and Arkansas joined Tennessee in defense of Biblical truth against the scepticism of science. The furor raised by the dramatic clashes between William Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow at the Scopes…
Ulysses S. Grant: Politician, by William B. Hesseltine
Manifest Destiny: A Study of Nationalist Expansionism in American History, by Albert K. Weinberg
Patterns of Culture in History
If the history of civilization is to be an instrument for the advancement of civilization, historians must break new paths toward a wider and deeper understanding of human affairs. Despite the achievements of those who have explored the influence of technics, the power of nationalism, the rôle of mass-psychology, the economic factors in political and social life, our analyses of history are from a scientific standpoint still all too primitive. As…
Presupposition and Objectivity in History
The sub-title of this essay might very well be: “A Study in the Biology and Mechanics of Historical Research and Interpretation”. A study in biology because historians can be divided into two classes: invertebrates and vertebrates. The invertebrate historians are those who have inarticulate major premises; the vertebrate historians are those having articulate major premises. A study in mechanics because analysis of historical thought reveals that…
The Historian's Approach to Psychology
American Taxation: Its History as a Social Force in Democracy
The Economic History of the Second World War
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Inquiry into Inquiries
Inquiry into Inquiries
A. F. Bentley's Inquiries into the Behavioural Sciences and the Theory of Scientific Inquiry
sRTHUR F. BENTLEY is one of America's distinguished A pioneers in political science, sociology, psychology, and the w Xlogic of scientific inquiry. Like other pioneers he has had to wait for the recognition that is his due, but that recognition has come from the leaders in the fields he has cultivated. Now it is spreading among a wider public. Reviews and discussions of his varied contributions have appeared in Europe and America over the past si…
Trends in the American Economy in the Nineteenth Century. Studies in Income and Wealth. Volume XXIV
John Dewey and Arthur F. Bentley: A Philosophical Correspondence 1932-1951
The Inner Revolution. Essays on the Social Sciences in History
Lectures in the Philosophy of Education: 1899
An Inquiry into the Nazi War Economy
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The Tariff in American History
Journal Article The Tariff in American History. By Sidney Ratner. (New York: D. Van Nostrand, 1972. viii + 214 pp. Appendix, notes, select bibliography, and index. Paper.) Get access Gerald D. Nash Gerald D. Nash University of New Mexico Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of American History, Volume 60, Issue 4, March 1974, Pages 1086–1087, https://doi.org/10.2307/1901023 Published: 01 March 1974
Pressure Groups -- Politics in Antebellum Tariffs
The Evolution of the American Economy: Growth, Welfare, and Decision Making
Introduction: The Study of Economic Growth, Welfare, and Decision Making. I. FROM COLONIALISM TO NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE (1492-1790). 1. American and the Developing World Economy. 2. Regional Patterns of Colonial Development. 3. Growth and Welfare in the Colonies. 4. Foundations of Economic Independence. II. THE AGRICULTURAL ERA AND EMERGING INDUSTRIALISM (1790-1860). 5. Revolutions in Transportation and Communications. 6. Land Policy, Agricultural…
The Evolution of the American Economy
The Speculator: Bernard M. Baruch in Washington, 1917-1965, by Jordan A. Schwarz
Journal Article The Speculator: Bernard M. Baruch in Washington, 1917-1965, by Jordan A. Schwarz Get access The Speculator: Bernard M. Baruch in Washington, 1917-1965 by Jordan A. Schwarz. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1981. 679 pp. $27.50. Sidney Ratner Sidney Ratner Rutgers University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 98, Issue 1, Spring 1983, Pages 13…
Horace M. Kallen and Cultural Pluralism
Journal Article HORACE M. KALLEN AND CULTURAL PLURALISM Get access Sidney Ratner Sidney Ratner RUTGERS UNIVERSITY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Modern Judaism - A Journal of Jewish Ideas and Experience, Volume 4, Issue 2, May 1984, Pages 185–200, https://doi.org/10.1093/mj/4.2.185 Published: 01 May 1984
International Tin Council v. Amalgamet Inc
Petitioner, International Tin Council (ITC), brought an action to stay an American Arbitration Association arbitration that was initiated by respondent, Amalgamet Inc., and that arose out of petitioner’s refusal to honor three contracts for the purchase of tin from respondent. Petitioner claimed that it was immune from suit in the United States by virtue of its status as an international organization under British law, and, in the alternative, th…
Land, Island and Maritime Frontier Dispute (El Salvador/Honduras), Application to Intervene
In this case before a Chamber of the International Court of Justice, El Salvador and Honduras, by a Special Agreement dated May 24, 1986, requested that the Chamber delimit the land frontier and determine the legal status of certain islands and waters in the general area of the Gulf of Fonseca. The gulf, located on the Pacific coast of Central America, is bordered by El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua. Nicaragua filed an application for permissi…
Political science (41 works) · Law (34 works) · Law (29 works) · Sociology (21 works) · International law (15 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Politics (14 works) · Epistemology (13 works) · Economics (11 works) · Global Peace and Security Dynamics (11 works)