M L Ryder
Biographic Data
| ID | 252710 |
|---|---|
| NAME | M L Ryder |
| GIVEN NAMES | M L |
| FAMILY NAME | Ryder |
| SIGNATURE | RYDER M L |
| AFFILIATIONS | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 55 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1962 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2017 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Changes in the fleece of sheep following domestication (with a note on the coat of cattle)
Pigment has been lost", wild sheep, and some primitive domestic breeds are coloured, whereas most modern breeds are white, at any rate in the main fleece area. Domestic sheep no longer moults wild sheep moult their coat completely each spring, and many primitive breeds show considerable fleece shedding, but the more highly evolved breeds have almost lost the tendency to shed wool. The main change in fleece structure since domestication can be reg…
Iron Age, Haired, Animal Skins From Hallstatt, Austria
A study was made of 229 skins bearing hair or wool from bags and clothing in the Iron Age salt mines at Hallstatt; 87% were from livestock and of these 8% were from cattle, 22% from goats and 70% from sheep. of the sheepskins most were of hairy‐medium type (61%) or coarser, while all the textiles examined earlier were of this type or finer; 5% were of hairy type, which first appeared in the Iron Age; 32% were Neolithic survivals with a wild‐type …
The Last Word on the Golden Fleece Legend
Evidence is discussed for the three theories on the origins of the Golden Fleece legend. That the epithet ‘golden’referred to fine wool, because of its value, is thought to be not incompatible with the view that fleeces were used to collect gold particles from streams. That the fleece was yellow is unlikely since such discoloration is a wool fault, but it is just possible that ‘golden’ might refer to genetically ‘tan’ fibres
Wool Remains From Scythian Burials in Siberia
Eight carpet or textile yarns and six felt samples from the frozen burials dated c. 400 B. C. at Pazyryk and Bashadar were studied. One sample was identified as underwool from a non‐fleeced ‘hair’ sheep (Neolithic survival). Five samples were of the most primitive fleece type, the hairy medium wool, and five of the next most primitive type, the generalised medium wool (both emerged in the Bronze Age). There was one hairy sheep and, as found at Ha…
Skin, and Wool‐textile Remains From Hallstatt, Austria
A study was made of wool cloth remains comprising 56 yarns and of 33 samples of haired animal skin from the Kilbwerk salt‐mine site at Hallstatt, Austria dated 6th to 8th century BC. Most of the wool in the cloth was primitive hairy‐medium or generalised‐medium type and over half the samples had natural coloration, the predominant colour being grey. One yarn was of medium wool type and four were of semi‐fine fleece type, neither of these having b…
Danish Bronze Age Wools
(1988). Danish Bronze Age Wools. Journal of Danish Archaeology: Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 136-143
Sheepskin From Ancient Kerma, Northern Sudan
The material described came from the Ancient Kerma civilisation (c. 2000 B. C.) and comprised 19 haired skin samples from Kerma itself with a further nine from the site of Kadruka. Diameter distributions were determined on hair cut from the skin, and the skin itself was sectioned histologically in a plane parallel to the skin surface. Most of the samples had a non‐fleeced‘Hair’type of coat, but three were immensely interesting in suggesting fleec…
A Microscopic Study of Remains of Textiles Made From Plant Fibres
Plant fibres in textiles from the following sites were investigated and those not already identified as flax were identified as such: Tybrind (Mesolithic Denmark)‐unidentified; Çatal Hüyük (Neolithic Turkey); the Kerma civilization of Nubia (2000 BC); Kings Road, Guernsey (Iron Age) (mineralised cloth), and eighteenth‐century England. Some Bronze Age nettle fabric from Denmark was examined. The Scanning Electron Microscope provided an invaluable …
Eight Ring-ditches at Four Crosses, Llandysilio, Powys, 1981–85
Eight ring-ditches and several stretches of pit alignment have been excavated between 1981 and 1985, as part of the investigation of an extensive cropmark complex on a gravel terrace in the Upper Severn valley at Four Crosses, northern Powys. Excavation of the ring-ditches, which form part of a more scattered barrow cemetery, has revealed a long and complex pattern of development of barrow types and burial forms in the period between the Middle N…
Wools from textiles in the Mary Rose, a sixteenth-century English warship
The first hair remains from an aurochs (Bos primigenius) and some medieval domestic cattle hair
Skin, hair and cloth remains from the ancient kerma civilization of Northern Sudan
Sheep and Man
A re-assessment of bronze age wool
Wools from textiles in the Wasa, a seventeenth-century Swedish warship
The wools in the Swedish bocksten costume
Sheep - Hilzheimer 45 years on
When I became interested in the history of sheep 25 years ago, the paper by Hilzheimer (1936) was my chief source of inspiration, and in fact there had been few advances on his conclusions. Since then, however, there have been major advances, and the present account attempts to assess the extent to which these have added to the knowledge so ably summarized by Hilzheimer.His conclusions were based mainly on ancient representations (an approach whi…
Wools from Vindolanda
Hair remains throw light on early British prehistoric cattle
Some miscellaneous ancient fleece remains
A murder victim discovered: Clothing and other finds from an early 18th century grave on Arnish Moor, Lewis
NB 386305. Describes the ragged clothing and small personal possessions of a young man probably identifiable with one known to have been murdered in early 18th century, and recently retrieved from a peat bog
Primitive sheep in the aran Islands
Ancient skins, parchments and leathers
Clothing found at Hunstgarth, Harray, Orkney
The discovery was made in May 1968 by Mr George Spence whilst digging peats. The peat bank was 3 ft. deep, and the clothing was at the base of the bank. The cloth occupied a small space and the bonnet lay on top. Further investigation produced no other finds. There was no sign that the peat above the find had been disturbed, although it can hardly be doubted that the cloths represent the burial of a child in a hole dug in the peat bog
The Size of Haystacks
Even the casual observer cannot fail to notice that the hay and corn stacks in Scotland are smaller than those in England, a feature shared by the western parts of the British Isles. Those in Scotland are frequently circular compared with the oblong shape in England. This difference is the sort that provides a topic for students of folk life, which could in this instance lead one into considerations of Celtic traditions
Skin, and Wool‐textile Remains From Hallstatt, Austria
A study was made of wool cloth remains comprising 56 yarns and of 33 samples of haired animal skin from the Kilbwerk salt‐mine site at Hallstatt, Austria dated 6th to 8th century BC. Most of the wool in the cloth was primitive hairy‐medium or generalised‐medium type and over half the samples had natural coloration, the predominant colour being grey. One yarn was of medium wool type and four were of semi‐fine fleece type, neither of these having b…
Eight Ring-ditches at Four Crosses, Llandysilio, Powys, 1981–85
Eight ring-ditches and several stretches of pit alignment have been excavated between 1981 and 1985, as part of the investigation of an extensive cropmark complex on a gravel terrace in the Upper Severn valley at Four Crosses, northern Powys. Excavation of the ring-ditches, which form part of a more scattered barrow cemetery, has revealed a long and complex pattern of development of barrow types and burial forms in the period between the Middle N…
Report of Textiles from Çatal Hüyük
The textiles examined were from building-level VI provisionally dated as c. 6000 B.C. They were black, stiff and brittle, apparently owing to carbonization, and comprised some found in 1962 and others found in 1963. No attempt will be made to describe the structure of the cloth except to say that no weave was evident in the 1962 specimens; one series of yarns lay parallel, with no other yarns woven through them. In places other parallel yarns wer…
A dagger-grave and other cist burials at Ashgrove, Methilhill, Fife
Some Ancient Metal Belts: Their Antecedents and Relatives
A Microscopic Study of Remains of Textiles Made From Plant Fibres
Plant fibres in textiles from the following sites were investigated and those not already identified as flax were identified as such: Tybrind (Mesolithic Denmark)‐unidentified; Çatal Hüyük (Neolithic Turkey); the Kerma civilization of Nubia (2000 BC); Kings Road, Guernsey (Iron Age) (mineralised cloth), and eighteenth‐century England. Some Bronze Age nettle fabric from Denmark was examined. The Scanning Electron Microscope provided an invaluable …
Wool Remains From Scythian Burials in Siberia
Eight carpet or textile yarns and six felt samples from the frozen burials dated c. 400 B. C. at Pazyryk and Bashadar were studied. One sample was identified as underwool from a non‐fleeced ‘hair’ sheep (Neolithic survival). Five samples were of the most primitive fleece type, the hairy medium wool, and five of the next most primitive type, the generalised medium wool (both emerged in the Bronze Age). There was one hairy sheep and, as found at Ha…
Skin, hair and cloth remains from the ancient kerma civilization of Northern Sudan
A re-assessment of bronze age wool
Wools from textiles in the Wasa, a seventeenth-century Swedish warship
Paunch Cooking
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Iron Age, Haired, Animal Skins From Hallstatt, Austria
A study was made of 229 skins bearing hair or wool from bags and clothing in the Iron Age salt mines at Hallstatt; 87% were from livestock and of these 8% were from cattle, 22% from goats and 70% from sheep. of the sheepskins most were of hairy‐medium type (61%) or coarser, while all the textiles examined earlier were of this type or finer; 5% were of hairy type, which first appeared in the Iron Age; 32% were Neolithic survivals with a wild‐type …
The Last Word on the Golden Fleece Legend
Evidence is discussed for the three theories on the origins of the Golden Fleece legend. That the epithet ‘golden’referred to fine wool, because of its value, is thought to be not incompatible with the view that fleeces were used to collect gold particles from streams. That the fleece was yellow is unlikely since such discoloration is a wool fault, but it is just possible that ‘golden’ might refer to genetically ‘tan’ fibres
Sheepskin From Ancient Kerma, Northern Sudan
The material described came from the Ancient Kerma civilisation (c. 2000 B. C.) and comprised 19 haired skin samples from Kerma itself with a further nine from the site of Kadruka. Diameter distributions were determined on hair cut from the skin, and the skin itself was sectioned histologically in a plane parallel to the skin surface. Most of the samples had a non‐fleeced‘Hair’type of coat, but three were immensely interesting in suggesting fleec…
Wools from textiles in the Mary Rose, a sixteenth-century English warship
Sheep - Hilzheimer 45 years on
When I became interested in the history of sheep 25 years ago, the paper by Hilzheimer (1936) was my chief source of inspiration, and in fact there had been few advances on his conclusions. Since then, however, there have been major advances, and the present account attempts to assess the extent to which these have added to the knowledge so ably summarized by Hilzheimer.His conclusions were based mainly on ancient representations (an approach whi…
Wools from Vindolanda
Hair remains throw light on early British prehistoric cattle
Some miscellaneous ancient fleece remains
A Late Bronze Age Find from Pyotdykes, Angus, Scotland, with associated Gold, Cloth, Leather and Wood Remains
On the 29th October, 1963, a group of bronze objects was ploughed up in the ‘Old Road Field’, Pyotdykes farm, near Dundee, Angus (Nat. Grid Ref. NO 345348). The objects recovered were a bronze spearhead and two bronze swords (fig. 1). After news of the find had been communicated to the Museum and Art Gallery, Dundee, the area around the original find-spot was excavated by museum staff, and this yielded three additional pieces of bronze wire rivet…
The Origin of Felt-Making and Spinning
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
The Origin of Felt-Making and Spinning
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
A Late Bronze Age Find from Pyotdykes, Angus, Scotland, with associated Gold, Cloth, Leather and Wood Remains
On the 29th October, 1963, a group of bronze objects was ploughed up in the ‘Old Road Field’, Pyotdykes farm, near Dundee, Angus (Nat. Grid Ref. NO 345348). The objects recovered were a bronze spearhead and two bronze swords (fig. 1). After news of the find had been communicated to the Museum and Art Gallery, Dundee, the area around the original find-spot was excavated by museum staff, and this yielded three additional pieces of bronze wire rivet…
The Origin of Spinning
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Report of Textiles from Çatal Hüyük
The textiles examined were from building-level VI provisionally dated as c. 6000 B.C. They were black, stiff and brittle, apparently owing to carbonization, and comprised some found in 1962 and others found in 1963. No attempt will be made to describe the structure of the cloth except to say that no weave was evident in the 1962 specimens; one series of yarns lay parallel, with no other yarns woven through them. In places other parallel yarns wer…
A dagger-grave and other cist burials at Ashgrove, Methilhill, Fife
A Note on Sheep-Shearing Stools
Sheep-shearing stools are fast going out of use probably partly as a consequence of the change from hand shears to machine clippers. The speed with which a sheep can be shorn with machine clippers lessens the need to put it on a back-saving stool. This note therefore attempts to create an interest in both the preservation of examples of shearing stool, and the putting on record of details of stools and their use
Some Ancient Metal Belts: Their Antecedents and Relatives
Sheep “Scauping
In 1961 I published a note to put on record a declining custom in which young sheep are hit on the nose in the belief that this would cause an improvement in their condition. A report from Shap, Westmorland, which illustrated the routine ‘scauping’ of a sheep with a sharp tap of the knuckle gave the explanation that the blow broke a membrane under the skull which could press on the brain. These explanations appear to ignore the original associati…
The Size of Haystacks
Even the casual observer cannot fail to notice that the hay and corn stacks in Scotland are smaller than those in England, a feature shared by the western parts of the British Isles. Those in Scotland are frequently circular compared with the oblong shape in England. This difference is the sort that provides a topic for students of folk life, which could in this instance lead one into considerations of Celtic traditions
Teasel Growing for Cloth Raising
Ponting gave an account of cloth finishing in which he mentioned the use of teasels to raise a pile or nap on wool cloth. The present note describes these teasels, and their growth, which has declined considerably, although no substitute for their gentle action on the finest cloths has been found. As Kenneth Ponting indicated, raised cloths are a speciality of the West of England woollen industry, and it is significant that teasel growing is now …
Paunch Cooking
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Clothing found at Hunstgarth, Harray, Orkney
The discovery was made in May 1968 by Mr George Spence whilst digging peats. The peat bank was 3 ft. deep, and the clothing was at the base of the bank. The cloth occupied a small space and the bonnet lay on top. Further investigation produced no other finds. There was no sign that the peat above the find had been disturbed, although it can hardly be doubted that the cloths represent the burial of a child in a hole dug in the peat bog
Primitive sheep in the aran Islands
Ancient skins, parchments and leathers
Some miscellaneous ancient fleece remains
A murder victim discovered: Clothing and other finds from an early 18th century grave on Arnish Moor, Lewis
NB 386305. Describes the ragged clothing and small personal possessions of a young man probably identifiable with one known to have been murdered in early 18th century, and recently retrieved from a peat bog
Hair remains throw light on early British prehistoric cattle
Wools from Vindolanda
Sheep - Hilzheimer 45 years on
When I became interested in the history of sheep 25 years ago, the paper by Hilzheimer (1936) was my chief source of inspiration, and in fact there had been few advances on his conclusions. Since then, however, there have been major advances, and the present account attempts to assess the extent to which these have added to the knowledge so ably summarized by Hilzheimer.His conclusions were based mainly on ancient representations (an approach whi…
A re-assessment of bronze age wool
Wools from textiles in the Wasa, a seventeenth-century Swedish warship
The wools in the Swedish bocksten costume
Wools from textiles in the Mary Rose, a sixteenth-century English warship
The first hair remains from an aurochs (Bos primigenius) and some medieval domestic cattle hair
Skin, hair and cloth remains from the ancient kerma civilization of Northern Sudan
Archaeology (24 works) · Geography (22 works) · History (21 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (17 works) · History (17 works) · Ancient history (14 works) · Wool (12 works) · Art (11 works) · Biology (10 works) · Historical and Cultural Archaeology Studies (8 works)