E J E Szathmary
Biographic Data
| ID | 25371 |
|---|---|
| NAME | E J E Szathmary |
| GIVEN NAMES | E J E |
| FAMILY NAME | Szathmary |
| SIGNATURE | SZATHMARY E J E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Manitoba |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5425-0337 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 27 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 132 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 27 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1974 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Cultural Lenses and Biological Filters On What Makes a Hungarian in the Present and in the Distant Past
The definition of a memoir is “an account of the personal experiences of an author.” This paper provides the reflections of a physical (biological) anthropologist specializing in the genetics of the Indigenous peoples of North America who was born in Hungary, raised in Canada, and served twelve years as president and vice chancellor of the University of Manitoba. This professional background may question the relevance of these reflections to Hung…
Participation, representation, and shared experiences of women scholars in biological anthropology
American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) membership surveys from 1996 and 1998 revealed significant gender disparities in academic status. A 2014 follow‐up survey showed that gender equality had improved, particularly with respect to the number of women in tenure‐stream positions. However, although women comprised 70% of AAPA membership at that time, the percentage of women full professors remained low. Here, we continue to conside…
Centennial Perspective
AJPA. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23406. Volume 165, Issue 4, Centennial Anniversary Issue of AJPA, p. 763, p. 772, and p.766. Errata submitted by the author. Corrections: The names of two authors were omitted from a reference. Stephen L. Zegura and Michael F. Hammer should be listed as second and third authors, respectively, of the paper that had listed Tatiana Karafet (2006) as sole author. As well, an incorrect geographic location was g…
Exceeding Hrdlička's aims
What role has genetics played within physical anthropology? My answer is colored by my perceptions of the discipline, linked to my decision to embrace it. For example, I chose to pursue human population genetics in an anthropological context because I believed that genetic approaches would be more likely to yield secure answers to questions that intrigued me, than would the methods of skeletal biology. I had great faith in answers that genetics c…
The peopling of the Americas and the origin of the Beringian occupation model
The current model for peopling of the Americas involves divergence from an ancestral Asian population followed by a period of population isolation and genetic diversification in Beringia, and finally, a rapid expansion into and throughout the Americas. Studies in the 1970s sought to characterize the biological relationships between different indigenous populations and first proposed an occupation of Beringia. More recent studies using molecular g…
Pre-contact Diets of Indigenous Subarctic Peoples of North America
This chapter focuses on the diets of indigenous peoples of the North American Subarctic before European contact, reconstructing the dietary past using several lines of evidence. These include the climate and environment of the North American Subarctic Culture Area, its animal and plant resources, the prehistory of its indigenous inhabitants, and information on food resources obtained during the contact-traditional phase of their history. For hunt…
Dietary Change in Populations of the North American Subarctic
This chapter considers the consequences of change, from a largely flesh based diet to one that includes flour and sugar, among North American Subarctic populations. It notes the problems associated with assessing dietary change among the indigenous inhabitants of this area, and what is known about their foods. It reviews frequently used methods of dietary intake assessment. Survey findings on total energy intakes and the macronutrient composition…
David Damas (1926–2010)
scholar of comparative social organization, passed away on 14 April 2010 in Burlington, Ontario. He was 83. Mindful of his love of sailing and the Great Lakes freighters that he could see from his apartment overlooking Lake Ontario, his nieces respected his wishes and put his ashes to rest in waters near Burlington Bay
A view on the science
EDITOR's NOTE The year 2000 marks the onset of the 21rst century. Physical anthropologists will provide brief reflections on our discipline, including what attracted them to it, and their views on the directions our discipline may pursue as we enter, in January 2001, the third millennium. Am J Phys Anthropol 111:149–151, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Dietary acculturation among the Dogrib Indians of the Canadian northwest territories
The Dogrib Indians of the Canadian Northwest Territories are undergoing change from a "traditional" to a "modem" life‐style. Such transitions are often associated with the appearance of previously unknown chronic diseases. This study was undertaken to identify patterns of dietary acculturation that may be associated with the appearance of hyperglycemia and diabetes in a population that currently has low prevalence of these conditions. Dietary dat…
Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Among Aboriginal North Americans
Biological Anthropology
Ethnicity and disease
Genetics of aboriginal north Americans
Native American mitochondrial DNA analysis indicates that the Amerind and the Nadene populations were founded by two independent migrations.
Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) from 167 American Indians including 87 Amerind-speakers (Amerinds) and 80 Nadene-speakers (Nadene) were surveyed for sequence variation by detailed restriction analysis. All Native American mtDNAs clustered into one of four distinct lineages, defined by the restriction site variants: HincII site loss at np 13,259, AluI site loss at np 5,176, 9-base pair (9-bp) COII-tRNA(Lys) intergenic deletion and HaeIII site gain at …
Council officers and committees
Geographical distribution of diabetes among the native population of Canada
Glucose Level, Acculturation, and Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Abnormal elevation of the 1c variety of normal hemoglobin A (%HbA1c) is used by clinicians to diagnose diabetes. As a measure of long-term glucose status, %HbA1c may also be employed to indicate differences in mean glucose levels between populations. In a longitudinal study of the etiology of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Amerindians, Dogrib adults living in several settlements in the Canadian Northwest Territories underwent o…
The impact of low carbohydrate consumption on glucose tolerance, insulin concentration and insulin response to glucose challenge in Dogrib Indians
The NDDG and the WHO recommend that individuals undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) consume a minimum of 150 gm of carbohydrate on each of three days preceding the OGTT. Carbohydrate restriction affects the diagnostic accuracy of the OGTT. This is a problem for the diagnosis of diabetes among northern peoples, but may also have relevance for other Amerindians. Dogrib Indians of the Canadian NWT still rely on the traditional dietary, …
Dietary change and plasma glucose levels in an Amerindian population undergoing cultural transition
Anthropology in the Arctic
The study of prehistory in the North American Arctic suffers from epistemological problems that have been resolved by scholars in other areas. The predominance of normative theory and racial typology as the foundations of Arctic anthropology has confined research in large part to the pursuit of racial and cultural histories and seriously inhibited the generation of hypotheses that address questions of process in either cultural or biological adap…
Dogrib Indians of the Northwest Territories, Canada
Phenotypes and gene frequencies of genes at the ABO, Rhesus, MNSs, Diego, Duffy, Kell, Kp, Kidd and P blood group systems are presented for three villages of Dogrib Indians. This population resides between Great Slave and Great Bear Lakes in the Northwest Territories of Canada. Until recently they pursued an exclusively hunting-gathering-fishing lifestyle in the subarctic forest. Maximum European admixture in the Dogrib is 8.7%. Nei's coefficient…
Genetic differentiation in Dogrib Indians
Fourteen polymorphic and 24 monomorphic serum protein and erythrocyte enzyme systems were studied in Dogrib Indians living in three villages in the Northwest Territories of Canada. New information on the subtypes of Gc is provided, as is the description of a new variant at the galactose‐1‐phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) locus. Maximum European admixture in the Dogrib is 8.7%. Contingency chi‐square analysis indicates significant genetic diffe…
Genetic markers in Siberian and northern North American populations
A review of Siberian and North American arctic and subarctic data shows that the “Caucasian” genetic markers A2, K, r, Gmf;b, AK2 and Pc occur in some Uralic-speaking people of northwestern Siberia who are without recent European admixture. In northeastern Siberia these genes are either absent or are found in known hybrids. The Mongoloid markers are unevenly distributed in Siberia, as they are in North America. Dia and Tf occur across the subcont…
Eskimos of Northwestern Alaska
Dietary change and plasma glucose levels in an Amerindian population undergoing cultural transition
Geographical distribution of diabetes among the native population of Canada
Genetic markers in Siberian and northern North American populations
A review of Siberian and North American arctic and subarctic data shows that the “Caucasian” genetic markers A2, K, r, Gmf;b, AK2 and Pc occur in some Uralic-speaking people of northwestern Siberia who are without recent European admixture. In northeastern Siberia these genes are either absent or are found in known hybrids. The Mongoloid markers are unevenly distributed in Siberia, as they are in North America. Dia and Tf occur across the subcont…
Calculation of the maximum amount of gene admixture in a hybrid population
Evidence is presented to show that “Caucasian” genes ( B, K, Lu a , r, AK 2 , P c , and Gm 3,5,11 ) in hybrid North American Indian populations follow a Poisson distribution. A method of determining the maximum amount of admixture, given an observed count of Caucasian genes, is developed. Establishment of the upper limit of admixture is suggested as the preferred estimate of gene flow in situations where absence of specific genes at particular lo…
The peopling of the Americas and the origin of the Beringian occupation model
The current model for peopling of the Americas involves divergence from an ancestral Asian population followed by a period of population isolation and genetic diversification in Beringia, and finally, a rapid expansion into and throughout the Americas. Studies in the 1970s sought to characterize the biological relationships between different indigenous populations and first proposed an occupation of Beringia. More recent studies using molecular g…
Participation, representation, and shared experiences of women scholars in biological anthropology
American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) membership surveys from 1996 and 1998 revealed significant gender disparities in academic status. A 2014 follow‐up survey showed that gender equality had improved, particularly with respect to the number of women in tenure‐stream positions. However, although women comprised 70% of AAPA membership at that time, the percentage of women full professors remained low. Here, we continue to conside…
Glucose Level, Acculturation, and Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Abnormal elevation of the 1c variety of normal hemoglobin A (%HbA1c) is used by clinicians to diagnose diabetes. As a measure of long-term glucose status, %HbA1c may also be employed to indicate differences in mean glucose levels between populations. In a longitudinal study of the etiology of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Amerindians, Dogrib adults living in several settlements in the Canadian Northwest Territories underwent o…
Genetic differentiation in Dogrib Indians
Fourteen polymorphic and 24 monomorphic serum protein and erythrocyte enzyme systems were studied in Dogrib Indians living in three villages in the Northwest Territories of Canada. New information on the subtypes of Gc is provided, as is the description of a new variant at the galactose‐1‐phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) locus. Maximum European admixture in the Dogrib is 8.7%. Contingency chi‐square analysis indicates significant genetic diffe…
The Northern and Southeastern Ojibwa
Two Ojibwa Indian populations in Ontario, selected to represent the Northern (Pikangikum Band) and Southeastern (Wikwemikong Band) branches of this “tribe” are compared for their serum protein and red cell enzyme systems. Albumin, haptoglobin, immunoglobins Gm and Inv, serum α‐globulin and transferrin polymorphisms are reported. The genetic markers Al Naskapi and Gc Chippewa are found in both groups, Tf D Chi in Pikangikum only. Contrary to expec…
Anthropology in the Arctic
The study of prehistory in the North American Arctic suffers from epistemological problems that have been resolved by scholars in other areas. The predominance of normative theory and racial typology as the foundations of Arctic anthropology has confined research in large part to the pursuit of racial and cultural histories and seriously inhibited the generation of hypotheses that address questions of process in either cultural or biological adap…
The impact of low carbohydrate consumption on glucose tolerance, insulin concentration and insulin response to glucose challenge in Dogrib Indians
The NDDG and the WHO recommend that individuals undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) consume a minimum of 150 gm of carbohydrate on each of three days preceding the OGTT. Carbohydrate restriction affects the diagnostic accuracy of the OGTT. This is a problem for the diagnosis of diabetes among northern peoples, but may also have relevance for other Amerindians. Dogrib Indians of the Canadian NWT still rely on the traditional dietary, …
Exceeding Hrdlička's aims
What role has genetics played within physical anthropology? My answer is colored by my perceptions of the discipline, linked to my decision to embrace it. For example, I chose to pursue human population genetics in an anthropological context because I believed that genetic approaches would be more likely to yield secure answers to questions that intrigued me, than would the methods of skeletal biology. I had great faith in answers that genetics c…
The Northern and Southeastern Ojibwa
Two Ojibwa Indian populations in Ontario, selected to represent the Northern (Pikangikum Band) and Southeastern (Wikwemikong Band) branches of this “tribe” are compared for their serum protein and red cell enzyme systems. Albumin, haptoglobin, immunoglobins Gm and Inv, serum α‐globulin and transferrin polymorphisms are reported. The genetic markers Al Naskapi and Gc Chippewa are found in both groups, Tf D Chi in Pikangikum only. Contrary to expec…
Calculation of the maximum amount of gene admixture in a hybrid population
Evidence is presented to show that “Caucasian” genes ( B, K, Lu a , r, AK 2 , P c , and Gm 3,5,11 ) in hybrid North American Indian populations follow a Poisson distribution. A method of determining the maximum amount of admixture, given an observed count of Caucasian genes, is developed. Establishment of the upper limit of admixture is suggested as the preferred estimate of gene flow in situations where absence of specific genes at particular lo…
Eskimos of Northwestern Alaska
Genetic markers in Siberian and northern North American populations
A review of Siberian and North American arctic and subarctic data shows that the “Caucasian” genetic markers A2, K, r, Gmf;b, AK2 and Pc occur in some Uralic-speaking people of northwestern Siberia who are without recent European admixture. In northeastern Siberia these genes are either absent or are found in known hybrids. The Mongoloid markers are unevenly distributed in Siberia, as they are in North America. Dia and Tf occur across the subcont…
Dogrib Indians of the Northwest Territories, Canada
Phenotypes and gene frequencies of genes at the ABO, Rhesus, MNSs, Diego, Duffy, Kell, Kp, Kidd and P blood group systems are presented for three villages of Dogrib Indians. This population resides between Great Slave and Great Bear Lakes in the Northwest Territories of Canada. Until recently they pursued an exclusively hunting-gathering-fishing lifestyle in the subarctic forest. Maximum European admixture in the Dogrib is 8.7%. Nei's coefficient…
Genetic differentiation in Dogrib Indians
Fourteen polymorphic and 24 monomorphic serum protein and erythrocyte enzyme systems were studied in Dogrib Indians living in three villages in the Northwest Territories of Canada. New information on the subtypes of Gc is provided, as is the description of a new variant at the galactose‐1‐phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) locus. Maximum European admixture in the Dogrib is 8.7%. Contingency chi‐square analysis indicates significant genetic diffe…
Anthropology in the Arctic
The study of prehistory in the North American Arctic suffers from epistemological problems that have been resolved by scholars in other areas. The predominance of normative theory and racial typology as the foundations of Arctic anthropology has confined research in large part to the pursuit of racial and cultural histories and seriously inhibited the generation of hypotheses that address questions of process in either cultural or biological adap…
Dietary change and plasma glucose levels in an Amerindian population undergoing cultural transition
The impact of low carbohydrate consumption on glucose tolerance, insulin concentration and insulin response to glucose challenge in Dogrib Indians
The NDDG and the WHO recommend that individuals undergoing an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) consume a minimum of 150 gm of carbohydrate on each of three days preceding the OGTT. Carbohydrate restriction affects the diagnostic accuracy of the OGTT. This is a problem for the diagnosis of diabetes among northern peoples, but may also have relevance for other Amerindians. Dogrib Indians of the Canadian NWT still rely on the traditional dietary, …
Council officers and committees
Geographical distribution of diabetes among the native population of Canada
Glucose Level, Acculturation, and Glycosylated Hemoglobin
Abnormal elevation of the 1c variety of normal hemoglobin A (%HbA1c) is used by clinicians to diagnose diabetes. As a measure of long-term glucose status, %HbA1c may also be employed to indicate differences in mean glucose levels between populations. In a longitudinal study of the etiology of noninsulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Amerindians, Dogrib adults living in several settlements in the Canadian Northwest Territories underwent o…
Native American mitochondrial DNA analysis indicates that the Amerind and the Nadene populations were founded by two independent migrations.
Mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) from 167 American Indians including 87 Amerind-speakers (Amerinds) and 80 Nadene-speakers (Nadene) were surveyed for sequence variation by detailed restriction analysis. All Native American mtDNAs clustered into one of four distinct lineages, defined by the restriction site variants: HincII site loss at np 13,259, AluI site loss at np 5,176, 9-base pair (9-bp) COII-tRNA(Lys) intergenic deletion and HaeIII site gain at …
Ethnicity and disease
Genetics of aboriginal north Americans
Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Among Aboriginal North Americans
Biological Anthropology
Dietary acculturation among the Dogrib Indians of the Canadian northwest territories
The Dogrib Indians of the Canadian Northwest Territories are undergoing change from a "traditional" to a "modem" life‐style. Such transitions are often associated with the appearance of previously unknown chronic diseases. This study was undertaken to identify patterns of dietary acculturation that may be associated with the appearance of hyperglycemia and diabetes in a population that currently has low prevalence of these conditions. Dietary dat…
A view on the science
EDITOR's NOTE The year 2000 marks the onset of the 21rst century. Physical anthropologists will provide brief reflections on our discipline, including what attracted them to it, and their views on the directions our discipline may pursue as we enter, in January 2001, the third millennium. Am J Phys Anthropol 111:149–151, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc
David Damas (1926–2010)
scholar of comparative social organization, passed away on 14 April 2010 in Burlington, Ontario. He was 83. Mindful of his love of sailing and the Great Lakes freighters that he could see from his apartment overlooking Lake Ontario, his nieces respected his wishes and put his ashes to rest in waters near Burlington Bay
Pre-contact Diets of Indigenous Subarctic Peoples of North America
This chapter focuses on the diets of indigenous peoples of the North American Subarctic before European contact, reconstructing the dietary past using several lines of evidence. These include the climate and environment of the North American Subarctic Culture Area, its animal and plant resources, the prehistory of its indigenous inhabitants, and information on food resources obtained during the contact-traditional phase of their history. For hunt…
Dietary Change in Populations of the North American Subarctic
This chapter considers the consequences of change, from a largely flesh based diet to one that includes flour and sugar, among North American Subarctic populations. It notes the problems associated with assessing dietary change among the indigenous inhabitants of this area, and what is known about their foods. It reviews frequently used methods of dietary intake assessment. Survey findings on total energy intakes and the macronutrient composition…
The peopling of the Americas and the origin of the Beringian occupation model
The current model for peopling of the Americas involves divergence from an ancestral Asian population followed by a period of population isolation and genetic diversification in Beringia, and finally, a rapid expansion into and throughout the Americas. Studies in the 1970s sought to characterize the biological relationships between different indigenous populations and first proposed an occupation of Beringia. More recent studies using molecular g…
Participation, representation, and shared experiences of women scholars in biological anthropology
American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA) membership surveys from 1996 and 1998 revealed significant gender disparities in academic status. A 2014 follow‐up survey showed that gender equality had improved, particularly with respect to the number of women in tenure‐stream positions. However, although women comprised 70% of AAPA membership at that time, the percentage of women full professors remained low. Here, we continue to conside…
Centennial Perspective
AJPA. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.23406. Volume 165, Issue 4, Centennial Anniversary Issue of AJPA, p. 763, p. 772, and p.766. Errata submitted by the author. Corrections: The names of two authors were omitted from a reference. Stephen L. Zegura and Michael F. Hammer should be listed as second and third authors, respectively, of the paper that had listed Tatiana Karafet (2006) as sole author. As well, an incorrect geographic location was g…
Geography (12 works) · Biology (11 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Indigenous Studies and Ecology (10 works) · Anthropology (9 works) · Archaeology (9 works) · Population (9 works) · Medicine (8 works) · Demography (7 works) · History (6 works)