Elizabeth C Stone
Dados Biográficos
| ID | 254394 |
|---|---|
| NOME | Elizabeth C Stone |
| PRENOMES | Elizabeth C |
| SOBRENOME | Stone |
| ASSINATURA | STONE E C |
| AFILIAÇÕES | Stony Brook University |
| VERIFICADO | Não |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 26 |
| TOTAL DE CITAÇÕES | 145 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMEIRO ANO DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 1981 |
| ANO MAIS RECENTE DE PUBLICAÇÃO | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
The Structure and Hydrology of the Early Dynastic City of Lagash (Tell Al-Hiba) From Satellite and Aerial Images
Satellite imagery and UAV (drone) photos taken at Lagash (modern Tell al-Hiba) after rainstorms and at times of elevated soil moisture show dense near-surface architecture that dates mostly to the Early Dynastic III period (c. 2600–2350 BCE) and covers several hundred hectares. Archaeological knowledge of Mesopotamian urban structure has mostly been limited to isolated excavated neighbourhoods, such as at third millennium BCE Tutub (Khafajah) or …
Two Great Households of Old Babylonian Ur
Two substantial houses dating to the early second millennium BCE have recently been unearthed at separate, previously unexplored locations in Ur. Their respective owners occupied important positions of power in different spheres. One flourished ca 1840 BCE and was the chief administrator of the second most important temple in Ur. His house lay near the southern city wall, well removed from the institution with which he was associated. The second …
Neighborhood as an Archaeological Concept
There is no question that traditional cities, including most urban centers studied by archaeologists, are and were typically sub-divided into numerous face-to-face communities or neighborhoods. However, the large size of even the smallest of these urban centers impedes the ability of archaeologists to generate the data needed for their full assessment. As a result, all of the papers in this volume consider the interaction between neighbors-which …
Deep Inequality
Greater post-Neolithic wealth disparities in Eurasia than in North America and Mesoamerica
Archaeology Returns to Ur
More than eighty years after Woolley's departure, the authors have initiated excavations in Mesopotamia's most celebrated residential district, Ur's Area AH. Did private housing change significantly as Ur went from the capital of a bureaucratic empire under its Third Dynasty to a city state in the Isin-Larsa period? The authors opened four areas, two within Woolley's excavations and two just outside of them. In the former, there was a great deal …
An Update on the Looting of Archaeological Sites in Iraq
Southern Iraq suffered an onslaught of looting of archaeological sites following the first Gulf War and especially in the immediate aftermath of the US invasion. This paper uses recent high resolution satellite imagery taken by the Digital Globe Corporation to compare data on site looting collected based on imagery from 2003 to today. The high resolution of these images makes every looting hole clearly visible. These data show that while looting …
High-Resolution Imagery and the Recovery of Surface Architectural Patterns
In large arid floodplains, like that of southern Iraq, the rise of the water table associated with irrigation can result in surface salt concentrations over the remains of subsurface architecture. These traces are visible only from the air but are sometimes captured by commercially available submeter pixel imagery. This article describes the methods used and some of the results of a project using QuickBird, WorldView-1, and WorldView-2 imagery to…
Surface Survey and Satellite Reconnaissance
The recent introduction of irrigation around the site of Mashkan-shapir, together with the availability of high resolution satellite imagery, has resulted in the preservation of architectural traces which could not be recovered when the site was researched between 1987 and 1990. In spite of recent looting, these traces have allowed the identification of the location of the palace and the reconstruction of much of the street system of this city, i…
Ancient Mesopotamia at the Dawn of Civilization
An assessment of archaeological sites in June 2008
The proposal to develop an Iraqi-British project to protect and promote cultural heritage in Southern Iraq was first mooted at a lunch in the British Museum on 24 September 2007, involving Major-General Barney White-Spunner, Charles Moore, former editor of the Daily Telegraph, Neil MacGregor, Director of the British Museum, and John Curtis, Keeper of the Department of the Middle East at the British Museum. The lunch had been arranged to provide M…
Patterns of looting in southern Iraq
The archaeological sites of Iraq, precious for their bearing on human history, became especially vulnerable to looters during two wars. Much of the looting evidence has been anecdotal up to now, but here satellite imagery has been employed to show which sites were looted and when. Sites of all sizes from late Uruk to early Islamic were targeted for their high value artefacts, particularly just before and after the 2003 invasion. The author commen…
Settlement and Society
The Ur III-Old Babylonian Transition
Mesopotamian history tends to be phrased in terms of stages: Early Dynastic city-states replaced by imperial Akkad, bureaucratic Ur III replaced by the more individualistic Isin-Larsa and Old Babylonian periods thanks to the influence of the Amorites, etc. Lost in this process is a sense of the longue durée of Mesopotamian civilization, the basic and largely unchanging aspects of its society, economy and politics. In this paper I will explore one…
The Analysis of Cutmarks on Archaeofauna
Zooarchaeologists utilize a diverse set of approaches for quantifying cutmark frequencies. The least quantitative method for cutmark analysis relies on composite diagrams of cutmarks overlain on drawings of skeletal elements (diagramatic methods). To date, interpretations of these data have generally relied on qualitative and subjective assessments of cutmark frequency and placement. Many analysts count the number of fragments that have a cutmark…
Estimating the Minimum Number of Skeletal Elements (MNE) in Zooarchaeology
Most zooarchaeologists employ some type of derived measure of skeletal element abundance in their analyses of faunal data. The minimum number of individuals (MNI) and the minimum number of animal units (MAU) are two of the most popular derived measurements, and each is based on a prior estimate of the minimum number of elements (MNE). Thus, the estimate of MNE from fragmented faunal fragments is the essential foundation for all inferences emanati…
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, 1988-1990
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, 1988–1990
The second (1988–1989) and third (1990) seasons of excavation and survey at the 2nd-millennium B.C. urban site of Tell Abu Duwari (ancient Mashkan-shapir), Iraq, have yielded important new evidence on the organization of ancient Mesopotamian cities. A combination of aerial and surface survey has provided a broad overview of the differing functional areas, and of the role played by canals, streets, and walls to divide the city. Excavations consist…
Adoption in Old Babylonian Nippur and the Archive of Mannum-mešu-liṣṣur
Chariots of the Gods in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia (c. 2000–1600 BC)
The distribution of designs on Mesopotamian terracottas can provide clues to the relationship between symbols and meaning at different localities. Unlike other Mesopotamian terracottas whose iconography reflects pan-Mesopotamian beliefs, the designs on model chariots are site-specific. While Mesopotamian religious symbols should probably be interpreted as representing aspects of divine power rather than individual deities, combinations of symbols…
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, Iraq, 1987
Tell Abu Duwari, located in Iraq, comprises the remains of a large (56 ha), primarily single-period city dating to the early second millennium B.C. It provides a unique opportunity for investigating the organization of an ancient Mesopotamian city, because both its lack of overburden and the presence of numerous surface indicators make possible, without excavation, the reconstruction of the major features of the urban plan. The first season of re…
Black Sheep and Kissing Cousins
When someone says, at a holiday dinner table, Oh, those Lawrence cousins lose control all time, or the Davises always had more talent than luck, you can be sure there's a lesson being passed along, from one generation to another. Who tells stories to whom and about what is never a random matter. Our family stories have a secret power: they play a unique role in shaping our identity, our sense of our place in world. The give us values, inspiration…
Temples et Sanctuaries
Trade, Women, Class, and Society in Ancient Western Asia [and Comments and Reply]
Recent discussion of the effects on society of long-distance exchange has brought the once generally accepted view of early Mesopotamian society as "statist" under heavy fire. There is now broad consensus that by Early Dynastic III there were widespread exchange systems in which the production of commodities played an important role and that by that time individuals were engaging in exchange for personal gain. These important new insights have ha…
The Prehistory of the Northeast Bahtiyari Mountains, Iran
Patterns of looting in southern Iraq
The archaeological sites of Iraq, precious for their bearing on human history, became especially vulnerable to looters during two wars. Much of the looting evidence has been anecdotal up to now, but here satellite imagery has been employed to show which sites were looted and when. Sites of all sizes from late Uruk to early Islamic were targeted for their high value artefacts, particularly just before and after the 2003 invasion. The author commen…
Estimating the Minimum Number of Skeletal Elements (MNE) in Zooarchaeology
Most zooarchaeologists employ some type of derived measure of skeletal element abundance in their analyses of faunal data. The minimum number of individuals (MNI) and the minimum number of animal units (MAU) are two of the most popular derived measurements, and each is based on a prior estimate of the minimum number of elements (MNE). Thus, the estimate of MNE from fragmented faunal fragments is the essential foundation for all inferences emanati…
The Analysis of Cutmarks on Archaeofauna
Zooarchaeologists utilize a diverse set of approaches for quantifying cutmark frequencies. The least quantitative method for cutmark analysis relies on composite diagrams of cutmarks overlain on drawings of skeletal elements (diagramatic methods). To date, interpretations of these data have generally relied on qualitative and subjective assessments of cutmark frequency and placement. Many analysts count the number of fragments that have a cutmark…
Trade, Women, Class, and Society in Ancient Western Asia [and Comments and Reply]
Recent discussion of the effects on society of long-distance exchange has brought the once generally accepted view of early Mesopotamian society as "statist" under heavy fire. There is now broad consensus that by Early Dynastic III there were widespread exchange systems in which the production of commodities played an important role and that by that time individuals were engaging in exchange for personal gain. These important new insights have ha…
An Update on the Looting of Archaeological Sites in Iraq
Southern Iraq suffered an onslaught of looting of archaeological sites following the first Gulf War and especially in the immediate aftermath of the US invasion. This paper uses recent high resolution satellite imagery taken by the Digital Globe Corporation to compare data on site looting collected based on imagery from 2003 to today. The high resolution of these images makes every looting hole clearly visible. These data show that while looting …
High-Resolution Imagery and the Recovery of Surface Architectural Patterns
In large arid floodplains, like that of southern Iraq, the rise of the water table associated with irrigation can result in surface salt concentrations over the remains of subsurface architecture. These traces are visible only from the air but are sometimes captured by commercially available submeter pixel imagery. This article describes the methods used and some of the results of a project using QuickBird, WorldView-1, and WorldView-2 imagery to…
Neighborhood as an Archaeological Concept
There is no question that traditional cities, including most urban centers studied by archaeologists, are and were typically sub-divided into numerous face-to-face communities or neighborhoods. However, the large size of even the smallest of these urban centers impedes the ability of archaeologists to generate the data needed for their full assessment. As a result, all of the papers in this volume consider the interaction between neighbors-which …
Chariots of the Gods in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia (c. 2000–1600 BC)
The distribution of designs on Mesopotamian terracottas can provide clues to the relationship between symbols and meaning at different localities. Unlike other Mesopotamian terracottas whose iconography reflects pan-Mesopotamian beliefs, the designs on model chariots are site-specific. While Mesopotamian religious symbols should probably be interpreted as representing aspects of divine power rather than individual deities, combinations of symbols…
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, Iraq, 1987
Tell Abu Duwari, located in Iraq, comprises the remains of a large (56 ha), primarily single-period city dating to the early second millennium B.C. It provides a unique opportunity for investigating the organization of an ancient Mesopotamian city, because both its lack of overburden and the presence of numerous surface indicators make possible, without excavation, the reconstruction of the major features of the urban plan. The first season of re…
Archaeology Returns to Ur
More than eighty years after Woolley's departure, the authors have initiated excavations in Mesopotamia's most celebrated residential district, Ur's Area AH. Did private housing change significantly as Ur went from the capital of a bureaucratic empire under its Third Dynasty to a city state in the Isin-Larsa period? The authors opened four areas, two within Woolley's excavations and two just outside of them. In the former, there was a great deal …
The Social Role of the Naditu Women in Old Babylonian Nippur
Texts, Architecture and Ethnographic Analogy
The student of ancient Mesopotamian society is blessed not only in having access to written evidence, but in having that evidence frequently preserved in significant archaeological context. Although all artifacts both derive meaning from their context and aid in the interpretation of this context, none can equal the cuneiform tablet in informative power. Only partial understanding is possible from a study of the texts and the other archaeological…
The Social Role of the Naditu Women in Old Babylonian Nippur
The Prehistory of the Northeast Bahtiyari Mountains, Iran
Trade, Women, Class, and Society in Ancient Western Asia [and Comments and Reply]
Recent discussion of the effects on society of long-distance exchange has brought the once generally accepted view of early Mesopotamian society as "statist" under heavy fire. There is now broad consensus that by Early Dynastic III there were widespread exchange systems in which the production of commodities played an important role and that by that time individuals were engaging in exchange for personal gain. These important new insights have ha…
Temples et Sanctuaries
Black Sheep and Kissing Cousins
When someone says, at a holiday dinner table, Oh, those Lawrence cousins lose control all time, or the Davises always had more talent than luck, you can be sure there's a lesson being passed along, from one generation to another. Who tells stories to whom and about what is never a random matter. Our family stories have a secret power: they play a unique role in shaping our identity, our sense of our place in world. The give us values, inspiration…
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, Iraq, 1987
Tell Abu Duwari, located in Iraq, comprises the remains of a large (56 ha), primarily single-period city dating to the early second millennium B.C. It provides a unique opportunity for investigating the organization of an ancient Mesopotamian city, because both its lack of overburden and the presence of numerous surface indicators make possible, without excavation, the reconstruction of the major features of the urban plan. The first season of re…
Chariots of the Gods in Old Babylonian Mesopotamia (c. 2000–1600 BC)
The distribution of designs on Mesopotamian terracottas can provide clues to the relationship between symbols and meaning at different localities. Unlike other Mesopotamian terracottas whose iconography reflects pan-Mesopotamian beliefs, the designs on model chariots are site-specific. While Mesopotamian religious symbols should probably be interpreted as representing aspects of divine power rather than individual deities, combinations of symbols…
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, 1988-1990
The Tell Abu Duwari Project, 1988–1990
The second (1988–1989) and third (1990) seasons of excavation and survey at the 2nd-millennium B.C. urban site of Tell Abu Duwari (ancient Mashkan-shapir), Iraq, have yielded important new evidence on the organization of ancient Mesopotamian cities. A combination of aerial and surface survey has provided a broad overview of the differing functional areas, and of the role played by canals, streets, and walls to divide the city. Excavations consist…
Adoption in Old Babylonian Nippur and the Archive of Mannum-mešu-liṣṣur
Estimating the Minimum Number of Skeletal Elements (MNE) in Zooarchaeology
Most zooarchaeologists employ some type of derived measure of skeletal element abundance in their analyses of faunal data. The minimum number of individuals (MNI) and the minimum number of animal units (MAU) are two of the most popular derived measurements, and each is based on a prior estimate of the minimum number of elements (MNE). Thus, the estimate of MNE from fragmented faunal fragments is the essential foundation for all inferences emanati…
The Ur III-Old Babylonian Transition
Mesopotamian history tends to be phrased in terms of stages: Early Dynastic city-states replaced by imperial Akkad, bureaucratic Ur III replaced by the more individualistic Isin-Larsa and Old Babylonian periods thanks to the influence of the Amorites, etc. Lost in this process is a sense of the longue durée of Mesopotamian civilization, the basic and largely unchanging aspects of its society, economy and politics. In this paper I will explore one…
The Analysis of Cutmarks on Archaeofauna
Zooarchaeologists utilize a diverse set of approaches for quantifying cutmark frequencies. The least quantitative method for cutmark analysis relies on composite diagrams of cutmarks overlain on drawings of skeletal elements (diagramatic methods). To date, interpretations of these data have generally relied on qualitative and subjective assessments of cutmark frequency and placement. Many analysts count the number of fragments that have a cutmark…
Settlement and Society
An assessment of archaeological sites in June 2008
The proposal to develop an Iraqi-British project to protect and promote cultural heritage in Southern Iraq was first mooted at a lunch in the British Museum on 24 September 2007, involving Major-General Barney White-Spunner, Charles Moore, former editor of the Daily Telegraph, Neil MacGregor, Director of the British Museum, and John Curtis, Keeper of the Department of the Middle East at the British Museum. The lunch had been arranged to provide M…
Patterns of looting in southern Iraq
The archaeological sites of Iraq, precious for their bearing on human history, became especially vulnerable to looters during two wars. Much of the looting evidence has been anecdotal up to now, but here satellite imagery has been employed to show which sites were looted and when. Sites of all sizes from late Uruk to early Islamic were targeted for their high value artefacts, particularly just before and after the 2003 invasion. The author commen…
Ancient Mesopotamia at the Dawn of Civilization
Surface Survey and Satellite Reconnaissance
The recent introduction of irrigation around the site of Mashkan-shapir, together with the availability of high resolution satellite imagery, has resulted in the preservation of architectural traces which could not be recovered when the site was researched between 1987 and 1990. In spite of recent looting, these traces have allowed the identification of the location of the palace and the reconstruction of much of the street system of this city, i…
High-Resolution Imagery and the Recovery of Surface Architectural Patterns
In large arid floodplains, like that of southern Iraq, the rise of the water table associated with irrigation can result in surface salt concentrations over the remains of subsurface architecture. These traces are visible only from the air but are sometimes captured by commercially available submeter pixel imagery. This article describes the methods used and some of the results of a project using QuickBird, WorldView-1, and WorldView-2 imagery to…
An Update on the Looting of Archaeological Sites in Iraq
Southern Iraq suffered an onslaught of looting of archaeological sites following the first Gulf War and especially in the immediate aftermath of the US invasion. This paper uses recent high resolution satellite imagery taken by the Digital Globe Corporation to compare data on site looting collected based on imagery from 2003 to today. The high resolution of these images makes every looting hole clearly visible. These data show that while looting …
Archaeology Returns to Ur
More than eighty years after Woolley's departure, the authors have initiated excavations in Mesopotamia's most celebrated residential district, Ur's Area AH. Did private housing change significantly as Ur went from the capital of a bureaucratic empire under its Third Dynasty to a city state in the Isin-Larsa period? The authors opened four areas, two within Woolley's excavations and two just outside of them. In the former, there was a great deal …
Greater post-Neolithic wealth disparities in Eurasia than in North America and Mesoamerica
Deep Inequality
Neighborhood as an Archaeological Concept
There is no question that traditional cities, including most urban centers studied by archaeologists, are and were typically sub-divided into numerous face-to-face communities or neighborhoods. However, the large size of even the smallest of these urban centers impedes the ability of archaeologists to generate the data needed for their full assessment. As a result, all of the papers in this volume consider the interaction between neighbors-which …
Archaeology (20 obras) · History (18 obras) · Geography (15 obras) · Ancient history (14 obras) · Ancient Near East History (11 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 obras) · Archaeology and Historical Studies (10 obras) · Ancient Egypt and Archaeology (9 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Archaeological Research and Protection (7 obras)