Gingrich
Biographic Data
| ID | 25510 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Gingrich |
| FAMILY NAME | Gingrich |
| SIGNATURE | GINGRICH |
| AFFILIATIONS | BOKU University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7891-8688 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 48 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 137 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 48 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2007 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 7 |
Slow and unequal reduction in Austrian household GHG footprints between 2000 and 2020
Understanding the trends and distribution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions embodied in household consumption is pivotal to developing climate‐change mitigation strategies that are just and effective. While household GHG footprints inequality is increasingly investigated, less is known about its temporal dynamics across product groups. For the case of Austria, we (1) develop a database for household GHG footprints from 2000 to 2020 by combining m…
Conceptualizing supply- and demand-side climate change mitigation: A typology and new research directions
Is decoupling enough to achieve the U.S. climate targets for agriculture and forestry? Historical greenhouse gas and biomass fluxes from Afolu sector production in the United States, 1910–2022
Sustainable land systems in the Anthropocene: Navigating the global land squeeze
Terrestrial ecosystems provide biomass for food, feed, fuel and fibre. Land also hosts infrastructures and waste deposits. At the same time, ecosystems perform ecological functions that are essential for climate regulation and biodiversity, among others. A plethora of demands on land system emerges from ongoing population growth and widespread malnutrition combined with the necessity to safeguard biodiversity while ramping up natural climate solu…
Society’s material stocks as carbon pool: An economy-wide quantification of global carbon stocks from 1900–2015
Societal activities massively alter the global carbon (C) cycle, thereby driving global climate heating. Socioeconomic material stocks - e.g. in buildings and infrastructures - have been identified as a C pool that can potentially store increasing amounts of C, thereby keeping C away from the atmosphere. However, little is known about the size, composition, distribution and development of global socioeconomic C stocks. Based on an established eco…
Livestock increasingly drove global agricultural emissions growth from 1910–2015
Emissions from agricultural activities constitute 11% of global greenhouse gas emissions and are hard to abate. Here, we present and analyze a consistent empirical assessment of global emissions from agricultural activities from 1910–2015. Agricultural emissions increased 3.5-fold from 1910–2015, from 1.9 to 6.7 GtCO 2 eq yr −1 . CH 4 emissions, emissions from enteric fermentation and from livestock products contributed the highest fractions of e…
Insights into 15 years of transdisciplinary research on a small Greek island
Small islands offer unique conditions for studying human-nature relations. Our study uses the real-world laboratory concept to reflect on a long-term transdisciplinary research process that aimed to facilitate a sustainability transition for an entire island.This article introduces a long-term transdisciplinary research process on the Greek island of Samothraki, aiming at sustainability solutions that are not only scientifically sound, but also c…
The politics of carbon management in Austria: Emerging fault lines on carbon capture, storage, utilization and removal
With the proliferation of net zero targets in climate policy and corporate climate governance, the question of how to deal with greenhouse gas emissions considered hard-to-abate is attracting growing attention. In this context, the notion of carbon management has emerged on the political agenda – an umbrella term typically encompassing carbon capture and storage (CCS), carbon capture and utilization (CCU) and carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Here, w…
Timber trade in the United States of America 1870 to 2017. A socio-metabolic analysis
The importance of international timber trade in The United States forest transition is poorly understood. Here, we synthesize a variety of historical sources to establish a consistent socio-metabolic dataset for U.S. physical trade in timber and timber products from 1870 to 2017, distinguishing three product categories (raw, primary and final products) and major trading partners. The United States increasingly relied on net imports of primary and…
Recent advances in social metabolism research: Sources and methods
Social Metabolism research emerged in the 1970s and has since evolved into a dynamic field of social science research on pressing environmental and sustainability challenges in the twenty‐first century. Historians began using these methods to evaluate socio‐ecological transitions of societies and compare patterns of resource use over time and across space. This introduction explains the central tenets of Social Metabolism research and briefly exp…
Biomass—Critical limits to a vital resource
Combining biophysical modeling and Polanyian theory pleads for a re-embedding of the agricultural system in 2050 in Austria
Land use faces a double challenge: to provide biomass to a growing population while contributing to climate-change mitigation. We here scrutinize this challenge by exploring the domestic option space for meeting the food demand of Austria in 2050 under the condition of no deforestation. To that end, we bring together a quantitative assessment based on biogeochemical models with a socio-political analysis based on the conceptual framework of (dis-…
From woodfuel to industrial wood: A socio-metabolic reading of the forest transition in Spain (1860–2010)
Discursive and biophysical dimensions of land sparing policies in Laos: Implications for greenhouse gas emissions and food security
Land-use competition between forest conservation and agricultural food production poses major threats to climate change mitigation and food security. Land sparing policies aim at reconciling this conundrum by intensifying agriculture while conserving forests, but scientific debates prevail about their effectiveness. To contribute to this debate, we analyze the discursive dimension of land sparing efforts and their biophysical implications for Lao…
Mechanisms to exclude local people from forests: Shifting power relations in forest transitions
Forest transitions may significantly contribute to climate change mitigation but also change forest use, affecting the local people benefiting from forests. We analyze forest transitions as contested processes that simplify multifunctional landscapes and alter local livelihoods. Drawing on the Theory of Access, we develop a conceptual framework to investigate practices of multifunctional forest use and the mechanisms that exclude local forest use…
Carbon emissions from land acquisitions in Laos
Large-scale land acquisitions repeatedly fall short of their acclaimed socioeconomic benefits and are associated with unintended social, economic, and ecological costs. In Laos, the government has started to question its own “Turning Land into Capital” policy, and reviews land acquisitions or concessions with regard to their socioeconomic impacts. Empirical investigations of environmental impacts of land concessions, however, remain underrepresen…
Global agricultural trade and land system sustainability: Implications for ecosystem carbon storage, biodiversity, and human nutrition
Global land systems are increasingly shaped by international trade of agricultural products. An increasing number of studies have quantified the implications of agricultural trade for single different aspects of land system sustainability. Bringing together studies across different sustainability dimensions, this review inves-tigates how global agricultural trade flows have affected land systems and resulting impacts on food and nutrient availabi…
Reshaping the European agro-food system and closing its nitrogen cycle: The potential of combining dietary change, agroecology, and circularity
Changes in energy and livestock systems largely explain the forest transition in Austria (1830–1910)
Achieving a global forest transition, that is a shift from deforestation to reforestation, is important for climate-change mitigation. Forest transitions are enabled by socioecological processes, including land displacement, agricultural intensification and woodfuel substitution for other energy, but their respective contributions remain poorly understood. Here, by means of a scenario approach we quantify the importance of enabling conditions of …
The social and ecological costs of reforestation. Territorialization and industrialization of land use accompany forest transitions in Southeast Asia
Five Southeast Asian countries (Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Philippines and Malaysia) have experienced forest transitions, that is, a shift from net deforestation to net increases in forest area, since the 1990s. Climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+ actively promote reforestation, especially in the Global South, where they have been accompanied by exclusionary effects, known as green grabbing. In a regional analysis, we highlight some of…
Socio-ecological drivers of long-term ecosystem carbon stock trend: An assessment with the Lucca model of the French case
Toward sustainable and just forest recovery: Research gaps and potentials for knowledge integration
The phosphorus legacy offers opportunities for agro-ecological transition (France 1850–2075)
Management of the non-renewable resource phosphorus (P) is critical to agricultural sustainability. The global P cycle is currently disturbed beyond planetary boundaries, mostly due to large excess P use in the agriculture of industrialized countries, while P is lacking in the Global South. The trajectories of P management and their effects on future sustainable agriculture were investigated for the case of France from 1850 to 2015 based on empir…
The Sustainable Development Goals prioritize economic growth over sustainable resource use: A critical reflection on the SDGs from a socio-ecological perspective
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) were adopted in 2015, succeeding the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). While the MDGs focused on improving well-being in the developing world, the 17 SDGs address all countries and aim at reconciling economic and social with ecological goals. We adopt a social ecology perspective and critically reflect on the SDGs’ potential for monitoring, supporting, and bringing about a transformation towards sustain…
A comprehensive data-based assessment of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the US 1907–2012
The consistent and robust assessment of ecosystem carbon stocks remains central to developing and monitoring climate change mitigation strategies. Here, we investigate the dynamics of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the conterminous United States between 1907 and 2012 at national and regional levels. We build upon timber volume records from historical forest inventories and use a modelling approach to include all relevant pools, e.g. soil carbo…
The Sustainable Development Goals prioritize economic growth over sustainable resource use: A critical reflection on the SDGs from a socio-ecological perspective
The sustainable development goals (SDGs) were adopted in 2015, succeeding the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). While the MDGs focused on improving well-being in the developing world, the 17 SDGs address all countries and aim at reconciling economic and social with ecological goals. We adopt a social ecology perspective and critically reflect on the SDGs’ potential for monitoring, supporting, and bringing about a transformation towards sustain…
The global metabolic transition: Regional patterns and trends of global material flows, 1950–2010
Since the World War II, many economies have transitioned from an agrarian, biomass-based to an industrial, minerals-based metabolic regime. Since 1950, world population grew by factor 2.7 and global material consumption by factor 3.7-71 Gigatonnes per year in 2010. The expansion of the resource base required by human societies is associated with growing pressure on the environment and infringement on the habitats of other species. In order to ach…
Opening the black box of energy throughputs in farm systems: A decomposition analysis between the energy returns to external inputs, internal biomass reuses and total inputs consumed (the Vallès Count…
India's biophysical economy, 1961–2008. Sustainability in a national and global context
India's economic growth in the last decade has raised several concerns in terms of its present and future resource demands for materials and energy. While per capita resource consumption is still extremely modest but on the rise, its sheer population qualifies India as a fast growing giant with material and energy throughput that is growing rapidly . If such national and local trends continue, the challenges for regional, national as well as glob…
The Metabolic Transition in Japan: A Material Flow Account for the Period From 1878 to 2005
The notion of a (socio-) metabolic transition has been used to describe fundamental changes in socioeconomic energy and material use during industrialization. During the last century, Japan developed from a largely agrarian economy to one of the world's leading industrial nations. It is one of the few industrial countries that has experienced prolonged dematerialization and recently has adopted a rigorous resource policy. This article investigate…
Hidden emissions of forest transitions: A socio-ecological reading of forest change
Achieving a global forest transition, that is, a shift from net deforestation to reforestation, is essential for climate change mitigation. However, both land-based climate change mitigation policy and research on forest transitions neglect key processes that relieve pressure from forests, but cause emissions elsewhere (‘hidden emissions’). Here, we identify three major causes of hidden emissions of forest transitions, that is, emissions from agr…
Exploring long-term trends in land use change and aboveground human appropriation of net primary production in nine European countries
Providing Food While Sustaining Soil Fertility in Two Pre-industrial Alpine Agroecosystems
The social and ecological costs of reforestation. Territorialization and industrialization of land use accompany forest transitions in Southeast Asia
Five Southeast Asian countries (Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Philippines and Malaysia) have experienced forest transitions, that is, a shift from net deforestation to net increases in forest area, since the 1990s. Climate change mitigation policies such as REDD+ actively promote reforestation, especially in the Global South, where they have been accompanied by exclusionary effects, known as green grabbing. In a regional analysis, we highlight some of…
Long-term trajectories of the human appropriation of net primary production: Lessons from six national case studies
From woodfuel to industrial wood: A socio-metabolic reading of the forest transition in Spain (1860–2010)
Mechanisms to exclude local people from forests: Shifting power relations in forest transitions
Forest transitions may significantly contribute to climate change mitigation but also change forest use, affecting the local people benefiting from forests. We analyze forest transitions as contested processes that simplify multifunctional landscapes and alter local livelihoods. Drawing on the Theory of Access, we develop a conceptual framework to investigate practices of multifunctional forest use and the mechanisms that exclude local forest use…
Foreign trade and early industrialisation in the Habsburg Monarchy and the United Kingdom — Two extremes in comparison
The concept of socio-ecological transitions is used to analyse the quantitative importance of physical imports and exports for the Habsburg Empire and the United Kingdom in the 19th and early 20th centuries. For the Habsburg Empire, a new dataset of foreign trade and social metabolism is presented. For the United Kingdom, the analysis relies on previously published data. Foreign trade volumes increased in both countries in the long run. Total tra…
Conceptualizing supply- and demand-side climate change mitigation: A typology and new research directions
Timber trade in the United States of America 1870 to 2017. A socio-metabolic analysis
The importance of international timber trade in The United States forest transition is poorly understood. Here, we synthesize a variety of historical sources to establish a consistent socio-metabolic dataset for U.S. physical trade in timber and timber products from 1870 to 2017, distinguishing three product categories (raw, primary and final products) and major trading partners. The United States increasingly relied on net imports of primary and…
Carbon emissions from land acquisitions in Laos
Large-scale land acquisitions repeatedly fall short of their acclaimed socioeconomic benefits and are associated with unintended social, economic, and ecological costs. In Laos, the government has started to question its own “Turning Land into Capital” policy, and reviews land acquisitions or concessions with regard to their socioeconomic impacts. Empirical investigations of environmental impacts of land concessions, however, remain underrepresen…
Changes in energy and livestock systems largely explain the forest transition in Austria (1830–1910)
Achieving a global forest transition, that is a shift from deforestation to reforestation, is important for climate-change mitigation. Forest transitions are enabled by socioecological processes, including land displacement, agricultural intensification and woodfuel substitution for other energy, but their respective contributions remain poorly understood. Here, by means of a scenario approach we quantify the importance of enabling conditions of …
Socio-ecological drivers of long-term ecosystem carbon stock trend: An assessment with the Lucca model of the French case
Quantifying and mapping the human appropriation of net primary production in earth's terrestrial ecosystems
Human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP), the aggregate impact of land use on biomass available each year in ecosystems, is a prominent measure of the human domination of the biosphere. We present a comprehensive assessment of global HANPP based on vegetation modeling, agricultural and forestry statistics, and geographical information systems data on land use, land cover, and soil degradation that localizes human impact on ecosystems…
Industrialization, Fossil Fuels, and the Transformation of Land Use: An Integrated Analysis of Carbon Flows in Austria 1830–2000
Human‐induced changes in global stocks and flows of carbon are major drivers of global climate change. This article presents a comprehensive and systemic account of a nation's carbon budget, comprising socioeconomic as well as ecological carbon flows in a historic time series. The example of Austria 1830–2000, for which excellent databases facilitate a comprehensive assessment, suggests that changes in socioeconomic metabolism during the agrarian…
Long term changes in social metabolism and land use in Czechoslovakia, 1830–2000: An energy transition under changing political regimes
Global patterns of socioeconomic biomass flows in the year 2000: A comprehensive assessment of supply, consumption and constraints
Growth in global materials use, GDP and population during the 20th century
Analyzing the global human appropriation of net primary production — processes, trajectories, implications. An introduction
Foreign trade and early industrialisation in the Habsburg Monarchy and the United Kingdom — Two extremes in comparison
The concept of socio-ecological transitions is used to analyse the quantitative importance of physical imports and exports for the Habsburg Empire and the United Kingdom in the 19th and early 20th centuries. For the Habsburg Empire, a new dataset of foreign trade and social metabolism is presented. For the United Kingdom, the analysis relies on previously published data. Foreign trade volumes increased in both countries in the long run. Total tra…
Schüler(innen) auf der Suche nach den Wurzeln unserer Umweltprobleme. Umwelthistorische Forschung in technischen Schulen als Beitrag zur Bildung für nachhaltige EntwicklungStudents in Search of the Ro…
We conducted research in environmental history with students from a technical secondary school. Some participants of the project Our Environment Has a History probably doubted the feasibility at the outset of this transdisciplinary project in 2008. After two years' work we discuss the challenges of the project, i.e., the role definitions and cultural differences in the conception of knowledge, research and learning between school and academia, an…
The Metabolic Transition in Japan: A Material Flow Account for the Period From 1878 to 2005
The notion of a (socio-) metabolic transition has been used to describe fundamental changes in socioeconomic energy and material use during industrialization. During the last century, Japan developed from a largely agrarian economy to one of the world's leading industrial nations. It is one of the few industrial countries that has experienced prolonged dematerialization and recently has adopted a rigorous resource policy. This article investigate…
Global socioeconomic carbon stocks in long-lived products 1900–2008
A better understanding of the global carbon cycle as well as of climate change mitigation options such as carbon sequestration requires the quantification of natural and socioeconomic stocks and flows of carbon. A so-far under-researched aspect of the global carbon budget is the accumulation of carbon in long-lived products such as buildings and furniture. We present a comprehensive assessment of global socioeconomic carbon stocks and the corresp…
Long-term trajectories of the human appropriation of net primary production: Lessons from six national case studies
India's biophysical economy, 1961–2008. Sustainability in a national and global context
India's economic growth in the last decade has raised several concerns in terms of its present and future resource demands for materials and energy. While per capita resource consumption is still extremely modest but on the rise, its sheer population qualifies India as a fast growing giant with material and energy throughput that is growing rapidly . If such national and local trends continue, the challenges for regional, national as well as glob…
Global human appropriation of net primary production doubled in the 20th century
Global increases in population, consumption, and gross domestic product raise concerns about the sustainability of the current and future use of natural resources. The human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) provides a useful measure of human intervention into the biosphere. The productive capacity of land is appropriated by harvesting or burning biomass and by converting natural ecosystems to managed lands with lower productivity. …
Feeding and cleaning the city: The role of the urban waterscape in provision and disposal in Vienna during the industrial transformation
This article presents an integrated socio-ecological perspective on the changing interrelations between Vienna’s “urban metabolism” and the river Danube during the industrial transformation in the nineteenth century. During this period of rapid urban population growth and industrial development, the amount of materials and energy used in the city as well as the corresponding outflows of wastes and emissions, that is, the size of urban metabolism,…
The global metabolic transition: Regional patterns and trends of global material flows, 1950–2010
Since the World War II, many economies have transitioned from an agrarian, biomass-based to an industrial, minerals-based metabolic regime. Since 1950, world population grew by factor 2.7 and global material consumption by factor 3.7-71 Gigatonnes per year in 2010. The expansion of the resource base required by human societies is associated with growing pressure on the environment and infringement on the habitats of other species. In order to ach…
Opening the black box of energy throughputs in farm systems: A decomposition analysis between the energy returns to external inputs, internal biomass reuses and total inputs consumed (the Vallès Count…
Exploring long-term trends in land use change and aboveground human appropriation of net primary production in nine European countries
Providing Food While Sustaining Soil Fertility in Two Pre-industrial Alpine Agroecosystems
Long-Term Trends in Global Material and Energy Use
Africa’s Land System Trajectories 1980–2005
A Forest Transition: Austrian Carbon Budgets 1830–2010
Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass
A comprehensive data-based assessment of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the US 1907–2012
The consistent and robust assessment of ecosystem carbon stocks remains central to developing and monitoring climate change mitigation strategies. Here, we investigate the dynamics of forest ecosystem carbon stocks in the conterminous United States between 1907 and 2012 at national and regional levels. We build upon timber volume records from historical forest inventories and use a modelling approach to include all relevant pools, e.g. soil carbo…
Hidden emissions of forest transitions: A socio-ecological reading of forest change
Achieving a global forest transition, that is, a shift from net deforestation to reforestation, is essential for climate change mitigation. However, both land-based climate change mitigation policy and research on forest transitions neglect key processes that relieve pressure from forests, but cause emissions elsewhere (‘hidden emissions’). Here, we identify three major causes of hidden emissions of forest transitions, that is, emissions from agr…
Toward sustainable and just forest recovery: Research gaps and potentials for knowledge integration
Economics (34 works) · Environmental Science (34 works) · Ecology (29 works) · Geography (27 works) · Natural resource economics (26 works) · Environmental Impact and Sustainability (22 works) · Biology (18 works) · Land use (16 works) · Agriculture (15 works) · Agroforestry (14 works)