Clifford Bob
Biographic Data
| ID | 256188 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Clifford Bob |
| GIVEN NAMES | Clifford |
| FAMILY NAME | Bob |
| SIGNATURE | BOB C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Duquesne University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 22 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 110 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 21 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 2 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1985 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2018 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
NGOs and their discontents
Re-Framing Exploitation Creep to Fight Human Trafficking
Janie Chuang discusses important shifts in the way that American policy makers and activists have defined and fought human trafficking. As she shows, key aspects of the 2000 UN Protocol’s definition of trafficking have been whiplashed by changing political winds emanating from the Bush and Obama administrations. In the Bush years, a strange bedfellows network of feminists, evangelicals, and neo-conservatives directed American trafficking policy p…
The Global Battle over Religious Expression
Restrictions on hate speech are typically seen as rooted in the histories, politics and legal processes of particular countries. Using the case of a recently enacted Swedish law protecting sexual minorities from contemptuous speech, this article shows that there is also an important if understudied transnational dimension. International gay activists, along with their Swedish counterparts, supported both the law and an important prosecution there…
Civil and Uncivil Society
The Global Right Wing and the Clash of World Politics
This book is an eye-opening account of transnational advocacy, not by environmental and rights groups, but by conservative activists. Mobilizing around diverse issues, these networks challenge progressive foes across borders and within institutions. In these globalized battles, opponents struggle as much to advance their own causes as to destroy their rivals. Deploying exclusionary strategies, negative tactics and dissuasive ideas, they aim both …
Strategy in Information and Influence Campaigns
Campaigns are ubiquitous features of today's world, shaping the way institutions act and people think. In them, communications strategies play a central role and take a huge variety of forms. Given
The International Struggle for New Human Rights
Advocacy Organizations and Collective Action
Advocacy organizations are viewed as actors motivated primarily by principled beliefs. This volume outlines a new agenda for the study of advocacy organizations, proposing a model of NGOs as collective actors that seek to fulfil normative concerns and instrumental incentives, face collective action problems, and compete as well as collaborate with other advocacy actors. The analogy of the firm is a useful way of studying advocacy actors because i…
The International Struggle for New Human Rights
Why are certain global problems recognized as human rights issues while others are not? This book highlights campaigns to persuade the human rights movement to move beyond traditional concerns and embrace pressing new ones. Its analytic framework and case studies reveal critical strategies and conflicts involved in the struggle for new rights
New Human Rights Issues. Understanding Their Contentious Rise
Why are certain problems recognized as human rights issues, while others are not? This article focuses on the political strategies through which marginalized groups transform long standing domestic grievances into internationally-recognized human rights claims. Highlighting the interacting roles of aggrieved local groups, powerful gatekeepers in international human rights organizations, and state and civil society opponents, the article develops …
"Dalit Rights are Human Rights"
This article analyzes recent efforts by India's Dalits (Untouchables) to transform centuries-old caste-based discrimination into an international human rights issue. Comparing early failures and later successes in international activism, the article demonstrates that the Dalits have achieved limited but important advances among transnational NGOs, international organizations, and foreign governments since the late 1990s. What explains these succe…
International Zapatismo
Kill a Leader, Murder a Movement? Leadership and Assassination in Social Movements
All too frequently, governments kill social movement leaders in an attempt to halt challenges to state power. Sometimes such repression yields its intended effect; other times it produces a powerful backlash, strengthening mass commitment and bolstering protest. In this article, the authors propose hypotheses accounting for these divergent outcomes. Comparing El Salvador's liberation movement with Nigeria's Ogoni autonomy movement, they hypothesi…
Transnational Activism
With Sidney Tarrow's new book, The New Transnational Activism, the study of transnational politics is reaching maturity. Previous work in this area has been either too broad or too narrow. At one extreme are sweeping pronouncements about globalization and its effects. Although these ideas often have great merit (for example, Rosenau 1997), they sometimes soar high above practical politics. At the other end, are detailed studies of one or another …
When Do Leaders Matter? Hypotheses on Leadership Dynamics in Social Movements
Leaders are central to social movements, yet scholars have devoted relatively little attention to understanding the concept of leadership or its effects on movements. In this article, we explore leadership's influence on movement dynamics by examining Nigeria's Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), the Catholic Left-inspired Plowshares movement, the Zapatista uprising in Chiapas, Mexico, and the liberation movement in El Salvador…
The Marketing of Rebellion
How do a few Third World political movements become global causes célèbres, while most remain isolated? This book rejects dominant views that needy groups readily gain help from selfless nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Instead, they face a Darwinian struggle for scarce resources where support goes to the savviest, not the neediest. Examining Mexico's Zapatista rebels and Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic group, the book draws critical conclusions abou…
Overcoming indifference
Why do international actors take an intense interest in a few local human rights problems, while remaining indifferent to many others? Structural features of the international system ease or impede responses to particular violations, but the strategies of human rights victims also play a major role in explaining the variation. This article analyses the concept of 'indifference' and examines factors contributing to victims' ability to overcome it.…
Marketing Morality
Merchants of Morality
How do a few Third World conflicts become international causes celebres, while most remain isolated and unknown? Why, for instance, has there been so much recent attention to the Darfur crisis - but so little to ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, despite vastly more casualties in the latter than in the former? This article, a brief, popularized version of my new book, The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and Internati…
Political Process Theory and Transnational Movements
Political process theory, developed through the analysis of national social movements, is now routinely applied to movements seeking transnational support. An examination of networking by Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic minority during the 1990s suggests the need for caution in this analytic expansion. Two factors neglected by process theory, leadership and political exchange, are crucial to explaining interactions between local and transnational actors. …
Marketing Rebellion
A Question and an Argument
The term paper is a standard requirement of undergraduate political science courses, yet for both students and faculty it is frequently unsatisfying. When teachers allow students to choose their own topics from the range of issues covered in a course, students often flounder for direction. Papers based on a professor's preselected questions suggest the need for a thesis but leave undergraduates uncertain about how to construct one. The result: pa…
The Return of Humpty-Dumpty
Words mean whatever I say they mean, Humpty-Dumpty rather grandly explained shortly before his accident. Similarly, statutes, perforce, mean whatever those who implement them say they mean
When Do Leaders Matter? Hypotheses on Leadership Dynamics in Social Movements
Leaders are central to social movements, yet scholars have devoted relatively little attention to understanding the concept of leadership or its effects on movements. In this article, we explore leadership's influence on movement dynamics by examining Nigeria's Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), the Catholic Left-inspired Plowshares movement, the Zapatista uprising in Chiapas, Mexico, and the liberation movement in El Salvador…
Marketing Rebellion
Merchants of Morality
How do a few Third World conflicts become international causes celebres, while most remain isolated and unknown? Why, for instance, has there been so much recent attention to the Darfur crisis - but so little to ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, despite vastly more casualties in the latter than in the former? This article, a brief, popularized version of my new book, The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and Internati…
Political Process Theory and Transnational Movements
Political process theory, developed through the analysis of national social movements, is now routinely applied to movements seeking transnational support. An examination of networking by Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic minority during the 1990s suggests the need for caution in this analytic expansion. Two factors neglected by process theory, leadership and political exchange, are crucial to explaining interactions between local and transnational actors. …
Kill a Leader, Murder a Movement? Leadership and Assassination in Social Movements
All too frequently, governments kill social movement leaders in an attempt to halt challenges to state power. Sometimes such repression yields its intended effect; other times it produces a powerful backlash, strengthening mass commitment and bolstering protest. In this article, the authors propose hypotheses accounting for these divergent outcomes. Comparing El Salvador's liberation movement with Nigeria's Ogoni autonomy movement, they hypothesi…
A Question and an Argument
The term paper is a standard requirement of undergraduate political science courses, yet for both students and faculty it is frequently unsatisfying. When teachers allow students to choose their own topics from the range of issues covered in a course, students often flounder for direction. Papers based on a professor's preselected questions suggest the need for a thesis but leave undergraduates uncertain about how to construct one. The result: pa…
The Global Battle over Religious Expression
Restrictions on hate speech are typically seen as rooted in the histories, politics and legal processes of particular countries. Using the case of a recently enacted Swedish law protecting sexual minorities from contemptuous speech, this article shows that there is also an important if understudied transnational dimension. International gay activists, along with their Swedish counterparts, supported both the law and an important prosecution there…
The Return of Humpty-Dumpty
Words mean whatever I say they mean, Humpty-Dumpty rather grandly explained shortly before his accident. Similarly, statutes, perforce, mean whatever those who implement them say they mean
Strategy in Information and Influence Campaigns
Campaigns are ubiquitous features of today's world, shaping the way institutions act and people think. In them, communications strategies play a central role and take a huge variety of forms. Given
New Human Rights Issues. Understanding Their Contentious Rise
Why are certain problems recognized as human rights issues, while others are not? This article focuses on the political strategies through which marginalized groups transform long standing domestic grievances into internationally-recognized human rights claims. Highlighting the interacting roles of aggrieved local groups, powerful gatekeepers in international human rights organizations, and state and civil society opponents, the article develops …
Overcoming indifference
Why do international actors take an intense interest in a few local human rights problems, while remaining indifferent to many others? Structural features of the international system ease or impede responses to particular violations, but the strategies of human rights victims also play a major role in explaining the variation. This article analyses the concept of 'indifference' and examines factors contributing to victims' ability to overcome it.…
The Return of Humpty-Dumpty
Words mean whatever I say they mean, Humpty-Dumpty rather grandly explained shortly before his accident. Similarly, statutes, perforce, mean whatever those who implement them say they mean
Marketing Rebellion
A Question and an Argument
The term paper is a standard requirement of undergraduate political science courses, yet for both students and faculty it is frequently unsatisfying. When teachers allow students to choose their own topics from the range of issues covered in a course, students often flounder for direction. Papers based on a professor's preselected questions suggest the need for a thesis but leave undergraduates uncertain about how to construct one. The result: pa…
Overcoming indifference
Why do international actors take an intense interest in a few local human rights problems, while remaining indifferent to many others? Structural features of the international system ease or impede responses to particular violations, but the strategies of human rights victims also play a major role in explaining the variation. This article analyses the concept of 'indifference' and examines factors contributing to victims' ability to overcome it.…
Marketing Morality
Merchants of Morality
How do a few Third World conflicts become international causes celebres, while most remain isolated and unknown? Why, for instance, has there been so much recent attention to the Darfur crisis - but so little to ongoing conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo, despite vastly more casualties in the latter than in the former? This article, a brief, popularized version of my new book, The Marketing of Rebellion: Insurgents, Media, and Internati…
Political Process Theory and Transnational Movements
Political process theory, developed through the analysis of national social movements, is now routinely applied to movements seeking transnational support. An examination of networking by Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic minority during the 1990s suggests the need for caution in this analytic expansion. Two factors neglected by process theory, leadership and political exchange, are crucial to explaining interactions between local and transnational actors. …
The Marketing of Rebellion
How do a few Third World political movements become global causes célèbres, while most remain isolated? This book rejects dominant views that needy groups readily gain help from selfless nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Instead, they face a Darwinian struggle for scarce resources where support goes to the savviest, not the neediest. Examining Mexico's Zapatista rebels and Nigeria's Ogoni ethnic group, the book draws critical conclusions abou…
Transnational Activism
With Sidney Tarrow's new book, The New Transnational Activism, the study of transnational politics is reaching maturity. Previous work in this area has been either too broad or too narrow. At one extreme are sweeping pronouncements about globalization and its effects. Although these ideas often have great merit (for example, Rosenau 1997), they sometimes soar high above practical politics. At the other end, are detailed studies of one or another …
When Do Leaders Matter? Hypotheses on Leadership Dynamics in Social Movements
Leaders are central to social movements, yet scholars have devoted relatively little attention to understanding the concept of leadership or its effects on movements. In this article, we explore leadership's influence on movement dynamics by examining Nigeria's Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), the Catholic Left-inspired Plowshares movement, the Zapatista uprising in Chiapas, Mexico, and the liberation movement in El Salvador…
"Dalit Rights are Human Rights"
This article analyzes recent efforts by India's Dalits (Untouchables) to transform centuries-old caste-based discrimination into an international human rights issue. Comparing early failures and later successes in international activism, the article demonstrates that the Dalits have achieved limited but important advances among transnational NGOs, international organizations, and foreign governments since the late 1990s. What explains these succe…
International Zapatismo
Kill a Leader, Murder a Movement? Leadership and Assassination in Social Movements
All too frequently, governments kill social movement leaders in an attempt to halt challenges to state power. Sometimes such repression yields its intended effect; other times it produces a powerful backlash, strengthening mass commitment and bolstering protest. In this article, the authors propose hypotheses accounting for these divergent outcomes. Comparing El Salvador's liberation movement with Nigeria's Ogoni autonomy movement, they hypothesi…
The International Struggle for New Human Rights
Why are certain global problems recognized as human rights issues while others are not? This book highlights campaigns to persuade the human rights movement to move beyond traditional concerns and embrace pressing new ones. Its analytic framework and case studies reveal critical strategies and conflicts involved in the struggle for new rights
New Human Rights Issues. Understanding Their Contentious Rise
Why are certain problems recognized as human rights issues, while others are not? This article focuses on the political strategies through which marginalized groups transform long standing domestic grievances into internationally-recognized human rights claims. Highlighting the interacting roles of aggrieved local groups, powerful gatekeepers in international human rights organizations, and state and civil society opponents, the article develops …
Advocacy Organizations and Collective Action
Advocacy organizations are viewed as actors motivated primarily by principled beliefs. This volume outlines a new agenda for the study of advocacy organizations, proposing a model of NGOs as collective actors that seek to fulfil normative concerns and instrumental incentives, face collective action problems, and compete as well as collaborate with other advocacy actors. The analogy of the firm is a useful way of studying advocacy actors because i…
The International Struggle for New Human Rights
Civil and Uncivil Society
The Global Right Wing and the Clash of World Politics
This book is an eye-opening account of transnational advocacy, not by environmental and rights groups, but by conservative activists. Mobilizing around diverse issues, these networks challenge progressive foes across borders and within institutions. In these globalized battles, opponents struggle as much to advance their own causes as to destroy their rivals. Deploying exclusionary strategies, negative tactics and dissuasive ideas, they aim both …
Strategy in Information and Influence Campaigns
Campaigns are ubiquitous features of today's world, shaping the way institutions act and people think. In them, communications strategies play a central role and take a huge variety of forms. Given
Re-Framing Exploitation Creep to Fight Human Trafficking
Janie Chuang discusses important shifts in the way that American policy makers and activists have defined and fought human trafficking. As she shows, key aspects of the 2000 UN Protocol’s definition of trafficking have been whiplashed by changing political winds emanating from the Bush and Obama administrations. In the Bush years, a strange bedfellows network of feminists, evangelicals, and neo-conservatives directed American trafficking policy p…
The Global Battle over Religious Expression
Restrictions on hate speech are typically seen as rooted in the histories, politics and legal processes of particular countries. Using the case of a recently enacted Swedish law protecting sexual minorities from contemptuous speech, this article shows that there is also an important if understudied transnational dimension. International gay activists, along with their Swedish counterparts, supported both the law and an important prosecution there…
NGOs and their discontents
Political science (21 works) · Law (19 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Politics (13 works) · Law (10 works) · Political economy (10 works) · Political Conflict and Governance (7 works) · Human rights (6 works) · Social movement (6 works) · Historical and Contemporary Political Dynamics (5 works)