Caroline Ratcliffe
Biographic Data
| ID | 256559 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Caroline Ratcliffe |
| GIVEN NAMES | Caroline |
| FAMILY NAME | Ratcliffe |
| SIGNATURE | RATCLIFFE C |
| AFFILIATIONS | Urban Institute |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 9 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 74 |
| WORKS AS AUTHOR | 9 |
| WORKS AS EDITOR | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2002 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2014 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Do Racial Disparities in Private Transfers Help Explain the Racial Wealth Gap? New Evidence From Longitudinal Data
How do private transfers differ by race and ethnicity, and do such differences explain the racial and ethnic disparity in wealth? Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study examines private transfers by race and ethnicity in the United States and explores a causal relationship between private transfers and wealth. Panel data and a family-level fixed-effect model are used to control for the endogeneity of private transfers. Private trans…
How Much Does the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Reduce Food Insecurity?
Nearly 15% of all U.S. households and 40% of near‐poor households were food insecure in 2009. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the cornerstone of federal food assistance programs and serves as the first line of defense against food‐related hardship. This paper measures the effectiveness of SNAP in reducing food insecurity using an instrumental variables approach to control for selection. Our results suggest that receipt of …
The effects of welfare and Individual Development Account (IDA) program rules on asset holdings
The dynamics of poverty in the United States
This paper reviews the literature on poverty dynamics in the U.S. It surveys the most prevalent data, theories, and methods used to answer three key questions: How likely are people to enter, exit, and reenter poverty? How long do people remain in poverty? And what events are associated with entering and exiting poverty? The paper then analyzes the combined findings of the literature, discussing overarching patterns of poverty dynamics, differenc…
Effects of Food Stamp and Tanf Policies on Food Stamp Receipt
This article uses data from the period between 1996 and 2003 to measure how the food stamp receipt of a low‐income population is affected by specific Food Stamp Program (FSP) policies, welfare policies, the minimum wage, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. It examines 27 specific program rules that are hypothesized to affect food stamp receipt. The results provide strong evidence that food stamp receipt increases with leniency of vehicle exemption …
Welfare Program Performance
Public agencies are increasingly expected to track their performance according to established criteria—to be held accountable for the expenditure of public funds and show that funds are being used to achieve intended outcomes. This analysis of South Carolina’s Family Independence welfare program examines counties’ performance on five employment-related outcomes: employment rate, employment entry rate, employment retention rate, earnings gain rate…
Events that Trigger Poverty Entries and Exits
Objective. This article examines how events—such as changes in household composition, employment status, disability status, and economic conditions—affect poverty entries and exits. We also examine whether the role these events play in poverty transitions differs in the pre‐ and post‐welfare‐reform periods. Methods. The analysis uses discrete‐time multivariate hazard models along with monthly, longitudinal data from the 1988, 1990, and 1996 panel…
The Economics of Work and Family
Kimmel and Hoffman present a set of topical, non-technical papers authored by nationally known experts in this field. Using an economic perspective, they confront work/family issues including child care (potentially the biggest obstacle to parents successfully integrating work and family priorities), how parents balance time between work and family obligations, links between women's childbearing and their economic outcomes, the success of the Fam…
Premarital Childbearing and Welfare Receipt
This study uses the 1968-91 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine the relationship between mothers' receipt of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) welfare benefits and their daughters' premarital childbearing and welfare receipt. The results for black females suggest that black daughters from welfare-recipient households were more likely to become adult welfare recipients than were black daughters from non-welfare-recipient …
Do Racial Disparities in Private Transfers Help Explain the Racial Wealth Gap? New Evidence From Longitudinal Data
How do private transfers differ by race and ethnicity, and do such differences explain the racial and ethnic disparity in wealth? Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study examines private transfers by race and ethnicity in the United States and explores a causal relationship between private transfers and wealth. Panel data and a family-level fixed-effect model are used to control for the endogeneity of private transfers. Private trans…
Events that Trigger Poverty Entries and Exits
Objective. This article examines how events—such as changes in household composition, employment status, disability status, and economic conditions—affect poverty entries and exits. We also examine whether the role these events play in poverty transitions differs in the pre‐ and post‐welfare‐reform periods. Methods. The analysis uses discrete‐time multivariate hazard models along with monthly, longitudinal data from the 1988, 1990, and 1996 panel…
Effects of Food Stamp and Tanf Policies on Food Stamp Receipt
This article uses data from the period between 1996 and 2003 to measure how the food stamp receipt of a low‐income population is affected by specific Food Stamp Program (FSP) policies, welfare policies, the minimum wage, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. It examines 27 specific program rules that are hypothesized to affect food stamp receipt. The results provide strong evidence that food stamp receipt increases with leniency of vehicle exemption …
The effects of welfare and Individual Development Account (IDA) program rules on asset holdings
Premarital Childbearing and Welfare Receipt
This study uses the 1968-91 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to examine the relationship between mothers' receipt of Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) welfare benefits and their daughters' premarital childbearing and welfare receipt. The results for black females suggest that black daughters from welfare-recipient households were more likely to become adult welfare recipients than were black daughters from non-welfare-recipient …
The Economics of Work and Family
Kimmel and Hoffman present a set of topical, non-technical papers authored by nationally known experts in this field. Using an economic perspective, they confront work/family issues including child care (potentially the biggest obstacle to parents successfully integrating work and family priorities), how parents balance time between work and family obligations, links between women's childbearing and their economic outcomes, the success of the Fam…
Events that Trigger Poverty Entries and Exits
Objective. This article examines how events—such as changes in household composition, employment status, disability status, and economic conditions—affect poverty entries and exits. We also examine whether the role these events play in poverty transitions differs in the pre‐ and post‐welfare‐reform periods. Methods. The analysis uses discrete‐time multivariate hazard models along with monthly, longitudinal data from the 1988, 1990, and 1996 panel…
Welfare Program Performance
Public agencies are increasingly expected to track their performance according to established criteria—to be held accountable for the expenditure of public funds and show that funds are being used to achieve intended outcomes. This analysis of South Carolina’s Family Independence welfare program examines counties’ performance on five employment-related outcomes: employment rate, employment entry rate, employment retention rate, earnings gain rate…
The dynamics of poverty in the United States
This paper reviews the literature on poverty dynamics in the U.S. It surveys the most prevalent data, theories, and methods used to answer three key questions: How likely are people to enter, exit, and reenter poverty? How long do people remain in poverty? And what events are associated with entering and exiting poverty? The paper then analyzes the combined findings of the literature, discussing overarching patterns of poverty dynamics, differenc…
Effects of Food Stamp and Tanf Policies on Food Stamp Receipt
This article uses data from the period between 1996 and 2003 to measure how the food stamp receipt of a low‐income population is affected by specific Food Stamp Program (FSP) policies, welfare policies, the minimum wage, and the Earned Income Tax Credit. It examines 27 specific program rules that are hypothesized to affect food stamp receipt. The results provide strong evidence that food stamp receipt increases with leniency of vehicle exemption …
The effects of welfare and Individual Development Account (IDA) program rules on asset holdings
How Much Does the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Reduce Food Insecurity?
Nearly 15% of all U.S. households and 40% of near‐poor households were food insecure in 2009. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the cornerstone of federal food assistance programs and serves as the first line of defense against food‐related hardship. This paper measures the effectiveness of SNAP in reducing food insecurity using an instrumental variables approach to control for selection. Our results suggest that receipt of …
Do Racial Disparities in Private Transfers Help Explain the Racial Wealth Gap? New Evidence From Longitudinal Data
How do private transfers differ by race and ethnicity, and do such differences explain the racial and ethnic disparity in wealth? Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, this study examines private transfers by race and ethnicity in the United States and explores a causal relationship between private transfers and wealth. Panel data and a family-level fixed-effect model are used to control for the endogeneity of private transfers. Private trans…
Economics (9 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (8 works) · Demographic economics (5 works) · Welfare (5 works) · Business (4 works) · Political science (4 works) · Psychology (4 works) · Sociology (4 works) · Economic growth (3 works) · Receipt (3 works)