Mary Riege Laner
Biographic Data
| ID | 257597 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mary Riege Laner |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mary Riege |
| FAMILY NAME | Laner |
| SIGNATURE | LANER M R |
| AFFILIATIONS | Arizona State University |
| VERIFIED | No |
| TOTAL WORKS | 32 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 277 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 32 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1976 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
A Rejoinder to Mark Cresswell
Trends in Military Influences on Army Recruitment: 1915-1953
The implementation of an all-volunteer force in 1974 sparked academic interest in U.S. Army recruiting. During the past three decades Moskos's (1977) Institution/ Occupation (I/O) thesis has dominated this literature. Moskos held that the U.S. Army was becoming less of an institution and more of an occupation. He warned about the danger of offering monetary incentives for enlistment which, he believed, threatened to transform a patriotic duty int…
Bystander Attitudes Toward Victims of Violence: Who's Worth Helping
Most studies examining bystanders' reactions to a violent attack have used an experimental or hypothetical situation involving a single victim. This study compares the intention to intervene on behalf of three hypothetical victims: a woman, a child, and a dog. Using a sample of over 700 college students, we found that there was not a significant difference in intention to intervene by type of victim. However, there was a significant interaction b…
The Effects of Sexual Assault on Sexual Attitudes
As a means of studying the effects of sexual assault on sexual attitudes, two categories of sexual attitude measures taken from the National Health and Social Life Surveys were analyzed. One category contains measures of the appeal of various sexual acts to women; the other assesses general sexual attitudes such as approval of premarital sex. We proposed that women who were sexually assaulted as children would have less traditional sexual attitud…
Dating Scripts Revisited
Using a method different from that of past studies, first-date scripts of heterosexual college students were reexamined. As expected, the new approach did not change the findings of earlier research. Despite egalitarian claims, the initial dating practices of students consistently appear to be primarily traditionalistic. Supporting the findings of past studies, the authors found that scripts for both sexes are well-known to both men and women, ma…
Sex' versus 'Gender: A Renewed Plea
Evidence from scholarly journals, texts, and other sources indicates that the terms 'sex' and 'gender' continue to be used incorrectly, despite earlier pleas to remedy this and related errors (e.g., the terms sex role, gender role, male/female). I advance the plea again, in the hope of reducing confusion and thereby improving scholarly communication with our students and one another
Egalitarian Daters/Traditionalist Dates
This study replicates and expands Rose and Frieze's (1989) research, which found that young adults' scripts for dating maintain the traditional dominant/subordinate relationship between the sexes. In a 1993 study, Rose and Frieze looked at actual, rather than hypothetical, dates and reported essentially the same finding. The authors used Rose and Frieze's 1989 design with a larger sample and found that although daters may claim to be egalitarian,…
Desired Characteristics of Spouses and Best Friends: Do They Differ by Sex and/or Gender
In view of the salutary effects that having one's spouse as one's best friend are said to impart (G. R. Lee 1988; Schwartz 1994), we investigated the relationship between desired characteristics of a best friend and of a spouse. Consistent with earlier scholarship in this area, we found that desired characteristics overlap considerably for those two roles. We also found that men's and women's selection of characteristics are highly similar and th…
Growing Older Female: Heterosexual and Homosexual
An analysis of the age-related content of "Personals" ads placed by heterosexual and homosexual women was undertaken to test hypotheses derived from theoretical notions about differences and similarities between lesbian and nonlesbian aging. No support was found for a hypothesized overrepresentation of older advertisers of either sexual orientation. Contrary to popular notions, lesbians were not found to be seeking young partners. However, age di…
Marital Expectations and Level of Premarital Involvement: Does Marriage Education Make a Difference
Les AA. etudient les attentes concernant le mariage exprimees par 231 jeunes etudiants non maries, la relation entre ces attentes et la nature de la relation de couple qu'ils entretiennent, ceci avant et apres leur participation a un cours centre sur les problemes matrimoniaux. Contrairement aux hypotheses emises par les AA., ce cours n'a pas influe sur les fortes attentes concernant le mariage, il n'a pas eu d'effet differencie suivant la nature…
Course Content and Change in Students: Are Marital Expectations Altered by Marriage Education
Les AA. examinent si le fait d'aborder des questions de vie maritale, de mariage et de vie familiale diminue, de maniere realiste ou non, les attentes et les esperances dans ce domaine des etudiants qui ne sont pas maries. Ils montrent qu'il existe une influence mineure, et seulement parmi les etudiantes. Les attentes des jeunes adultes non maries en ce qui concerne le mariage apparaissent en fait plus importantes que celles des personnes mariees…
Violence or its precipitators: Which is more likely to be identified as a dating problem?∗
Persons who have perpetrated and/or been victims of courtship violence may not label this activity as violence. However, jealousy, verbal fighting, and problems regarding sexual access are commonly identified as precipitators of violence, and may be considered risk markers. This study of dating problems ("discontents" and "dilemmas") in samples of high school and college students reveals very low rates of voluntary mention of violent activity in …
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from men
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from women
Competitive vs. noncompetitive styles: Which is most valued in courtship
How the sexes perceive each other: Advantages and disadvantages
Problems and Prospects for Social Problem Texts
Unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activities in courtship: A comparison of Mormon and nonMormon college students
Utilizing hypotheses derived from functionalist, conflict, social control, exchange, and differential association theories by Tittle and Welch (1983), a test of the religion/conformity nexus was effected by examining reported unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activity in the courtship experiences of Mormon and nonMormon college student samples. Results were opposite to those reported by Tittle and Welch, who used a different methodological appr…
Courtship abuse and aggression: Contextual aspects
On the basis of previously unreported findings from Laner and Thompson's (1982) study of courtship violence, hypotheses derived from the literature on marriage, family, and spousal violence have been tested and compared with findings of two other recently published studies (Cate et al., 1982; Makepeace, 1981). Contextual aspects studied involve (1) alcohol and drug use in conjunction with violent premarital encounters; (2) the perceived mutuality…
Abuse and aggression in courting couples
Challenging Gelles' (1972) assertion that violence between intimates is likely to occur only within a family context, more than 60% of a sample of 371 single respondents reported having experienced abusive or aggressive behaviors or having inflicted them during courtship. Theoretical considerations and empirical consistencies derived from the marital violence literature supported hypothesized relationships between more serious courting relationsh…
The Madam as Entrepreneur: Career Management in House Prostitution
Sexual Preference or Personal Style: Why Lesbians are Disliked
MacDonald and Games (1974) have argued that homosexual men and women are disliked because they are thought to display inappropriate gender-related mannerism (either "butch" or "Femme"). Storms (1978) argued that sex-object choice, not personal style, is the basis of dislike. Laner and Lander (1979) have presented evident that both dimensions-sexual preference and personal style-are implicated in dislike of homosexual men. The present study replic…
Sexual Permissiveness in Younger and Older Adults
Sex and the Single Check: The Patron/Server Relationship
An exploratory participant-observation study of check-placement behaviors of waitresses and waiters revealed that norms of egalitarianism do not guide presentation of meal tabs. “Executive women” with male “guests” were only infrequently treated as hosts, in terms of check presentation. Older males dining with female hosts were more often given the tab than were younger males; younger servers tended to consider the man responsible for the check m…
On the stability of stigmatization: The case of ex-homosexual males
Abuse and aggression in courting couples
Challenging Gelles' (1972) assertion that violence between intimates is likely to occur only within a family context, more than 60% of a sample of 371 single respondents reported having experienced abusive or aggressive behaviors or having inflicted them during courtship. Theoretical considerations and empirical consistencies derived from the marital violence literature supported hypothesized relationships between more serious courting relationsh…
Sexual Preference or Personal Style: Why Lesbians are Disliked
MacDonald and Games (1974) have argued that homosexual men and women are disliked because they are thought to display inappropriate gender-related mannerism (either "butch" or "Femme"). Storms (1978) argued that sex-object choice, not personal style, is the basis of dislike. Laner and Lander (1979) have presented evident that both dimensions-sexual preference and personal style-are implicated in dislike of homosexual men. The present study replic…
Media Mating I: Newspaper "Personals" Ads of Homosexual Men
Based on a design used in previous research with heterosexuals "Personals" advertisements, this study reports a content analysis of 359 ads placed by male homosexuals. Following exchange theory, it was hypothesized that, as with heterosexuals, a favorable presentation of self would characterize the advertisements. Further hypotheses predicted that homosexual ads would be more frank than are heterosexual ads and more specific about goals for desir…
Dating Scripts Revisited
Using a method different from that of past studies, first-date scripts of heterosexual college students were reexamined. As expected, the new approach did not change the findings of earlier research. Despite egalitarian claims, the initial dating practices of students consistently appear to be primarily traditionalistic. Supporting the findings of past studies, the authors found that scripts for both sexes are well-known to both men and women, ma…
Bystander Attitudes Toward Victims of Violence: Who's Worth Helping
Most studies examining bystanders' reactions to a violent attack have used an experimental or hypothetical situation involving a single victim. This study compares the intention to intervene on behalf of three hypothetical victims: a woman, a child, and a dog. Using a sample of over 700 college students, we found that there was not a significant difference in intention to intervene by type of victim. However, there was a significant interaction b…
Media Mating Ii: Personals” Advertisements of Lesbian Women
Based on a design adapted from previous content analyses of the "Personals" advertisements of heterosexual men and women and of homosexual men, advertisements for lesbian partners were studied in the light of predictions derived from exchange theory and from the findings of other studies of lesbianism. Lesbians' advertisements, as hypothesized, were found to emphasize positive characteristics and to de-emphasize the negative; to be more like thos…
Courtship abuse and aggression: Contextual aspects
On the basis of previously unreported findings from Laner and Thompson's (1982) study of courtship violence, hypotheses derived from the literature on marriage, family, and spousal violence have been tested and compared with findings of two other recently published studies (Cate et al., 1982; Makepeace, 1981). Contextual aspects studied involve (1) alcohol and drug use in conjunction with violent premarital encounters; (2) the perceived mutuality…
Egalitarian Daters/Traditionalist Dates
This study replicates and expands Rose and Frieze's (1989) research, which found that young adults' scripts for dating maintain the traditional dominant/subordinate relationship between the sexes. In a 1993 study, Rose and Frieze looked at actual, rather than hypothetical, dates and reported essentially the same finding. The authors used Rose and Frieze's 1989 design with a larger sample and found that although daters may claim to be egalitarian,…
Growing Older Male: Heterosexual and Homosexual
Analysis of age-related materials in the “personals” advertisements of hetero- and homosexual men was undertaken to test theoretical notions regarding differences between these groups in terms of accelerated aging (in homosexual men) and a special preference for young partners (among homosexual men). These stereotypic notions were not supported. The findings of this study, while limited to non-reactive data (newspaper advertisements), lend affirm…
Permanent Partner Priorities: Gay and Straight
Based on a design used in previous research with heterosexuals, this study assessed the permanent partner priorities of gay and straight men and women, as well as the perception of those priorities by each gender and sexual orientation. Heterosexuals and homosexuals did not differ in their rank-ordered priorities, but tended to misperceive the priorities of their own and the other groups studied. Differentials of misperception were explained by v…
Growing Older Female: Heterosexual and Homosexual
An analysis of the age-related content of "Personals" ads placed by heterosexual and homosexual women was undertaken to test hypotheses derived from theoretical notions about differences and similarities between lesbian and nonlesbian aging. No support was found for a hypothesized overrepresentation of older advertisers of either sexual orientation. Contrary to popular notions, lesbians were not found to be seeking young partners. However, age di…
Unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activities in courtship: A comparison of Mormon and nonMormon college students
Utilizing hypotheses derived from functionalist, conflict, social control, exchange, and differential association theories by Tittle and Welch (1983), a test of the religion/conformity nexus was effected by examining reported unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activity in the courtship experiences of Mormon and nonMormon college student samples. Results were opposite to those reported by Tittle and Welch, who used a different methodological appr…
Sex' versus 'Gender: A Renewed Plea
Evidence from scholarly journals, texts, and other sources indicates that the terms 'sex' and 'gender' continue to be used incorrectly, despite earlier pleas to remedy this and related errors (e.g., the terms sex role, gender role, male/female). I advance the plea again, in the hope of reducing confusion and thereby improving scholarly communication with our students and one another
Violence or its precipitators: Which is more likely to be identified as a dating problem?∗
Persons who have perpetrated and/or been victims of courtship violence may not label this activity as violence. However, jealousy, verbal fighting, and problems regarding sexual access are commonly identified as precipitators of violence, and may be considered risk markers. This study of dating problems ("discontents" and "dilemmas") in samples of high school and college students reveals very low rates of voluntary mention of violent activity in …
Permissive attitudes toward sexual behaviors: A clarification of theoretical explanations
Theory and research regarding permissive or nonpermissive attitudes toward sexual behaviors have contained apparent contradictions: Those maintaining that men and women differ in permissiveness rely on differential socialization theory; those maintaining that men and women share a common level of permissiveness suggest new cohort‐wide values as the explanation; and, discounting male/female differences, permissiveness has been held to vary by degr…
A Rejoinder to Mark Cresswell
Trends in Military Influences on Army Recruitment: 1915-1953
The implementation of an all-volunteer force in 1974 sparked academic interest in U.S. Army recruiting. During the past three decades Moskos's (1977) Institution/ Occupation (I/O) thesis has dominated this literature. Moskos held that the U.S. Army was becoming less of an institution and more of an occupation. He warned about the danger of offering monetary incentives for enlistment which, he believed, threatened to transform a patriotic duty int…
Course Content and Change in Students: Are Marital Expectations Altered by Marriage Education
Les AA. examinent si le fait d'aborder des questions de vie maritale, de mariage et de vie familiale diminue, de maniere realiste ou non, les attentes et les esperances dans ce domaine des etudiants qui ne sont pas maries. Ils montrent qu'il existe une influence mineure, et seulement parmi les etudiantes. Les attentes des jeunes adultes non maries en ce qui concerne le mariage apparaissent en fait plus importantes que celles des personnes mariees…
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from men
On the stability of stigmatization: The case of ex-homosexual males
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from women
Competitive vs. noncompetitive styles: Which is most valued in courtship
Sexual Permissiveness in Younger and Older Adults
The Medical Model, Mental Illness, and Metaphoric Mystification among Marriage and Family Counselors
The Effects of Sexual Assault on Sexual Attitudes
As a means of studying the effects of sexual assault on sexual attitudes, two categories of sexual attitude measures taken from the National Health and Social Life Surveys were analyzed. One category contains measures of the appeal of various sexual acts to women; the other assesses general sexual attitudes such as approval of premarital sex. We proposed that women who were sexually assaulted as children would have less traditional sexual attitud…
The Medical Model, Mental Illness, and Metaphoric Mystification among Marriage and Family Counselors
Permanent Partner Priorities: Gay and Straight
Based on a design used in previous research with heterosexuals, this study assessed the permanent partner priorities of gay and straight men and women, as well as the perception of those priorities by each gender and sexual orientation. Heterosexuals and homosexuals did not differ in their rank-ordered priorities, but tended to misperceive the priorities of their own and the other groups studied. Differentials of misperception were explained by v…
Permissive attitudes toward sexual behaviors: A clarification of theoretical explanations
Theory and research regarding permissive or nonpermissive attitudes toward sexual behaviors have contained apparent contradictions: Those maintaining that men and women differ in permissiveness rely on differential socialization theory; those maintaining that men and women share a common level of permissiveness suggest new cohort‐wide values as the explanation; and, discounting male/female differences, permissiveness has been held to vary by degr…
Growing Older Male: Heterosexual and Homosexual
Analysis of age-related materials in the “personals” advertisements of hetero- and homosexual men was undertaken to test theoretical notions regarding differences between these groups in terms of accelerated aging (in homosexual men) and a special preference for young partners (among homosexual men). These stereotypic notions were not supported. The findings of this study, while limited to non-reactive data (newspaper advertisements), lend affirm…
Media Mating Ii: Personals” Advertisements of Lesbian Women
Based on a design adapted from previous content analyses of the "Personals" advertisements of heterosexual men and women and of homosexual men, advertisements for lesbian partners were studied in the light of predictions derived from exchange theory and from the findings of other studies of lesbianism. Lesbians' advertisements, as hypothesized, were found to emphasize positive characteristics and to de-emphasize the negative; to be more like thos…
Media Mating I: Newspaper "Personals" Ads of Homosexual Men
Based on a design used in previous research with heterosexuals "Personals" advertisements, this study reports a content analysis of 359 ads placed by male homosexuals. Following exchange theory, it was hypothesized that, as with heterosexuals, a favorable presentation of self would characterize the advertisements. Further hypotheses predicted that homosexual ads would be more frank than are heterosexual ads and more specific about goals for desir…
Sex and the Single Check: The Patron/Server Relationship
An exploratory participant-observation study of check-placement behaviors of waitresses and waiters revealed that norms of egalitarianism do not guide presentation of meal tabs. “Executive women” with male “guests” were only infrequently treated as hosts, in terms of check presentation. Older males dining with female hosts were more often given the tab than were younger males; younger servers tended to consider the man responsible for the check m…
On the stability of stigmatization: The case of ex-homosexual males
Growing Older Female: Heterosexual and Homosexual
An analysis of the age-related content of "Personals" ads placed by heterosexual and homosexual women was undertaken to test hypotheses derived from theoretical notions about differences and similarities between lesbian and nonlesbian aging. No support was found for a hypothesized overrepresentation of older advertisers of either sexual orientation. Contrary to popular notions, lesbians were not found to be seeking young partners. However, age di…
Sexual Preference or Personal Style: Why Lesbians are Disliked
MacDonald and Games (1974) have argued that homosexual men and women are disliked because they are thought to display inappropriate gender-related mannerism (either "butch" or "Femme"). Storms (1978) argued that sex-object choice, not personal style, is the basis of dislike. Laner and Lander (1979) have presented evident that both dimensions-sexual preference and personal style-are implicated in dislike of homosexual men. The present study replic…
Sexual Permissiveness in Younger and Older Adults
The Madam as Entrepreneur: Career Management in House Prostitution
Abuse and aggression in courting couples
Challenging Gelles' (1972) assertion that violence between intimates is likely to occur only within a family context, more than 60% of a sample of 371 single respondents reported having experienced abusive or aggressive behaviors or having inflicted them during courtship. Theoretical considerations and empirical consistencies derived from the marital violence literature supported hypothesized relationships between more serious courting relationsh…
Courtship abuse and aggression: Contextual aspects
On the basis of previously unreported findings from Laner and Thompson's (1982) study of courtship violence, hypotheses derived from the literature on marriage, family, and spousal violence have been tested and compared with findings of two other recently published studies (Cate et al., 1982; Makepeace, 1981). Contextual aspects studied involve (1) alcohol and drug use in conjunction with violent premarital encounters; (2) the perceived mutuality…
Problems and Prospects for Social Problem Texts
Unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activities in courtship: A comparison of Mormon and nonMormon college students
Utilizing hypotheses derived from functionalist, conflict, social control, exchange, and differential association theories by Tittle and Welch (1983), a test of the religion/conformity nexus was effected by examining reported unpleasant, aggressive, and abusive activity in the courtship experiences of Mormon and nonMormon college student samples. Results were opposite to those reported by Tittle and Welch, who used a different methodological appr…
How the sexes perceive each other: Advantages and disadvantages
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from men
Competition and combativeness in courtship: Reports from women
Competitive vs. noncompetitive styles: Which is most valued in courtship
Violence or its precipitators: Which is more likely to be identified as a dating problem?∗
Persons who have perpetrated and/or been victims of courtship violence may not label this activity as violence. However, jealousy, verbal fighting, and problems regarding sexual access are commonly identified as precipitators of violence, and may be considered risk markers. This study of dating problems ("discontents" and "dilemmas") in samples of high school and college students reveals very low rates of voluntary mention of violent activity in …
Course Content and Change in Students: Are Marital Expectations Altered by Marriage Education
Les AA. examinent si le fait d'aborder des questions de vie maritale, de mariage et de vie familiale diminue, de maniere realiste ou non, les attentes et les esperances dans ce domaine des etudiants qui ne sont pas maries. Ils montrent qu'il existe une influence mineure, et seulement parmi les etudiantes. Les attentes des jeunes adultes non maries en ce qui concerne le mariage apparaissent en fait plus importantes que celles des personnes mariees…
Marital Expectations and Level of Premarital Involvement: Does Marriage Education Make a Difference
Les AA. etudient les attentes concernant le mariage exprimees par 231 jeunes etudiants non maries, la relation entre ces attentes et la nature de la relation de couple qu'ils entretiennent, ceci avant et apres leur participation a un cours centre sur les problemes matrimoniaux. Contrairement aux hypotheses emises par les AA., ce cours n'a pas influe sur les fortes attentes concernant le mariage, il n'a pas eu d'effet differencie suivant la nature…
Growing Older Female: Heterosexual and Homosexual
An analysis of the age-related content of "Personals" ads placed by heterosexual and homosexual women was undertaken to test hypotheses derived from theoretical notions about differences and similarities between lesbian and nonlesbian aging. No support was found for a hypothesized overrepresentation of older advertisers of either sexual orientation. Contrary to popular notions, lesbians were not found to be seeking young partners. However, age di…
Egalitarian Daters/Traditionalist Dates
This study replicates and expands Rose and Frieze's (1989) research, which found that young adults' scripts for dating maintain the traditional dominant/subordinate relationship between the sexes. In a 1993 study, Rose and Frieze looked at actual, rather than hypothetical, dates and reported essentially the same finding. The authors used Rose and Frieze's 1989 design with a larger sample and found that although daters may claim to be egalitarian,…
Psychology (28 works) · Social Psychology (23 works) · Social Psychology (19 works) · Developmental psychology (16 works) · Sociology (13 works) · Medicine (11 works) · Marriage and Sexual Relationships (10 works) · Courtship (9 works) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (7 works) · Psychoanalysis (7 works)