Thomas A Mroz
Biographic Data
| ID | 265554 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Thomas A Mroz |
| GIVEN NAMES | Thomas A |
| FAMILY NAME | Mroz |
| SIGNATURE | MROZ T A |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6610-0616 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 24 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 227 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1987 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2023 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
Unobserved Inputs in Household Production
Most household production studies ignore unobserved inputs. Without additional assumptions, however, estimated impacts of the observed inputs cannot provide informative estimates of marginal products because of contaminating variations in unobserved inputs. Not even the signs of marginal impacts can be ascertained. One can establish the direction of these biases and significantly reduce them by including detailed information about nonproductive (…
Students choosing fat-free chocolate milk during school lunch consume more calories, total sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins at lunch
Objective: To examine how milk consumption varies by milk choice and measure the association of milk choice on the nutritional and energetic content of National School Lunch Program (NSLP) lunches. Design: An observational plate waste study using the Digital Photography of Foods Method. Setting: Data were collected from two suburban South Carolina schools in one district during February and March 2013. Participants: Totally, 968 NSLP lunches sele…
Diagnosing Sample-Selection Bias in Historical Heights
Our 2017 article in this Journal stresses the pitfalls of using choice-based samples in economic history. A prominent example is the literature addressing the so-called antebellum puzzle. Heights researchers claim that Americans grew shorter in the first half of the nineteenth century, a period of robust economic growth. We argue that this result relies on choice-based samples. Without knowing the process that led to inclusion in the sample, rese…
Selection and consumption of lunches by National School Lunch Program participants
Sample-Selection Biases and the Industrialization Puzzle
Understanding long-term changes in human well-being is central to understanding the consequences of economic development. An extensive anthropometric literature purports to show that heights in the United States declined between the 1830s and the 1890s, which is when the U.S. economy modernized. Most anthropometric research contends that declining heights reflect the negative health consequences of industrialization and urbanization. This interpr…
The declining prevalence of overweight among Russian children
Impact of Oportunidades on Skilled Attendance at Delivery in Rural Areas
Oportunidades (formerly PROGRESA) is a conditional cash transfer program ran by the Mexican federal government designed to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Among other activities, it provides free delivery attendance for women enrolled in the program. Skilled attendance at delivery has been identified as an effective strategy to reduce maternal mortality, an important health problem in Mexico. In this paper we assess the impact of Op…
Arbitrarily Normalized Coefficients, Information Sets, and False Reports of “Biases” in Binary Outcome Models
Empirical researchers sometimes misinterpret how additional regressors, heterogeneity corrections, and multilevel factors impact the interpretation of the estimated parameters in binary outcome models such as logit and probit. This can result in incorrect inferences about the importance of incorporating such features in these nonlinear statistical models. Some reports of biases in binary outcome models appear related to the arbitrary variance nor…
Parental compensatory behaviors and early child health outcomes in Cebu, Philippines
The determinants of fertility in rural Peru
The Impact of Community-Level Variables on Individual-Level Outcomes
The authors study alternative estimators of the impacts of higher level variables in multilevel models. This is important since many of the important variables in social science research are higher level factors having impacts on many lower level outcomes such as school achievement and contraceptive use. While the large sample properties of alternative estimators for these models are well known, there is little evidence about the relative perform…
The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia
Numerous studies indicate that female education is a major determinant of fertility and that the estimated effects are large relative to other variables, including family planning program variables. There are, however, two serious deficiencies in the research relating educational attainment to fertility that could give rise to invalid inferences. First, many public programs, including health and family planning programs, may influence a woman’s d…
The gender gap in wages in Russia from 1992 to 1995
Structural Change in the Impact of Income on Food Consumption in China, 1989-1993
The Effects of Maternal–child Health Service Utilization on Subsequent Contraceptive Use in Morocco
There are a number of reasons for anticipating that contact by women in developing country settings with modern maternal–child health (MCH) services will lead to increased use of family planning services. Indeed, the expectation of such a relationship underlies the integrated service delivery strategy that has been adopted on a more or less global basis. However, the available empirical evidence in support of this proposition is inconclusive. Thi…
Quality, accessibility, and contraceptive use in rural tanzania
We examine how informants’reports on community perceptions of the quality and accessibility offamily planningfacilities relate to the use of modern contraceptives by individuals in rural Tanzania. Using information on individual-level contraceptive use in conjunction with community-level information on the accessibility and quality of family planning facilities, we employ two distinct statistical procedures to illustrate the impacts of accessibil…
Monitoring the economic transition in the Russian Federation and its implications for the demographic crisis — the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey
Binary Outcomes and Endogenous Explanatory Variables
Many demographic studies examine discrete outcomes, and researchers often suspect that some of the explanatory variables may be influenced by the same unobserved factors that determine the discrete outcome under examination. In linear models, the standard solution to this potential endogeneity bias is an estimator such as two-stage least squares. These methods have been extended to models with limited dependent variables, but there is little info…
Poverty and the Economic Transition in the Russian Federation
Structural Change in Life Cycle Fertility During the Fertility Transition
This paper explores the hypothesis that the fertility transition in France entailed a structural change in behaviour from natural to controlled fertility. We define the hypothesis in terms of an empirically estimable model of lifetime fertility. The model produces separate estimates of the three main proximate determinants: the hazard rate of conception for ovulating women, the timing of ovulation resumption after a birth, and permanent sterility…
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural French villagers, 1749–1789
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural french villagers, 1749–1789
Cohort parity analysis
Cohort parity analysis (CPA) is a method for indirect measurement of the extent and timing of the adoption of fertility control within marriage. It uses information on the parity distribution of a cohort of women of specified marriage ages and durations. A multinomial model of parity provides a convenient framework for the computation of distributional parameters describing the extent to which marital fertility control has been accepted and chara…
The Sensitivity of an Empirical Model of Married Women's Hours of Work to Economic and Statistical Assumptions
This study undertakes a systematic analysis of several theoretic and statistical assumption s used in many empirical models of female labor supply. Using a singl e data set (PSID 1975 labor supply data) the author is able to replic ate most of the range of estimated income and substitution effects fo und in previous studies in this field. He undertakes extensive specif ication tests and finds that most of this range should be rejected du e to sta…
Binary Outcomes and Endogenous Explanatory Variables
Many demographic studies examine discrete outcomes, and researchers often suspect that some of the explanatory variables may be influenced by the same unobserved factors that determine the discrete outcome under examination. In linear models, the standard solution to this potential endogeneity bias is an estimator such as two-stage least squares. These methods have been extended to models with limited dependent variables, but there is little info…
Sample-Selection Biases and the Industrialization Puzzle
Understanding long-term changes in human well-being is central to understanding the consequences of economic development. An extensive anthropometric literature purports to show that heights in the United States declined between the 1830s and the 1890s, which is when the U.S. economy modernized. Most anthropometric research contends that declining heights reflect the negative health consequences of industrialization and urbanization. This interpr…
Cohort parity analysis
Cohort parity analysis (CPA) is a method for indirect measurement of the extent and timing of the adoption of fertility control within marriage. It uses information on the parity distribution of a cohort of women of specified marriage ages and durations. A multinomial model of parity provides a convenient framework for the computation of distributional parameters describing the extent to which marital fertility control has been accepted and chara…
The Impact of Community-Level Variables on Individual-Level Outcomes
The authors study alternative estimators of the impacts of higher level variables in multilevel models. This is important since many of the important variables in social science research are higher level factors having impacts on many lower level outcomes such as school achievement and contraceptive use. While the large sample properties of alternative estimators for these models are well known, there is little evidence about the relative perform…
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural French villagers, 1749–1789
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural french villagers, 1749–1789
The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia
Numerous studies indicate that female education is a major determinant of fertility and that the estimated effects are large relative to other variables, including family planning program variables. There are, however, two serious deficiencies in the research relating educational attainment to fertility that could give rise to invalid inferences. First, many public programs, including health and family planning programs, may influence a woman’s d…
Poverty and the Economic Transition in the Russian Federation
The determinants of fertility in rural Peru
Quality, accessibility, and contraceptive use in rural tanzania
We examine how informants’reports on community perceptions of the quality and accessibility offamily planningfacilities relate to the use of modern contraceptives by individuals in rural Tanzania. Using information on individual-level contraceptive use in conjunction with community-level information on the accessibility and quality of family planning facilities, we employ two distinct statistical procedures to illustrate the impacts of accessibil…
Structural Change in Life Cycle Fertility During the Fertility Transition
This paper explores the hypothesis that the fertility transition in France entailed a structural change in behaviour from natural to controlled fertility. We define the hypothesis in terms of an empirically estimable model of lifetime fertility. The model produces separate estimates of the three main proximate determinants: the hazard rate of conception for ovulating women, the timing of ovulation resumption after a birth, and permanent sterility…
The gender gap in wages in Russia from 1992 to 1995
Monitoring the economic transition in the Russian Federation and its implications for the demographic crisis — the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey
Diagnosing Sample-Selection Bias in Historical Heights
Our 2017 article in this Journal stresses the pitfalls of using choice-based samples in economic history. A prominent example is the literature addressing the so-called antebellum puzzle. Heights researchers claim that Americans grew shorter in the first half of the nineteenth century, a period of robust economic growth. We argue that this result relies on choice-based samples. Without knowing the process that led to inclusion in the sample, rese…
Structural Change in the Impact of Income on Food Consumption in China, 1989-1993
Parental compensatory behaviors and early child health outcomes in Cebu, Philippines
Impact of Oportunidades on Skilled Attendance at Delivery in Rural Areas
Oportunidades (formerly PROGRESA) is a conditional cash transfer program ran by the Mexican federal government designed to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Among other activities, it provides free delivery attendance for women enrolled in the program. Skilled attendance at delivery has been identified as an effective strategy to reduce maternal mortality, an important health problem in Mexico. In this paper we assess the impact of Op…
The Sensitivity of an Empirical Model of Married Women's Hours of Work to Economic and Statistical Assumptions
This study undertakes a systematic analysis of several theoretic and statistical assumption s used in many empirical models of female labor supply. Using a singl e data set (PSID 1975 labor supply data) the author is able to replic ate most of the range of estimated income and substitution effects fo und in previous studies in this field. He undertakes extensive specif ication tests and finds that most of this range should be rejected du e to sta…
Cohort parity analysis
Cohort parity analysis (CPA) is a method for indirect measurement of the extent and timing of the adoption of fertility control within marriage. It uses information on the parity distribution of a cohort of women of specified marriage ages and durations. A multinomial model of parity provides a convenient framework for the computation of distributional parameters describing the extent to which marital fertility control has been accepted and chara…
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural French villagers, 1749–1789
Evidence of fertility regulation among rural french villagers, 1749–1789
Structural Change in Life Cycle Fertility During the Fertility Transition
This paper explores the hypothesis that the fertility transition in France entailed a structural change in behaviour from natural to controlled fertility. We define the hypothesis in terms of an empirically estimable model of lifetime fertility. The model produces separate estimates of the three main proximate determinants: the hazard rate of conception for ovulating women, the timing of ovulation resumption after a birth, and permanent sterility…
Binary Outcomes and Endogenous Explanatory Variables
Many demographic studies examine discrete outcomes, and researchers often suspect that some of the explanatory variables may be influenced by the same unobserved factors that determine the discrete outcome under examination. In linear models, the standard solution to this potential endogeneity bias is an estimator such as two-stage least squares. These methods have been extended to models with limited dependent variables, but there is little info…
Poverty and the Economic Transition in the Russian Federation
Monitoring the economic transition in the Russian Federation and its implications for the demographic crisis — the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey
The Effects of Maternal–child Health Service Utilization on Subsequent Contraceptive Use in Morocco
There are a number of reasons for anticipating that contact by women in developing country settings with modern maternal–child health (MCH) services will lead to increased use of family planning services. Indeed, the expectation of such a relationship underlies the integrated service delivery strategy that has been adopted on a more or less global basis. However, the available empirical evidence in support of this proposition is inconclusive. Thi…
Quality, accessibility, and contraceptive use in rural tanzania
We examine how informants’reports on community perceptions of the quality and accessibility offamily planningfacilities relate to the use of modern contraceptives by individuals in rural Tanzania. Using information on individual-level contraceptive use in conjunction with community-level information on the accessibility and quality of family planning facilities, we employ two distinct statistical procedures to illustrate the impacts of accessibil…
The gender gap in wages in Russia from 1992 to 1995
Structural Change in the Impact of Income on Food Consumption in China, 1989-1993
The determinants of fertility in rural Peru
The Impact of Community-Level Variables on Individual-Level Outcomes
The authors study alternative estimators of the impacts of higher level variables in multilevel models. This is important since many of the important variables in social science research are higher level factors having impacts on many lower level outcomes such as school achievement and contraceptive use. While the large sample properties of alternative estimators for these models are well known, there is little evidence about the relative perform…
The Effects of Education and Family Planning Programs on Fertility in Indonesia
Numerous studies indicate that female education is a major determinant of fertility and that the estimated effects are large relative to other variables, including family planning program variables. There are, however, two serious deficiencies in the research relating educational attainment to fertility that could give rise to invalid inferences. First, many public programs, including health and family planning programs, may influence a woman’s d…
Arbitrarily Normalized Coefficients, Information Sets, and False Reports of “Biases” in Binary Outcome Models
Empirical researchers sometimes misinterpret how additional regressors, heterogeneity corrections, and multilevel factors impact the interpretation of the estimated parameters in binary outcome models such as logit and probit. This can result in incorrect inferences about the importance of incorporating such features in these nonlinear statistical models. Some reports of biases in binary outcome models appear related to the arbitrary variance nor…
Parental compensatory behaviors and early child health outcomes in Cebu, Philippines
Impact of Oportunidades on Skilled Attendance at Delivery in Rural Areas
Oportunidades (formerly PROGRESA) is a conditional cash transfer program ran by the Mexican federal government designed to break the intergenerational cycle of poverty. Among other activities, it provides free delivery attendance for women enrolled in the program. Skilled attendance at delivery has been identified as an effective strategy to reduce maternal mortality, an important health problem in Mexico. In this paper we assess the impact of Op…
The declining prevalence of overweight among Russian children
Sample-Selection Biases and the Industrialization Puzzle
Understanding long-term changes in human well-being is central to understanding the consequences of economic development. An extensive anthropometric literature purports to show that heights in the United States declined between the 1830s and the 1890s, which is when the U.S. economy modernized. Most anthropometric research contends that declining heights reflect the negative health consequences of industrialization and urbanization. This interpr…
Diagnosing Sample-Selection Bias in Historical Heights
Our 2017 article in this Journal stresses the pitfalls of using choice-based samples in economic history. A prominent example is the literature addressing the so-called antebellum puzzle. Heights researchers claim that Americans grew shorter in the first half of the nineteenth century, a period of robust economic growth. We argue that this result relies on choice-based samples. Without knowing the process that led to inclusion in the sample, rese…
Selection and consumption of lunches by National School Lunch Program participants
Students choosing fat-free chocolate milk during school lunch consume more calories, total sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins at lunch
Objective: To examine how milk consumption varies by milk choice and measure the association of milk choice on the nutritional and energetic content of National School Lunch Program (NSLP) lunches. Design: An observational plate waste study using the Digital Photography of Foods Method. Setting: Data were collected from two suburban South Carolina schools in one district during February and March 2013. Participants: Totally, 968 NSLP lunches sele…
Unobserved Inputs in Household Production
Most household production studies ignore unobserved inputs. Without additional assumptions, however, estimated impacts of the observed inputs cannot provide informative estimates of marginal products because of contaminating variations in unobserved inputs. Not even the signs of marginal impacts can be ascertained. One can establish the direction of these biases and significantly reduce them by including detailed information about nonproductive (…
Economics (18 works) · Sociology (11 works) · Demography (10 works) · Statistics (10 works) · Econometrics (9 works) · Environmental health (9 works) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (9 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Population (9 works) · Demographic economics (8 works)