Mathew Y H Wong
Biographic Data
| ID | 271830 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Mathew Y H Wong |
| GIVEN NAMES | Mathew Y H |
| FAMILY NAME | Wong |
| SIGNATURE | WONG M Y H |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Hong Kong |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3824-329X |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 43 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 159 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 43 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2014 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2025 |
| H-INDEX | 8 |
Social problem and policy analysis using an empathic diary tool in a master of social work class in Hong Kong
This mixed methods programme evaluation study captures learning and teaching through the completion of an individual diary by students, that we have named the ‘Empathic Diary of Discoveries’ as part of a Master of Social Work degree in a public research university in Hong Kong. Students completing the diary were enrolled in a compulsory class on social problem and policy analysis. The aim of introducing this innovative pedagogical tool into the c…
Policy evaluation from a citizen-centric perspective: Comparing the legacies of contact tracing in East Asia
The egalitarian paradox: Democratic values, perceived inequality and political support
A substantial body of literature suggests that economic inequality has negative repercussions on the functioning and quality of democracy. At the individual level, several studies have shown that satisfaction with democracy is lower among citizens who perceive high levels of inequality. However, the link between perceptions of inequality and democratic attitudes is more complex if we consider that democracy encompasses an egalitarian ethos and is…
Economic development, corruption, and income inequality: The role of the informal sector
This article investigates how the relationship between economic development and income inequality is conditioned by corruption and the informal sector. While corruption has traditionally been believed to worsen inequality through resource concentration, this study suggests that it can also lead to the opposite through the informal sector. In countries with a high level of corruption or a large informal sector, individuals can bypass regulations a…
Financial development, democracy, and income inequality
Does financial development increase income inequality? This topic is theoretically and practically significant given the surge in income inequality across most economies in recent decades and the costs associated with bailing out financial institutions that were ‘too big to fail’ during the 2008 global financial crisis. As the literature has yet to reach a consensus, this study examines the impact of financial development on income inequality by …
Protests in Macao Under Chinese Sovereignty: Against the State or for the State
The existing literature on contentious politics has long centred on “state-challenging protests,” referring to resistance that denies state legitimacy. However, the implications of “state-engaging protests,” referring to protests that seek state assistance in what are essentially private disputes rather than challenging state legitimacy, have yet to be thoroughly explored. By analysing 2,364 protests in Macao, this study compares the trends and c…
Who intended to leave? Patterns and impacts of Hong Kong's recent wave of migration
During Hong Kong's 2019 political turmoil and the subsequent impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a rapid rise in turnover rates in certain occupations, such as teachers, medical workers and civil servants, was observed. Some attributed this trend to the increasing rate of emigration. Previous studies have suggested that younger and better‐educated individuals are more likely to emigrate, and that the emigration of a specific group of…
Gambling Economy and Social Protests in Macao: A Happy Problem
Gambling has both negative and positive impacts on every economy. The existing literature of gambling-related protests has mostly centered on “cost-challenging protests,” referring to resistance against social costs such as legalized gambling, problem gambling, and environmental deterioration. In this article, we adopt alternative types of collective action, namely “benefit-sharing protests,” referring to those that seek state or casino companies…
Covid-19 Direct Relief Payments and Political and Economic Attitudes among Tertiary Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study
During the COVID-19 pandemic, ad hoc direct relief payments were used extensively as a means of economic stimulation and individual compensation. Current studies are focusing on the economic impact of these policies, but they seldom consider how these payments affect individual beliefs and attitudes. This study used a survey with quasi-experimental elements to examine how these payments affected tertiary students in Hong Kong by focusing primaril…
Reassessing the Impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative: A Mixed Methods Approach
This study reassesses the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) by examining various economic linkages between China and other economies. An extensive review of the literature reveals that empirical studies in this field seldom account for the possibility that the BRI might itself be a product, rather than a cause, of connections between China and the world. Based on statistical analyses of data from 163 countries between 1999 and 2017…
Do people feel they belong? Socio-political factors shaping the place attachment of Hong Kong citizens
Hong Kong citizens' sense of belonging has gone through a period of fluctuation during the period of rapid socio-political and legal change since the outbreak of the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement in 2019. This study explored how multiple dimensions of the place attachment of Hong Kong citizens have been shaped by factors associated with these changes. Six socio-political variables were incorporated into the three dimensions of the …
Group-Based Income Inequality in Hong Kong: An Analysis of Mainland Chinese Immigrants
Despite a notoriously high level of income inequality, public discussion about the issue in Hong Kong has been largely limited to overall trends. This is partially due to a lack of fine-grained data, especially on socially relevant inequality dimensions. This study introduces the group-based inequality data set, which provides indices on inequality within and between groups based on census surveys from 1991 to 2016. Compared with past immigrants,…
Foreign news, regime type, and framing of China: Comparing the world’s media interpretations of the Hong Kong National Security Law
The existing literature has recognized that democratic regimes tend to allow pluralistic media content, whereas authoritarian regimes mostly permit pro-regime media content. This discussion has long focused on domestic news at the national level. However, the implications of foreign news have seldom been explored. By examining the Hong Kong National Security Law, this article compares the world’s media interpretations of China. The findings show …
Hong Kong’s new wave of migration: Socio-political factors of individuals’ intention to emigrate
With a recent surge in the outward movement of the population, a new wave of emigration has been suggested to have started in Hong Kong. It is speculated that recent socio-political changes in Hong Kong may have contributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, five socio-political variables-mobility, sense of place, trust and confidence in the law and the legal system, global citizenship, and perception of inequality-are employed in this study as propo…
Teaching political science in the age of internationalisation: A survey of local and international students
This article explores the issue of internationalisation in the teaching of political science at universities. We first provide an overview of the mix of courses in terms of geographical focus offered by high-ranking political science departments. Second, with survey data from students, we assess the factors affecting their attitudes towards area-specific and general politics courses. The results indicate that, compared to local students who prefe…
Comparing Minimum Wage Policies in East Asia: Political Competition and Labor Incorporation
This article attempts to explain the evolution of minimum wage levels in three East Asian economies: Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. A political-economic framework incorporating the levels of political competition and labor incorporation is suggested. With strong political competition and a lack of labor incorporation, South Korea exhibits the strongest minimum wage increase, followed by Taiwan with incorporated labor. Japan has the weakest minim…
Income Inequality and Political Participation in Asia
This paper examines the impact of income inequality on political participation in Asia. Both conventional conflict theory and relative power theory suggest that inequality affects political participation, but they predict opposite directions. In this paper, I argue that the effects of inequality on participation depend on the type of political action: radical or institutional. To substantiate this claim, I analyze four Asian Barometer Survey wave…
Performance, Factions, and Promotion in China: The Role of Provincial Transfers
Income Inequality and Political Participation: A District-Level Analysis of Hong Kong Elections
Democracy, belief in democratic redistribution, and income inequality
This study provides a novel contribution to the democracy–inequality literature by presenting the belief in democratic redistribution (the view that redistribution is an essential characteristic of democracy) as a conditioning factor. Democracy is expected to reduce inequality when people perceive redistribution as an essential characteristic of it, yet initial analysis shows contrasting results depending on the operationalisation of the indicato…
Warning signal: Political trust, typhoons and the myth of the ‘Li's field’ in Hong Kong
This article examines the discourse of ‘Li's Field’ in Hong Kong, named after tycoon Li Ka‐shing and used to satirically denounce the government‐business political nexus. The discourse challenges the apparent reluctance of the weather agency to decide that a typhoon is strong enough to warrant a city‐wide suspension of business activities, which would obviously be detrimental to capitalist interests. In comparison to the earlier period characteri…
Democracy, hybrid regimes, and inequality: The divergent effects of contestation and inclusiveness
Democracy, constitutional framework, and human rights: A comparison of Monaco, Tonga, Hong Kong, and Singapore
Party Competition and Ideology in Hong Kong: A New Manifesto Coding Dataset
This study provides a new dataset on the ideological positions of political parties in Hong Kong, which is a hybrid regime with electoral elements. Using this dataset, the study challenges the non-ideological view of party competition in Hong Kong by identifying an ideological dimension to the elections held between 1998 and 2016. It is shown that parties do position themselves along an identifiable left–right spectrum, with shifts that can be me…
Distant Participation” and Youth Political Attitudes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Objective In this article, we explore the seldom studied concept of “distant participation,” defined as the experience of social movements (such as receiving information from online media) from overseas. Online media may affect people's political attitudes, but how people use online media is also contingent upon their political attitudes. Method We take advantage of a natural experiment to deal with this endogenous selection problem. Our treatmen…
Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept
Understanding youth activism and radicalism: Chinese values and socialization
In the past decade, there has been an evident surge in political activism in Hong Kong, especially among the youth. This paper seeks to explain this development by adopting an emerging framework, the Activism–Radicalism Intention Scale (ARIS), that distinguishes between activism and radicalism and demonstrates how past and current intentions relate to each other. To explain how young people become politically motivated, we borrow from existing li…
The Politics of the Minimum Wage in Hong Kong
This article provides an account of the recent introduction of a minimum wage in Hong Kong in 2011. Traditional welfare state theories had their origins in rich democracies. We refine the theoretical arguments in accordance with the semi-democratic nature of Hong Kong. We argue that the legislation was initiated reluctantly by the business-friendly government under unfavourable economic conditions. Any subsequent concessions to labour were not at…
Hong Kong’s new wave of migration: Socio-political factors of individuals’ intention to emigrate
With a recent surge in the outward movement of the population, a new wave of emigration has been suggested to have started in Hong Kong. It is speculated that recent socio-political changes in Hong Kong may have contributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, five socio-political variables-mobility, sense of place, trust and confidence in the law and the legal system, global citizenship, and perception of inequality-are employed in this study as propo…
Performance, Factions, and Promotion in China: The Role of Provincial Transfers
Democracy, hybrid regimes, and inequality: The divergent effects of contestation and inclusiveness
State size and democratization in hybrid regimes: The Chinese island cities of Macau and Hong Kong
The effect of state size on level of democratization has been a topic of interest to political scientists. However, studies have largely focused on democratic regimes, leaving unexplored the implications of state size for the regime persistence of hybrid regimes. This article compares two Chinese island cities with hybrid regimes through political analysis supplemented by interviews, and argues that a smaller regime is more likely to be authorita…
Public spending, corruption, and income inequality: A comparative analysis of Asia and Latin America
Based on data from 16 Asian and 18 Latin American countries from 1996 to 2009, this article argues that corruption does indeed affect the distributive outcomes of government spending, but not necessarily in the expected direction. The incentives for bureaucrats and politicians to abuse their power during the budgetary process suggests that corruption should concentrate public funds in the hands of elites, exacerbating inequality. However, this sh…
Welfare or politics? A survey experiment of political discontent and support for redistribution in Hong Kong
This study examines support for redistribution in the developed economy of Hong Kong from three theoretical perspectives: self-interest, ideology, and social affinity. The analysis uses a between-subjects randomized vignette experiment to explore the interplay between welfare and politics; in particular, it addresses whether people express opposition to a welfare policy to convey political discontent even if they otherwise support the policy. Dra…
Academic Censorship in China: The Case of The China Quarterly
The recent censorship requests made by Chinese authorities to Western academic publishers have sent shockwaves throughout the academic world. This article examines the high-profile The China Quarterly incident as a case in point. Because the censorship is expected to be followed by similar demands to other publications, it is important for the academic community to explore the logic behind it. This research article provides a preliminary analysis…
Income Inequality and Political Participation: A District-Level Analysis of Hong Kong Elections
Democracy, belief in democratic redistribution, and income inequality
This study provides a novel contribution to the democracy–inequality literature by presenting the belief in democratic redistribution (the view that redistribution is an essential characteristic of democracy) as a conditioning factor. Democracy is expected to reduce inequality when people perceive redistribution as an essential characteristic of it, yet initial analysis shows contrasting results depending on the operationalisation of the indicato…
Helping the Rich get Richer: A Re-assessment of the Income Distributional Trend in Hong Kong
Although many are under the impression that income inequality in Hong Kong has been continually on the rise, the picture presented by official statistics is mixed. This article suggests that official statistics, due to limitations in their design, have underestimated the impact of the top earners. Utilising taxation data, a continuous and strong growth in inequality can be identified when the distribution among taxpayers is considered, providing …
Income Inequality and Political Participation in Asia
This paper examines the impact of income inequality on political participation in Asia. Both conventional conflict theory and relative power theory suggest that inequality affects political participation, but they predict opposite directions. In this paper, I argue that the effects of inequality on participation depend on the type of political action: radical or institutional. To substantiate this claim, I analyze four Asian Barometer Survey wave…
Democratic Persistence and Inequality: The Role of Foreign Direct Investments
Economic development, corruption, and income inequality: The role of the informal sector
This article investigates how the relationship between economic development and income inequality is conditioned by corruption and the informal sector. While corruption has traditionally been believed to worsen inequality through resource concentration, this study suggests that it can also lead to the opposite through the informal sector. In countries with a high level of corruption or a large informal sector, individuals can bypass regulations a…
Reassessing the Impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative: A Mixed Methods Approach
This study reassesses the impact of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) by examining various economic linkages between China and other economies. An extensive review of the literature reveals that empirical studies in this field seldom account for the possibility that the BRI might itself be a product, rather than a cause, of connections between China and the world. Based on statistical analyses of data from 163 countries between 1999 and 2017…
Party Competition and Ideology in Hong Kong: A New Manifesto Coding Dataset
This study provides a new dataset on the ideological positions of political parties in Hong Kong, which is a hybrid regime with electoral elements. Using this dataset, the study challenges the non-ideological view of party competition in Hong Kong by identifying an ideological dimension to the elections held between 1998 and 2016. It is shown that parties do position themselves along an identifiable left–right spectrum, with shifts that can be me…
Median voter and power resources revisited: A Composite Model of Inequality
This study explains redistribution and income inequality by revisiting traditional approaches. The predictions of the two dominant theories, the median voter hypothesis (the Meltzer–Richard model) and the power resources theory are regarded as contrasting, and have seldom been incorporated under a single framework. I develop a composite model of inequality by combining their core arguments within the framework of party competition. This study als…
Do people feel they belong? Socio-political factors shaping the place attachment of Hong Kong citizens
Hong Kong citizens' sense of belonging has gone through a period of fluctuation during the period of rapid socio-political and legal change since the outbreak of the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill Movement in 2019. This study explored how multiple dimensions of the place attachment of Hong Kong citizens have been shaped by factors associated with these changes. Six socio-political variables were incorporated into the three dimensions of the …
Selectorate Theory in Hybrid Regimes: Comparing Hong Kong and Singapore
This article investigates public and private goods provision in two hybrid regimes: Hong Kong and Singapore. We build on the selectorate theory, which analyses all regimes in terms of the size of their leaders’ support coalitions. This research follows a differences-in-differences design, with the exogenous political change in Hong Kong in 1997 as a treatment and Singapore as a control case. This study contributes to the literature in two ways. F…
Economic Development and Subjective Well-being: A Comparative Study of Adolescents in Hong Kong and Macau
Protests in Macao Under Chinese Sovereignty: Against the State or for the State
The existing literature on contentious politics has long centred on “state-challenging protests,” referring to resistance that denies state legitimacy. However, the implications of “state-engaging protests,” referring to protests that seek state assistance in what are essentially private disputes rather than challenging state legitimacy, have yet to be thoroughly explored. By analysing 2,364 protests in Macao, this study compares the trends and c…
Democracy, constitutional framework, and human rights: A comparison of Monaco, Tonga, Hong Kong, and Singapore
Legislature size and inequality: Democratic participation and authoritarian dilution
This paper argues that the ratio of legislature size to population is crucial for explaining income inequality. Larger legislatures (with respect to population size) promote equality in democratic regimes. The opposite effect is hypothesised for non-democracies, although the empirical results for this group are less significant. I suggest that larger legislatures decrease inequality in democracies by enhancing representative linkages and increasi…
The Politics of the Minimum Wage in Hong Kong
This article provides an account of the recent introduction of a minimum wage in Hong Kong in 2011. Traditional welfare state theories had their origins in rich democracies. We refine the theoretical arguments in accordance with the semi-democratic nature of Hong Kong. We argue that the legislation was initiated reluctantly by the business-friendly government under unfavourable economic conditions. Any subsequent concessions to labour were not at…
Discussing without deciding, deciding without acting: Veto players in Hong Kong, and Beijing’s response
This article analyzes the problems of governing post-1997 Hong Kong by applying the veto players approach. Previous works in this area placed little emphasis on the actors who could actually create problems for the government by opposing changes—the veto players. In this research, administrative elites and the business sector are regarded as veto players in the system. To improve governance and achieve its ideal “executive-led” model, it is argue…
Economic Development and Subjective Well-being: A Comparative Study of Adolescents in Hong Kong and Macau
Globalization, Spending and Income Inequality in Asia Pacific
This paper provides an overview of the patterns of government spending and income distribution in the Asia-Pacific region under globalization. Previous studies have not placed much emphasis on the underlying policy mechanisms. Not only does this article take the change in public spending into account, it also allows for different factors and distributive outcomes to be associated with distinct types of spending (education, welfare and health). He…
Democratic Persistence and Inequality: The Role of Foreign Direct Investments
Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept
Comparative Hong Kong Politics: A Guidebook for Students and Researchers
State size and democratization in hybrid regimes: The Chinese island cities of Macau and Hong Kong
The effect of state size on level of democratization has been a topic of interest to political scientists. However, studies have largely focused on democratic regimes, leaving unexplored the implications of state size for the regime persistence of hybrid regimes. This article compares two Chinese island cities with hybrid regimes through political analysis supplemented by interviews, and argues that a smaller regime is more likely to be authorita…
Helping the Rich get Richer: A Re-assessment of the Income Distributional Trend in Hong Kong
Although many are under the impression that income inequality in Hong Kong has been continually on the rise, the picture presented by official statistics is mixed. This article suggests that official statistics, due to limitations in their design, have underestimated the impact of the top earners. Utilising taxation data, a continuous and strong growth in inequality can be identified when the distribution among taxpayers is considered, providing …
Legislature size and inequality: Democratic participation and authoritarian dilution
This paper argues that the ratio of legislature size to population is crucial for explaining income inequality. Larger legislatures (with respect to population size) promote equality in democratic regimes. The opposite effect is hypothesised for non-democracies, although the empirical results for this group are less significant. I suggest that larger legislatures decrease inequality in democracies by enhancing representative linkages and increasi…
Public spending, corruption, and income inequality: A comparative analysis of Asia and Latin America
Based on data from 16 Asian and 18 Latin American countries from 1996 to 2009, this article argues that corruption does indeed affect the distributive outcomes of government spending, but not necessarily in the expected direction. The incentives for bureaucrats and politicians to abuse their power during the budgetary process suggests that corruption should concentrate public funds in the hands of elites, exacerbating inequality. However, this sh…
Median voter and power resources revisited: A Composite Model of Inequality
This study explains redistribution and income inequality by revisiting traditional approaches. The predictions of the two dominant theories, the median voter hypothesis (the Meltzer–Richard model) and the power resources theory are regarded as contrasting, and have seldom been incorporated under a single framework. I develop a composite model of inequality by combining their core arguments within the framework of party competition. This study als…
Association Between Parents' Marital Status and the Development of Purpose, Hope, and Self-Esteem in Adolescents in Hong Kong
This study investigates the role of parents' marital status in adolescents' mental well-being. Although the separation of parents is generally regarded as a negative condition on adolescents' growth, we find evidence of strong positive development in certain areas. Faced with an adverse family background, even though teenagers might have lower happiness and life satisfaction, they come to develop stronger purpose in life, higher hope for the futu…
Understanding youth activism and radicalism: Chinese values and socialization
In the past decade, there has been an evident surge in political activism in Hong Kong, especially among the youth. This paper seeks to explain this development by adopting an emerging framework, the Activism–Radicalism Intention Scale (ARIS), that distinguishes between activism and radicalism and demonstrates how past and current intentions relate to each other. To explain how young people become politically motivated, we borrow from existing li…
Selectorate Theory in Hybrid Regimes: Comparing Hong Kong and Singapore
This article investigates public and private goods provision in two hybrid regimes: Hong Kong and Singapore. We build on the selectorate theory, which analyses all regimes in terms of the size of their leaders’ support coalitions. This research follows a differences-in-differences design, with the exogenous political change in Hong Kong in 1997 as a treatment and Singapore as a control case. This study contributes to the literature in two ways. F…
Democratization as institutional change: Hong Kong 1992–2015
The limited democratization in Hong Kong has been on-going for more than three decades. Unlike typical democratizations as the abrupt breakdown of authoritarian regimes, the case of Hong Kong is characterized by gradual and incremental changes under a constitutional framework. The process, involving actors such as the Chinese government, colonial government, and local democratic forces, provides a wide variety of forms of institutional changes. B…
Academic Censorship in China: The Case of The China Quarterly
The recent censorship requests made by Chinese authorities to Western academic publishers have sent shockwaves throughout the academic world. This article examines the high-profile The China Quarterly incident as a case in point. Because the censorship is expected to be followed by similar demands to other publications, it is important for the academic community to explore the logic behind it. This research article provides a preliminary analysis…
Democracy, constitutional framework, and human rights: A comparison of Monaco, Tonga, Hong Kong, and Singapore
Party Competition and Ideology in Hong Kong: A New Manifesto Coding Dataset
This study provides a new dataset on the ideological positions of political parties in Hong Kong, which is a hybrid regime with electoral elements. Using this dataset, the study challenges the non-ideological view of party competition in Hong Kong by identifying an ideological dimension to the elections held between 1998 and 2016. It is shown that parties do position themselves along an identifiable left–right spectrum, with shifts that can be me…
Distant Participation” and Youth Political Attitudes: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Objective In this article, we explore the seldom studied concept of “distant participation,” defined as the experience of social movements (such as receiving information from online media) from overseas. Online media may affect people's political attitudes, but how people use online media is also contingent upon their political attitudes. Method We take advantage of a natural experiment to deal with this endogenous selection problem. Our treatmen…
Welfare or politics? A survey experiment of political discontent and support for redistribution in Hong Kong
This study examines support for redistribution in the developed economy of Hong Kong from three theoretical perspectives: self-interest, ideology, and social affinity. The analysis uses a between-subjects randomized vignette experiment to explore the interplay between welfare and politics; in particular, it addresses whether people express opposition to a welfare policy to convey political discontent even if they otherwise support the policy. Dra…
Democracy, belief in democratic redistribution, and income inequality
This study provides a novel contribution to the democracy–inequality literature by presenting the belief in democratic redistribution (the view that redistribution is an essential characteristic of democracy) as a conditioning factor. Democracy is expected to reduce inequality when people perceive redistribution as an essential characteristic of it, yet initial analysis shows contrasting results depending on the operationalisation of the indicato…
Warning signal: Political trust, typhoons and the myth of the ‘Li's field’ in Hong Kong
This article examines the discourse of ‘Li's Field’ in Hong Kong, named after tycoon Li Ka‐shing and used to satirically denounce the government‐business political nexus. The discourse challenges the apparent reluctance of the weather agency to decide that a typhoon is strong enough to warrant a city‐wide suspension of business activities, which would obviously be detrimental to capitalist interests. In comparison to the earlier period characteri…
Democracy, hybrid regimes, and inequality: The divergent effects of contestation and inclusiveness
Hong Kong’s new wave of migration: Socio-political factors of individuals’ intention to emigrate
With a recent surge in the outward movement of the population, a new wave of emigration has been suggested to have started in Hong Kong. It is speculated that recent socio-political changes in Hong Kong may have contributed to this phenomenon. Therefore, five socio-political variables-mobility, sense of place, trust and confidence in the law and the legal system, global citizenship, and perception of inequality-are employed in this study as propo…
Political science (35 works) · Politics (31 works) · Economics (27 works) · Law (21 works) · Development economics (16 works) · Law (16 works) · Sociology (16 works) · Democracy (15 works) · Hong Kong and Taiwan Politics (15 works) · Inequality (13 works)