Todd I Herrenkohl
Biographic Data
| ID | 273028 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Todd I Herrenkohl |
| GIVEN NAMES | Todd I |
| FAMILY NAME | Herrenkohl |
| SIGNATURE | HERRENKOHL T I |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Washington |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7001-1544 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 65 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 263 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 65 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2000 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 10 |
A Psychometric Evaluation of the Trauma-Informed Programs and Practices for Schools (TIPPS) Survey
Campus Sexual Violence Victimization and Perpetration Experiences in Racial, Gender Identity, and Sexual Orientation Minority Student Subpopulations: A Scoping Review
Research on campus sexual violence (CSV) victimization and perpetration has grown considerably in recent years; however, knowledge of the experiences of CSV among students within specific racial, gender identity, and sexual orientation subpopulations remains limited. The purpose of this scoping review was to (a) determine any documented differences in CSV prevalence rates among students based on race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and gender iden…
Perspectives on a system-oriented trauma-informed approach in schools: A qualitative study using the Trauma-Informed Programs and Practices for Schools (TIPPS) framework
students. Findings strengthen our understanding of the supports needed by school professionals to implement a system-wide trauma-informed approach. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved)
A commentary on Kim et al.'s (2025) mapping the multifaceted approaches and impacts of adverse childhood experiences: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses for Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry…
Research on Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) has progresses at a rapid pace over the last 30 years and publications now span many fields and disciplines. With a literature this vast, it is important to stake stock of what is known and where gaps in knowledge remain by reviewing and synthesizing published findings. In this commentary, I center remarks on a well‐designed umbrella review conducted by Kim et al. on the impact of ACEs. Their revie…
Introducing a New JSSWR Specialty Series on Artificial Intelligence and Social Work
Advancing Trauma-Informed Practices for K–12 Schools and Institutions of Higher Education
Family adversity and co-occurring pain, psychological, and somatic symptom trajectories from late childhood through early adolescence
A Qualitative Exploration of Sibling Relationship Quality Among Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence
Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) places children at risk for negative developmental outcomes. However, many IPV-exposed (eIPV) children exhibit resilience, which is promoted by protective factors including positive, caring relationships. Sibling relationships can buffer eIPV children from poor adjustment outcomes but have scarcely been studied. This study explored how eIPV children in middle childhood understood and made meaning of the…
Understanding and preventing violent extremism in school settings
Violent extremism in the U.S: Causes and consequences for youth, families, schools, and communities
Violent extremism in the United States has surged over the past 25 years, with attacks on and threats to major governmental and other institutions, infrastructure (e.g., electric grid), and specific segments of the population, including immigrant and BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color) communities. Violent extremism can take multiple and diverse forms, such as bombings in public spaces or specific sites (e.g., house of worship, g…
Month Prevalence of Unwanted Sexual Contact Victimization in a National Sample of College Students: Differences by race, gender identity, and sexual identity
Universal and targeted (selective and indicated) intervention programs are needed to lessen USCV, particularly among gender minority students who also identify as Black, Indigenous, other person of color, or as a sexual minority
The Association Between Childhood Sexual Abuse and Somatic Symptoms at Midlife: The Roles of Depression and Intimate Partner Relationship Quality
Advancing a prevention-oriented support system for the health and safety of children
Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on stress, coping, and well-being among adults with histories of child maltreatment
40). Approximately half of participants reported that the pandemic had greatly (negatively) impacted their life, relationships, and well-being. Contributing stressors included being fearful of getting sick, navigating work changes, and experiencing economic and housing hardships, grief and loss, and social isolation. Fewer than half of the sample reported more stress (46%), whereas a third (33%) indicated no changes to stress, and 10% had reduced…
Help-Seeking and Service Utilization Among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Michigan During the Covid-19 Pandemic
This study explores formal and informal intimate partner violence (IPV) service use among women and transgender/nonbinary individuals in the state of Michigan during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 14.8% ( N = 173) of participants experienced IPV during this period, and 70% utilized at least one formal IPV service (13.3%). Up to 22% of survivors reported wanting to seek formal help but not doing so due to fear of partner reprisal, contracting C…
Families With Early History of Parental Abuse and Neglect: Midlife Adult Children's Relationships With Their Parents During Covid-19
For families with an early history of parental abuse and neglect (EHPAN), personal and situational stressors can increase relational vulnerabilities. We examined relationship dynamics between midlife adults with EHPAN and their parents during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of semi-structured qualitative interviews with 31 participants (aged 44-50), examined patterns of contact and support to provide insights into relationship d…
Effects of Neighborhood Disconnection on Psychological Distress and Suicide Risk Associated with Interpersonal Violence Within Racial Groups
Childhood maltreatment history and trauma‐specific predictors of parenting stress in new fathers
For new fathers, parenting stress is a risk factor for impaired early parenting and child maltreatment perpetration. Predictors of parenting stress, including fathers’ own experiences of trauma, could be useful intervention targets to support new fathers. We aim to examine associations between new fathers’ own histories of child maltreatment, and their perinatal mental health, relationships, and parenting stress. We recruited 298 first‐time fathe…
Distinct profiles of violence victimization and suicide risk: Findings from a national survey of emerging adults
1,077). A total of 50.2% of participants identified as cisgender female, followed by 47.4% cisgender male, and 2.3% transgender or nonbinary. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to establish profiles. Suicide-related variables were regressed onto victimization profiles. A four-class solution was determined to be the best fitting model: Interpersonal Violence (IV; 22%), Interpersonal + Structural Violence (I + STV; 7%), Emotional Victimization (E…
Increases in Intimate Partner Violence During Covid-19: Prevalence and Correlates
Measures to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic led to stay-at-home orders across the world, accompanied by fears of a global surge in intimate partner violence (IPV). We administered an online general-population survey to 1169 women and transgender/nonbinary individuals throughout the state of Michigan in June–August 2020 to assess changes in the prevalence, severity, and correlates of IPV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quota sampling was used t…
Child Maltreatment, Youth Violence, Intimate Partner Violence, and Elder Mistreatment: A Review and Theoretical Analysis of Research on Violence Across the Life Course
This article reports the results of a scoping review of the literature on life-course patterns of violence that span the developmental periods of childhood, adolescence, and early and middle adulthood. We also assess the evidence on elder mistreatment and its relation to earlier forms of violence. Additionally, we draw on theories and empirical studies to help explain the transmission of violence over time and relational contexts and the factors …
Perceptions of Partner Decarceration among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Childhood Maltreatment and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Adulthood: An Investigation into Proximal and Distal Risk Factors across the Life Course
From zero to thrive: A model of cross‐system and cross‐sector relational health to promote early childhood development across the child‐serving ecosystem
Early relational health between caregivers and children is foundational for child health and well‐being. Children and caregivers are also embedded within multiple systems and sectors, or a “child‐serving ecosystem”, that shapes child development. Although the COVID‐19 pandemic has made this embeddedness abundantly clear, systems remain siloed and lack coordination. Fostering relational health amongst layers of this ecosystem may be a way to syste…
Centering Racial Equity in Measures of School Climate: Perspectives of Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Students
The Effects of Child Abuse and Exposure to Domestic Violence on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems
Developmental Impacts of Child Abuse and Neglect Related to Adult Mental Health, Substance Use, and Physical Health
Examining the Overlap and Prediction of Multiple Forms of Child Maltreatment, Stressors, and Socioeconomic Status: A Longitudinal Analysis of Youth Outcomes
Protective factors against serious violent behavior in adolescence: A prospective study of aggressive children
Journal Article Protective factors against serious violent behavior in adolescence: A prospective study of aggressive children Get access Todd I. Herrenkohl, PhD, Todd I. Herrenkohl, PhD assistant professor School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue, NE, Seattle, WA 98105-6299 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Todd I. Herrenkohl, Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, 9725 3…
Multiple Identification and Risks: Examination of Peer Factors Across Multiracial and Single-Race Youth
Early Child Maltreatment, Runaway Youths, and Risk of Delinquency and Victimization in Adolescence: A Mediational Model
This article examines whether running away from home mediates the link between child maltreatment and later delinquency and victimization in adolescence. Specifically, the authors tested the hypothesis that childhood physical and psychological abuse increase the risk of a child's running away from home by the time of adolescence. Running away from home is, in turn, hypothesized to increase the risk of delinquency and victimization. Childhood sexu…
Student and school factors associated with school suspension: A multilevel analysis of students in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States
Early Adolescent Predictors of Youth Violence as Mediators of Childhood Risks
Analyses were conducted to assess whether risk factors for youth violence measured at 10 years of age influenced later violence directly or indirectly through predictors measured in early adolescence (14 years of age). Analyses revealed that many childhood risks—which included teacher-rated hyperactivity/low attention, teacher-rated antisocial behavior, parental attitudes favorable to violence, involvement with antisocial peers, low family income…
Trauma‐Informed Programs Based in Schools: Linking Concepts to Practices and Assessing the Evidence
Highlights Schools should play an important role in promoting resilience in children who experience trauma. Schools remain poorly equipped to address the needs of children with trauma histories. More research on classroom‐based and school‐wide trauma‐informed interventions is required. Evaluation of school‐based programs requires designs suited to complex environments. Questions remain as to how to position programs to improve access to services …
Correspondence between youth report and census measures of neighborhood context
Many studies that have examined neighborhood factors as predictors of crime have used census data. Exclusive use of these data limits the range of neighborhood factors that can be assessed and the frequency with which assessments can be made. Surveys of neighborhood residents provide an alternative data source. However, survey data have been viewed as reflecting the individual perceptions of respondents rather than characteristics of neighborhood…
Assessing a Child’s Experience of Multiple Maltreatment Types: Some Unfinished Business
Moderating the Effects of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: The Roles of Parenting Characteristics and Adolescent Peer Support
We investigate parenting characteristics and adolescent peer support as potential moderators of the effects of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on adolescent outcomes. Lehigh Longitudinal Study (N=416) data include parent and adolescent reports of childhood IPV exposure. Exposure to IPV predicted nearly all adverse outcomes examined, however after accounting for co-occurring child abuse and early child behavior problems, IPV …
Developing “whole school” bystander interventions: The role of school-settings in influencing adolescents responses to dating violence and bullying
Ethnic and Gender Variation in Religious Involvement: Patterns of Expression in Young Adulthood
This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to empirically derive profiles of religious involvement among a sample of 808 young adults and describe ethnic and gender differences within such religious involvement patterns. Items on the Duke Religion Index (DRI) were included as part of a larger longitudinal survey of emotional, physical, and behavioral health. The scale measured the organizational, nonorganizational, and intrinsic dimensions of re…
Depressed Mood During Early to Middle Adolescence: A Bi-national Longitudinal Study of the Unique Impact of Family Conflict
Pathways From School Suspension to Adolescent Nonviolent Antisocial Behavior in Students in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States
School suspension is associated with school dropout, crime, delinquency, and alcohol and other drug use for the suspended student. Important research questions are how academic and related factors are relevant to the school suspension process and the generality of the process in different sites. State‐representative samples of Grade 7 students ( N = 1,945) in Washington State, United States and Victoria, Australia were followed from 2002 to 2004.…
From zero to thrive: A model of cross‐system and cross‐sector relational health to promote early childhood development across the child‐serving ecosystem
Early relational health between caregivers and children is foundational for child health and well‐being. Children and caregivers are also embedded within multiple systems and sectors, or a “child‐serving ecosystem”, that shapes child development. Although the COVID‐19 pandemic has made this embeddedness abundantly clear, systems remain siloed and lack coordination. Fostering relational health amongst layers of this ecosystem may be a way to syste…
Cross-System Collaboration and Engagement of the Public Health Model to Promote the Well-Being of Children and Families
A public health model aimed at promoting children’s well-being by reducing risks in the environment and enhancing protection at the individual, family, and community levels is frequently recommended as a framework for implementing programs and policies in the nation’s child welfare, juvenile justice, mental and behavioral health, and education systems. Unfortunately, these systems of care are often inadequately equipped to advance a public health…
Effects of Formal and Informal Deviant Labels in Adolescence on Crime in Adulthood
The study reported in this article used labeling theory to examine the relationship between multiple labels in adolescence and self-reported criminal behavior in adulthood. This study used childhood, adolescent, and adult interviews (N = 357) from the Lehigh Longitudinal Study, which followed a high-risk community sample of individuals recruited from child welfare caseloads and other group settings in Pennsylvania. Structural equation modeling wa…
Longitudinal Effects of School Drug Policies on Student Marijuana Use in Washington State and Victoria, Australia
Objectives. We examined the longitudinal effect of schools’ drug policies on student marijuana use. Methods. We used data from the International Youth Development Study, which surveyed state-representative samples of students from Victoria, Australia, and Washington State. In wave 1 (2002), students in grades 7 and 9 (n = 3264) and a school administrator from each participating school (n = 188) reported on school drug policies. In wave 2 (2003), …
Applied and Translational Research on Trauma‐Responsive Programs and Policy: Introduction to a Special Issue of the American Journal of Community Psychology
Highlights Trauma in children and adults is prevalent. Advances in trauma‐informed programs, practices, and systems are necessary. Articles appearing in the special issue cover a range of topics and areas in trauma approaches
Reassessing the Effects of Early Adolescent Alcohol Use on Later Antisocial Behavior: A Longitudinal Study of Students in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States
The effect of early adolescent alcohol use on antisocial behavior was examined at one- and two-year follow-up in Washington, United States and Victoria, Australia. Each state used the same methods to survey statewide representative samples of students (N = 1,858, 52% female) in 2002 (Grade 7 [G7]), 2003 (Grade 8 [G8]), and 2004 (Grade 9 [G9]). Rates of lifetime, current, frequent, and heavy episodic alcohol use were higher in Victoria than Washin…
Advancing Trauma-Informed Practices for K–12 Schools and Institutions of Higher Education
Help-Seeking and Service Utilization Among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence in Michigan During the Covid-19 Pandemic
This study explores formal and informal intimate partner violence (IPV) service use among women and transgender/nonbinary individuals in the state of Michigan during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 14.8% ( N = 173) of participants experienced IPV during this period, and 70% utilized at least one formal IPV service (13.3%). Up to 22% of survivors reported wanting to seek formal help but not doing so due to fear of partner reprisal, contracting C…
Centering Racial Equity in Measures of School Climate: Perspectives of Racial and Ethnic Minoritized Students
Developmental risk factors for youth violence
Early Adolescent Predictors of Youth Violence as Mediators of Childhood Risks
Analyses were conducted to assess whether risk factors for youth violence measured at 10 years of age influenced later violence directly or indirectly through predictors measured in early adolescence (14 years of age). Analyses revealed that many childhood risks—which included teacher-rated hyperactivity/low attention, teacher-rated antisocial behavior, parental attitudes favorable to violence, involvement with antisocial peers, low family income…
Correspondence between youth report and census measures of neighborhood context
Many studies that have examined neighborhood factors as predictors of crime have used census data. Exclusive use of these data limits the range of neighborhood factors that can be assessed and the frequency with which assessments can be made. Surveys of neighborhood residents provide an alternative data source. However, survey data have been viewed as reflecting the individual perceptions of respondents rather than characteristics of neighborhood…
Protective factors against serious violent behavior in adolescence: A prospective study of aggressive children
Journal Article Protective factors against serious violent behavior in adolescence: A prospective study of aggressive children Get access Todd I. Herrenkohl, PhD, Todd I. Herrenkohl, PhD assistant professor School of Social Work, University of Washington, 4101 15th Avenue, NE, Seattle, WA 98105-6299 Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Todd I. Herrenkohl, Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, 9725 3…
Measuring child maltreatment: A comparison of prospective parent reports and retrospective adolescent reports
Using Lehigh Longitudinal Study data (N = 457), the authors compare prospective parent self-reports and retrospective adolescent reports of early childhood physical abuse, exploring their correspondence, predictive equivalence, and outcomes associated with conflicting reports. Correspondence between prospective and retrospective reports of child maltreatment was moderate (Phi = 0.27). Concurrence rates were similar for males and females. Analyses…
Examining the Overlap and Prediction of Multiple Forms of Child Maltreatment, Stressors, and Socioeconomic Status: A Longitudinal Analysis of Youth Outcomes
Community Violence in Context: Risk and Resilience in Children and Families
Although some community violence research has examined the context of community violence, including the social, economic, and structural organization of neighborhoods, more needs to be learned about family, school, and community-level factors that may promote and lessen the incidence and prevalence of community violence. In addition, further research is needed on various social, environmental, and contextual factors hypothesized to protect youth …
Early Child Maltreatment, Runaway Youths, and Risk of Delinquency and Victimization in Adolescence: A Mediational Model
This article examines whether running away from home mediates the link between child maltreatment and later delinquency and victimization in adolescence. Specifically, the authors tested the hypothesis that childhood physical and psychological abuse increase the risk of a child's running away from home by the time of adolescence. Running away from home is, in turn, hypothesized to increase the risk of delinquency and victimization. Childhood sexu…
The Effects of Child Abuse and Exposure to Domestic Violence on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior Problems
Assessing a Child’s Experience of Multiple Maltreatment Types: Some Unfinished Business
Violence in Context: Current Evidence on Risk, Protection, and Prevention
This book offers a critical appraisal of research and theory focused on violence in youth, families, and communities. Chapters examine the ways in which violence is defined and understood; how risk and protective factors promote and inhibit violence in families and in communities; and how violence and related behaviors differ by gender, race, and ethnicity. Work reviewed throughout the book examines overlapping forms of violence, the impact of vi…
Moderating the Effects of Childhood Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: The Roles of Parenting Characteristics and Adolescent Peer Support
We investigate parenting characteristics and adolescent peer support as potential moderators of the effects of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) on adolescent outcomes. Lehigh Longitudinal Study (N=416) data include parent and adolescent reports of childhood IPV exposure. Exposure to IPV predicted nearly all adverse outcomes examined, however after accounting for co-occurring child abuse and early child behavior problems, IPV …
Gender differences in risk/protection profiles for low academic performance
Using holistic‐interactionistic theory, the simultaneous nature of risk and protection factors for both males and females (age 6–11 in Wave 1) is examined using latent profile analysis (LPA). Risk/protection classes are estimated using multiple risk factor variables (e.g., physical child abuse) and multiple protective factors (e.g., extracurricular activities). These risk/protection classes were used to predict low academic performance. For both …
Longitudinal Study on the Effects of Child Abuse and Children’s Exposure to Domestic Violence, Parent-Child Attachments, and Antisocial Behavior in Adolescence
This study examined the unique and combined effects of child abuse and children’s exposure to domestic violence on later attachment to parents and antisocial behavior during adolescence. Analyses also investigated whether the interaction of exposure and low attachment predicted youth outcomes. Findings suggest that, although youth dually exposed to abuse and domestic violence were less attached to parents in adolescence than those who were not ex…
Ethnic and Gender Variation in Religious Involvement: Patterns of Expression in Young Adulthood
This study used latent class analysis (LCA) to empirically derive profiles of religious involvement among a sample of 808 young adults and describe ethnic and gender differences within such religious involvement patterns. Items on the Duke Religion Index (DRI) were included as part of a larger longitudinal survey of emotional, physical, and behavioral health. The scale measured the organizational, nonorganizational, and intrinsic dimensions of re…
Longitudinal Predictors of Cyber and Traditional Bullying Perpetration in Australian Secondary School Students
Developmental Impacts of Child Abuse and Neglect Related to Adult Mental Health, Substance Use, and Physical Health
Pathways From School Suspension to Adolescent Nonviolent Antisocial Behavior in Students in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States
School suspension is associated with school dropout, crime, delinquency, and alcohol and other drug use for the suspended student. Important research questions are how academic and related factors are relevant to the school suspension process and the generality of the process in different sites. State‐representative samples of Grade 7 students ( N = 1,945) in Washington State, United States and Victoria, Australia were followed from 2002 to 2004.…
Predictors and responses to the growth in physical violence during adolescence: A comparison of students in Washington state and Victoria, Australia
This study investigates patterns in violence over 3 time points in early- to mid-adolescence in 2 statewide representative samples of youth, one in Washington State, USA, and the other in Victoria, Australia. Comparable data collection methods in both states were used to cross-nationally compare patterns of violence, risk factors, and responses to violence (school suspensions and arrests) in 2 policy contexts. Risk factors include early use of al…
Multiple Identification and Risks: Examination of Peer Factors Across Multiracial and Single-Race Youth
A Review of Developmental Research on Resilience in Maltreated Children
Research demonstrates that child maltreatment can negatively impact the psychosocial functioning of individuals well beyond the point at which the trauma occurs. Fortunately, there is evidence that many children who are maltreated succeed in overcoming some of the possible consequences that can follow exposure to this particular form of adversity. Those who do are thought to be resilient. What it means to be resilient is an issue that researchers…
Person–Environment Interactions and the Shaping of Resilience
Reassessing the Effects of Early Adolescent Alcohol Use on Later Antisocial Behavior: A Longitudinal Study of Students in Victoria, Australia, and Washington State, United States
The effect of early adolescent alcohol use on antisocial behavior was examined at one- and two-year follow-up in Washington, United States and Victoria, Australia. Each state used the same methods to survey statewide representative samples of students (N = 1,858, 52% female) in 2002 (Grade 7 [G7]), 2003 (Grade 8 [G8]), and 2004 (Grade 9 [G9]). Rates of lifetime, current, frequent, and heavy episodic alcohol use were higher in Victoria than Washin…
Student and school factors associated with school suspension: A multilevel analysis of students in Victoria, Australia and Washington State, United States
Longitudinal Effects of School Drug Policies on Student Marijuana Use in Washington State and Victoria, Australia
Objectives. We examined the longitudinal effect of schools’ drug policies on student marijuana use. Methods. We used data from the International Youth Development Study, which surveyed state-representative samples of students from Victoria, Australia, and Washington State. In wave 1 (2002), students in grades 7 and 9 (n = 3264) and a school administrator from each participating school (n = 188) reported on school drug policies. In wave 2 (2003), …
Psychology (61 works) · Medicine (50 works) · Poison control (34 works) · Child Abuse and Trauma (33 works) · Developmental psychology (30 works) · Clinical Psychology (27 works) · Injury prevention (25 works) · Suicide prevention (25 works) · Psychiatry (23 works) · Social Psychology (21 works)