Anton E Kunst
Biographic Data
| ID | 273238 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Anton E Kunst |
| GIVEN NAMES | Anton E |
| FAMILY NAME | Kunst |
| SIGNATURE | KUNST A E |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Amsterdam |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3313-5273 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 188 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 1086 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 188 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1988 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 18 |
Banning tobacco sales in supermarkets: An evaluation of compliance and tobacco availability near supermarkets in three Dutch cities
After implementing the supermarket tobacco sales ban, there were fewer POS of tobacco around supermarkets in three Dutch cities, but this change did not demonstrably reduce availability within 200 m of supermarkets
Gender differences in smoking cessation support: A qualitative study of Dutch healthcare professionals’ experiences
Effectiveness of smoking cessation support differs between men and women. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the gender differences, this study aimed to investigate the experiences of professionals providing support, focusing on perceived variations by clients’ and professionals’ gender. In 2024, qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 professionals providing smoking cessation support in the Netherlands. Inter…
Suitability of smoking cessation support from social and community service organizations: Perspectives of Dutch clients
Social and community service organizations (SCSOs) may be a promising new environment to more successfully reach people with a lower socioeconomic position (SEP) for smoking cessation support. However, studies that investigate clients’ perspectives of the suitability of SCSOs as a setting to discuss smoking are scarce. This study aimed to (i) investigate the suitability of smoking cessation support provided by SCSOs, according to people with a lo…
The contribution of Dutch municipalities to stimulate smoke-free outdoor sports clubs: A qualitative study
Local governments may play a key role in making outdoor sports clubs smoke free. This study aims to assess the activities, motives, challenges and strategies of Dutch municipalities regarding stimulating outdoor sports clubs to become smoke free. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 policy officers of different municipalities in the Netherlands. The included municipalities varied in terms of region, population size and degree of urba…
Long-term trends in educational inequalities in alcohol-attributable mortality, and their impact on trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy
Background: Previous studies on socio-economic inequalities in mortality have documented a substantial contribution of alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM) to these inequalities. However, little is known about the extent to which AAM has contributed to time trends in socio-economic inequalities in mortality. Objective: To study long-term trends in educational inequalities in AAM and assessed their impact on trends in educational inequalities in l…
Trends in educational inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality and their impact on changes in general mortality inequalities: Evidence from England and Wales, Finland, and Italy (Turin)
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic mortality inequalities are persistent in Europe but have been changing over time. Smoking is a known contributor to inequality levels, but knowledge about its impact on time trends in inequalities is sparse. METHODS: We studied trends in educational inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality (SAM) and assessed their impact on general mortality inequality trends in England and Wales (E&W), Finland, and Italy (Turin) f…
The role of the local retail environment in the tobacco-purchasing behaviour of underage adolescents in Amsterdam
Objective: Despite a nationwide ban on tobacco sales to people under 18 years of age, adolescents can still buy tobacco products in Amsterdam. This study aimed to understand the influence of the retail environment in adolescents’ activity spaces on their tobacco-purchasing behaviour. Method: Interviews were conducted with 13 adolescents (aged 14–19 years) who went to school in Amsterdam and had ever bought tobacco products. Questions were based o…
The Covid-19 pandemic and temporal change in metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A natural experiment within the Helius study
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including the restrictive measures taken to reduce the spread of the virus, negatively affected people's health behavior. We explored whether the pandemic also had an effect on metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women and men. We conducted a natural experiment, using data from 6962 participants without CVD at baseline (2011-2015) of six ethnic groups of the HELIUS study in …
The emergence of socioeconomic inequalities in smoking during adolescence and early adulthood
These results highlight that actions to prevent smoking should also take in account the potential impact in smoking inequalities, and should focus not only on middle adolescence but also on late adolescence and early adulthood
Socioeconomic differences in tobacco outlet presence, density, and proximity in four cities in the Netherlands
In medium-sized cities in the Netherlands, tobacco outlets were more often located in low-SES neighbourhoods than high-SES. Amsterdam presented a reverse pattern, possibly due to its unique urban structure. We discuss how licensing might contribute to reducing tobacco outlets in low-SES neighbourhoods
Bans on tobacco display, advertising and vending machines in the Netherlands: Impact on visibility of tobacco and compliance of retailers
The bans on tobacco display and tobacco advertising halved the visibility of tobacco in the retail environment, and the vending machine ban practically eradicated vending machines. To further reduce tobacco visibility, violations in small shops should be addressed and tobacco visibility should be regulated in currently exempt tobacco specialist shops
Reversals in past long-term trends in educational inequalities in life expectancy for selected European countries
BACKGROUND: Across Europe, socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are large and persistent. To better understand the drivers of past trends in socioeconomic mortality inequalities, we identified phases and potential reversals in long-term trends in educational inequalities in remaining life expectancy at age 30 (e30), and assessed the contributions of mortality changes among the low-educated and the high-educated at different ages. METHODS: We u…
Inequalities in Covid-19 deaths by migration background during the first wave, interwave period and second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic: A closed cohort study of 17 million inhabitants of the Netherl…
BACKGROUND: It is not known how differences in COVID-19 deaths by migration background in the Netherlands evolved throughout the pandemic, especially after introduction of COVID-19 prevention measures targeted at populations with a migration background (in the second wave). We investigated associations between migration background and COVID-19 deaths across first wave of the pandemic, interwave period and second wave in the Netherlands. METHODS: …
Diffusion of smoke-free policies at outdoor sports clubs in the Netherlands
Outdoor SFPs at sports clubs in the Netherlands diffused across horizontal and hierarchical lines. National strategies for smoke-free sports should monitor clubs that are more likely to stay behind, such as football and tennis clubs, smaller clubs and clubs in less urbanised areas
Ex ante evaluation of the impact of tobacco control policy measures aimed at the point of sale in the Netherlands
A display ban and a sales ban in small outlets will contribute most to reducing tobacco outlet visibility and availability, assuming that no market shift towards other tobacco outlets will take place
Educational inequalities in exposure to tobacco promotion at the point of sale among adolescents in four Dutch cities
This study aimed to assess educational differences in adolescents' exposure to tobacco outlets. Data were collected among 312 13-17-year-old non-smoking secondary school students in four Dutch cities. In a smartphone app, exposure (≤10 m from outlet) was measured using GPS and participants reported their educational track (pre-vocational vs. pre-university). Associations were estimated in negative binomial regression models. Mean exposure to toba…
Socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health behaviours across 32 different countries - The role of country-level social mobility
Higher family affluence is associated with healthier behaviours in adolescents, but the strength of this association varies across countries. Differences in social mobility at the country-level, i.e. the extent to which adolescents develop a different socioeconomic status (SES) than their parents, may partially explain why the association between family affluence and adolescent health behaviours is stronger in some countries than in others. Using…
Socioeconomic Differences in Sympathovagal Balance: The Healthy Life in an Urban Setting Study
OBJECTIVE: Alterations in sympathovagal balance are associated with cardiovascular disease. If sympathovagal balance differs across socioeconomic groups, it may reflect a mechanism through which disparities in cardiovascular disease occur. We therefore assessed the association between education and occupation with measures of sympathovagal balance in a large multiethnic sample. METHODS: We included cross-sectional data of 10,202 South Asian Surin…
Smoke-Free Sports in The Netherlands: Why Most Sports Clubs Have Not Adopted an Outdoor Smoke-Free Policy
Background : Outdoor smoke-free policies (SFPs) at sports clubs represent an important new area of tobacco control, as many people, including youth, spend a large portion of their free time participating in sports. Nevertheless, the majority of sports clubs worldwide still have not adopted an outdoor SFP. The aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of key stakeholders at different Dutch sports clubs concerning the adoption of an outdoor S…
Do Diabetes Mellitus Differences Exist within Generations? Three Generations of Moluccans in The Netherlands
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be more prevalent among migrants compared to their host populations. It is unclear whether DM prevalence differs between generations among migrants. We investigated the differences in DM prevalence among three generations of Moluccans, who have been living for over 65 years in the Netherlands, compared to the Dutch population. Methods : In this cross-sectional study, data of a healthcare insurance da…
The association between socioeconomic position and vigorous physical activity among adolescents: A cross-sectional study in six European cities
This study showed that across European cities adolescent VPA is positively related to both family-based SEP and adolescents' own SEP. When analysing socioeconomic differences in adolescent VPA, one should consider the use of multiple indicators of SEP
Self-reported exposure of Indonesian adolescents to online and offline tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (Taps)
Overall TAPS exposure was high on both online and offline platforms. Banning online tobacco advertising, in addition to complete bans on outdoor and television advertising, is essential to adequately protect Indonesian adolescents from tobacco advertising
Implementation of an outdoor smoke-free policy at sports clubs: Critical situations and determinants influencing implementation
Implementation of an outdoor SFP at sports clubs is feasible because there is a high level of support and experiences are mainly positive. Nevertheless, some situations present challenges to compliance and enforcement. We identified a number of determinants that may facilitate implementation of an outdoor SFP at sports clubs
Using the realist approach to unravel the complexity of health programmes: The evaluation of smoke-free school policies as a case study
Numerous commentaries plea for the use of methods that take into account complexity when evaluating health programmes. These commentaries provide compelling arguments on why evaluations of health programmes should not rely exclusively on methods that were designed for making universal claims about whether and to what extent a policy is effective. However, there exist only few concrete examples showing how to take this complexity into account duri…
The contribution of service density and proximity to geographical inequalities in health care utilisation in Indonesia: A nation-wide multilevel analysis
BACKGROUND: Geographical inequalities in access to health care have only recently become a global health issue. Little evidence is available about their determinants. This study investigates the associations of service density and service proximity with health care utilisation in Indonesia and the parts they may play in geographic inequalities in health care use. METHODS: Using data from a nationally representative survey (N = 649 625), we conduc…
The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialized countries
OBJECTIVES. This study addresses the question of whether inequalities in premature mortality related to educational level differ among countries. METHODS. Data on mortality by educational level were obtained from longitudinal studies from nine industrialized countries. The data referred to men between 35 and 64 years of age. The follow-up periods occurred between 1970 and 1982. The size of mortality differences associated with educational level w…
Socioeconomic inequalities in morbidity among the elderly; a European overview
Health inequalities according to educational level in different welfare regimes: A comparison of 23 European countries
The object of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of educational health inequalities varies between European countries with different welfare regimes. The data source is based on the first and second wave of the European Social Survey. The first health indicator describes people's mental and physical health in general, while the second reports cases of any limiting longstanding illness. Educational inequalities in health were measur…
Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among women and among men: An international study
OBJECTIVES: This study compared differences in total and cause-specific mortality by educational level among women with those among men in 7 countries: the United States, Finland, Norway, Italy, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Estonia. METHODS: National data were obtained for the period ca. 1980 to ca. 1990. Age-adjusted rate ratios comparing a broad lower-educational group with a broad upper-educational group were calculated with Poisson regres…
Differences in self reported morbidity by educational level: A comparison of 11 western European countries
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there are variations between 11 Western European countries with respect to the size of differences in self reported morbidity between people with high and low educational levels. DESIGN AND METHODS: National representative data on morbidity by educational level were obtained from health interview surveys, level of living surveys or other similar surveys carried out between 1985 and 1993. Four morbidity indicator…
International variation in socioeconomic inequalities in self reported health
STUDY OBJECTIVE--To assess the extent to which the size of socioeconomic inequalities in self reported health varies among industrialised countries. DESIGN--Cross sectional data on the association between educational level and several health indicators were obtained from national health interview surveys. This association was quantified by means of an inequality index based on logistic regression analysis. SETTING--The national, non-institutional…
Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education
Objective: To examine whether trends in smoking behaviour in Western Europe between 1985 and 2000 differed by education group. Design: Data of smoking behaviour and education level were obtained from national cross sectional surveys conducted between 1985 and 2000 (a period characterised by intense tobacco control policies) and analysed for countries combined and each country separately. Annual trends in smoking prevalence and the quantity of cig…
A comparative appraisal of the relationship of education, income and housing tenure with less than good health among the elderly in Europe
Monitoring of trends in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality: Experiences from a European project
This paper presents estimates of changes in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality between the 1980s and the 1990s in nine European countries. The best available evidence shows that relative inequalities in mortality generally widened, while the absol
Mortality by occupational class among men 30–64years in 11 European countries
Gender, health inequalities and welfare state regimes: A cross-national study of 13 European countries
BACKGROUND: This study is the first to examine the relationship between gender and self-assessed health (SAH), and the extent to which this varies by socioeconomic position in different European welfare state regimes (Liberal, Corporatist, Social Democratic, Southern). METHODS: The EUROTHINE harmonised data set (based on representative cross-sectional national health surveys conducted between 1998 and 2004) was used to analyse SAH differences by …
The contribution of medical care to inequalities in health: Differences between socio-economic groups in decline of mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention
Mortality differences between the foreign-born and locally-born population in France (2004-2007)
Socioeconomic inequalities in health expectancy in Finland and Norway in the late 1980s
The contribution of perceived ethnic discrimination to the prevalence of depression
We conclude that PED contributes considerably to depression in ethnic minority groups in a European context. As such, ethnic inequalities in depression could be reduced substantially if ethnic minority groups would not perceive any ethnic discrimination. We encourage more European research on the health impact of PED
Effects of spouses' socioeconomic characteristics on mortality among men and women in a Norwegian longitudinal study
The effects of ill health on entering and maintaining paid employment: Evidence in European countries
Objectives: To examine the effects of ill health on selection into paid employment in European countries. Methods: Five annual waves (1994–8) of the European Community Household Panel were used to select two populations: (1) 4446 subjects unemployed for at least 2 years, of which 1590 (36%) subjects found employment in the next year, and (2) 57 436 subjects employed for at least 2 years, of which 6191 (11%) subjects left the workforce in the next…
Occupational class and ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States and 11 European countries
OBJECTIVES: Twelve countries were compared with respect to occupational class differences in ischemic heart disease mortality in order to identify factors that are associated with smaller or larger mortality differences. METHODS: Data on mortality by occupational class among men aged 30 to 64 years were obtained from national longitudinal or cross-sectional studies for the 1980s. A common occupational class scheme was applied to most countries. P…
Perceived ethnic discrimination and depressive symptoms: The Buffering Effects of Ethnic Identity, Religion and Ethnic Social Network
Socio-economic mortality differences in the Netherlands in 1950-1984: A regional study of cause-specific mortality
A European comparative study of marital status and socio-economic inequalities in suicide
Regional differences in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in The Netherlands: A comparison of four time periods
In The Netherlands, as in many other countries, important geographical variation in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention exists. Associations with a number of simple medical care supply characteristics (general practitioner density, hospital bed density, and percentage of regional hospital beds located in university and small hospitals) are generally weak and inconsistent, both before and after controlling for possible confo…
Post-1950 mortality trends and medical care: Gains in life expectancy due to declines in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in the Netherlands
The relationship between physical activity and the living environment: A multi-level analyses focusing on changes over time in environmental factors
Economic costs of health inequalities in the European Union
BACKGROUND: In order to support the case for inter-sectoral policies to tackle health inequalities, the authors explored the economic costs of socioeconomic inequalities in health in the European Union (EU). METHODS: Using recent data on inequalities in self-assessed health and mortality covering most of the EU, health losses due to socioeconomic inequalities in health were calculated by applying a counterfactual scenario in which the health of t…
Medical care and regional mortality differences within the countries of the European community
Regional differences in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in The Netherlands: A comparison of four time periods
In The Netherlands, as in many other countries, important geographical variation in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention exists. Associations with a number of simple medical care supply characteristics (general practitioner density, hospital bed density, and percentage of regional hospital beds located in university and small hospitals) are generally weak and inconsistent, both before and after controlling for possible confo…
Post-1950 mortality trends and medical care: Gains in life expectancy due to declines in mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention in the Netherlands
Geographic variation in the onset of decline of male ischemic heart disease mortality in The Netherlands
We studied variation in the year of onset of ischemic heart disease mortality decline among regions (n = 39) in the Netherlands. Using loglinear regression methods, a quadratic regression model was fitted to the observed numbers of male deaths in each region in the period 1950-84, controlling for changes in age-structure of populations. The quadratic regression model proved inadequate to describe the mortality experience of females. For the count…
The contribution of medical care to inequalities in health: Differences between socio-economic groups in decline of mortality from conditions amenable to medical intervention
Socio-economic mortality differences in the Netherlands in 1950-1984: A regional study of cause-specific mortality
Are regional mortality patterns in the Netherlands culturally determined
Geographical mortality variation within the Netherlands is dominated by a contiguous area of high mortality in the southeast. This pattern originated from the 19th century. In this analysis, it was examined whether this pattern is related to cultural and/or to socio-economic factors. In a multiple regression analysis, percentage of Roman-catholics, income level and degree of urbanization were related to geographical mortality differences in 1950-…
Cultural and economic determinants of geographical mortality patterns in The Netherlands
STUDY OBJECTIVE--The geographical pattern of mortality in The Netherlands is dominated by an area of relatively high mortality in the southern part of the country. The aim was to analyse the background of this geographical mortality pattern in the early 1980s, and its evolution over time since the early 1950s. DESIGN--Mortality data by district (n = 39), cause of death (13 large causes, "symptoms and ill defined conditions", all other causes), an…
Seasonal variation in mortality in The Netherlands
STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to describe the pattern of seasonal variation in all cause mortality in The Netherlands, and to analyse the contribution of specific causes of death to the winter excess of all cause mortality. DESIGN--Daily numbers of deaths in The Netherlands, by cause, were obtained for the period 1979-1987. Patterns of variation were analysed using Poisson regression. The model related the observed number of deaths to (1) the numb…
Air pollution, lagged effects of temperature, and mortality: The Netherlands 1979-87
OBJECTIVE--To explore whether the apparent low threshold for the mortality effects of air pollution could be the result of confounding. DESIGN--The associations between mortality and sulphur dioxide (SO2) were analysed taking into account potential confounding factors. SETTING--The Netherlands, 1979-87. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--The number of deaths listed by the day on which the death occurred and by the cause of death were obtained from th…
Determinants of regional differences in lung cancer mortality in the Netherlands
The size of mortality differences associated with educational level in nine industrialized countries
OBJECTIVES. This study addresses the question of whether inequalities in premature mortality related to educational level differ among countries. METHODS. Data on mortality by educational level were obtained from longitudinal studies from nine industrialized countries. The data referred to men between 35 and 64 years of age. The follow-up periods occurred between 1970 and 1982. The size of mortality differences associated with educational level w…
The association between two windchill indices and daily mortality variation in The Netherlands
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to compare temperature and two windchill indices with respect to the strength of their association with daily variation in mortality in the Netherlands during 1979 to 1987. The two windchill indices were those developed by Siple and Passel and by Steadman. METHODS. Daily numbers of cause-specific deaths were related to the meteorological variables by means of Poisson regression with control for influenza …
International variation in socioeconomic inequalities in self reported health
STUDY OBJECTIVE--To assess the extent to which the size of socioeconomic inequalities in self reported health varies among industrialised countries. DESIGN--Cross sectional data on the association between educational level and several health indicators were obtained from national health interview surveys. This association was quantified by means of an inequality index based on logistic regression analysis. SETTING--The national, non-institutional…
Socioeconomic inequalities in morbidity and mortality in western Europe
Measuring the magnitude of socio-economic inequalities in health: An overview of available measures illustrated with two examples from Europe
Socio-economic Differences in Risk Factors for Morbidity and Mortality in the European Community: An International Comparison
Variations in the size of socio economic differences in smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, infrequent vegetable consumption and overweight in 11 EU countries were studied using survey data for 1987-1991. International variations were found for most risk factors. Most remarkable was the North-South pattern found for smoking among women, and for smoking and vegetable consumption among men, with small or even positive associations in France and…
Differences in self reported morbidity by educational level: A comparison of 11 western European countries
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess whether there are variations between 11 Western European countries with respect to the size of differences in self reported morbidity between people with high and low educational levels. DESIGN AND METHODS: National representative data on morbidity by educational level were obtained from health interview surveys, level of living surveys or other similar surveys carried out between 1985 and 1993. Four morbidity indicator…
Mortality by occupational class among men 30–64years in 11 European countries
Socioeconomic inequalities in health expectancy in Finland and Norway in the late 1980s
Gains in life expectancy after elimination of major causes of death: Revised estimates taking into account the effect of competing causes
BACKGROUND: It is generally acknowledged that conventional estimates of the potential number of life years to be gained by elimination of causes of death are too generous. This is because these estimates fail to take into account the fact that those who are saved from the cause are likely to have one or more other conditions ("competing" causes of death), which may increase their risks of dying. It is unknown to what extent this introduces bias i…
Occupational class and ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States and 11 European countries
OBJECTIVES: Twelve countries were compared with respect to occupational class differences in ischemic heart disease mortality in order to identify factors that are associated with smaller or larger mortality differences. METHODS: Data on mortality by occupational class among men aged 30 to 64 years were obtained from national longitudinal or cross-sectional studies for the 1980s. A common occupational class scheme was applied to most countries. P…
Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality among women and among men: An international study
OBJECTIVES: This study compared differences in total and cause-specific mortality by educational level among women with those among men in 7 countries: the United States, Finland, Norway, Italy, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Estonia. METHODS: National data were obtained for the period ca. 1980 to ca. 1990. Age-adjusted rate ratios comparing a broad lower-educational group with a broad upper-educational group were calculated with Poisson regres…
Persistent variations in average height between countries and between socio-economic groups: An overview of 10 European countries
The persistence of international differences in average height into the youngest birth cohorts indicates a high degree of continuity of differences between countries in childhood living conditions. Similarly, the persistence of education-related height differences indicates continuity of socio-economic differences in childhood living conditions, and also suggests that socio-economic differences in childhood living conditions will continue to cont…
The impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality rates in the Dutch population.
We conducted the study described in this paper to investigate the impact of ambient temperature on mortality in the Netherlands during 1979-1997, the impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality in particular, and the possibility of any heat wave- or cold spell-induced forward displacement of mortality. We found a V-like relationship between mortality and temperature, with an optimum temperature value (e.g., average temperature with lowest m…
Medicine (170 works) · Demography (129 works) · Environmental health (128 works) · Population (109 works) · Health disparities and outcomes (105 works) · Sociology (78 works) · Demography (72 works) · Socioeconomic status (67 works) · Inequality (66 works) · Geography (60 works)