J Douglas Willms
Biographic Data
| ID | 274004 |
|---|---|
| NAME | J Douglas Willms |
| GIVEN NAMES | J Douglas |
| FAMILY NAME | Willms |
| SIGNATURE | WILLMS J D |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of New Brunswick |
| ORCID | 0009-0003-1017-1401 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 28 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 368 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 28 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1985 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2015 |
| H-INDEX | 9 |
Engagement and Guidance
Problems with inattention, physical aggression, and poor cognitive skills when children enter school can have long-term negative effects on their development. In this study, we address the issues of whether and how parental engagement and guidance are related to children's behavioral and cognitive problems throughout elementary school. The analyses are based on data from nearly 10,000 children aged 6 to 11 years followed longitudinally in the Nat…
The Family Antecedents and the Subsequent Outcomes of Early Puberty
Cultural capital and its effects on education outcomes
School Composition and Contextual Effects on Student Outcomes
Background Findings from several international studies have shown that there is a significant relationship between literacy skills and socioeconomic status (SES). Research has also shown that schools differ considerably in their student outcomes, even after taking account of students’ ability and family background. The context or learning environment of a school or classroom is an important determinant of the rate at which children learn. The lit…
Without order, anything goes? The prohibition of forced displacement in non-international armed conflict
At first glance, merely the ‘ordering’ of displacement seems to be prohibited in non-international armed conflict. However, after interpreting Article 17(1) AP II and Rule 129(B) of the ICRC Customary Law Study with particular regard to State practice and opinio juris , the author concludes that these norms prohibit forced displacement regardless of whether it is ordered or not. On the other hand, the ICC Elements of Crimes for the crime of force…
The Use of Propensity Scores as a Matching Strategy
Objectives: This study reports on the concept and method of linear propensity scores used to obtain a comparison group from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to assess the effects of a longitudinal, structured arts program for Canadian youth (aged 9 to 15 years) from low-income, multicultural communities. Method: This study compares 183 children in a community arts project to 183 children from a national longitudinal survey u…
Mothering and Domestic Violence
Adolescent Children of Adolescent Mothers
Patterns and Correlates of Pubertal Development in Canadian Youth
Community unemployment and immigrants' health in Montreal
Vulnerable Children
School Disciplinary Climate
Seven dimensions of school disciplinary climate were identified based on a representative sample of grade 8 students in the United States. Within schools students varied considerably in their perceptions and experiences about discipline. The variation was related mainly to students' socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and ethnicity. There was a significant contextual effect of school mean SES on disciplinary climate, larger titan the individual effe…
Is the Canadian childhood obesity epidemic related to physical inactivity?
Impact Evaluation of a National, Community-Based Program for At-Risk Children in Canada
The Community Action Program for Children (CAPC) is a core component of the Government of Canada's Child Development Initiative announced in 1992. CAPC funds community agencies across Canada to develop early intervention initiatives to promote the health and development of young children at developmental risk. Results from the national evaluation study, presented in this report, suggest that health benefits accruing over a two-year period to fami…
Women’s Adaptation to Chronic Back Pain
Daily diary methodology was used to examine within- and between-person associations among pain appraisals, coping strategies, personal characteristics, perceived spousal responses and daily (30 days) changes in negative mood and pain for 88 women with chronic back pain. Multilevel models revealed that control appraisals and distraction and ignoring pain coping strategies were associated with same-day reductions in negative mood and pain; whereas …
Co‐operation between families and schools
Current parent‐school co‐operation initiatives across Canada were reviewed, classified, and discussed using Epstein's ‘six types of involvement’ as an organizing framework. Data for the study were obtained through interviews with representatives from each of the ten provincial Departments of Education, and through an analysis of government documents, pamphlets, and educational literature. The analysis examined the level, type, and direction of pa…
Effects of Parental Involvement on Eighth-Grade Achievement
Les AA. s'interrogent sur l'influence et le role des parents en ce qui concerne l'education et la reussite scolaire des enfants. Ils s'interrogent plus particulierement sur l'impact du statut socio-economique. Ils presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees aux Etats-Unis concernant des eleves de college. Ils constatent que si l'assistance aux reunions pedagogiques est variable, en revanche, la surveillance et l'aide aux devoirs octroyee p…
Reasons for school choice in Scotland
This study examines the reasons a sample of Scottish parents gave for rejecting their designated secondary school and choosing a different one. A consistent theme in the findings is the importance of parental socio‐economic status (SES). It was related to the reasons for rejecting the local school and for selecting a different school, and to the degree of importance accorded different sources of information. Reasons pertaining to social and reput…
A multilevel model for community segregation
Segregation indices can be modelled statistically by using bootstrap re‐sampling along with multilevel modelling. Computer software is now available to accomplish this straightforwardly. Examples are provided from measurements of social‐class segregation among Scottish secondary‐school pupils. The modelling shows that some of the differences in segregation between communities can be attributed to characteristics of the communities. Extensions of …
Schools, Classrooms, and Pupils
Parental choice in Scotland
.
The Effects of Ability Grouping on the Ethnic Achievement Gap in Israeli Elementary Schools
This study examined the achievement levels in arithmetic and verbal proficiency of over 2,000 grade 6 students in 24 Israeli elementary schools. The analysis employed a hierarchical linear regression model to estimate the size of the achievement gap between Sephardi and Ashkenazi students, and overall levels of achievement, after adjusting for measurement error and for students' family background characteristics and prior achievement. The study f…
Schooling the Discouraged Worker
This paper tests the hypothesis of a 'discouraged worker' effect, whereby local unemployment discourages 16 year-olds from leaving school, among a recent sample of young people in Scotland. The analysis supports the hypothesis: ceteris paribus young people were more likely to stay on at school, the higher the local unemployment rate. Local unemployment was also associated with lower school attainment: its positive direct effect on staying on may …
Changes in Sex Differences in Scottish Examination Results since 1976
This study describes trends in the size and distribution of sex differences between Scottish secondary pupils in their national certificate examination results between 1976 and 1984. It also examines the relationship between sex differences and social class, and between sex differences and geographical location. We employ data from the Scottish School Leavers Surveys which describe three nationally representative samples of pupils who left school…
Equalisation and Improvement
This study examines the effects of the later stages of comprehensive reorganisation in Scotland. Nationally representative samples show that standards of attainment rose, particularly among females and pupils of lower socioeconomic status (SES). The rise was faster than could be accounted for by the rise in average SES. Inequalities of attainment associated with SES varied between communities but, overall, they declined for both males and females…
Effects of Parental Involvement on Eighth-Grade Achievement
Les AA. s'interrogent sur l'influence et le role des parents en ce qui concerne l'education et la reussite scolaire des enfants. Ils s'interrogent plus particulierement sur l'impact du statut socio-economique. Ils presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees aux Etats-Unis concernant des eleves de college. Ils constatent que si l'assistance aux reunions pedagogiques est variable, en revanche, la surveillance et l'aide aux devoirs octroyee p…
Social Class Segregation and Its Relationship to Pupils' Examination Results in Scotland
In 1965 Scotland began to reorganize its secondary education along comprehensive lines by abolishing selective transfer to secondary school. Ten years later the process was substantially completed. This study describes the socioeconomic composition of Scotland's school towards the end of the 1970s and examines the relationship between school composition and pupils' grades and attainment in the Scottish Certificate of Education examinations. The s…
Mothering and Domestic Violence
Equalisation and Improvement
This study examines the effects of the later stages of comprehensive reorganisation in Scotland. Nationally representative samples show that standards of attainment rose, particularly among females and pupils of lower socioeconomic status (SES). The rise was faster than could be accounted for by the rise in average SES. Inequalities of attainment associated with SES varied between communities but, overall, they declined for both males and females…
Parental choice in Scotland
.
Catholic-School Effects on Academic Achievement
This study compares the growth in academic achievement of publicand Catholic-school students during their last two years of high school. The study uses the High School and Beyond data on over 20,000 students who participated in the 1980 base-year study and the 1982 follow-up study. Previous studies of publicand private-school effectiveness, including the controversial Coleman, Hoffer, and Kilgore (1981) study, have been limited to the 1980 cross-…
Schooling the Discouraged Worker
This paper tests the hypothesis of a 'discouraged worker' effect, whereby local unemployment discourages 16 year-olds from leaving school, among a recent sample of young people in Scotland. The analysis supports the hypothesis: ceteris paribus young people were more likely to stay on at school, the higher the local unemployment rate. Local unemployment was also associated with lower school attainment: its positive direct effect on staying on may …
Reasons for school choice in Scotland
This study examines the reasons a sample of Scottish parents gave for rejecting their designated secondary school and choosing a different one. A consistent theme in the findings is the importance of parental socio‐economic status (SES). It was related to the reasons for rejecting the local school and for selecting a different school, and to the degree of importance accorded different sources of information. Reasons pertaining to social and reput…
Community unemployment and immigrants' health in Montreal
Adolescent Children of Adolescent Mothers
The Effects of Ability Grouping on the Ethnic Achievement Gap in Israeli Elementary Schools
This study examined the achievement levels in arithmetic and verbal proficiency of over 2,000 grade 6 students in 24 Israeli elementary schools. The analysis employed a hierarchical linear regression model to estimate the size of the achievement gap between Sephardi and Ashkenazi students, and overall levels of achievement, after adjusting for measurement error and for students' family background characteristics and prior achievement. The study f…
School Effects in Scottish Secondary Schools
The present paper examines whether there is significant variation in schooling outcomes between Scottish secondary schools, and if so, how much is associated with pupil intake, and how much is associated with the schools they attend. It also examines whether schools vary in their effectiveness for different types of pupils, and whether schools tend to be superior, or inferior, across three different outcome measures. The study employed a subsampl…
Patterns and Correlates of Pubertal Development in Canadian Youth
Women’s Adaptation to Chronic Back Pain
Daily diary methodology was used to examine within- and between-person associations among pain appraisals, coping strategies, personal characteristics, perceived spousal responses and daily (30 days) changes in negative mood and pain for 88 women with chronic back pain. Multilevel models revealed that control appraisals and distraction and ignoring pain coping strategies were associated with same-day reductions in negative mood and pain; whereas …
Without order, anything goes? The prohibition of forced displacement in non-international armed conflict
At first glance, merely the ‘ordering’ of displacement seems to be prohibited in non-international armed conflict. However, after interpreting Article 17(1) AP II and Rule 129(B) of the ICRC Customary Law Study with particular regard to State practice and opinio juris , the author concludes that these norms prohibit forced displacement regardless of whether it is ordered or not. On the other hand, the ICC Elements of Crimes for the crime of force…
The Use of Propensity Scores as a Matching Strategy
Objectives: This study reports on the concept and method of linear propensity scores used to obtain a comparison group from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to assess the effects of a longitudinal, structured arts program for Canadian youth (aged 9 to 15 years) from low-income, multicultural communities. Method: This study compares 183 children in a community arts project to 183 children from a national longitudinal survey u…
A multilevel model for community segregation
Segregation indices can be modelled statistically by using bootstrap re‐sampling along with multilevel modelling. Computer software is now available to accomplish this straightforwardly. Examples are provided from measurements of social‐class segregation among Scottish secondary‐school pupils. The modelling shows that some of the differences in segregation between communities can be attributed to characteristics of the communities. Extensions of …
Changes in Sex Differences in Scottish Examination Results since 1976
This study describes trends in the size and distribution of sex differences between Scottish secondary pupils in their national certificate examination results between 1976 and 1984. It also examines the relationship between sex differences and social class, and between sex differences and geographical location. We employ data from the Scottish School Leavers Surveys which describe three nationally representative samples of pupils who left school…
The Family Antecedents and the Subsequent Outcomes of Early Puberty
Impact Evaluation of a National, Community-Based Program for At-Risk Children in Canada
The Community Action Program for Children (CAPC) is a core component of the Government of Canada's Child Development Initiative announced in 1992. CAPC funds community agencies across Canada to develop early intervention initiatives to promote the health and development of young children at developmental risk. Results from the national evaluation study, presented in this report, suggest that health benefits accruing over a two-year period to fami…
Engagement and Guidance
Problems with inattention, physical aggression, and poor cognitive skills when children enter school can have long-term negative effects on their development. In this study, we address the issues of whether and how parental engagement and guidance are related to children's behavioral and cognitive problems throughout elementary school. The analyses are based on data from nearly 10,000 children aged 6 to 11 years followed longitudinally in the Nat…
School Disciplinary Climate
Seven dimensions of school disciplinary climate were identified based on a representative sample of grade 8 students in the United States. Within schools students varied considerably in their perceptions and experiences about discipline. The variation was related mainly to students' socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and ethnicity. There was a significant contextual effect of school mean SES on disciplinary climate, larger titan the individual effe…
Co‐operation between families and schools
Current parent‐school co‐operation initiatives across Canada were reviewed, classified, and discussed using Epstein's ‘six types of involvement’ as an organizing framework. Data for the study were obtained through interviews with representatives from each of the ten provincial Departments of Education, and through an analysis of government documents, pamphlets, and educational literature. The analysis examined the level, type, and direction of pa…
School Effects in Scottish Secondary Schools
The present paper examines whether there is significant variation in schooling outcomes between Scottish secondary schools, and if so, how much is associated with pupil intake, and how much is associated with the schools they attend. It also examines whether schools vary in their effectiveness for different types of pupils, and whether schools tend to be superior, or inferior, across three different outcome measures. The study employed a subsampl…
Catholic-School Effects on Academic Achievement
This study compares the growth in academic achievement of publicand Catholic-school students during their last two years of high school. The study uses the High School and Beyond data on over 20,000 students who participated in the 1980 base-year study and the 1982 follow-up study. Previous studies of publicand private-school effectiveness, including the controversial Coleman, Hoffer, and Kilgore (1981) study, have been limited to the 1980 cross-…
Social Class Segregation and Its Relationship to Pupils' Examination Results in Scotland
In 1965 Scotland began to reorganize its secondary education along comprehensive lines by abolishing selective transfer to secondary school. Ten years later the process was substantially completed. This study describes the socioeconomic composition of Scotland's school towards the end of the 1970s and examines the relationship between school composition and pupils' grades and attainment in the Scottish Certificate of Education examinations. The s…
Changes in Sex Differences in Scottish Examination Results since 1976
This study describes trends in the size and distribution of sex differences between Scottish secondary pupils in their national certificate examination results between 1976 and 1984. It also examines the relationship between sex differences and social class, and between sex differences and geographical location. We employ data from the Scottish School Leavers Surveys which describe three nationally representative samples of pupils who left school…
Equalisation and Improvement
This study examines the effects of the later stages of comprehensive reorganisation in Scotland. Nationally representative samples show that standards of attainment rose, particularly among females and pupils of lower socioeconomic status (SES). The rise was faster than could be accounted for by the rise in average SES. Inequalities of attainment associated with SES varied between communities but, overall, they declined for both males and females…
The Effects of Ability Grouping on the Ethnic Achievement Gap in Israeli Elementary Schools
This study examined the achievement levels in arithmetic and verbal proficiency of over 2,000 grade 6 students in 24 Israeli elementary schools. The analysis employed a hierarchical linear regression model to estimate the size of the achievement gap between Sephardi and Ashkenazi students, and overall levels of achievement, after adjusting for measurement error and for students' family background characteristics and prior achievement. The study f…
Schooling the Discouraged Worker
This paper tests the hypothesis of a 'discouraged worker' effect, whereby local unemployment discourages 16 year-olds from leaving school, among a recent sample of young people in Scotland. The analysis supports the hypothesis: ceteris paribus young people were more likely to stay on at school, the higher the local unemployment rate. Local unemployment was also associated with lower school attainment: its positive direct effect on staying on may …
Parental choice in Scotland
.
Schools, Classrooms, and Pupils
Reasons for school choice in Scotland
This study examines the reasons a sample of Scottish parents gave for rejecting their designated secondary school and choosing a different one. A consistent theme in the findings is the importance of parental socio‐economic status (SES). It was related to the reasons for rejecting the local school and for selecting a different school, and to the degree of importance accorded different sources of information. Reasons pertaining to social and reput…
A multilevel model for community segregation
Segregation indices can be modelled statistically by using bootstrap re‐sampling along with multilevel modelling. Computer software is now available to accomplish this straightforwardly. Examples are provided from measurements of social‐class segregation among Scottish secondary‐school pupils. The modelling shows that some of the differences in segregation between communities can be attributed to characteristics of the communities. Extensions of …
Effects of Parental Involvement on Eighth-Grade Achievement
Les AA. s'interrogent sur l'influence et le role des parents en ce qui concerne l'education et la reussite scolaire des enfants. Ils s'interrogent plus particulierement sur l'impact du statut socio-economique. Ils presentent un certain nombre de donnees collectees aux Etats-Unis concernant des eleves de college. Ils constatent que si l'assistance aux reunions pedagogiques est variable, en revanche, la surveillance et l'aide aux devoirs octroyee p…
Co‐operation between families and schools
Current parent‐school co‐operation initiatives across Canada were reviewed, classified, and discussed using Epstein's ‘six types of involvement’ as an organizing framework. Data for the study were obtained through interviews with representatives from each of the ten provincial Departments of Education, and through an analysis of government documents, pamphlets, and educational literature. The analysis examined the level, type, and direction of pa…
Impact Evaluation of a National, Community-Based Program for At-Risk Children in Canada
The Community Action Program for Children (CAPC) is a core component of the Government of Canada's Child Development Initiative announced in 1992. CAPC funds community agencies across Canada to develop early intervention initiatives to promote the health and development of young children at developmental risk. Results from the national evaluation study, presented in this report, suggest that health benefits accruing over a two-year period to fami…
Women’s Adaptation to Chronic Back Pain
Daily diary methodology was used to examine within- and between-person associations among pain appraisals, coping strategies, personal characteristics, perceived spousal responses and daily (30 days) changes in negative mood and pain for 88 women with chronic back pain. Multilevel models revealed that control appraisals and distraction and ignoring pain coping strategies were associated with same-day reductions in negative mood and pain; whereas …
Is the Canadian childhood obesity epidemic related to physical inactivity?
Vulnerable Children
School Disciplinary Climate
Seven dimensions of school disciplinary climate were identified based on a representative sample of grade 8 students in the United States. Within schools students varied considerably in their perceptions and experiences about discipline. The variation was related mainly to students' socioeconomic status (SES), sex, and ethnicity. There was a significant contextual effect of school mean SES on disciplinary climate, larger titan the individual effe…
Community unemployment and immigrants' health in Montreal
The Use of Propensity Scores as a Matching Strategy
Objectives: This study reports on the concept and method of linear propensity scores used to obtain a comparison group from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth to assess the effects of a longitudinal, structured arts program for Canadian youth (aged 9 to 15 years) from low-income, multicultural communities. Method: This study compares 183 children in a community arts project to 183 children from a national longitudinal survey u…
Mothering and Domestic Violence
Adolescent Children of Adolescent Mothers
Patterns and Correlates of Pubertal Development in Canadian Youth
Without order, anything goes? The prohibition of forced displacement in non-international armed conflict
At first glance, merely the ‘ordering’ of displacement seems to be prohibited in non-international armed conflict. However, after interpreting Article 17(1) AP II and Rule 129(B) of the ICRC Customary Law Study with particular regard to State practice and opinio juris , the author concludes that these norms prohibit forced displacement regardless of whether it is ordered or not. On the other hand, the ICC Elements of Crimes for the crime of force…
Cultural capital and its effects on education outcomes
Psychology (21 works) · Sociology (17 works) · Developmental psychology (12 works) · Political science (11 works) · Demography (10 works) · School Choice and Performance (10 works) · Medicine (9 works) · Mathematics education (7 works) · Parental Involvement in Education (7 works) · Early Childhood Education and Development (6 works)