Beth Shapiro
Biographic Data
| ID | 274921 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Beth Shapiro |
| GIVEN NAMES | Beth |
| FAMILY NAME | Shapiro |
| SIGNATURE | SHAPIRO B |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of California, Santa Cruz |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2733-7776 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 25 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 47 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 24 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 1 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1980 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2022 |
| H-INDEX | 5 |
Archaeological Recovery of Late Pleistocene Hair and Environmental DNA from Interior Alaska
Ancient hair and remnant plant DNA are important environmental proxies that preserve for millennia in specific archaeological contexts. However, recovery has been rare from late Pleistocene sites and more may be found if deliberately sought. Once discovered, singular hair fragments are not easily identified to taxa through comparative analyses and environmental DNA (eDNA) extraction can be difficult depending on preservation or contamination. In …
The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes
Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare 1 . However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence of bridling, milking and corralling 2–4 at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 bc 3 . Other longstanding candidate regions for horse domestication, such as Iberia 5 and Anatolia 6 , have also recently been challenged. Thus, the genetic,…
Ancient DNA-based sex determination of bison hide moccasins indicates Promontory cave occupants selected female hides for footwear
The thirteenth-century human occupants of the Promontory caves, Utah, distinguished themselves from surrounding Fremont populations by being successful hunting specialists of bison in a region normally peripheral for that species. The hunters’ success is evident from the abundance of faunal remains excavated from the dry caves. The dry cave conditions also preserved hundreds of worn moccasins, which are of particular interest because of the Canad…
Hétérogénéité des ascendances mésolithiques et steppiques dans des génomes d'individus du Néolithique et du Campaniforme du territoire français
Les transitions archéologiques se caractérisent notamment par d’importants changements démographiques et sociétaux, qui peuvent avoir des répercussions à l’échelle du génome des individus. Ainsi, la transition du Néolithique à l’âge du Bronze s’est accompagnée de contributions génomiques massives d’éleveurs originaires des steppes pontico-caspiennes aux populations locales, ces dernières résultant d’interactions complexes entre chasseurs-cueilleu…
Isotopic Evidence for Long-Distance Connections of the AD Thirteenth-Century Promontory Caves Occupants
The Promontory caves (Utah) and Franktown Cave (Colorado) contain high-fidelity records of short-term occupations by groups with material culture connections to the Subarctic/Northern Plains. This research uses Promontory and Franktown bison dung, hair, hide, and bone collagen to establish local baseline carbon isotopic variability and identify leather from a distant source. The ankle wrap of one Promontory Cave 1 moccasin had a δ13C value that i…
A probable prehistoric case of meningococcal disease from San Francisco Bay
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle
The skull of the extinct rhinoceros Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) was discovered in the Chondon River valley (Arctic Yakutia, Russia) during the summer of 2014. This is the first find of Stephanorhinus above the Arctic Circle, expanding significantly the known geographic range of the genus. 14 C dating and geologic evidence indicate that the skull dates to between 48,000 and 70,000 yr, corresponding to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 4/…
The Zhenya Mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius (Blum.))
The effects of demineralisation and sampling point variability on the measurement of glutamine deamidation in type I collagen extracted from bone
Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats
The extinct cave lion (Panthera spelaea) was an apex predator of the Pleistocene, and one of the largest felid species ever to exist. We report the first mitochondrial genome sequences for this species, derived from two Beringian specimens, one of which has been radiocarbon dated to 29,860 ± 210 14C a BP. Phylogenetic analysis confirms the placement of the cave lion as the sister taxon to populations of the modern lion (P. leo). Using newly recov…
An ancient bison from the mouth of the Rauchua River (Chukotka, Russia)
An incomplete carcass of an extinct bison, Bison ex gr. priscus , was discovered in 2012 in the mouth of the Rauchua River (69°30′N, 166°49′E), Chukotka. The carcass included the rump with two hind limbs, ribs, and large flap of hide from the abdomen and sides, several vertebrae, bones of the forelimbs and anterior autopodia, stomach with its contents, and wool. The limb bones are relatively gracile, which is unusual in bison, and a SEM study of …
How to Clone a Mammoth
How to Clone a Mammoth
Could extinct species, like mammoths and passenger pigeons, be brought back to life? The science says yes. In How to Clone a Mammoth, Beth Shapiro, evolutionary biologist and pioneer in "ancient DNA" research, walks readers through the astonishing and controversial process of de-extinction. From deciding which species should be restored, to sequencing their genomes, to anticipating how revived populations might be overseen in the wild, Shapiro vi…
Amplification of TruSeq ancient DNA libraries with AccuPrime Pfx
Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have enabled the reconstruction of complete genome sequence and nucleosome and methylation maps from ancient individuals. A diversity of degradation reactions affect DNA molecules after an organism dies, introducing specific nucleotide misincorporation patterns in HTS data that are typically exploited to distinguish modern contaminants and authentic DNA templates. In this study,…
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs
Dog Domestication The precise details of the domestication and origins of domestic dogs are unclear. Thalmann et al. (p. 871 ; see the cover) analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes from present-day dogs and wolves, as well as 18 fossil canids dating from 1000 to 36,000 years ago from the Old and New Worlds. The data suggest that an ancient, now extinct, central European population of wolves was directly ancestral to domestic dogs. Furthermore, s…
Ancient DNA
Research into ancient DNA began more than 25 years ago with the publication of short mitochondrial DNA sequence fragments from the quagga, an extinct relative of the zebra. Ancient DNA research really
Ancient DNA Reveals Genetic Continuity in Mountain Woodland Caribou of the Mackenzie and Selwyn Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada
We examine the mitochondrial genetic stability of mountain woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in the Mackenzie and Selwyn Mountains, Northwest Territories, over the last 4000 years. Unlike caribou populations in the Yukon, populations in the Northwest Territories show no evidence for mitochondrial genetic turnover during that period, which indicates that they were not adversely affected by the widespread deposition of the White River te…
Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans
The earliest evidence for anatomically modern humans in northwestern Europe
Ancient DNA confirms a local origin of domesticated chenopod in eastern North America
Ancient DNA typing of archaeological pig remains corroborates historical records
Post-mortem DNA damage hotspots in Bison (Bison bison) provide evidence for both damage and mutational hotspots in human mitochondrial DNA
Rise and Fall of the Beringian Steppe Bison
The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that questions this assumption. We used ancient DNA and Bayesian techniques to reconstruct a detailed genetic history of bison throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Our analyses depict a large diverse population living throughout Beringia until around 37,000 years…
Beringia as an Ice Age genetic museum
Thousands of Late Pleistocene remains are found in sites throughout Beringia. These specimens comprise an Ice Age genetic museum, and the DNA contained within them provide a means to observe evolutionary processes within populations over geologically significant time scales. Phylogenetic analyses can identify the taxonomic positions of extinct species and provide estimates of speciation dates. Geographic and temporal divisions apparent in the gen…
Unitization of spontaneous nonverbal behavior in the study of emotion communication
Videotapes of spontaneous facial and gestural reactions to affective slides were segmented by observers using a group adaptation of Newtson's unitization technique. In Experiment 1, 46 females and 35 males segmented the expressions of a variety of children and adults; in Experiment 2, 50 males segmented the expressions of high- versus low-expressive male and female senders. Results demonstrated that the unitization technique applied to emotion ex…
The Zhenya Mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius (Blum.))
Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats
The extinct cave lion (Panthera spelaea) was an apex predator of the Pleistocene, and one of the largest felid species ever to exist. We report the first mitochondrial genome sequences for this species, derived from two Beringian specimens, one of which has been radiocarbon dated to 29,860 ± 210 14C a BP. Phylogenetic analysis confirms the placement of the cave lion as the sister taxon to populations of the modern lion (P. leo). Using newly recov…
Ancient DNA confirms a local origin of domesticated chenopod in eastern North America
Isotopic Evidence for Long-Distance Connections of the AD Thirteenth-Century Promontory Caves Occupants
The Promontory caves (Utah) and Franktown Cave (Colorado) contain high-fidelity records of short-term occupations by groups with material culture connections to the Subarctic/Northern Plains. This research uses Promontory and Franktown bison dung, hair, hide, and bone collagen to establish local baseline carbon isotopic variability and identify leather from a distant source. The ankle wrap of one Promontory Cave 1 moccasin had a δ13C value that i…
The effects of demineralisation and sampling point variability on the measurement of glutamine deamidation in type I collagen extracted from bone
Post-mortem DNA damage hotspots in Bison (Bison bison) provide evidence for both damage and mutational hotspots in human mitochondrial DNA
Archaeological Recovery of Late Pleistocene Hair and Environmental DNA from Interior Alaska
Ancient hair and remnant plant DNA are important environmental proxies that preserve for millennia in specific archaeological contexts. However, recovery has been rare from late Pleistocene sites and more may be found if deliberately sought. Once discovered, singular hair fragments are not easily identified to taxa through comparative analyses and environmental DNA (eDNA) extraction can be difficult depending on preservation or contamination. In …
Ancient DNA-based sex determination of bison hide moccasins indicates Promontory cave occupants selected female hides for footwear
The thirteenth-century human occupants of the Promontory caves, Utah, distinguished themselves from surrounding Fremont populations by being successful hunting specialists of bison in a region normally peripheral for that species. The hunters’ success is evident from the abundance of faunal remains excavated from the dry caves. The dry cave conditions also preserved hundreds of worn moccasins, which are of particular interest because of the Canad…
Ancient DNA typing of archaeological pig remains corroborates historical records
Unitization of spontaneous nonverbal behavior in the study of emotion communication
Videotapes of spontaneous facial and gestural reactions to affective slides were segmented by observers using a group adaptation of Newtson's unitization technique. In Experiment 1, 46 females and 35 males segmented the expressions of a variety of children and adults; in Experiment 2, 50 males segmented the expressions of high- versus low-expressive male and female senders. Results demonstrated that the unitization technique applied to emotion ex…
Beringia as an Ice Age genetic museum
Thousands of Late Pleistocene remains are found in sites throughout Beringia. These specimens comprise an Ice Age genetic museum, and the DNA contained within them provide a means to observe evolutionary processes within populations over geologically significant time scales. Phylogenetic analyses can identify the taxonomic positions of extinct species and provide estimates of speciation dates. Geographic and temporal divisions apparent in the gen…
Rise and Fall of the Beringian Steppe Bison
The widespread extinctions of large mammals at the end of the Pleistocene epoch have often been attributed to the depredations of humans; here we present genetic evidence that questions this assumption. We used ancient DNA and Bayesian techniques to reconstruct a detailed genetic history of bison throughout the late Pleistocene and Holocene epochs. Our analyses depict a large diverse population living throughout Beringia until around 37,000 years…
Post-mortem DNA damage hotspots in Bison (Bison bison) provide evidence for both damage and mutational hotspots in human mitochondrial DNA
Ancient DNA typing of archaeological pig remains corroborates historical records
Species-specific responses of Late Quaternary megafauna to climate and humans
The earliest evidence for anatomically modern humans in northwestern Europe
Ancient DNA confirms a local origin of domesticated chenopod in eastern North America
Ancient DNA
Research into ancient DNA began more than 25 years ago with the publication of short mitochondrial DNA sequence fragments from the quagga, an extinct relative of the zebra. Ancient DNA research really
Ancient DNA Reveals Genetic Continuity in Mountain Woodland Caribou of the Mackenzie and Selwyn Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada
We examine the mitochondrial genetic stability of mountain woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in the Mackenzie and Selwyn Mountains, Northwest Territories, over the last 4000 years. Unlike caribou populations in the Yukon, populations in the Northwest Territories show no evidence for mitochondrial genetic turnover during that period, which indicates that they were not adversely affected by the widespread deposition of the White River te…
Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Ancient Canids Suggest a European Origin of Domestic Dogs
Dog Domestication The precise details of the domestication and origins of domestic dogs are unclear. Thalmann et al. (p. 871 ; see the cover) analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes from present-day dogs and wolves, as well as 18 fossil canids dating from 1000 to 36,000 years ago from the Old and New Worlds. The data suggest that an ancient, now extinct, central European population of wolves was directly ancestral to domestic dogs. Furthermore, s…
An ancient bison from the mouth of the Rauchua River (Chukotka, Russia)
An incomplete carcass of an extinct bison, Bison ex gr. priscus , was discovered in 2012 in the mouth of the Rauchua River (69°30′N, 166°49′E), Chukotka. The carcass included the rump with two hind limbs, ribs, and large flap of hide from the abdomen and sides, several vertebrae, bones of the forelimbs and anterior autopodia, stomach with its contents, and wool. The limb bones are relatively gracile, which is unusual in bison, and a SEM study of …
How to Clone a Mammoth
How to Clone a Mammoth
Could extinct species, like mammoths and passenger pigeons, be brought back to life? The science says yes. In How to Clone a Mammoth, Beth Shapiro, evolutionary biologist and pioneer in "ancient DNA" research, walks readers through the astonishing and controversial process of de-extinction. From deciding which species should be restored, to sequencing their genomes, to anticipating how revived populations might be overseen in the wild, Shapiro vi…
Amplification of TruSeq ancient DNA libraries with AccuPrime Pfx
Recent developments in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have enabled the reconstruction of complete genome sequence and nucleosome and methylation maps from ancient individuals. A diversity of degradation reactions affect DNA molecules after an organism dies, introducing specific nucleotide misincorporation patterns in HTS data that are typically exploited to distinguish modern contaminants and authentic DNA templates. In this study,…
The effects of demineralisation and sampling point variability on the measurement of glutamine deamidation in type I collagen extracted from bone
Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats
The extinct cave lion (Panthera spelaea) was an apex predator of the Pleistocene, and one of the largest felid species ever to exist. We report the first mitochondrial genome sequences for this species, derived from two Beringian specimens, one of which has been radiocarbon dated to 29,860 ± 210 14C a BP. Phylogenetic analysis confirms the placement of the cave lion as the sister taxon to populations of the modern lion (P. leo). Using newly recov…
Discovery of the skull of Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) above the Arctic Circle
The skull of the extinct rhinoceros Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis (Jäger, 1839) was discovered in the Chondon River valley (Arctic Yakutia, Russia) during the summer of 2014. This is the first find of Stephanorhinus above the Arctic Circle, expanding significantly the known geographic range of the genus. 14 C dating and geologic evidence indicate that the skull dates to between 48,000 and 70,000 yr, corresponding to Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 4/…
The Zhenya Mammoth ( Mammuthus primigenius (Blum.))
A probable prehistoric case of meningococcal disease from San Francisco Bay
The origins and spread of domestic horses from the Western Eurasian steppes
Domestication of horses fundamentally transformed long-range mobility and warfare 1 . However, modern domesticated breeds do not descend from the earliest domestic horse lineage associated with archaeological evidence of bridling, milking and corralling 2–4 at Botai, Central Asia around 3500 bc 3 . Other longstanding candidate regions for horse domestication, such as Iberia 5 and Anatolia 6 , have also recently been challenged. Thus, the genetic,…
Ancient DNA-based sex determination of bison hide moccasins indicates Promontory cave occupants selected female hides for footwear
The thirteenth-century human occupants of the Promontory caves, Utah, distinguished themselves from surrounding Fremont populations by being successful hunting specialists of bison in a region normally peripheral for that species. The hunters’ success is evident from the abundance of faunal remains excavated from the dry caves. The dry cave conditions also preserved hundreds of worn moccasins, which are of particular interest because of the Canad…
Hétérogénéité des ascendances mésolithiques et steppiques dans des génomes d'individus du Néolithique et du Campaniforme du territoire français
Les transitions archéologiques se caractérisent notamment par d’importants changements démographiques et sociétaux, qui peuvent avoir des répercussions à l’échelle du génome des individus. Ainsi, la transition du Néolithique à l’âge du Bronze s’est accompagnée de contributions génomiques massives d’éleveurs originaires des steppes pontico-caspiennes aux populations locales, ces dernières résultant d’interactions complexes entre chasseurs-cueilleu…
Isotopic Evidence for Long-Distance Connections of the AD Thirteenth-Century Promontory Caves Occupants
The Promontory caves (Utah) and Franktown Cave (Colorado) contain high-fidelity records of short-term occupations by groups with material culture connections to the Subarctic/Northern Plains. This research uses Promontory and Franktown bison dung, hair, hide, and bone collagen to establish local baseline carbon isotopic variability and identify leather from a distant source. The ankle wrap of one Promontory Cave 1 moccasin had a δ13C value that i…
Archaeological Recovery of Late Pleistocene Hair and Environmental DNA from Interior Alaska
Ancient hair and remnant plant DNA are important environmental proxies that preserve for millennia in specific archaeological contexts. However, recovery has been rare from late Pleistocene sites and more may be found if deliberately sought. Once discovered, singular hair fragments are not easily identified to taxa through comparative analyses and environmental DNA (eDNA) extraction can be difficult depending on preservation or contamination. In …
Biology (20 works) · Geography (19 works) · Archaeology (13 works) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (12 works) · Ancient DNA (10 works) · Ecology (8 works) · Ecology (8 works) · Forensic and Genetic Research (7 works) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (7 works) · Genetics (6 works)