Richard Bradshaw
Biographic Data
| ID | 275316 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Richard Bradshaw |
| GIVEN NAMES | Richard |
| FAMILY NAME | Bradshaw |
| SIGNATURE | BRADSHAW R |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Liverpool |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7331-2246 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 35 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 113 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 35 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1966 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2024 |
| H-INDEX | 6 |
The history of Fagus sylvatica at its northern limit in Vendsyssel, Denmark
Pollen, plant macrofossils and charcoal analyses were used to study tree diversity, fire history and forest disturbance over the past c. 3500 years at three forest remnant sites in Vendsyssel, northern Denmark. All locations had a more diverse tree composition in the past including abundant Alnus, Betula, Corylus, Pinus, Quercus, Salix, Tilia and Ulmus. The changes in tree diversity through time can be attributed to a combination of factors inclu…
Factors influencing late-Holocene vegetation dynamics and biodiversity on Hallands Väderö, SW Sweden
Forest composition characteristic of the Mid-Holocene has survived on Hallands Väderö, an island nature reserve off the south west coast of Sweden. Current veteran Tilia and Quercus trees contribute to a remarkably rich biodiversity of fungi, bryophytes, lichens and insects. Understanding which potential factors influence Holocene vegetation dynamics can support efforts to protect biodiversity, but the role of grazing and browsing has previously …
Eric C. Grimm 1951–2020
The untimely death of Eric Grimm on 15th November 2020 in Jefferson, South Dakota is a much regretted loss to the global community of palynologists to which he contributed so much. Eric was a distinguished research palaeoecologist, a skilful and amusing companion in the field and one of the most widely known palynologists of his generation (Fig. He is best remembered for his advocacy of open and shared international databases for fossil pollen an…
Vegetation dynamics and Fire History in Färnebofjärden National Park, Central Sweden
Palaeoecological studies can identify past trends in vegetation communities and processes over long time scales. Pollen, plant macrofossils and charcoal analyses are used to reconstruct vegetation over the last 6400 years and provide information about former human impact and disturbance regimes in Färnebofjärden National Park, Central Sweden. Three specific conservation planning topics were addressed: (1) the changing ratio of conifers to broadle…
The reconstruction of past forest dynamics over the last 13,500 years in SW Sweden
Evidence for unbroken continuity of tree taxa over the last c. 13,500 years is presented from a biodiversity ‘hotspot’ nature reserve in south-west Sweden. Forest composition, continuity, fire and disturbance events are reconstructed using palaeoecological methods. A lake record reveals that Pinus sylvestris, Betula spp., Salix spp., Populus tremula and Hippophae rhamnoides were the initial trees scattered in a semi-open, steppe environment. This…
Fossil charcoal quantification using manual and image analysis approaches
Charcoal particles are evidence of past fire events and macro-charcoal particles have been shown to represent local fire events. There are several methods for the preparation and quantification of macro-charcoal particles, none of which have been universally accepted as standard. Very few studies compare methodological differences and no studies to date compare quantification by mass with quantification by volume using image analysis. Using three…
Late-glacial and Holocene European pollen data
The European Pollen Database (EPD) is a community effort to archive and make available pollen sequences from across the European continent. Pollen sequences provide records that may be used to infer past vegetation and vegetation change. We present here maps based on 828 sites from the EPD giving an overview of changes in postglacial pollen assemblages in Europe over the past 15,000 years. The maps show the distribution and abundance of 54 differ…
Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR) came into existence on 1 December 1958 as a semi-autonomous member state of the Communauté (French Community), meaning that France still controlled its currency, defense, foreign affairs and national security. The history of the CAR can be interpreted in radically different ways. One the one hand the people of Central Africa have suffered enormously at the hands of slave traders, concessionary companies, French …
Holocene stand-scale vegetation dynamics and fire history of an old-growth spruce forest in southern Finland
Long-term forest composition and its drivers in taiga forest in NW Russia
Role of forest fires in Holocene stand-scale dynamics in the unmanaged taiga forest of northwestern Russia
Fossil pollen, conifer stomata, and charcoal records for the last 10,000 years were studied from three small hollow sites (Larix Hollow, Mosquito Hollow, and Olga Hollow) located at the modern western range limit of Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica) in northwestern Russia to investigate the role of forest fires in stand-scale dynamics of taiga vegetation. Wavelet coherence analysis was utilized to reveal the significance of fire on the vegetation …
Forest continuity and conservation value in Western Europe
Long forest continuity has often been linked with high conservation value in western European Quercus and Fagus woodlands, but this assumption of long continuity has rarely been tested. Birks discussed the antiquity of bryophyte-rich Quercus woodland in western United Kingdom, presenting evidence that the modern plant communities developed during the late Holocene influenced by human activities. We use pollen data from forest hollows to show that…
Japan, Britain and the Yellow Peril in Africa in the 1930s
During the 1930s, a dramatic increase in Japanese exports to Africa and Japan's growing influence in Ethiopia led many Europeans and South African whites to evoke the specter of the 'Yellow Peril' and to call for measures to halt Japan's 'penetration' of Africa. Japan's close ties with Ethiopia and her growing exports to South Africa were of particular concern. Japan and Italy were able to reach an agreement with regard to their conflict of inter…
A comparison of charcoal measurements for reconstruction of Mediterranean paleo-fire frequency in the mountains of Corsica
Fire-history reconstructions inferred from sedimentary charcoal records are based on measuring sieved charcoal fragment area, estimating fragment volume, or counting fragments. Similar fire histories are reconstructed from these three approaches for boreal lake sediment cores, using locally defined thresholds. Here, we test the same approach for a montane Mediterranean lake in which taphonomical processes might differ from boreal lakes through fr…
Exploring the requirement for anthropogenic disturbance to assist the stand-scale expansion of Fagus sylvatica L. outside southern Scandinavia
This paper presents a pollen and charcoal record from a forest hollow located in northern Germany. The initial stand-scale colonization and subsequent expansion of the species Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) is examined and compared with examples from southern Scandinavia. In the early Holocene, a diverse forest stand is present. The recording of Fagus sylvatica in nine contiguous samples over the time period 8600–7950 cal. yr BP, constrained by…
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
Long-term forest dynamics at Gribskov, eastern Denmark with early-Holocene evidence for thermophilous broadleaved tree species
We report on a full-Holocene pollen, charcoal and macrofossil record from a small forest hollow in Gribskov, eastern Denmark. The Fagus sylvatica pollen record suggests the establishment of a small Fagus population at Gribskov in the early Holocene together with early establishment of other thermophilous broadleaved trees, including Quercus sp., Tilia sp. and Ulmus sp. The macrofossils contribute to the vegetation reconstruction with evidence for…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
The development and local stand-scale dynamics of a Picea abies forest in southeastern Norway
The local development and forest history have been studied based on pollen, plant macrofossil, stomata and charcoal analysis from a small forest hollow situated within an old-growth, closed Picea abies forest, rich in epiphytic lichens and wood-decaying fungi in southeastern Norway. The main aims of this study are to identify the natural development, the disturbance history and the role of human impact of this forest stand during the last 9650 ye…
The European Pollen Database
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary polle…
Changes in fire regimes since the Last Glacial Maximum
Detecting human impact in the pollen record using data-model comparison
The Bronze Age landscape of the Bjäre peninsula, southern Sweden, and its relationship to burial mounds
The Local Correspondence of the Royal African Company of England, 1681–1699, Vol. 3
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
The European Pollen Database
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary polle…
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
The Bronze Age landscape of the Bjäre peninsula, southern Sweden, and its relationship to burial mounds
The development and demise of a Medieval forest-meadow system at Linnaeus' birthplace in southern Sweden
The development and local stand-scale dynamics of a Picea abies forest in southeastern Norway
The local development and forest history have been studied based on pollen, plant macrofossil, stomata and charcoal analysis from a small forest hollow situated within an old-growth, closed Picea abies forest, rich in epiphytic lichens and wood-decaying fungi in southeastern Norway. The main aims of this study are to identify the natural development, the disturbance history and the role of human impact of this forest stand during the last 9650 ye…
Climate change and human settlement as drivers of late-Holocene vegetational change in the Faroe Islands
Changes in Faroese land surfaces during the late Holocene reflect intimate interactions between cultural and environmental development. Analyses of fossil wood, pollen and plant macrofossils indicate that the present open landscape replaced shrubby vegetation that was present from c. 6000 BC Up to C. AD 660. Conditions altered during the late Holocene, with loss of woody vegetation and increasing erosion: trends that were initiated prior to human…
Fossil charcoal quantification using manual and image analysis approaches
Charcoal particles are evidence of past fire events and macro-charcoal particles have been shown to represent local fire events. There are several methods for the preparation and quantification of macro-charcoal particles, none of which have been universally accepted as standard. Very few studies compare methodological differences and no studies to date compare quantification by mass with quantification by volume using image analysis. Using three…
Historical Dictionary of the Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR) came into existence on 1 December 1958 as a semi-autonomous member state of the Communauté (French Community), meaning that France still controlled its currency, defense, foreign affairs and national security. The history of the CAR can be interpreted in radically different ways. One the one hand the people of Central Africa have suffered enormously at the hands of slave traders, concessionary companies, French …
Long-term forest composition and its drivers in taiga forest in NW Russia
The 9000-year histo of vegetation development and disturbance patterns of a swamp-forest in Dalama, northern Sweden
Analysis of pollen and charcoal in peat cores together with age-structure data of a swamp- forest site in the western part of central Sweden show the regional vegetation succession and the disturbance patterns over the last 9000 years. Five major vegetation sequences are identified: 1) Betula- Pinus period (c. 7000 to c. 6000 cal. BC); 2) wetland development (c. 6000 cal. BC to c. cal. AD 300); 3) Picea swamp-forest establishment ( c. cal. AD 300…
Holocene stand-scale vegetation dynamics and fire history of an old-growth spruce forest in southern Finland
Forest continuity and conservation value in Western Europe
Long forest continuity has often been linked with high conservation value in western European Quercus and Fagus woodlands, but this assumption of long continuity has rarely been tested. Birks discussed the antiquity of bryophyte-rich Quercus woodland in western United Kingdom, presenting evidence that the modern plant communities developed during the late Holocene influenced by human activities. We use pollen data from forest hollows to show that…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
The reconstruction of past forest dynamics over the last 13,500 years in SW Sweden
Evidence for unbroken continuity of tree taxa over the last c. 13,500 years is presented from a biodiversity ‘hotspot’ nature reserve in south-west Sweden. Forest composition, continuity, fire and disturbance events are reconstructed using palaeoecological methods. A lake record reveals that Pinus sylvestris, Betula spp., Salix spp., Populus tremula and Hippophae rhamnoides were the initial trees scattered in a semi-open, steppe environment. This…
Factors influencing late-Holocene vegetation dynamics and biodiversity on Hallands Väderö, SW Sweden
Forest composition characteristic of the Mid-Holocene has survived on Hallands Väderö, an island nature reserve off the south west coast of Sweden. Current veteran Tilia and Quercus trees contribute to a remarkably rich biodiversity of fungi, bryophytes, lichens and insects. Understanding which potential factors influence Holocene vegetation dynamics can support efforts to protect biodiversity, but the role of grazing and browsing has previously …
Long-term forest dynamics at Gribskov, eastern Denmark with early-Holocene evidence for thermophilous broadleaved tree species
We report on a full-Holocene pollen, charcoal and macrofossil record from a small forest hollow in Gribskov, eastern Denmark. The Fagus sylvatica pollen record suggests the establishment of a small Fagus population at Gribskov in the early Holocene together with early establishment of other thermophilous broadleaved trees, including Quercus sp., Tilia sp. and Ulmus sp. The macrofossils contribute to the vegetation reconstruction with evidence for…
Detecting human impact in the pollen record using data-model comparison
Preventing abuse of vulnerable adults
Ensuring that social and health care professionals have a clear understanding and acceptance of what constitutes adult abuse and how they should respond when faced by suspected or actual abuse is a key responsibility for all professional associations. Here an account is given how one organisation ‐ UKCC, the regulatory body for nursing, midwifery and health visiting, has approached this task
Submarine Geology and Geophysics. Colston Papers No. 17, 1965
The Selection of Sites for Paleovegetational Studies
The judicious selection of sites for paleovegetational and paleoclimatic studies permits paleoecologists to answer specific research questions that go beyond primary descriptions of past vegetation. We present a model that describes the relationship between basin size and pollen source area and predicts the proportions of local, extralocal, and regional pollen sampled by lake basins of different size. The distinctive sampling properties of lakes,…
The development and demise of a Medieval forest-meadow system at Linnaeus' birthplace in southern Sweden
The 9000-year histo of vegetation development and disturbance patterns of a swamp-forest in Dalama, northern Sweden
Analysis of pollen and charcoal in peat cores together with age-structure data of a swamp- forest site in the western part of central Sweden show the regional vegetation succession and the disturbance patterns over the last 9000 years. Five major vegetation sequences are identified: 1) Betula- Pinus period (c. 7000 to c. 6000 cal. BC); 2) wetland development (c. 6000 cal. BC to c. cal. AD 300); 3) Picea swamp-forest establishment ( c. cal. AD 300…
The work of the UKCC Professional Conduct Committee
In relation to professional practice statutory regulation can form a key element in preventing the abuse of vulnerable adults. Here the role of the UK's regulatory body for nurses, midwives and health visitors is examined, with recent statistics showing that abuse of vulnerable adults is the foremost reason for professional de‐registration
Dark Age
Impacts and Timing of the First Human Settlement on Vegetation of the Faroe Islands
Stratigraphically precise AMS-radiocarbon-dated plant remains, pollen, charcoal, and microtephra analyses from the Faroe Islands were used to establish the timing and effects of the first human settlement. The first occurrence of cultivated crops from three locations dated from as early as the sixth century A.D. and was older than implied from previous archaeological and historical studies, but consistent with earlier palaeoecological investigati…
Preventing abuse of vulnerable adults
Ensuring that social and health care professionals have a clear understanding and acceptance of what constitutes adult abuse and how they should respond when faced by suspected or actual abuse is a key responsibility for all professional associations. Here an account is given how one organisation ‐ UKCC, the regulatory body for nursing, midwifery and health visiting, has approached this task
The Local Correspondence of the Royal African Company of England, 1681–1699, Vol. 2
Climate change and human settlement as drivers of late-Holocene vegetational change in the Faroe Islands
Changes in Faroese land surfaces during the late Holocene reflect intimate interactions between cultural and environmental development. Analyses of fossil wood, pollen and plant macrofossils indicate that the present open landscape replaced shrubby vegetation that was present from c. 6000 BC Up to C. AD 660. Conditions altered during the late Holocene, with loss of woody vegetation and increasing erosion: trends that were initiated prior to human…
The Local Correspondence of the Royal African Company of England, 1681–1699, Vol. 3
Detecting human impact in the pollen record using data-model comparison
The Bronze Age landscape of the Bjäre peninsula, southern Sweden, and its relationship to burial mounds
Changes in fire regimes since the Last Glacial Maximum
The development and local stand-scale dynamics of a Picea abies forest in southeastern Norway
The local development and forest history have been studied based on pollen, plant macrofossil, stomata and charcoal analysis from a small forest hollow situated within an old-growth, closed Picea abies forest, rich in epiphytic lichens and wood-decaying fungi in southeastern Norway. The main aims of this study are to identify the natural development, the disturbance history and the role of human impact of this forest stand during the last 9650 ye…
The European Pollen Database
Pollen stratigraphies are the most spatially extensive data available for the reconstruction of past land-cover change. Detailed knowledge of past land-cover is becoming increasingly important to evaluate the present trends in, and drivers of, vegetation composition. The European Pollen Database (EPD) was established in the late 1980s and developed in the early 1990s to provide a structure for archiving, exchanging, and analysing Quaternary polle…
The effect of climate conditions on inter-annual flowering variability monitored by pollen traps below the canopy in Draved Forest, Denmark
Since 1967 annual pollen deposition has been monitored in the semi-natural mixed deciduous woodland Draved Forest by the Geological Survey of Denmark. In this paper, we analyse the variability in pollen accumulation rates for the eight most common deciduous trees, and their relationships to monthly temperature and precipitation. High summer temperatures in the year before flowering have a positive effect on pollen deposition for several species. …
Long-term forest dynamics at Gribskov, eastern Denmark with early-Holocene evidence for thermophilous broadleaved tree species
We report on a full-Holocene pollen, charcoal and macrofossil record from a small forest hollow in Gribskov, eastern Denmark. The Fagus sylvatica pollen record suggests the establishment of a small Fagus population at Gribskov in the early Holocene together with early establishment of other thermophilous broadleaved trees, including Quercus sp., Tilia sp. and Ulmus sp. The macrofossils contribute to the vegetation reconstruction with evidence for…
A comparison of charcoal measurements for reconstruction of Mediterranean paleo-fire frequency in the mountains of Corsica
Fire-history reconstructions inferred from sedimentary charcoal records are based on measuring sieved charcoal fragment area, estimating fragment volume, or counting fragments. Similar fire histories are reconstructed from these three approaches for boreal lake sediment cores, using locally defined thresholds. Here, we test the same approach for a montane Mediterranean lake in which taphonomical processes might differ from boreal lakes through fr…
Exploring the requirement for anthropogenic disturbance to assist the stand-scale expansion of Fagus sylvatica L. outside southern Scandinavia
This paper presents a pollen and charcoal record from a forest hollow located in northern Germany. The initial stand-scale colonization and subsequent expansion of the species Fagus sylvatica (European Beech) is examined and compared with examples from southern Scandinavia. In the early Holocene, a diverse forest stand is present. The recording of Fagus sylvatica in nine contiguous samples over the time period 8600–7950 cal. yr BP, constrained by…
Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe
The number of well-dated pollen diagrams in Europe has increased considerably over the last 30 years and many of them have been submitted to the European Pollen Database (EPD). This allows for the construction of increasingly precise maps of Holocene vegetation change across the continent. Chronological information in the EPD has been expressed in uncalibrated radiocarbon years, and most chronologies to date are based on this time scale. Here we …
The European Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) project
Role of forest fires in Holocene stand-scale dynamics in the unmanaged taiga forest of northwestern Russia
Fossil pollen, conifer stomata, and charcoal records for the last 10,000 years were studied from three small hollow sites (Larix Hollow, Mosquito Hollow, and Olga Hollow) located at the modern western range limit of Siberian larch ( Larix sibirica) in northwestern Russia to investigate the role of forest fires in stand-scale dynamics of taiga vegetation. Wavelet coherence analysis was utilized to reveal the significance of fire on the vegetation …
Forest continuity and conservation value in Western Europe
Long forest continuity has often been linked with high conservation value in western European Quercus and Fagus woodlands, but this assumption of long continuity has rarely been tested. Birks discussed the antiquity of bryophyte-rich Quercus woodland in western United Kingdom, presenting evidence that the modern plant communities developed during the late Holocene influenced by human activities. We use pollen data from forest hollows to show that…
Japan, Britain and the Yellow Peril in Africa in the 1930s
During the 1930s, a dramatic increase in Japanese exports to Africa and Japan's growing influence in Ethiopia led many Europeans and South African whites to evoke the specter of the 'Yellow Peril' and to call for measures to halt Japan's 'penetration' of Africa. Japan's close ties with Ethiopia and her growing exports to South Africa were of particular concern. Japan and Italy were able to reach an agreement with regard to their conflict of inter…
Geography (28 works) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (24 works) · Ecology (21 works) · Biology (18 works) · Physical geography (18 works) · Pollen (16 works) · Archaeology (14 works) · Geology (14 works) · Holocene (14 works) · Environmental Science (13 works)