Bruno Palier
Biographic Data
| ID | 275548 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Bruno Palier |
| GIVEN NAMES | Bruno |
| FAMILY NAME | Palier |
| SIGNATURE | PALIER B |
| AFFILIATIONS | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5020-3146 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 108 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 833 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 94 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 14 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1995 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 16 |
Variétés d’États sociaux-environnementaux: La lutte contre la précarité énergétique en Europe
Historiquement, les politiques sociales et climatiques ont été le plus souvent mises en œuvre (et étudiées) en silos distincts. Ces dernières années, cependant, les débats scientifiques et politiques ont de plus en plus mis l’accent sur leurs interconnexions. Pourtant, peu de recherches offrent une analyse empirique détaillée de la manière dont ces politiques interagissent dans la pratique, et les efforts visant à classer les pays en différents t…
Social investment-A (mis)leading paradigm? Why we need to distinguish different types of social investments
Social investment has become a buzzword among social policy-makers and welfare state scholars alike. Social investments seem to be the natural social policy response to the emergence of the skill-focused knowledge economy. Proponents advocate social investment as simultaneously addressing social and economic goals. At the same time, the social investment approach has also been criticized for multiple reasons: Some claim that social investments of…
Qui supporte le coût de la transition environnementale ? Penser les inégalités face aux risques sociaux liés au changement climatique
Alors que les questions liées à la transition juste occupent une place de plus en plus importante dans les débats politiques, la question des risques sociaux générés par le changement climatique et par les politiques visant à en atténuer la portée reste peu étudiée. De nombreuses lacunes subsistent pour comprendre quels sont ces risques, qui seront affectés et par quels mécanismes. Les risques liés au changement climatique affectent-ils les mêmes…
Social investments in the knowledge economy: The politics of inclusive, stratified, and targeted reforms across the globe
As countries transition from industrial to post‐industrial knowledge economies, education and skills are crucial. Consequently, policy‐makers around the globe have increasingly focused on social investment, that is, policies aiming to create, mobilize, or preserve skills. Yet, countries around the globe have developed social investments to different degrees and in highly different forms. Our goal is twofold: First, we introduce a new typology of …
Same Trend, Different Paths: Growth and Welfare Regimes Across Time and Space
The article reviews the recent advances in comparative political economy. It reconnects knowledge on growth regimes and welfare regimes by analyzing how growth and welfare regimes covary over both time and space. It underlines the fact that governments pursue different growth strategies to adjust to new economic environments, focusing in particular on welfare state reforms. Synthesizing the literature, we propose a definition of growth and welfar…
Le travail low cost: Comment les stratégies de baisse des coûts ont abîmé le travail en France
Depuis près de trente ans, les politiques de l'emploi en France visent à réduire le « coût » du travail par les délocalisations, la sous-traitance, le licenciement des plus âgés et la pression sur les autres. On pourrait pourtant imaginer une stratégie de la qualité pour tous
Toward a Worldwide View on the Politics of Social Investment
This introductory chapter presents the main objectives and contributions of the World Politics of Social Investment (WOPSI) project, which are to both map and explain the diversity of social investment policies adopted around the democratic world. The chapter starts with a review of the literature on social investment policies, pointing at several gaps. It then develops a typology of nine types of social investment policies, distinguishing three …
The Emergence of Knowledge Economies: Educational Expansion, Labor Market Changes, and the Politics of Social Investment
This chapter traces the development of regional varieties of knowledge economies over the past two centuries from a global perspective. First, it shows massive educational expansion across all world regions, with a specific shift toward tertiary education and cognitive skills in the most advanced capitalist democracies. Second, focusing on the latter countries, it traces the relationship between educational expansion and labor market changes, sho…
The World Politics of Social Investment: Volume II: The Politics of Varying Social Investment Strategies
Welfare states around the globe are changing, challenged by the development of knowledge economies. In many countries, policymakers’ main response has been to modernize welfare states by focusing on future-oriented “social investment” policies that focus on creating, mobilizing, and preserving human skills and capabilities. Yet, there is massive variance in the development of social investment strategies. This is the second of two volumes of the …
The World Politics of Social Investment: Volume I: Welfare States in the Knowledge Economy
Welfare states around the globe are changing, challenged by the development of knowledge economies. In many countries, policymakers’ main response has been to modernize welfare states by focusing on future-oriented “social investment” policies that focus on creating, mobilizing, and preserving human skills and capabilities. Yet, there is massive variance in the development of social investment strategies. This is the first of two volumes of the W…
Nous étions des passeurs des sciences sociales
Continental Western Europe
The chapter analyses the commonalities and transformations of the Bismarckian welfare systems of continental Western Europe. In these systems, social insurance is the primary delivery mechanism, access to benefits is mainly based on work and contribution record, benefits are mainly in cash and calculated as a proportion of past earnings, the biggest share of the financing comes from social contributions paid by employers and employees, and the go…
Les servants des cerveaux
National audience
Growth and Welfare in Advanced Capitalist Economies: How Have Growth Regimes Evolved?
This chapter charts the shape and movement of the growth strategies of the developed democracies since 1945 across three periods: an era of modernization, one of liberalization, and an era of knowledge-based growth, with an emphasis on the relationship between developments in the political economy and changes in the character of electoral politics. It argues that economic policy-making always entails assembling coalitions for policy in both the a…
Growth and Welfare in Advanced Capitalist Economies: How Have Growth Regimes Evolved
En France les hauts fonctionnaires cherchent à monopoliser l'expertise dans le domaine social
The “losers of automation”: A reservoir of votes for the radical right
This paper studies the association between the risk of automation and vote choice in 11 West European countries. We extend upon labour economics literature on the effects of automation on the labour market by focusing on the political consequences of automation. We also build on existing work relating labour market risks to support for radical right parties. We argue that automation threat is most likely to increase support for radical right part…
Shrinking and shouting: The political revolt of the declining middle in times of employment polarization
Automation, digitalization and smart software fundamentally reshape the employment structure of post-industrial societies. The share of routine jobs is constantly shrinking while non-routine jobs at both ends of the skill distribution tend to grow. We contend that the existing political science literature has not sufficiently connected the distributive implications of technological change with contemporary political disruptions. The fact that dis…
Work, social protection and the middle classes: What future in the digital age
The digitalization of the economy can be interpreted as an industrial revolution, a series of technological innovations associated with new practices and new business models. As for previous industrial revolutions, a phase involving the destruction of existing systems and structures is driving a profound transformation of the world of work and the development of new sectors of activity and new jobs, including changes in the labour market and in t…
Introduction: Welfare Democracies and Party Politics—Explaining Electoral Dynamics in Times of Changing Welfare Capitalism
Bridging insights from comparative political economy, the study of welfare states, party politics, and electoral studies, the aim of this introductory chapter is to provide an analytical framework that locates Europe’s contemporary challenges within the longer economic and political trajectories of its “welfare democracies,” that is, by the way economies, labor markets, welfare states, and politics interact. The chapter argues that the reactions …
Welfare Democracies and Party Politics
Europe’s political landscapes are in turmoil; new radical parties challenge the established political order. This book locates Europe’s contemporary challenges within the longer economic and political trajectories of its “welfare democracies.” It argues forcefully that it is imperative to understand the specific structures of political competition and voter–party links to make sense of the political and economic turmoil of the last decades. In fo…
Conclusions: Electoral Dynamics in Times of Changing Welfare Capitalism
The Conclusion summarizes the most important findings of the book. It states a homogenization of European party systems, the emergence of a new combination of leftist socio-economic and rightist socio-cultural positions in many parties, and the rise of the radical right in the north of Europe and the radical left in the south. The contributions of this book also indicate a confluence toward renewed welfare state support among both parties and vot…
Social Democracy and the Welfare State in Context: The Conditioning Effect of Institutional Legacies and Party Competition
The chapter links shifts in the social democratic electorate to the positions of social democratic parties on new and old welfare state policies and explains the programmatic responsiveness of social democratic parties to their new constituency with institutional policy legacies and party competition. The chapter demonstrates that shifts to middle-class electoral constituencies are correlated with shifts toward a progressive position on the socio…
Le process tracing: Du discours de la méthode aux usages pratiques
Le process tracing, comme notion et ensemble de méthodes d’analyse, a connu ces dernières années un indéniable succès dans le champ des sciences sociales. En témoignent les 1 360 000 entrées que propose le moteur de recherche Google Scholar à la seule indication du concept associé au champ social science. De manière immédiate, la longue liste des articles qui lui sont consacrés donne à voir la diversité des disciplines qui le mobilisent, de la ps…
Comment retracer les mécanismes causaux: Les différents usages du process tracing
Resume De nombreuses publications méthodologiques portent sur le process tracing , ses fondements ontologiques et épistémologiques, et cherchent à en définir et systématiser l'utilisation. Cette littérature suggère de nombreuses définitions différentes du process tracing . Le présent article se propose de passer en revue les différentes approches afin d'en souligner les traits communs et de dresser une typologie des usages du process tracing . Le…
Institutionalizing Dualism: Complementarities and Change in France and Germany
The French and German political economies have been significantly reconfigured over the past two decades. Although the changes have often been more piecemeal than revolutionary, their cumulative effects are profound. The authors characterize the changes that have taken place as involving the institutionalization of new forms of dualism and argue that what gives contemporary developments a different character from the past is that dualism is now e…
Between X and Y: How process tracing contributes to opening the black box of causality
This article maps the methodological debate on process tracing and discusses the diverse variants of process tracing in order to highlight the commonalities beyond diversity and disagreements. Today most authors agree that process tracing is aimed at unpacking causal and temporal mechanisms. The article distinguishes two main types of use for process tracing. Some are more inductive, aimed at theory building (i.e. at uncovering and specifying cau…
The “losers of automation”: A reservoir of votes for the radical right
This paper studies the association between the risk of automation and vote choice in 11 West European countries. We extend upon labour economics literature on the effects of automation on the labour market by focusing on the political consequences of automation. We also build on existing work relating labour market risks to support for radical right parties. We argue that automation threat is most likely to increase support for radical right part…
Defrosting’ the French welfare state
2000). ‘Defrosting’ the French welfare state. West European Politics: Vol. 23, Recasting European Welfare States, pp. 113-136
Shrinking and shouting: The political revolt of the declining middle in times of employment polarization
Automation, digitalization and smart software fundamentally reshape the employment structure of post-industrial societies. The share of routine jobs is constantly shrinking while non-routine jobs at both ends of the skill distribution tend to grow. We contend that the existing political science literature has not sufficiently connected the distributive implications of technological change with contemporary political disruptions. The fact that dis…
Les « trois I » et l'analyse de l'État en action
L'analyse des politiques publiques insiste principalement, mais trop souvent alternativement sur trois séries de variables : les « idées », les « intérêts » et les « institutions ». Cet article dégage les trois temps nécessaires d'une démarche qui cherche à combiner ces variables. Mobiliser les « intérêts », les « idées » et les « institutions » permet de rester attentif à la pluralité des dimensions possibles de l'analyse et à la diversité des «…
The age of dualization: The Changing Face of Inequality in Deindustrializing Societies
Poverty, increased inequality, and social exclusion are back on the political agenda, not only as a consequence of the Great Recession of 2008, but also because of a seemingly structural trend towards increased inequality in advanced industrial societies that has persisted since the 1970s. Policies in labor markets, social policy, and political representation are strongly linked in the creation, widening, and deepening of insider-outsider divides…
Tracking the Evolution of a Single Instrument Can Reveal Profound Changes: The Case of Funded Pensions in France
Paygo pension schemes are said to be difficult to transform. However, the study of the French pension system shows that progressively, funded schemes play a greater role in the transformation. This change has been possible, despite path‐dependent forces, through four sequences. First, the change is based on a diagnosis shared among most actors, which challenges the instruments chosen in the past. Second, the new instruments are chosen in oppositi…
The Power of Gender Perspectives: Feminist Influence on Policy Paradigms, Social Science, and Social Politics
Feminist scholarship changed the study of welfare states; influential policy experts have taken off from the feminist critique, incorporating it as they crafted their own social investment strategy, (mis-)translating (and transforming) feminist arguments into an economic rationale. Social science mattered as well: it helped to create a new policy paradigm that is influential across a number of political spaces. Public policy analysis thus needs t…
Changing France: The Politics that Markets Make
How do European states adjust to international markets? Why do French governments of both left and right face a public confidence crisis? In this book, leading experts on France chart the dramatic cha
When Past Reforms Open New Opportunities: Comparing Old‐age Insurance Reforms in Bismarckian Welfare Systems
France, Italy, Germany, Austria and Spain have all gone through several waves of pension reforms both in the 1990s and in the early 2000s. Comparing the politics of these reforms shows some similar trends: reforms were usually postponed until European integration and/or economic recession forced governments to act. Before the first wave of reforms, the main form of ‘action’ had been to increase payroll taxes to finance pensions. In the 1990s, ref…
Introduction: Does Europe Matter? Accession to EU and Social Policy Developments in Recent and New Member States
How do welfare states change? Institutions and their impact on the politics of welfare state reform in Western Europe
In the 1980s and 1990s West European welfare states were exposed to strong pressures to ‘renovate’, to retrench. However, the European social policy landscape today looks as varied as it did at any time during the 20th century. ‘New institutionalism’ seems particularly helpful to account for the divergent outcomes observed, and it explains the resistance of different structures to change through past commitments, the political weight of welfare c…
Towards Neo‐Bismarckian Health Care States? Comparing Health Insurance Reforms in Bismarckian Welfare Systems
Germany, France and the Netherlands all have specific ‘Bismarckian’ health insurance systems, which encounter different and specific problems (and solutions) from those of national health systems. Following a relatively similar trajectory, the three systems have gone through important changes: they now combine universalization through the state and marketization based on regulated competition; they associate more state control (directly or throug…
Phénomènes de Path Dependence et réformes des systèmes de protection sociale
Dans cette discussion critique du concept de path dependence, et plus particulièrement de son application à l'étude des réformes des systèmes de protection sociale, il apparaît que les analyses des changements de politiques sociales en termes de path dependence exagèrent les phénomènes de stabilité politique et de persistance des arrangements institutionnels d'après guerre. Ces analyses ne prennent pas en compte la possibilité de réformes innovat…
Changing the Politics of Social Programmes: Innovative Change in British and French Welfare Reforms
The first wave of welfare state reform, which occurred during the 1980s in Britain and the US, and in the early 1990s in continental Europe, has left most social protection systems to a large extent intact. However, some of the changes adopted then have provided new op portunities for reform, that are currently being exploited by the reformers of the late 1990s. In this second wave of reform, the results achieved might be more substantial. The ar…
Same Trend, Different Paths: Growth and Welfare Regimes Across Time and Space
The article reviews the recent advances in comparative political economy. It reconnects knowledge on growth regimes and welfare regimes by analyzing how growth and welfare regimes covary over both time and space. It underlines the fact that governments pursue different growth strategies to adjust to new economic environments, focusing in particular on welfare state reforms. Synthesizing the literature, we propose a definition of growth and welfar…
Still the sound of silence? Towards a new phase in the Europeanisation of welfare state policies in France
Work, social protection and the middle classes: What future in the digital age
The digitalization of the economy can be interpreted as an industrial revolution, a series of technological innovations associated with new practices and new business models. As for previous industrial revolutions, a phase involving the destruction of existing systems and structures is driving a profound transformation of the world of work and the development of new sectors of activity and new jobs, including changes in the labour market and in t…
Les trompe-l'œil de la « gouvernance » de l'assurance maladie: Contrastes franco-allemands
Trompes-l’œil in the “Governance” of Health Insurance French-German Contrasts The authors judge the relevance of the term governance — now the accepted term for the transformation of the regulation mode of the health insurance system — in relation to two basic issues : the horizontal relationships between state and non-state actors, and the importance given to negotiation between multiple actors. These two aspects of the system are then discussed…
Reclaiming Welfare: The Politics of French Social Protection Reform
As the 1995 wave of strikes has powerfully shown, the French welfare state is currently the object of a political struggle between sections of the labour movement and the government. In this article, we look at the politics of the current transformation of the French social protection system. First, we describe the key features of welfare institutions; second, we look at the debate on the socio-economic problems that welfare is currently facing. …
Entre Bismarck et Beveridge « Crises » de la sécunté sociale et politique(s)
peu interprétés en termes de « crise de sécurité sociale ». Cette « crise » semble traduire et impliquer des changements profonds, d'organisation, de procédures, de fonctions et même de principes. La triple analyse des « crises » (financières, économiques, sociales) de la sécurité sociale replacée dans le contexte politique constitué de modalités nouvelles d'intervention publique dans le domaine social, et d'affrontement entre groupes d'acteurs a…
Social investments in the knowledge economy: The politics of inclusive, stratified, and targeted reforms across the globe
As countries transition from industrial to post‐industrial knowledge economies, education and skills are crucial. Consequently, policy‐makers around the globe have increasingly focused on social investment, that is, policies aiming to create, mobilize, or preserve skills. Yet, countries around the globe have developed social investments to different degrees and in highly different forms. Our goal is twofold: First, we introduce a new typology of …
Usages et européanisation: De l’influence multiforme de l'Union européenne sur les réformes des systèmes nationaux de protection sociale
La littérature récente sur les transformations des systèmes de protection sociale amontré que l’Union européenne est une variable importante à prendre en compte afin de comprendre les réformes nationales dans ce domaine. Notre objectif ici est d’analyser et de préciser les mécanismes politiques par lesquels l’UE joue un rôle dans les changements de politique sociale de ses États membres. Nous affirmons dans cet article qu’afin de comprendre comme…
Domestic Reconciliation Policies and the Usages of Europe
In recent years, European institutions have promoted the development of reconciliation policies in an overall context where most European countries are saying ‘farewell to maternalism’ (Orloff 2006) and are now implementing policies aimed at helping individuals (especially women) to combine paid work and family responsibilities. Is it possible to consider that these changes in national reconciliation policies have been due to EU actions in this p…
Entre Bismarck et Beveridge: « Crises » de la sécunté sociale et politique(s)
Protection sociale: L'intérêt d'une analyse politique
Entre Bismarck et Beveridge « Crises » de la sécunté sociale et politique(s)
peu interprétés en termes de « crise de sécurité sociale ». Cette « crise » semble traduire et impliquer des changements profonds, d'organisation, de procédures, de fonctions et même de principes. La triple analyse des « crises » (financières, économiques, sociales) de la sécurité sociale replacée dans le contexte politique constitué de modalités nouvelles d'intervention publique dans le domaine social, et d'affrontement entre groupes d'acteurs a…
Protection sociale. L'intérêt d'une analyse politique
Leca Jean, Palier Bruno. Protection sociale. L'intérêt d'une analyse politique. In: Revue française de science politique, 45e année, n°4, 1995. pp. 539-544
Reclaiming Welfare: The Politics of French Social Protection Reform
As the 1995 wave of strikes has powerfully shown, the French welfare state is currently the object of a political struggle between sections of the labour movement and the government. In this article, we look at the politics of the current transformation of the French social protection system. First, we describe the key features of welfare institutions; second, we look at the debate on the socio-economic problems that welfare is currently facing. …
La référence au territoire dans les nouvelles politiques sociales
Dans les nouvelles politiques sociales d'insertion mises en place au cours des années 1980 (politique de la ville, ZEP, politiques d'insertion professionnelle, RMI...), le territoire apparaît explicitement comme la référence centrale, depuis la conception jusqu'à la mise en œuvre de ces nouvelles formes d'intervention sociale. Ce texte analyse précisément cette référence au territoire pour savoir si cette re-territorialisation des politiques soci…
Changing the Politics of Social Programmes: Innovative Change in British and French Welfare Reforms
The first wave of welfare state reform, which occurred during the 1980s in Britain and the US, and in the early 1990s in continental Europe, has left most social protection systems to a large extent intact. However, some of the changes adopted then have provided new op portunities for reform, that are currently being exploited by the reformers of the late 1990s. In this second wave of reform, the results achieved might be more substantial. The ar…
Phénomènes de Path Dependence et réformes des systèmes de protection sociale
Dans cette discussion critique du concept de path dependence, et plus particulièrement de son application à l'étude des réformes des systèmes de protection sociale, il apparaît que les analyses des changements de politiques sociales en termes de path dependence exagèrent les phénomènes de stabilité politique et de persistance des arrangements institutionnels d'après guerre. Ces analyses ne prennent pas en compte la possibilité de réformes innovat…
How do welfare states change? Institutions and their impact on the politics of welfare state reform in Western Europe
In the 1980s and 1990s West European welfare states were exposed to strong pressures to ‘renovate’, to retrench. However, the European social policy landscape today looks as varied as it did at any time during the 20th century. ‘New institutionalism’ seems particularly helpful to account for the divergent outcomes observed, and it explains the resistance of different structures to change through past commitments, the political weight of welfare c…
Defrosting’ the French welfare state
2000). ‘Defrosting’ the French welfare state. West European Politics: Vol. 23, Recasting European Welfare States, pp. 113-136
Reshaping the Social Policy-Making Framework in France
Challenges and Change: Issues and Perspectives in the Analysis of Globalization and the European Welfare States
Globalization and its effects became key objects of concern in the late 1990s. Politicians, journalists and academics shared this concern, often expressed as a requirement for 'less state and more market' in the new global world. Most failed, however, to support their arguments with evidence. But in recent years, academic social scientists have sought to subject the notion of globalization and consideration of its effects to more balanced and emp…
Globalization and European Welfare States
This book seeks to counter the recent trend of speculation about the impact of globalization upon welfare states. It begins by asking two related questions: 'What exactly is globalization?' 'How, if a
Does europe matter: Européanisation et réforme des politiques sociales des pays de l'Union européenne
Ce texte fait l’hypothèse qu’à défaut d’organiser une harmonisation institutionnelle des systèmes nationaux de protection sociale (les systèmes de protection sociale européens sont divers et ils le sont restés après les nombreuses réformes récentes), les institutions européennes contribuent à organiser une harmonisation cognitive et normative des réformes de la protection sociale en Europe : les récentes réformes des retraites menées dans les div…
Beyond Retrenchment: Four problems in current welfare state research and one suggestion how to overcome them
‘Welfare states in transition’ (Esping-Andersen 1996a)’ ‘Recasting European welfare states’ (Ferrera and Rhodes 2000b)’ ‘Welfare state futures’ (Leibfried 2000), ‘Survival of the European Welfare State’ (Kuhnle 2000a) and ‘The new politics of the welfare state’ (Pierson 2001a) - all of these are among the most important recent publications on the welfare state. Collectively, they indicate that the focus of the academic agenda has moved beyond the…
De la crise aux réformes de l'État-providence: Le cas français en perspective comparée
Palier Bruno. De la crise aux réformes de l'État-providence. Le cas français en perspective comparée. In: Revue française de sociologie, 2002, 43-2. L'Europe sociale en perspectives. Textes réunis et présentés par Anne-Marie Guillemard, sous la direction de Anne-Marie Guillemard. pp. 243-275
Global Social Policy Forum
Analysing the Relationships Between Globalization, European Integration and Welfare State Changes, about Cost A15 Activity
RÃ(c)former les retraites en France
Le système français de retraite présente de façon typique, voire caricaturale, les caractéristiques des systèmes continentaux de protection sociale, qualifiés de conservateurs et de corporatistes par Gosta Esping-Andersen2. Ce système d’assurance vieillesse, financé en répartition, vise au maintien du revenu des salariés et garantit des prestations relativement généreuses aux travailleurs mais se soucie peu des plus pauvres ou de ceux (surtout ce…
Introduction: Does Europe Matter? Accession to EU and Social Policy Developments in Recent and New Member States
French Welfare Reform in Comparative Perspective
Since the 1970s, the French welfare system has been reformed in three distinct ways: reducing social security deficits by increasing employer and employee social contributions; controlling spending through retrenchment of social programs; transforming the system’s foundations through institutional change. First attempts at reforming the social insurance system were blocked in part by that system’s own institutions. But under European Union constr…
Gouverner la sécurité sociale: Les Réformes Du Système Français De Protection Sociale Depuis 1945
Ce livre analyse l'ensemble des evolutions et des reformes du systeme francais de protection sociale de 1945 a 2005, qui, depuis le debut des annees 1980, est appele a s'adapter au nouveau contexte economique et social. Un livre fondamental pour comprendre la necessaire evolution de notre systeme de protection sociale.
L'Europe sociale: Entre modèles nationaux et coordination européenne
D’un point de vue institutionnel, l’Europe sociale est constituée d’interventions à plusieurs niveaux, l’échelon européen étant historiquement faible relativement au niveau des modèles nationaux, qui apparaît marqué par une forte hétérogénéité au-delà d’un principe commun de protection des individus. Cet ensemble de politiques doit faire face à de nouveaux enjeux, résultant d’un ensemble de contraintes économiques, sociales et politiques, tout au…
Ambiguous Agreement, Cumulative Change: French Social Policy in the 1990s
The French welfare system is characteristic of those ‘immovable objects’ (Pierson 1998) often found in Continental Europe. As in the German and other Continental European cases, French social policies are usually considered to be not only the most in need of reform, but also the most difficult to change (Esping-Andersen 1996; Scharpf, Schmidt 2000; Pierson 2001). The resistance to change demonstrated by welfare programs is commonly analyzed as a …
The Europeanisation of Welfare: Paradigm Shifts and Social Policy Reforms
The process of Europeanisation implies convergence across EU member states. This is to be achieved mainly through structural economic harmonisation and institutional system-building. This chapter deals with contemporary welfare developments in the European social model. We identify the major changes affecting European countries both functionally (in terms of policy integration), and territorially (as regard multi-level governance), and go on to c…
Political science (97 works) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (65 works) · Economics (56 works) · Politics (46 works) · Law (42 works) · Welfare (35 works) · Humanities (31 works) · Welfare state (31 works) · Sociology (30 works) · Political economy (29 works)