Nora Berend
Biographic Data
| ID | 277031 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Nora Berend |
| GIVEN NAMES | Nora |
| FAMILY NAME | Berend |
| SIGNATURE | BEREND N |
| AFFILIATIONS | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4552-5807 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 36 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 21 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 33 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 3 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1999 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 3 |
Scandinavia in the Middle Ages, 900–1550
Power in Numbers
Tales of Migration in Medieval Hungary
Medieval Hungary has been called a “guestland” because of the multiplicity of immigrant peoples living in the realm. Yet the real experiences of immigrants and narrative constructions about immigration were not always in sync. This article explores medieval tales of different types of migration into the Kingdom of Hungary: first, the mythic migration of the entire people ( gens ) from a supposed original homeland to a new territory; second, the f…
Medieval Diversity
In these concluding remarks to the collection of articles, I tease out the meanings of the term "diversity," considering the contexts in which it appeared and how the various meanings it acquired in shifting contexts are meaningful for historical analysis.If one considers the possible connotations of "diversity" when applied to the age of Sigismund, what comes to mind immediately is diversity associated with Sigismund himself.As king of Hungary a…
Concluding Remarks
The articles in the volume demonstrate that comparative history can break out of the straight-jacket of supposed geographical constraints, and show how more detailed comparative studies of various aspects of legitimisation can reveal the nuances behind seemingly uniform patterns. The concluding remarks further elaborate on these points and raise questions concerning the terminology of centre and periphery
Interconnection and Separation
Abstact This article argues that “global” is both too vague and too misleading a term to help conceptualize the Middle Ages. It is used for too many diverse phenomena, and criticism of the term by modernists has not been taken on board. Instead of borrowing and distorting this concept to make it fit, we should look at the nature and range of both interconnection and separation in our period, and create concepts based on our source-material. The m…
Languages and functions of medieval exclusion
This article draws on a range of examples from the high and late medieval period to demonstrate the mechanisms of excluding groups from society. It especially considers evidence where the same group is included according to some sources, but excluded according to others. This entails analysing three interconnected issues. First, how the terminology that was used to designate those seen as not members of the same society or even humanity; second, …
Le bassin des Carpates avant l’arrivée des Hongrois
The common link between these two books is a stated Hungarian perspective on what is truly in need of a transnational viewpoint. The very title of the first book expresses this (the Carpathian Basin before the arrival of the Hungarians). Moreover, even though the year 895 is the traditional date of the Hungarian conquest which features in national narratives, it is untenable as a scholarly concept. While the preface clarifies that this is the fir…
Les récits de la migration dans la Hongrie médiévale
Les récits de la migration dans la Hongrie médiévaleSi la Hongrie médiévale a été qualifiée de ' terre d'accueil ' en raison de la multiplicité des peuples immigrés qui y vivaient, les expériences réelles des immigrants et les constructions narratives autour de l'immigration n'ont cependant pas toujours été en phase. Cet article explore les récits médiévaux de différents types de migration vers le royaume de Hongrie : tout d'abord, la migration m…
Christians and Muslims in the Middle Ages
Christians and Muslims in the Middle Ages: From Muhammad to Dante By Michael Frassetto Christians and Muslims in the Middle Ages: From Muhammad to Dante By Michael Frassetto (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2020), xxiii + 287 pp. Price HB £65.00. EAN 978–1498577564. Nora Berend Nora Berend University of Cambridge E-mail: [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Islamic Studies, etaa040, http…
Real and perceived minority influences in medieval society
The introduction to this special issue first engages with the concept of ‘minority’ and its critics, arguing for a reasoned use of the notion. Then it discusses patterns of influence based on the papers: the ways in which minorities contributed to society, how majority societies borrowed from minorities, how minoritising discourses worked, how positive and negative perceptions were triggered, and what the function of such perceptions were
The Most Noble of People
A study of identity in Umayyad al-Andalus, the book’s main argument centres around the unstable nature of social categories, thus contributing to the well-established approach of analysing fluid and constructed identities. While the author summarizes some of the social scientific approaches to culture, she does not consider the rich literature on ethnicity, identity and religion, and thus does not engage with debates on the validity of these anal…
Religious Minorities in Christian, Jewish and Muslim Law (5th - 15th centuries)
The fruit of a sustained and close collaboration between historians, linguists and jurists working on the Christian, Muslim and Jewish societies of the Middle Ages, this book explores the theme of religious coexistence (and the problems it poses) from a resolutely comparative perspective. The authors concentrate on a key aspect of this coexistence: the legal status attributed to Jews and Muslims in Christendom and to dhimmīs in Islamic lands. Wha…
Medieval Frontiers
Contents: Preface, Nora Berend Introduction: Seven types of ambiguity c.1100-c.1500, David Abulafia Crossing the frontier of 9th-century Hispania, Ann Christys Emperors and expansionism: from Rome to Middle Byzantium, Jonathan Shepard Byzantium's eastern frontier in the 10th and 11th centuries, Catherine Holmes Were there borders and borderlines in the Middle Ages? The example of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Ronnie Ellenblum Government and the…
The Expansion of Central Europe in the Middle Ages
Contents: Introduction Part I The Question of German Expansion and Colonization in Central Europe: Medieval German expansion in Bohemia and Poland, James Westfall Thompson The settlement and colonization of Europe, Richard Koebner Medieval agrarian society in its prime: the lands east of the Elbe and German colonization eastwards, Hermann Aubin The expansion of Germany: colonization and conquest in the East, Geoffrey Barraclough German town found…
Medieval Europe, by Chris Wickham
Chris Wickham is the author of many ground-breaking books on the early medieval period; his latest, therefore, is very different, in being an overview of the Middle Ages. Since outstanding overviews already exist (such as Clifford Backman’s The Worlds of Medieval Europe and The Oxford History of Medieval Europe, not to mention books covering the earlier, central or later medieval period), the reason to write a new one would be either to propose a…
Slav Outposts in Central European History
Customary Law in Hungary
Martyn Rady analyses the development and use of customary law in Hungary from the Middle Ages to the end of the nineteenth century, with a brief reflection on the twentieth century. His central focus is on a significant early modern compilation, István Werbőczy’s Tripartitum (1514, published in 1517) and its subsequent interpretations and use. Werbőczy’s Tripartitum looms large in Hungarian history in general, and legal history in particular, as …
Cosmas of Prague
This monograph is the fruit of years of engagement with Cosmas’ text, previously translated by the author, Lisa Wolverton. It is a deep reading of the entire Chronicle , striving to penetrate the narrative strategies, authorial intentions, and ultimate message of the work. It will doubtless be the key point of reference for anyone using Cosmas’ text; it also stands as a strong argument in favour of a holistic approach to medieval narrative texts …
Expulsion and Diaspora Formation
In the middle ages, from Baghdad to Barcelona, significant communities of religious minorities resided in the midst of polities ruled by Christians and Muslims: Jews and Christians throughout the Muslim world (but particularly from Iraq westward), lived as dhimmis, protected but subordinate minorities; while Jews (and to a lesser extent Muslims) were found in numerous places in Byzantine and Latin Europe.Legists ( Jewish, Christian and Muslim) fo…
A Note on the End of Islam in Medieval Hungary
The disappearance of Muslims from the medieval kingdom of Hungary has exercised scholars for some time, because the circumstances of it are not documented in medieval sources. This disappearance is usually dated to the second half of the thirteenth century because no data on Muslims—apart from converts or their descendants—living in the kingdom after that period is known until the Ottoman period, and because some Muslim sources suggest that the M…
Central Europe in the High Middle Ages
This groundbreaking comparative history of the early centuries of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland sets the development of each polity in the context of the central European region as a whole. Focusing on the origins of the realms and their development in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the book concludes with the thirteenth century when significant changes in social and economic structures occurred. The book presents a series of thematic chapters…
The Shaping of German Identity
Journal Article The Shaping of German Identity: Authority and Crisis, 1245–1414, by Len Scales Get access The Shaping of German Identity: Authority and Crisis, 1245–1414, by Len Scales (Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2012; pp. xvi + 619. £80). Nora Berend Nora Berend University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume 128, Issue 534, October 2013, Pages 1197–1199, http…
The Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus von Jeroschin
Economie et religion
Mendicants were supposed to be poor. Yet from the beginning of the orders, many critics accused them of hypocrisy, or even of taking alms from the real poor. This important volume engages with the reality of mendicant economic activities, moving away from rhetoric and into the archives. The authors study the economic practices of the mendicant orders based on source material from the convents, including registers of taxes and rents, cartularies, …
At the Gate of Christendom
Modern life in increasingly heterogeneous societies has directed attention to patterns of interaction, often using a framework of persecution and tolerance. This study of the economic, social, legal and religious position of three minorities (Jews, Muslims and pagan Turkic nomads) argues that different degrees of exclusion and integration characterized medieval non-Christian status in the medieval Christian kingdom of Hungary between 1000 and 130…
Medievalists and the Notion of the Frontier
This article addresses the relevance of theories of the frontier for medi eval history. Since Turner, 'frontier' has become a widely used concept, but its different meanings have not been separated and defined. Medi eval historians have studied the development of internal boundaries within kingdoms, political frontiers and frontier societies. Their exam inations included such divergent topics as agricultural expansion and interaction between soci…
Interconnection and Separation
Abstact This article argues that “global” is both too vague and too misleading a term to help conceptualize the Middle Ages. It is used for too many diverse phenomena, and criticism of the term by modernists has not been taken on board. Instead of borrowing and distorting this concept to make it fit, we should look at the nature and range of both interconnection and separation in our period, and create concepts based on our source-material. The m…
Expulsion and Diaspora Formation
In the middle ages, from Baghdad to Barcelona, significant communities of religious minorities resided in the midst of polities ruled by Christians and Muslims: Jews and Christians throughout the Muslim world (but particularly from Iraq westward), lived as dhimmis, protected but subordinate minorities; while Jews (and to a lesser extent Muslims) were found in numerous places in Byzantine and Latin Europe.Legists ( Jewish, Christian and Muslim) fo…
Guests in the House
Mats Roslund's monograph combines a detailed examination of potsherds with a re-evaluation of medieval Slavic-Scandinavian relations. At first glance, the combination may be startling, but the author's methodological rigour and imaginative reconstruction of medieval realities supplement each other to good effect. The starting point is deceptively simple: how to explain the presence of Slavic artefacts in Scandinavia between 900 and 1300, and, mos…
Religious Identities and Violence
Medievalists and the Notion of the Frontier
This article addresses the relevance of theories of the frontier for medi eval history. Since Turner, 'frontier' has become a widely used concept, but its different meanings have not been separated and defined. Medi eval historians have studied the development of internal boundaries within kingdoms, political frontiers and frontier societies. Their exam inations included such divergent topics as agricultural expansion and interaction between soci…
Hungary in the Thirteenth Century . Z. J. Kosztolnyik
At the Gate of Christendom
Modern life in increasingly heterogeneous societies has directed attention to patterns of interaction, often using a framework of persecution and tolerance. This study of the economic, social, legal and religious position of three minorities (Jews, Muslims and pagan Turkic nomads) argues that different degrees of exclusion and integration characterized medieval non-Christian status in the medieval Christian kingdom of Hungary between 1000 and 130…
The Realm of St. Stephen
Défense de la Chrétienté et naissance d'une identité. Hongrie, Pologne et péninsule Ibérique au Moyen Âge
Au milieu du XIIIesiècle, les rois de Hongrie comme de la péninsule Ibérique et, au milieu du siècle suivant, le roi de Pologne déclarèrent chacun que la défense de la Chrétienté dépendait de leur royaume. En conséquence, ils revendiquaient subventions et privilèges auprès de la papauté. Ce discours, certes fondé sur des réalités historiques, dévoile surtout l'invention d'une ' identité ' dans les cours royales. De plus en plus, hors contexte d'u…
Marie-Madeleine de Cevins Saint Étienne de Hongrie Paris, Fayard, 2004, 553 p
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Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy
This 2007 text is a comparative, analysis of one of the most fundamental stages in the formation of Europe. Leading scholars explore the role of the spread of Christianity and the formation of new principalities in the birth of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Bohemia, Hungary, Poland and Rus' around the year 1000. Drawing on history, archaeology and art history, and emphasizing problems related to the sources and historiographical debates, they demonstr…
Religious Identities and Violence
Raiding Saint Peter
The Northern Lands
Guests in the House
Mats Roslund's monograph combines a detailed examination of potsherds with a re-evaluation of medieval Slavic-Scandinavian relations. At first glance, the combination may be startling, but the author's methodological rigour and imaginative reconstruction of medieval realities supplement each other to good effect. The starting point is deceptively simple: how to explain the presence of Slavic artefacts in Scandinavia between 900 and 1300, and, mos…
Economie et religion
Mendicants were supposed to be poor. Yet from the beginning of the orders, many critics accused them of hypocrisy, or even of taking alms from the real poor. This important volume engages with the reality of mendicant economic activities, moving away from rhetoric and into the archives. The authors study the economic practices of the mendicant orders based on source material from the convents, including registers of taxes and rents, cartularies, …
Central Europe in the High Middle Ages
This groundbreaking comparative history of the early centuries of Bohemia, Hungary and Poland sets the development of each polity in the context of the central European region as a whole. Focusing on the origins of the realms and their development in the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the book concludes with the thirteenth century when significant changes in social and economic structures occurred. The book presents a series of thematic chapters…
The Shaping of German Identity
Journal Article The Shaping of German Identity: Authority and Crisis, 1245–1414, by Len Scales Get access The Shaping of German Identity: Authority and Crisis, 1245–1414, by Len Scales (Cambridge: Cambridge U.P., 2012; pp. xvi + 619. £80). Nora Berend Nora Berend University of Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The English Historical Review, Volume 128, Issue 534, October 2013, Pages 1197–1199, http…
The Chronicle of Prussia by Nicolaus von Jeroschin
A Note on the End of Islam in Medieval Hungary
The disappearance of Muslims from the medieval kingdom of Hungary has exercised scholars for some time, because the circumstances of it are not documented in medieval sources. This disappearance is usually dated to the second half of the thirteenth century because no data on Muslims—apart from converts or their descendants—living in the kingdom after that period is known until the Ottoman period, and because some Muslim sources suggest that the M…
Expulsion and Diaspora Formation
In the middle ages, from Baghdad to Barcelona, significant communities of religious minorities resided in the midst of polities ruled by Christians and Muslims: Jews and Christians throughout the Muslim world (but particularly from Iraq westward), lived as dhimmis, protected but subordinate minorities; while Jews (and to a lesser extent Muslims) were found in numerous places in Byzantine and Latin Europe.Legists ( Jewish, Christian and Muslim) fo…
Cosmas of Prague
This monograph is the fruit of years of engagement with Cosmas’ text, previously translated by the author, Lisa Wolverton. It is a deep reading of the entire Chronicle , striving to penetrate the narrative strategies, authorial intentions, and ultimate message of the work. It will doubtless be the key point of reference for anyone using Cosmas’ text; it also stands as a strong argument in favour of a holistic approach to medieval narrative texts …
Religious Minorities in Christian, Jewish and Muslim Law (5th - 15th centuries)
The fruit of a sustained and close collaboration between historians, linguists and jurists working on the Christian, Muslim and Jewish societies of the Middle Ages, this book explores the theme of religious coexistence (and the problems it poses) from a resolutely comparative perspective. The authors concentrate on a key aspect of this coexistence: the legal status attributed to Jews and Muslims in Christendom and to dhimmīs in Islamic lands. Wha…
Medieval Frontiers
Contents: Preface, Nora Berend Introduction: Seven types of ambiguity c.1100-c.1500, David Abulafia Crossing the frontier of 9th-century Hispania, Ann Christys Emperors and expansionism: from Rome to Middle Byzantium, Jonathan Shepard Byzantium's eastern frontier in the 10th and 11th centuries, Catherine Holmes Were there borders and borderlines in the Middle Ages? The example of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, Ronnie Ellenblum Government and the…
The Expansion of Central Europe in the Middle Ages
Contents: Introduction Part I The Question of German Expansion and Colonization in Central Europe: Medieval German expansion in Bohemia and Poland, James Westfall Thompson The settlement and colonization of Europe, Richard Koebner Medieval agrarian society in its prime: the lands east of the Elbe and German colonization eastwards, Hermann Aubin The expansion of Germany: colonization and conquest in the East, Geoffrey Barraclough German town found…
Medieval Europe, by Chris Wickham
Chris Wickham is the author of many ground-breaking books on the early medieval period; his latest, therefore, is very different, in being an overview of the Middle Ages. Since outstanding overviews already exist (such as Clifford Backman’s The Worlds of Medieval Europe and The Oxford History of Medieval Europe, not to mention books covering the earlier, central or later medieval period), the reason to write a new one would be either to propose a…
Slav Outposts in Central European History
Customary Law in Hungary
Martyn Rady analyses the development and use of customary law in Hungary from the Middle Ages to the end of the nineteenth century, with a brief reflection on the twentieth century. His central focus is on a significant early modern compilation, István Werbőczy’s Tripartitum (1514, published in 1517) and its subsequent interpretations and use. Werbőczy’s Tripartitum looms large in Hungarian history in general, and legal history in particular, as …
The Most Noble of People
A study of identity in Umayyad al-Andalus, the book’s main argument centres around the unstable nature of social categories, thus contributing to the well-established approach of analysing fluid and constructed identities. While the author summarizes some of the social scientific approaches to culture, she does not consider the rich literature on ethnicity, identity and religion, and thus does not engage with debates on the validity of these anal…
History (25 works) · Political science (20 works) · History (17 works) · Art (16 works) · Historical and Archaeological Studies (16 works) · Philosophy (14 works) · Law (13 works) · Ancient history (12 works) · Philosophy (12 works) · Sociology (12 works)