Eija Paavilainen
Biographic Data
| ID | 281913 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Eija Paavilainen |
| GIVEN NAMES | Eija |
| FAMILY NAME | Paavilainen |
| SIGNATURE | PAAVILAINEN E |
| AFFILIATIONS | Tampere University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3081-5580 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 19 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 13 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 19 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2003 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 2 |
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study From Finland 2000–2020
To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study on violence experience during pregnancy based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classification. This study examined violence before, during, and after childbirth in Finland focusing on prevalence and risk factors. Based on the National Register Data from 2000 to 2020, 0.3% (3,485 of 1,177,569) of pregnant women were identified as having experienced violence. Violence wa…
Professionals’ Needs When Identifying and Intervening in Cases of Emotional Violence Against Children: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
This study explores professionals’ needs when identifying and intervening in cases of emotional violence against children where a parent is the perpetrator. Emotional violence, while less visible than physical and sexual violence, has significant adverse effects on mental health and behaviour. This study was conducted in Finland, utilising a qualitative descriptive approach with an inductive content analysis method. Data were collected using purp…
The Consequences of A History of Violence on Women’s Pregnancy and Childbirth in the Nordic Countries: A Scoping Review
Violence against women (VAW) is a global challenge also in the childbearing period. Despite high gender equality, there is a high prevalence of VAW in the Nordic countries. This scoping review aims to explore predictors for and consequences of a history of violence on women’s pregnancy and childbirth in the Nordic countries, including women’s experience of the impact of violence and the interventions used to detect, address consequences, and prev…
Association Between Unmet Needs in Health Care and Social Services and Exposure to Violence Among Parents
Violence in close relationships profoundly impacts health and well-being. By addressing unmet health care needs and supporting parents, we can break the cycle of violence and promote better mental health outcomes. Preventive policies and early interventions are essential to mitigate the consequences of violence in families
First-Time Parents’ Bonding with Their Baby: A Longitudinal Study on Finnish Parents during the First Eight Months of Parenthood
Early positive bonding between parents and babies promotes the development of parenting skills and parents' sensitivity to their infant's needs. Positive bonding has been suggested to decrease the risk of maltreatment. There is less research into the differences between primiparae's and their spouses' bonding with their baby and changes in the parent-to-infant bonding during the first year of the baby's life. The aim of this study was to describe…
Going Forward like a Grandmother in the Snow”: Personal Survival Strategies, Motherhood, and Nature as Resources for Mothers Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
After suffering interpersonal violence (IPV), women survivors can access various interdisciplinary services and programmes to guide their recovery. Nevertheless, many vulnerable women postpone seeking help, sometimes indefinitely. Motherhood especially complicates help-seeking because mothers often want to protect both the perpetrator and their children. Understanding women's resilience, resources, and capacities in surviving IPV, however, could …
Parental Worries, Child Maltreatment Risk and Empowerment: How Are They Noticed in Child and Family Services
Parental empowerment has been related to their well-being and self-efficacy. Learning more about the signs describing child maltreatment risk are crucial for the welfare of children and families. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of child maltreatment (CM) and related worrying factors of parents and associations between the CM risk, worries and parental empowerment. The study is based on self-report surveys administered to parents in p…
Professionals’ Digital Training for Child Maltreatment Prevention in the Covid-19 Era: A Pan-European Model
The responsiveness of professionals working with children and families is of key importance for child maltreatment early identification. However, this might be undermined when multifaceted circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, reduce interdisciplinary educational activities. Thanks to technological developments, digital platforms seem promising in dealing with new challenges for professionals' training. We examined a digital approach to c…
Adolescents with different life problems seeking help before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model: A Finnish qualitative study
There are several concerns related to adolescents living in families with severe and persistent problems. Childhood conditions may contribute to later social exclusion, for example. The aim of this study was to describe study participants’ service experiences before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model. This model—based on the reformed Youth Act—was developed and implemented during a 2-year project. Data were collected thro…
Family members’ perspectives of child protection services, a metasynthesis of the literature
This metasynthesis brings together what is known about family members’ perspectives of their relationship with social care practitioners as a starting point for developing a pan-European training resource for practitioners. Four databases were searched for qualitative literature with search terms relating to family members and social care practitioners. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 studies were critically appraise…
A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis
This article reports the findings from a new form of review: a focused mapping review and synthesis. The aim was to create a contemporary, snapshot profile of the nature and scope of gender-based violence (GBV) studies conducted in Europe. GBV is one of the most prevalent human rights violations in the world affecting mainly women and girls. The policy context of GBV in Europe has gathered momentum in recent years, but we do not have a clear pict…
Continuation of domestic violence and changes in the assessment of family functioning, health, and social support in Finland
Our aim in this comparison study was to describe the continuation of domestic violence and to assess changes in the association among family functioning, health, and social support for participants who have or have not experienced violence for the years 2012 and 2015. We collected the data using a family functioning, health, and social support (FAFHES) questionnaire. We collected the baseline questionnaires ( N = 188) from patients who visited a …
The Documentation and Characteristics of Hospitalized IPV Patients Using Electronic Medical Records Data: A Follow-Up Descriptive Study
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious health problem worldwide but is often not identified by health services. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of healthcare patients and documentation compared to the baseline study (2008–2012). The sample (N = 798) consisted of visits to a central hospital in Finland that had been marked with the ICD-10 codes for assault (X85–Y09) and physical abuse (T74.1) during the years 2013–2…
Parental involvement and adolescent smoking in vocational setting in Finland
The present study examined whether parental involvement in their adolescents' lives is associated with adolescent smoking in a vocational school setting when controlling for socioeconomic background and parental smoking. The study was conducted in spring 2013 and involved 34 776 Finnish vocational school students (mean age 17.6 years). The data were analyzed using multinomial regression. The results showed that lower parental involvement was sign…
Female-perpetrated family violence—Effectiveness of a psychodynamic group intervention
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Finnish psychodynamic group intervention developed for female family-violence perpetrators. The participants voluntarily sought help after using family violence against a partner, child, or both and did not have acute mental health or substance abuse problems. The data sample consisted 134 women before the intervention, 128 women after the 15-week intervention, and 110 at the 6-month follow-up. We found…
A comparison of personality maturity among Japanese youth and Finnish young adult students: A cross-sectional study using Erikson psychosocial stage inventory and sense of coherence scale
Objective : This study aimed to clarify the child-rearing improvement approach in Japan by evaluating the ‘Personality Maturity’ of Japanese youth and Finnish young adult students. Methods : The cross-sectional survey was carried out on the Internet with youth aged 18–25 using the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (EPSI) and Sense of Coherence (SOC) scales. In total, 865 Japanese youth were recruited from GMO-Research Monitors and 898 Finnish …
Cross-Cultural Validation of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory in Finland: Preliminary Findings of the Study Among Parents Expecting a Baby
In order to decrease physical child abuse, measures to recognize parents' abuse potential are needed. In this article, cross-cultural validation of the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory, an American measure was used to screen child abuse potential in families. Data were collected in 2012 from Finnish families expecting a baby at maternity and child welfare clinics. The data come from 380 families, including 375 mothers and 303 spouses. The va…
Women's Experiences of Their Violent Behavior in an Intimate Partner Relationship
The purpose of this study was to describe women's perceptions of their violent behavior in a heterosexual partnership. The study followed the traditions of Husserlian descriptive phenomenology and the philosophy of existential phenomenology. Twenty-four volunteer Finnish women, aged 19 to 58 years, with a history of different manifestations of intimate partner violence (IPV) participated in open-ended interviews. The data were analyzed by the met…
Development of a Family Assessment Instrument for Transcultural Use
Purpose: The article describes challenges related to the transfer of a family assessment instrument, the Assessment of Strategies in Families-Effectiveness (ASF-E), and its theoretical basis to another culture. Design: Instrument development encompassed translation and discussion of theoretical and cultural relevance of the items. Patients from two clinics in Tampere, Finland ( N = 196) completed the ASF. Psychometric tests involved factor and re…
Family members’ perspectives of child protection services, a metasynthesis of the literature
This metasynthesis brings together what is known about family members’ perspectives of their relationship with social care practitioners as a starting point for developing a pan-European training resource for practitioners. Four databases were searched for qualitative literature with search terms relating to family members and social care practitioners. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 studies were critically appraise…
Women's Experiences of Their Violent Behavior in an Intimate Partner Relationship
The purpose of this study was to describe women's perceptions of their violent behavior in a heterosexual partnership. The study followed the traditions of Husserlian descriptive phenomenology and the philosophy of existential phenomenology. Twenty-four volunteer Finnish women, aged 19 to 58 years, with a history of different manifestations of intimate partner violence (IPV) participated in open-ended interviews. The data were analyzed by the met…
The Documentation and Characteristics of Hospitalized IPV Patients Using Electronic Medical Records Data: A Follow-Up Descriptive Study
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious health problem worldwide but is often not identified by health services. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of healthcare patients and documentation compared to the baseline study (2008–2012). The sample (N = 798) consisted of visits to a central hospital in Finland that had been marked with the ICD-10 codes for assault (X85–Y09) and physical abuse (T74.1) during the years 2013–2…
Development of a Family Assessment Instrument for Transcultural Use
Purpose: The article describes challenges related to the transfer of a family assessment instrument, the Assessment of Strategies in Families-Effectiveness (ASF-E), and its theoretical basis to another culture. Design: Instrument development encompassed translation and discussion of theoretical and cultural relevance of the items. Patients from two clinics in Tampere, Finland ( N = 196) completed the ASF. Psychometric tests involved factor and re…
Women's Experiences of Their Violent Behavior in an Intimate Partner Relationship
The purpose of this study was to describe women's perceptions of their violent behavior in a heterosexual partnership. The study followed the traditions of Husserlian descriptive phenomenology and the philosophy of existential phenomenology. Twenty-four volunteer Finnish women, aged 19 to 58 years, with a history of different manifestations of intimate partner violence (IPV) participated in open-ended interviews. The data were analyzed by the met…
Cross-Cultural Validation of the Child Abuse Potential Inventory in Finland: Preliminary Findings of the Study Among Parents Expecting a Baby
In order to decrease physical child abuse, measures to recognize parents' abuse potential are needed. In this article, cross-cultural validation of the Child Abuse Potential (CAP) Inventory, an American measure was used to screen child abuse potential in families. Data were collected in 2012 from Finnish families expecting a baby at maternity and child welfare clinics. The data come from 380 families, including 375 mothers and 303 spouses. The va…
Parental involvement and adolescent smoking in vocational setting in Finland
The present study examined whether parental involvement in their adolescents' lives is associated with adolescent smoking in a vocational school setting when controlling for socioeconomic background and parental smoking. The study was conducted in spring 2013 and involved 34 776 Finnish vocational school students (mean age 17.6 years). The data were analyzed using multinomial regression. The results showed that lower parental involvement was sign…
Female-perpetrated family violence—Effectiveness of a psychodynamic group intervention
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Finnish psychodynamic group intervention developed for female family-violence perpetrators. The participants voluntarily sought help after using family violence against a partner, child, or both and did not have acute mental health or substance abuse problems. The data sample consisted 134 women before the intervention, 128 women after the 15-week intervention, and 110 at the 6-month follow-up. We found…
A comparison of personality maturity among Japanese youth and Finnish young adult students: A cross-sectional study using Erikson psychosocial stage inventory and sense of coherence scale
Objective : This study aimed to clarify the child-rearing improvement approach in Japan by evaluating the ‘Personality Maturity’ of Japanese youth and Finnish young adult students. Methods : The cross-sectional survey was carried out on the Internet with youth aged 18–25 using the Erikson Psychosocial Stage Inventory (EPSI) and Sense of Coherence (SOC) scales. In total, 865 Japanese youth were recruited from GMO-Research Monitors and 898 Finnish …
A Profile of Gender-Based Violence Research in Europe: Findings From a Focused Mapping Review and Synthesis
This article reports the findings from a new form of review: a focused mapping review and synthesis. The aim was to create a contemporary, snapshot profile of the nature and scope of gender-based violence (GBV) studies conducted in Europe. GBV is one of the most prevalent human rights violations in the world affecting mainly women and girls. The policy context of GBV in Europe has gathered momentum in recent years, but we do not have a clear pict…
Continuation of domestic violence and changes in the assessment of family functioning, health, and social support in Finland
Our aim in this comparison study was to describe the continuation of domestic violence and to assess changes in the association among family functioning, health, and social support for participants who have or have not experienced violence for the years 2012 and 2015. We collected the data using a family functioning, health, and social support (FAFHES) questionnaire. We collected the baseline questionnaires ( N = 188) from patients who visited a …
The Documentation and Characteristics of Hospitalized IPV Patients Using Electronic Medical Records Data: A Follow-Up Descriptive Study
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious health problem worldwide but is often not identified by health services. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of healthcare patients and documentation compared to the baseline study (2008–2012). The sample (N = 798) consisted of visits to a central hospital in Finland that had been marked with the ICD-10 codes for assault (X85–Y09) and physical abuse (T74.1) during the years 2013–2…
Adolescents with different life problems seeking help before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model: A Finnish qualitative study
There are several concerns related to adolescents living in families with severe and persistent problems. Childhood conditions may contribute to later social exclusion, for example. The aim of this study was to describe study participants’ service experiences before and after the introduction of a low-threshold service model. This model—based on the reformed Youth Act—was developed and implemented during a 2-year project. Data were collected thro…
Family members’ perspectives of child protection services, a metasynthesis of the literature
This metasynthesis brings together what is known about family members’ perspectives of their relationship with social care practitioners as a starting point for developing a pan-European training resource for practitioners. Four databases were searched for qualitative literature with search terms relating to family members and social care practitioners. After the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 35 studies were critically appraise…
Parental Worries, Child Maltreatment Risk and Empowerment: How Are They Noticed in Child and Family Services
Parental empowerment has been related to their well-being and self-efficacy. Learning more about the signs describing child maltreatment risk are crucial for the welfare of children and families. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of child maltreatment (CM) and related worrying factors of parents and associations between the CM risk, worries and parental empowerment. The study is based on self-report surveys administered to parents in p…
Professionals’ Digital Training for Child Maltreatment Prevention in the Covid-19 Era: A Pan-European Model
The responsiveness of professionals working with children and families is of key importance for child maltreatment early identification. However, this might be undermined when multifaceted circumstances, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, reduce interdisciplinary educational activities. Thanks to technological developments, digital platforms seem promising in dealing with new challenges for professionals' training. We examined a digital approach to c…
First-Time Parents’ Bonding with Their Baby: A Longitudinal Study on Finnish Parents during the First Eight Months of Parenthood
Early positive bonding between parents and babies promotes the development of parenting skills and parents' sensitivity to their infant's needs. Positive bonding has been suggested to decrease the risk of maltreatment. There is less research into the differences between primiparae's and their spouses' bonding with their baby and changes in the parent-to-infant bonding during the first year of the baby's life. The aim of this study was to describe…
Going Forward like a Grandmother in the Snow”: Personal Survival Strategies, Motherhood, and Nature as Resources for Mothers Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence
After suffering interpersonal violence (IPV), women survivors can access various interdisciplinary services and programmes to guide their recovery. Nevertheless, many vulnerable women postpone seeking help, sometimes indefinitely. Motherhood especially complicates help-seeking because mothers often want to protect both the perpetrator and their children. Understanding women's resilience, resources, and capacities in surviving IPV, however, could …
The Consequences of A History of Violence on Women’s Pregnancy and Childbirth in the Nordic Countries: A Scoping Review
Violence against women (VAW) is a global challenge also in the childbearing period. Despite high gender equality, there is a high prevalence of VAW in the Nordic countries. This scoping review aims to explore predictors for and consequences of a history of violence on women’s pregnancy and childbirth in the Nordic countries, including women’s experience of the impact of violence and the interventions used to detect, address consequences, and prev…
Association Between Unmet Needs in Health Care and Social Services and Exposure to Violence Among Parents
Violence in close relationships profoundly impacts health and well-being. By addressing unmet health care needs and supporting parents, we can break the cycle of violence and promote better mental health outcomes. Preventive policies and early interventions are essential to mitigate the consequences of violence in families
Professionals’ Needs When Identifying and Intervening in Cases of Emotional Violence Against Children: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
This study explores professionals’ needs when identifying and intervening in cases of emotional violence against children where a parent is the perpetrator. Emotional violence, while less visible than physical and sexual violence, has significant adverse effects on mental health and behaviour. This study was conducted in Finland, utilising a qualitative descriptive approach with an inductive content analysis method. Data were collected using purp…
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Women: A Population-Based Study From Finland 2000–2020
To our knowledge, this is the first population-based study on violence experience during pregnancy based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classification. This study examined violence before, during, and after childbirth in Finland focusing on prevalence and risk factors. Based on the National Register Data from 2000 to 2020, 0.3% (3,485 of 1,177,569) of pregnant women were identified as having experienced violence. Violence wa…
Medicine (17 works) · Psychology (14 works) · Intimate Partner and Family Violence (12 works) · Poison control (12 works) · Suicide prevention (11 works) · Child Abuse and Trauma (10 works) · Domestic violence (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Developmental psychology (7 works) · Clinical Psychology (6 works)