Edward Krupat
Biographic Data
| ID | 282990 |
|---|---|
| NAME | Edward Krupat |
| GIVEN NAMES | Edward |
| FAMILY NAME | Krupat |
| SIGNATURE | KRUPAT E |
| AFFILIATIONS | MCPHS University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-9377-0132 |
| VERIFIED | Yes |
| TOTAL WORKS | 23 |
| TOTAL CITATIONS | 54 |
| AUTHOR COUNT | 23 |
| EDITOR COUNT | 0 |
| FIRST PUBLICATION YEAR | 1971 |
| LATEST PUBLICATION YEAR | 2026 |
| H-INDEX | 4 |
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Four Habits Coding Scheme into Danish: A study of inter- and intra-rater reliability in face-to-face and video consultations
BACKGROUND: Effective physician-patient communication is essential for high-quality care in general practice and can be systematically assessed using structured instruments such as the Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS). Although the 4HCS has been validated in English, no Danish version exists, limiting research, evaluation, and training opportunities in Denmark. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the 4HCS into Danish and evaluate i…
Moving Beyond the Dichotomous Assessment of Professionalism in the Internal Medicine Clerkship: Results of a National Survey of Clerkship Directors
An exploratory study of goal orientations of traditional block and longitudinal integrated clerkship students
Background Achievement goal theory links goal setting, motivation, and learning and describes three orientations: ‘mastery’ (seeking learning), ‘performance’ (seeking positive judgments), and ‘performance-avoidance’ (avoiding negative judgments). Mastery orientation is considered most adaptive. The authors investigated goal orientations of traditional block clerkship (TBC) and longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) students.Methods This was an e…
When I say … Likert item
Krupat weighs in on the longstanding debate about the best ways to write items for surveys by exploring what is meant by "Likert item"
The Harvard Medical School Pathways curriculum: A comprehensive curricular evaluation
Purpose The Harvard Medical School Pathways curriculum represents a major reform effort. Our goals were to enhance reasoning and clinical skills and improve the learning environment and students’ approach to learning via use of collaborative, case-based pedagogy; early clinical exposure; and enhanced approaches to teaching and evaluating clinical skills. We evaluated the impact of Pathways on key outcomes related to these goals.Materials and meth…
The Student-Generated Reasoning Tool (SGRT): Linking medical knowledge and clinical reasoning in preclinical education
INTRODUCTION: The simultaneous integration of knowledge acquisition and development of clinical reasoning in preclinical medical education remains a challenge. To help address this challenge, the authors developed and implemented the Student-Generated Reasoning Tool (SGRT)-a tool asking students to propose and justify pathophysiological hypotheses, generate findings, and critically appraise information. METHODS: = 168) consisted of students from …
Building Longitudinal Relationships Into a Traditional Block Clerkship Model: A Mixed-Methods Study
PURPOSE: The authors describe the implementation of the novel Longitudinal Clinical Experiences with Patients (LCEP) curriculum, designed to integrate continuity and longitudinal patient relationships into a traditional block clerkship (BC), and present a mixed-methods analysis evaluating program effectiveness to assess its feasibility, value, and impact. METHOD: This was a mixed-methods study of 54 Harvard Medical School students who participate…
Do Professionalism Lapses in Medical School Predict Problems in Residency and Clinical Practice
PURPOSE: Recognizing that physicians must exhibit high levels of professionalism, researchers have attempted to identify the precursors of clinicians' professionalism difficulties, typically using retrospective designs that trace sanctioned physicians back to medical school. To better establish relative risk for professionalism lapses in practice, however, this relationship must also be studied prospectively. Therefore, this study investigated th…
Attitudes Toward Patient-Centered Care in the Mental Care Services in Isfahan, Iran
Self-Awareness and Cultural Identity as an Effort to Reduce Bias in Medicine
Measuring Medical Students' Preparedness and Skills to Provide Cross-Cultural Care
Purpose: Cross-cultural education is an integral and required part of undergraduate medical curricula. However, the teaching of cross-cultural care varies widely and methods of evaluation are lacking. We sought to better understand medical students' perspectives on their own cultural competency across the 4-year curriculum using a validated survey instrument. Methods: We conducted an annual Internet-based survey at Harvard Medical School with stu…
Can Naive Viewers Put Themselves in the Patients’ Shoes: Reliability and Validity of the Analogue Patient Methodology
BACKGROUND: Analogue patients (APs) are untrained viewers given the task of viewing and rating their impressions of a medical interaction while taking on the patient role. This methodology is often used to assess patient perceptions when using real patient (RP) populations is unethical or impractical. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the reliability and validity of the AP methodology and its optimal implementation. RESEARCH DESIGN: Forty-six video…
Patient Participation in Medical Consultations: Why Some Patients are More Involved Than Others
BACKGROUND: Patients vary in their willingness and ability to actively participate in medical consultations. Because more active patient participation contributes to improved health outcomes and quality of care, it is important to understand factors affecting the way patients communicate with healthcare providers. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine the extent to which patient participation in medical interactions is influenc…
Request Fulfillment in Office Practice: Antecedents and Relationship to Outcomes
BACKGROUND: Patients communicate their desires and expectations largely by making requests. However, the antecedents and consequences of request fulfillment have received limited attention. OBJECTIVE: To describe patient and physician characteristics associated with request fulfillment and to understand the consequences of request fulfillment and nonfulfillment on visit evaluations by patients and physicians, self-reported health care use, and he…
Information and its impact on satisfaction among surgical patients
Patient assertiveness and physician decision-making among older breast cancer patients
People in Cities: The Urban Environment and its Effects
Series foreword Preface Part I. The Idea of the City: 1. The city as environment: an introduction 2. Urban characteristics: city versus city and city versus town 3. Definitions and models of urban life 4. The city as I see it: image and activity Part II. Living in the City: 5. The city as too much: crowding, noise, and all that stress 6. Isolation and integration: social relations in the city 7. Cities by design: the physical environment and urba…
People in Cities: The Urban Environment and Its Effects
Defining the City: The Use of Objective and Subjective Measures for Community Description
This paper considers the differing systems and variables used to distinguish city from city, and city from non‐city. A wide variety of approaches to urban description and classification are reviewed, ranging from those of the novelist and social critic to those of the sociologist, economist, geographer and social psychologist. A distinction is made concerning the measurement of community variables using objective and subjective data; and the cont…
Social Psychology and Urban Behavior
Clean is Beautiful: Identification and Preference as a Function of Race and Cleanliness
The classic studies of doll preference conducted by Clark and Clark have stimulated more than 25 years of research investigating self‐acceptance and self‐rejection in black children. These studies, however, have failed to consider the importance of nonracial factors as determinants of preference. In an investigation of the importance of cleanliness as well as race as a determinant of preference, 60 white and 56 black children of both sexes in gra…
Context as a determinant of perceived threat: The role of prior experience
Relationships Between Source Status, Authoritarianism, and Conformity in a Social Influence Setting
The present study investigated the relationship between authoritarianism and the status of the influencer on conformity behavior. Subjects who varied in level of authoritarianism were experimentally confronted with 40 disagreements from a or status source on an ambiguous perceptual task. The dependent variable was the number of times the subject changed his initial response to agree with his partner. It was found that low authoritarians conformed…
Patient assertiveness and physician decision-making among older breast cancer patients
Defining the City: The Use of Objective and Subjective Measures for Community Description
This paper considers the differing systems and variables used to distinguish city from city, and city from non‐city. A wide variety of approaches to urban description and classification are reviewed, ranging from those of the novelist and social critic to those of the sociologist, economist, geographer and social psychologist. A distinction is made concerning the measurement of community variables using objective and subjective data; and the cont…
Clean is Beautiful: Identification and Preference as a Function of Race and Cleanliness
The classic studies of doll preference conducted by Clark and Clark have stimulated more than 25 years of research investigating self‐acceptance and self‐rejection in black children. These studies, however, have failed to consider the importance of nonracial factors as determinants of preference. In an investigation of the importance of cleanliness as well as race as a determinant of preference, 60 white and 56 black children of both sexes in gra…
People in Cities: The Urban Environment and Its Effects
Context as a determinant of perceived threat: The role of prior experience
Self-Awareness and Cultural Identity as an Effort to Reduce Bias in Medicine
Social Psychology and Urban Behavior
Attitudes Toward Patient-Centered Care in the Mental Care Services in Isfahan, Iran
Relationships Between Source Status, Authoritarianism, and Conformity in a Social Influence Setting
The present study investigated the relationship between authoritarianism and the status of the influencer on conformity behavior. Subjects who varied in level of authoritarianism were experimentally confronted with 40 disagreements from a or status source on an ambiguous perceptual task. The dependent variable was the number of times the subject changed his initial response to agree with his partner. It was found that low authoritarians conformed…
Relationships Between Source Status, Authoritarianism, and Conformity in a Social Influence Setting
The present study investigated the relationship between authoritarianism and the status of the influencer on conformity behavior. Subjects who varied in level of authoritarianism were experimentally confronted with 40 disagreements from a or status source on an ambiguous perceptual task. The dependent variable was the number of times the subject changed his initial response to agree with his partner. It was found that low authoritarians conformed…
Context as a determinant of perceived threat: The role of prior experience
Clean is Beautiful: Identification and Preference as a Function of Race and Cleanliness
The classic studies of doll preference conducted by Clark and Clark have stimulated more than 25 years of research investigating self‐acceptance and self‐rejection in black children. These studies, however, have failed to consider the importance of nonracial factors as determinants of preference. In an investigation of the importance of cleanliness as well as race as a determinant of preference, 60 white and 56 black children of both sexes in gra…
Defining the City: The Use of Objective and Subjective Measures for Community Description
This paper considers the differing systems and variables used to distinguish city from city, and city from non‐city. A wide variety of approaches to urban description and classification are reviewed, ranging from those of the novelist and social critic to those of the sociologist, economist, geographer and social psychologist. A distinction is made concerning the measurement of community variables using objective and subjective data; and the cont…
Social Psychology and Urban Behavior
People in Cities: The Urban Environment and Its Effects
People in Cities: The Urban Environment and its Effects
Series foreword Preface Part I. The Idea of the City: 1. The city as environment: an introduction 2. Urban characteristics: city versus city and city versus town 3. Definitions and models of urban life 4. The city as I see it: image and activity Part II. Living in the City: 5. The city as too much: crowding, noise, and all that stress 6. Isolation and integration: social relations in the city 7. Cities by design: the physical environment and urba…
Patient assertiveness and physician decision-making among older breast cancer patients
Information and its impact on satisfaction among surgical patients
Request Fulfillment in Office Practice: Antecedents and Relationship to Outcomes
BACKGROUND: Patients communicate their desires and expectations largely by making requests. However, the antecedents and consequences of request fulfillment have received limited attention. OBJECTIVE: To describe patient and physician characteristics associated with request fulfillment and to understand the consequences of request fulfillment and nonfulfillment on visit evaluations by patients and physicians, self-reported health care use, and he…
Patient Participation in Medical Consultations: Why Some Patients are More Involved Than Others
BACKGROUND: Patients vary in their willingness and ability to actively participate in medical consultations. Because more active patient participation contributes to improved health outcomes and quality of care, it is important to understand factors affecting the way patients communicate with healthcare providers. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine the extent to which patient participation in medical interactions is influenc…
Can Naive Viewers Put Themselves in the Patients’ Shoes: Reliability and Validity of the Analogue Patient Methodology
BACKGROUND: Analogue patients (APs) are untrained viewers given the task of viewing and rating their impressions of a medical interaction while taking on the patient role. This methodology is often used to assess patient perceptions when using real patient (RP) populations is unethical or impractical. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the reliability and validity of the AP methodology and its optimal implementation. RESEARCH DESIGN: Forty-six video…
Measuring Medical Students' Preparedness and Skills to Provide Cross-Cultural Care
Purpose: Cross-cultural education is an integral and required part of undergraduate medical curricula. However, the teaching of cross-cultural care varies widely and methods of evaluation are lacking. We sought to better understand medical students' perspectives on their own cultural competency across the 4-year curriculum using a validated survey instrument. Methods: We conducted an annual Internet-based survey at Harvard Medical School with stu…
Attitudes Toward Patient-Centered Care in the Mental Care Services in Isfahan, Iran
Self-Awareness and Cultural Identity as an Effort to Reduce Bias in Medicine
Do Professionalism Lapses in Medical School Predict Problems in Residency and Clinical Practice
PURPOSE: Recognizing that physicians must exhibit high levels of professionalism, researchers have attempted to identify the precursors of clinicians' professionalism difficulties, typically using retrospective designs that trace sanctioned physicians back to medical school. To better establish relative risk for professionalism lapses in practice, however, this relationship must also be studied prospectively. Therefore, this study investigated th…
Building Longitudinal Relationships Into a Traditional Block Clerkship Model: A Mixed-Methods Study
PURPOSE: The authors describe the implementation of the novel Longitudinal Clinical Experiences with Patients (LCEP) curriculum, designed to integrate continuity and longitudinal patient relationships into a traditional block clerkship (BC), and present a mixed-methods analysis evaluating program effectiveness to assess its feasibility, value, and impact. METHOD: This was a mixed-methods study of 54 Harvard Medical School students who participate…
When I say … Likert item
Krupat weighs in on the longstanding debate about the best ways to write items for surveys by exploring what is meant by "Likert item"
The Harvard Medical School Pathways curriculum: A comprehensive curricular evaluation
Purpose The Harvard Medical School Pathways curriculum represents a major reform effort. Our goals were to enhance reasoning and clinical skills and improve the learning environment and students’ approach to learning via use of collaborative, case-based pedagogy; early clinical exposure; and enhanced approaches to teaching and evaluating clinical skills. We evaluated the impact of Pathways on key outcomes related to these goals.Materials and meth…
The Student-Generated Reasoning Tool (SGRT): Linking medical knowledge and clinical reasoning in preclinical education
INTRODUCTION: The simultaneous integration of knowledge acquisition and development of clinical reasoning in preclinical medical education remains a challenge. To help address this challenge, the authors developed and implemented the Student-Generated Reasoning Tool (SGRT)-a tool asking students to propose and justify pathophysiological hypotheses, generate findings, and critically appraise information. METHODS: = 168) consisted of students from …
An exploratory study of goal orientations of traditional block and longitudinal integrated clerkship students
Background Achievement goal theory links goal setting, motivation, and learning and describes three orientations: ‘mastery’ (seeking learning), ‘performance’ (seeking positive judgments), and ‘performance-avoidance’ (avoiding negative judgments). Mastery orientation is considered most adaptive. The authors investigated goal orientations of traditional block clerkship (TBC) and longitudinal integrated clerkship (LIC) students.Methods This was an e…
Moving Beyond the Dichotomous Assessment of Professionalism in the Internal Medicine Clerkship: Results of a National Survey of Clerkship Directors
Cross-cultural adaptation of the Four Habits Coding Scheme into Danish: A study of inter- and intra-rater reliability in face-to-face and video consultations
BACKGROUND: Effective physician-patient communication is essential for high-quality care in general practice and can be systematically assessed using structured instruments such as the Four Habits Coding Scheme (4HCS). Although the 4HCS has been validated in English, no Danish version exists, limiting research, evaluation, and training opportunities in Denmark. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the 4HCS into Danish and evaluate i…
Psychology (16 works) · Medicine (14 works) · Patient-Provider Communication in Healthcare (8 works) · Social Psychology (8 works) · Family medicine (7 works) · Innovations in Medical Education (7 works) · Medical education (6 works) · Nursing (6 works) · Social Psychology (5 works) · Sociology (5 works)