Nancy E Adler
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 286479 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Nancy E Adler |
| NOMBRES | Nancy E |
| APELLIDO | Adler |
| FIRMA | ADLER N E |
| AFILIACIONES | University of California, San Francisco |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6962-0724 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 106 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 1346 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 106 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1973 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 16 |
The Effects of a Prenatal Mindfulness Intervention on Infant Autonomic and Behavioral Reactivity and Regulation
OBJECTIVE: Maternal health and wellness during pregnancy are associated with long-term health outcomes in children. The current study examined whether infants of women who participated in a mindfulness-based intervention during pregnancy that reduced levels of stress and depression, increased physical activity, and improved glucose tolerance differed on biobehavioral markers of psychopathological and physical health risk compared with infants of …
Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes
Decades of research have demonstrated that diabetes affects racial and ethnic minority and low-income adult populations in the U.S. disproportionately, with relatively intractable patterns seen in these populations’ higher risk of diabetes and rates of diabetes complications and mortality (1). With a health care shift toward greater emphasis on population health outcomes and value-based care, social determinants of health (SDOH) have risen to the…
Powering population health research
Evidence for Action (E4A), a signature program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, funds investigator-initiated research on the impacts of social programs and policies on population health and health inequities. Across thousands of letters of intent and full proposals E4A has received since 2015, one of the most common methodological challenges faced by applicants is selecting realistic effect sizes to inform calculations of power, sample size…
Open Office Space
Facing space constraints similar to those experienced by many urban campuses, the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) looked to innovative office workplace design to curb growing facilities expenditures. Mission Hall, a new office building primarily for desktop and clinical researchers and staff, was designed as an activity-based workplace (ABW), a type of open-space design. ABW was simultaneously being proposed as the template for fut…
Alternative causal inference methods in population health research
Population health researchers from different fields often address similar substantive questions but rely on different study designs, reflecting their home disciplines. This is especially true in studies involving causal inference, for which semantic and substantive differences inhibit interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration. In this paper, we group nonrandomized study designs into two categories: those that use confounder-control (such as re…
The association between objective and subjective socioeconomic status and subjective well-being
This meta-analysis tested if the links between socioeconomic status (SES) and subjective well-being (SWB) differ by whether SES is assessed objectively or subjectively. The associations between measures of objective SES (i.e., income and educational attainment), subjective SES (i.e., the MacArthur ladder SES and perceived SES), and SWB (i.e., happiness and life satisfaction) were synthesized across 357 studies, totaling 2,352,095 participants. Ov…
Building the evidence on Making Health a Shared Value
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF)'s Culture of Health Action Framework guides a movement to improve health and advance health equity across the nation. Action Area One of the Framework, Making Health a Shared Value, highlights the role of individual and community factors in achieving a societal commitment to health and health equity, centered around three drivers: Mindset and Expectations, Sense of Community, and Civic Engagement. To stim…
Family Socioeconomic Status, Cortisol, and Physical Health in Early Childhood
OBJECTIVE: Children from families with lower socioeconomic status (SES) evidence greater physiological dysregulation and poorer health. Despite recognition of environmental contributors, little is known about the influence of neighborhood characteristics. The present study examined the moderating role of community-level risks and resources on the relation of family SES to children's daily cortisol output and physical health during the kindergarte…
The impact of a private sector living wage intervention on consumption and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a middle income country
While having a higher income in a middle-income country might be expected to increase obesity and its associated health risks, the current study found no short-term negative associations. There may be possible longer-term negative health consequences of increases in consumption of soda, juice and sugars, however. It is important to consider complementary interventions to support healthy dietary intake in areas with increasing wages
Novel Interventions to Reduce Stress and Overeating in Overweight Pregnant Women
Eating with others and meal location are differentially associated with nutrient intake by sex
Current and past depressive symptoms and contraceptive effectiveness level method selected among women seeking reproductive health services
Socioeconomic Status, Financial Strain, and Leukocyte Telomere Length in a Sample of African American Midlife Men
A Systematic Review of Interventions on Patients’ Social and Economic Needs
Getting started
Condon, Weston, and Hill (2017) and Rossiter (2017) expressed concerns about the recommended panel of psychosocial vital signs that should be included in electronic health records (EHRs). Condon et al. (2017) would prefer a broader array of measures and Rossiter (2017) a set of optimal measures based on consensus. Our task was to identify a core set of measures to be used now in all EHRs based on usefulness and low burden. We anticipate that with…
The impact of health and education on future labour force participation among individuals aged 55–74 in the United States of America
Chronic disease, mobility limitations and low physical functioning are determinants of an earlier age of retirement. Therefore, long-term population trends in these factors may have an impact on the proportion of individuals near traditional retirement age who continue to work. Our objective is to develop a projection model that accounts for trends in these factors in order to estimate the proportion of the population aged 55–74 with the capacity…
Late Age at Childbirth
Late Age at Childbirth: Survival Advantage or Artifact? Affiliation Nancy E. Adler PhDNancy E. Adler is director of the Center for Health and Community and the Lisa and John Pritzker Professor in the Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.CopyRightCorrespondence should be sent to Nancy E. Adler, Director, Center for Health and Community, 3333 California St, Suite 465; San Francisco, C…
Addressing Social Determinants of Health and Health Inequalities
Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolary…
Socioeconomic Adversity, Negativity in the Parent Child-Relationship, and Physiological Reactivity
OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic status (SES) would predict children's physical health problems at the end of kindergarten among children whose parent reported greater parent-child relationship (PCR) negativity and/or who exhibited greater parasympathetic (RSA) reactivity. We also tested whether RSA and PCR negativity mediated the SES-health association. METHODS: Data were collected from 338 children (mean [SD] age, 5.32 [.3…
Collecting psychosocial “vital signs” in electronic health records
Social, psychological, and behavioral factors are recognized as key contributors to health, but they are rarely measured in a systematic way in health care settings. Electronic health records (EHRs) can be used in these settings to routinely collect a standardized set of social, psychological, and behavioral determinants of health. The expanded use of EHRs provides opportunities to improve individual and population health, and offers new ways for…
Challenges to an integrated population health research agenda
Telomeres
Telomeres cap the ends of chromosomes in the cell and their length provides a marker of cellular aging. As people age, their telomeres generally shorten, a process that is accelerated by exposure to chronic stress as well as by health behaviors such as smoking, lack of exercise, and poor diet. Individuals who are lower on the social hierarchy have shorter telomeres on average, providing evidence of the health‐damaging effects of social disadvanta…
Discrimination, Racial Bias, and Telomere Length in African-American Men
An Integrative View of School Functioning
This study investigates the dynamic interplay between teacher–child relationship quality and children's behaviors across kindergarten and first grade to predict academic competence in first grade. Using a sample of 338 ethnically diverse 5-year-old children, nested path analytic models were conducted to examine bidirectional pathways between children's behaviors and teacher–child relationship quality. Low self-regulation in kindergarten fall, as …
Potential for a Stress Reduction Intervention to Promote Healthy Gestational Weight Gain
Socioeconomic status and health
SES is consistently associated with health outcomes, yet little is known about the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms that might explain this association. Researchers usually control for SES rather than examine it. When it is studied, only effects of lower, poverty-level SES are generally examined. However, there is evidence of a graded association with health at all levels of SES, an observation that requires new thought about domains throug…
Subjective social status
Local services and amenities, neighborhood social capital, and health
Do experiences of racial discrimination predict cardiovascular disease among African American men? The moderating role of internalized negative racial group attitudes
Social status and health
Race, life course socioeconomic position, racial discrimination, depressive symptoms and self-rated health
The association between subjective social status and mental health among Asian immigrants
Subjective socioeconomic status and health
Socioeconomic status, health behavior, and leukocyte telomere length in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2002
Sexually active adolescents and condoms
Over a year when public health information regarding AIDS intensified, changes in perceptions and use of condoms in a sample of sexually active adolescents in San Francisco were examined. Although perceptions that condoms prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the value and importance placed on avoiding STDs remained high, these were neither reflected in increased intentions to use condoms nor in increased use
Social disadvantage and adolescent stress
Relations among Socioeconomic Status Indicators and Health for African-Americans and Whites
This investigation explored the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES) to physical and mental health in two nationally representative samples of whites and African-Americans. We examined the interrelations among SES variables and assessed their contribution to health for the two racial groups. Throughout, we assessed the contribution of a less traditional indicator of SES-wealth-in the SES-health relationship. As we expected, African-American…
Place matters
Female and Male Perceptions of Ideal Body Shapes
Recent studies have demonstrated that women overestimate male preferences for thin female figures. This study examined whether women also overestimate the desirability of thin figures among female peers. Using body silhouettes employed by Fallon and Rozin (1985), 87 college women and 118 college men indicated the size of their own body figure, their ideal figure, the figure most attractive to other-sex peers, and the figure most attractive to sam…
Implicit Racial Bias as a Moderator of the Association Between Racial Discrimination and Hypertension
The combination of experiencing racial discrimination and holding an antiblack bias may have particularly detrimental consequences on hypertension among African American midlife men, whereas holding an implicit problack bias may buffer the effects of racial discrimination. Efforts to address both internalized racial bias and racial discrimination may lower cardiovascular risk in this population
Health disparities through a psychological lens
There is growing concern in the United States about avoidable, unjust differences in health associated with sociodemographic characteristics, such as socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. This concern has sparked research to identify how disparities develop and how they can be reduced. Studies showing that disparities occur at all levels of socioeconomic status, not simply at the very bottom, suggest that psychosocial factors play an important…
The Trade-Off between Hormonal Contraceptives and Condoms among Adolescents
Adolescents trade off between hormonal contraceptives and condoms according to partner type and perceived risks. Adolescents' dual-method use may improve if providers tailor counseling to adolescents' perceived risk of STDs and pregnancy, and if they address prevention of both as a related decision
Objective and subjective social class gradients for substance use among Mexican adolescents
Cultural and community determinants of subjective social status among Cherokee and White youth
Cultural identity, community context, and local reference groups are crucial determinants of SSS. Both White and Cherokee youth in Appalachia exhibit SSS rankings consistent with socioeconomic and cultural marginalization. On a local scale, however, living in high poverty areas or minority communities may buffer individuals from some negative social comparisons regarding subjectively perceived SES. Meanwhile, social monitoring in small minority c…
Social inequalities in childhood dental caries
Psychosocial Factors in Medical and Psychological Treatment Avoidance
A community sample of 1106 adults was examined to assess the impact of the doctor-patient relationship on participants' avoidance of treatment for a recognized medical or psychological problem. Of five aspects of participants' previous experience with their physicians, all but waiting time predicted participants' self-reported treatment avoidance. In two logistic regression models participants who felt their physicians listened more to their conc…
Abortion
More than most medical procedures, abortion is embedded in a social context that has implications for psychological reactions of patients. Following a brief history of legislation and research on abortion, correlates of post‐abortion reponses are reviewed. A social‐psychological framework is suggested which views abortion as a stress experience. Responses to the experience will be a function of the nature and meaning of the pregnancy to the indiv…
Trajectories of Change in Obesity and Symptoms of Depression
Objectives. We investigated whether, over time, baseline obesity is associated with change in depressive symptoms or if baseline symptoms of depression are associated with change in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Methods. We used latent growth curve modeling to examine data from years 5, 10, 15, and 20 of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (n = 4643). We assessed depressive symptomatology with the Center fo…
Blood pressure and socioeconomic status in low-income women in Mexico
OBJECTIVES: In the developed world, there is a well-established inverse association between socioeconomic status (SES) and blood pressure. In the developing world, however, these relationships are not as clear, particularly in middle-income countries undergoing epidemiological and nutritional transition. METHODS: A house-to-house cross-sectional survey was conducted in low-income regions of rural Mexico in 2003. A sample of women (n = 9362) aged …
The Relationship of Socio-economic Status, Labor Force Participation, and Health among Men and Women
Using survey data from an extensive sample of Californians in the United States, we examined the relationship among indicators of socio-economic status (SES) and health for men and women in and out of the paid labor force. In contrast to data reported from the mid-1980s in which correlations among SES variables were stronger among men than among women, correlations among education, income, and occupation were similarly high among women and men. A…
Impact of Prior Sets Given Experimenters and Subjects on the Experimenter Expectancy Effect
Emotional responses of women following therapeutic abortion
Factor analysis of post-abortion emotional responses revealed three factors. Negative emotions split into two factors: socially-and internally-based. Positive emotions, constituting the third factor, were experienced most strongly. Correlations with background variables suggest two influences on response: the woman's social environment and her internalized concerns about the abortion
Women and Higher Education
Abortion
More than most medical procedures, abortion is embedded in a social context that has implications for psychological reactions of patients. Following a brief history of legislation and research on abortion, correlates of post‐abortion reponses are reviewed. A social‐psychological framework is suggested which views abortion as a stress experience. Responses to the experience will be a function of the nature and meaning of the pregnancy to the indiv…
A scale for measuring the occurrence of positive states of mind
It may be as important to measure a failure to achieve desirable states of mind as it is to measure negative moods. The proposed measure of positive states of mind was found to be internally consistent, sensitive to degrees of life stress, well accepted, quick to administer, and amenable to use as a repeated measure in longitudinal studies. Data from 187 men and women in a college student sample are reported
Sexually active adolescents and condoms
Over a year when public health information regarding AIDS intensified, changes in perceptions and use of condoms in a sample of sexually active adolescents in San Francisco were examined. Although perceptions that condoms prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the value and importance placed on avoiding STDs remained high, these were neither reflected in increased intentions to use condoms nor in increased use
Adolescent Egocentrism and Feelings of Invulnerability
This study examined the relationship between adolescent egocentrism and perceptions of risk in a sample of 458 middle school adolescents. Enright's Adolescent Egocentrism Scale (AES) and Elkind's Imaginary Audience Scale (IAS) were used to assess egocentrism. Analyses revealed unexpected findings regarding the relationship of the two egocentrism scales to risk perception. For females, high scores on the AES were associated with perceptions of hig…
Psychological Responses after Abortion
A review of methodologically sound studies of the psychological\nresponses of U.S. women after they obtained legal, nonrestrictive abortions\nindicates that distress is generally greatest before the abortion and that the\nincidence of severe negative responses is low. Factors associated with\nincreased risk of negative response are consistent with those reported in\nresearch on other stressful life events
Psychological factors in abortion
Female and Male Perceptions of Ideal Body Shapes
Recent studies have demonstrated that women overestimate male preferences for thin female figures. This study examined whether women also overestimate the desirability of thin figures among female peers. Using body silhouettes employed by Fallon and Rozin (1985), 87 college women and 118 college men indicated the size of their own body figure, their ideal figure, the figure most attractive to other-sex peers, and the figure most attractive to sam…
Unwanted Pregnancy and Abortion
In studying psychological responses following abortion, one necessarily encompasses responses to the entire experience of becoming pregnant and of terminating the pregnancy. Many assumptions are made about the nature of pregnancies that are terminated, but little research has examined the relationship between characteristics of the pregnancy and responses following abortion. Indirect evidence is available about the association of aspects of pregn…
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health
OBJECTIVE: Socioeconomic status (SES) is strongly associated with risk of disease and mortality. Universal health insurance is being debated as one remedy for such health inequalities. This article considers mechanisms through which SES affects health and argues that a broader and more comprehensive approach is needed. DATA SOURCES: Published articles surveyed using MEDLINE and review articles and bibliographies. METHODS AND RESULTS: Research is …
Health Psychology
INTRODUCTION 230 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AS CONTRIBUTOR TO DISEASE ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 232 Stress 232 Social Connections 236 DISPOSITIONS AS CONTRIBUTORS TO DISEASE 238 Type A and Hostility 238 Depression, Distress, and Exhaustion 239 Neuroticism and Negative A. f{ectivity 241 Optimism, Explanatory Style, and Self-Esteem 242 HEALTH-RELATED BEHAVIORS 243 Links with Stress and Support 243 Links with Dispositions ...... . 244 Analyt…
Socioeconomic status and health
SES is consistently associated with health outcomes, yet little is known about the psychosocial and behavioral mechanisms that might explain this association. Researchers usually control for SES rather than examine it. When it is studied, only effects of lower, poverty-level SES are generally examined. However, there is evidence of a graded association with health at all levels of SES, an observation that requires new thought about domains throug…
Sexual Self-Acceptance, Communication With Partner, and Contraceptive Use Among Adolescent Females
A longitudinal study examined the emotional and interpersonal processes involved in contraceptive behavior among 201 sexually active female adolescents 14-19 years of age recruited from adolescent medicine clinics in San Francisco, California (US). At study entry, adolescents completed questionnaires regarding sociodemographics, sexual and reproductive history, sexual self-acceptance, sexual communication with partners, and current contraceptive …
The roles of constructive thinking and optimism in psychological and behavioral adjustment during pregnancy
This study examined the impact of constructive thinking on the anxiety, positive states of mind, and substance use of 221 women during pregnancy and the influence of optimism and perceived stress on these relationships. Participants were interviewed both early and late in pregnancy. Constructive thinking predicted both psychological and behavioral adjustment later in pregnancy, independent of age and social desirability. Subsequent path analyses …
Additional Validation of a Scale to Assess Positive States of Mind
OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies have linked stress and negative states to adverse health outcomes. However, in addition to engendering negative states, stress may impair capacities to experience positive states. Such failure to experience positive states may represent a risk factor for poor health in and of itself. The research reported here examines a brief, easily repeated measure of positive states of mind (PSOM) including: focused attention, prod…
The Relationship of Socio-economic Status, Labor Force Participation, and Health among Men and Women
Using survey data from an extensive sample of Californians in the United States, we examined the relationship among indicators of socio-economic status (SES) and health for men and women in and out of the paid labor force. In contrast to data reported from the mid-1980s in which correlations among SES variables were stronger among men than among women, correlations among education, income, and occupation were similarly high among women and men. A…
Top-of-the-Head' Descriptions of Baby and Self
This research investigated pregnant women's spontaneous descriptions of their babies and themselves as mothers early in pregnancy as related to prenatal health behaviors, family background characteristics and women's work status. In semi-structured interviews, 59 married women in their 4th month of pregnancy described the fetus, the baby after birth, and themselves as mothers to the expected child. Consistent with construct accessibility theory a…
Socioeconomic Status and Health
A bstract : In the past 15 years, we have seen a marked increase in research on socioeconomic status (SES) and health. Research in the first part of this era examined the nature of the relationship of SES and health, revealing a graded association; SES is important to health not only for those in poverty, but at all levels of SES. On average, the more advantaged individuals are, the better their health. In this paper we examine the data regarding…
Relations among Socioeconomic Status Indicators and Health for African-Americans and Whites
This investigation explored the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES) to physical and mental health in two nationally representative samples of whites and African-Americans. We examined the interrelations among SES variables and assessed their contribution to health for the two racial groups. Throughout, we assessed the contribution of a less traditional indicator of SES-wealth-in the SES-health relationship. As we expected, African-American…
Objective and subjective assessments of socioeconomic status and their relationship to self-rated health in an ethnically diverse sample of pregnant women.
A new measure of subjective socioeconomic status (SES) was examined in relation to self-rated physical health in pregnant women. Except among African Americans, subjective SES was significantly related to education, household income, and occupation. Subjective SES was significantly related to self-rated health among all groups. In multiple regression analyses, subjective SES was a significant predictor of self-rated health after the effects of ob…
Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning
This preliminary study compared the associations between objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) with psychological and physical variables among 157 healthy White women, 59 of whom subsequently participated in a laboratory stress study. Compared with objective indicators, subjective social status was more consistently and strongly related to psychological functioning and health-related factors (self-rated health, heart rate, sleep lat…
Adolescents' Perceptions of Social Status
OBJECTIVE: Eliminating health disparities, including those that are a result of socioeconomic status (SES), is one of the overarching goals of Healthy People 2010. This article reports on the development of a new, adolescent-specific measure of subjective social status (SSS) and on initial exploratory analyses of the relationship of SSS to adolescents' physical and psychological health. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 10 843 adolescents and a…
Socioeconomic Disparities In Health
Socioeconomic status (SES) underlies three major determinants of health: health care, environmental exposure, and health behavior. In addition, chronic stress associated with lower SES may also increase morbidity and mortality. Reducing SES disparities in health will require policy initiatives addressing the components of socioeconomic status (income, education, and occupation) as well as the pathways by which these affect health. Lessons for U.S…
Medicine (88 obras) · Psychology (76 obras) · Population (61 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (51 obras) · Environmental health (49 obras) · Socioeconomic status (41 obras) · Demography (37 obras) · Gerontology (36 obras) · Clinical Psychology (32 obras) · Public health (30 obras)